CIHM 
Microfiche 
Series 
(Monographs) 


ICMH 

Collection  de 
microfiches 
(monographies) 


Canadian  Institute  f  jr  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  canadien  de  microreproductions  histoiiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes  /  Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempteci  to  obtain  the  best  orininal 
copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this  copy  which 
mey  be  bibliographically  unique,  which  may  alter  any  of 
the  images  in  the  reproduction,  or  which  may 
significantly  change  the  usual  method  of  filming  are 
checked  below. 


0 


Coloured  covers  / 
Couverture  de  couleur 


I      I    Covers  damaged  / 


Couverture  endommagee 


□    Covers  restored  and/or  laminated  / 
Couverture  restauree  et/ou  pelliculee 

I I    Cover  title  missing  /  Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 

I I    Coloured  mapr.  /  Cartes  geographiques  en  couleur 

0    Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)  / 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 

□    Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations  / 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 


□    Bound  with  other  materia!  / 
Relie  avec  d'autres  documents 


n 


n 


n 


Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  edition  disponible 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion  along 
interior  margin  /  La  reliure  serree  peut  causer  de 
I'ombre  ou  de  la  distorsion  le  long  de  la  marge 
interieure. 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restorations  may  appear 
within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these  have  been 
omitted  from  filming  /  II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages 
blanches  ajoutees  lors  d'une  restauration 
apparaissent  dans  le  texte,  mais,  lorsque  cela  etait 
possible,  ces  pages  n'ont  pas  ete  filmees. 

Additional  comments  / 
Commenlaires  supplementaires: 


L'Institut  a  microfilme  le  meilleur  exemplaire  qu'il  lui  a 
ete  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details  de  cet  exem- 
plaire qui  sont  peut-etre  uniques  du  point  de  vue  bibli- 
ographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier  une  image  reproduife, 
ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une  modification  dans  la  metho- 
de  normale  de  filmage  sont  indiques  ci-dessous. 

Coloured  pages  /  Pages  de  couleur 

j I    Pages  damaged  /  Pages  endommagees 

Pages  restored  and/or  laminated  / 
Pages  restaurees  et/ou  pelliculees 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed  / 
Pages  decolorees,  tachetees  ou  piquees 

I      I    Pages  detached  /  Pages  detachees 

[  V  I    Showthrough  /  Transparer 


n 


3nce 


j       I    Quality  of  print  vanes/ 


n 


Oualite  inegale  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementary  material  / 
Comprend  du  materiel  supplementaire 

Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata  slips, 
tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to  ensure  the  best 
possible  image  /  Les  pages  totalement  ou 
partiellement  obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une 
pelure,  etc.,  ont  ete  filmees  a  nouveau  de  fagon  a 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 

Opposing  pages  with  varying  colouration  or 
discolourations  are  filmed  twice  to  ensure  the  best 
possible  image  /  Les  pages  s'opposant  ayant  des 
colorations  variables  ou  des  decolorations  sont 
filmees  deux  fois  afin  d'obtenir  la  meilleure  image 
possible. 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reducv.->'i  ralio  checked  below  / 

Ce  document  est  filme  au  taux  de  reduction  indique  ci-desscus. 


lOx 


14x 


18x 


22x 


26x 


30x 


12x 


16x 


20x 


24x 


28x 


32x 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Engineering  Sciences  Library 
Queen's  University 


This  title  was  microfilmed  with  the  generous 
permission  of  the  rights  holder: 

Forbes   Tad  Rickard 


L'  exemplaire  fllme  fut  reproduit  grace  a  la 
generosite  de: 

Engineering  Sciences  Library 
Oueen's  University 


Ce  titre  a  ete  microtilme  avec  I'aimable  autorisation 
du  detenteur  des  droits: 

Forbes   Tad   Ri'-kard 


The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  cor,:.denng  *^  9  condition  and  legibility  of 
the  onginal  copy  anc        "epmg  with  the  filmmg 
contract  specifications. 

Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on  the 
last  page  with  a  pnnted  or  illustrated  impression  or 
the  back  cover  when  appropriate.   All  other  orig.nol 
copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the  first  page  wUh  a 
pnnted  or  illustrated  impression,  and  ending  on  the 
last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impression 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche  shall 
contain  the  symbol  -^(meaning  "CONTINUED")   or 
the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"),  whichever  applies. 

Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.   Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  m  one  exposure  are  filmed  begin- 
ning in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to  nght  and 
top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as  required.   The 
following  diagrams  illustrate  the  method: 


Les  images  suivantes  ont  ete  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et  de 
la  nettete  de  I'exemplaire  filme,  et  en  conformite 
avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de  filmage. 

Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  impnmee  sont  filmes  en  commen?ant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
derniere  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte  d'lm- 
pression  ou  d'lllustration,  soit  par  le  second  plat 
selon  le  cas.   Tous  les  autres  exemplaires  origin- 
aux sont  filmes  en  commen?ant  par  la  premiere 
page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte  d'impression  ou 
d  illustration  et  en  terminant  par  la  derniere  page 
qui  comporte  une  telle  empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
derniere  image  de  chaque  microfiche,  selon  le  cas- 
le  symbole  ->  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le  symbole  V 
signifie  "FIN". 

Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  etre 
filmes  a  des  taux  de  reduction  differents    Lorsque 
le  aocument  est  trop  grand  pour  etre  reproduit  en 
un  seul  cliche,  il  est  filme  a  partir  de  Tangle 
supeneur  gauche,  de  gauche  a  droite,  et  de  haut 
en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre  d 'images 
necessaire.   Les  diagrammes  suivants  illustrent  la 
methode. 


1 


J 


MICROCOPY    RESOLUTION    TEST    CHART 

ANSI  and  ISO  TESt  CHART  No    1 


A     -APPLIED  IM/1GE     Inc 


'>)   *82  -  0300  -  Phofie 
■^)  288-  5989  -To. 


RECENT  CYANIDE 
PRACTICE 


KDITI-D 

nv 
T.  A,   RirKAF<D 


FIRST   KDITIOX 


I 'to: 

MlXlXd    AM)    SClKXTIi'IC    I'RKSS 
S.\.\    FRANCISCO 


■r 

MiMNi;    AM'    Si   IFMIFM      PhPSS 


J 


PRKI'ACH 


Ills  iiMiik  uui's.  m  iiiiurniriit  tDrm. 


a  1  uinpilaiKin  ol  tl 


sfru's  c,|  ailii  Ics  uii  I  \  anulatiun  as  tlir\  )ia\c  a|)[)farccl  in  the 
[KiLjcs  uf  the  Minim,  wn  Scikm  ii-ic  Pkhss  l,ft\v<fn  [amiarv, 
l!ll)t).  and  OrtiilxT,   111117.      The  <  .  ml  nhutdrs   arc  t  hr  Icacicrs  in 


his    liranih    uf   niftalluri;v   ancl   t!ic\    (Icsrnhc   tl 


iiiilK  all   o\' 


ic  prai'tui-  in 
■r  tlif   w.jriij,    tnmi    Xi'vada   In  \<  w  Z<'alan(l.  ami 


I'l-'iin  tlio  'i'rans\aal    to  !\urra. 


S\N  Fkwcisci).  OiictiiT  r_'.  M)(I7. 


T.   A    KICKAKI), 

Kditc 


t27a(K) 


! 


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5^ 


f& 


i 


Al'.l.i;    nr    (OXTIATS 


(  vanu 


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I'liic  ( Inniliii.,' 
I'lltiT  I'rr>s  I'raiii 


('yaiuiliitiiiii  i>|  Cone  ititr. ill- 
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■|"lu'  Trr.ilir.i  III  m|   Dc-rrl  (  Ir.' 


'riihiii  (  .  Sliiirs 


\. 


I'uIk'  MilU  ill   1:1  dp.    M. 


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NU'lalluri;u  al   I  )f\ .  I.  .luiunl  .  .11  ilir  k.m.l     (, .  .  1 ,  /i,  mi ,  ami  //.  -^.  /'. 


•n 


ii.   I  rcatnunl  ..!   Urscrt  ( 'r.- 
lati 


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I 'r-ii^liiti^  .mil  Ciniiilnii.;  I'r.n  tui-  .it    K.ik'i ..  ulu 


1' 


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dr.i    Tnaiimnt   at   tlu'  I '.  miliinati.in   Mini',  CiiildtRM.    \c'\aila 


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What   i<  S'lnir 


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iiiaii  Urohii    1.' 


r  \iu.i-:  (>!■  (dxri-x r^ 


1', 


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I'T' iuTi  ^-^  111  I '\  aiinl.i;  I'lii   During;   I'.MIIi  .l//i.,/    jaiii,':, 

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('\'.niiilc  rii-.m-up  /.iii.'r  N  /•.'    I  li.nihi'. 

Thr  M.Mir,-  and  HinUT-  FilUT--  Mark-  Is'.  Lam'' 

Siplion   I)i\ur  liir  Riiiii  I'  in;j    |-'!i 'atiiv-     'atonal /'.J;,  w/i/  >,   l\'iar.l 


Tllr    HllUrrs    I'lhrr 

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Thr  1-iiilUr-  I'llicr 

(■\  alliilal  1'  Ml  al   l'.  .yala,   Mr\u  .. 

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■I'll.-  ffm  !irs  I'llur.     ,  - 

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CVAXIDH  AS  A   FACTOR  IX  GOLD  PR()DU(TI()X 

J.iiui.ir\    fi,  MMw; 

In    hi-    jircsiiltntial    aiMrtss    l)ctori'    the    theniiral    section    of 
the   British  Assneiati(jn.  Ci.  T.   Heilliv  said  : 

iTdiii  the  early  hes,'innin^'s  of  eivihzatKJn  K"l'i  I'^'s  ''fon 
highi\-  prize"!  ami  ea,t,'erlv  soui^'ht  after.  Human  Hfe  has  been 
treelv  saerifueil  in  it^  aenuireinent  froin  natural  sourees,  as  well 
as  in  its  t.ireiMe  seizure  fnmi  thnse  who  alreadv  possessed  it. 
The  'Aj^'e  of  flold'  was  not  nei  issaril\-  the  '(loliien  .\^v.'  for 
the  nolile  nietal,  in  its  unii|ue  ami  liarl.arie  splendor,  lias  svinhol- 
ized  niueh  that  has  luen  unworth\-  in  national  and  individual 
aims  and  ideals.  With  the  advent  of  the  industrial  a^'e  f^'old  was 
destined  to  take  a  new  plai  e  m  the  world's  historv  as  the  ^'reat 
medium  of  e.\ehan,i,'e.  the  .i^reat  proiiiotor  of  industrv  and  com- 
merce. While  individual  .ifain  still  rnn.iined  the  jir  -pellin.i,'  power 
toward  its  disco\cr\-  an<l  ac()uisiti<in,  evi^ry  fresh  diseoverv  led 
directly  or  indirectlv  to  the  freer  interchange  of  the  products  of 
industry,  and  thus  reacted  fa\dral>lv  on  the  inciustrial  and  social 
coniliticjns  of  the  time.  So  lont;  as  the  chief  sujjplies  of  gold 
were  olitaiiii'd  from  alluvial  deposits  hy  the  simjile  process  of 
washins,'.  the  winning  of  ,i,'old  almost  necessarilv  continued  to  he 
pursued  h\  individuals,  or  1)\-  small  ,L,'roui)s  of  workers,  who  were 
niainl\-  attracltd  ],v  the  hi.,dil\-  speculative  nature  of  the  occupa- 
tion. These  workers  endured  the  un-atest  hardships  and  ran  the 
most  seriou>  pergonal  risks,  drawn  on  from  dav  to  dav  l.v  the 
hope  that  some  s],,.,!;,!  stroke  of  ^'oo<l  fortune  would  he  theirs. 
This  cor.,liti,..n  prevailed  also  in  fi(dds  in  which  the  reef  j,'old 
occurred  near  the  surface,  where  it  was  easily  accessihlc  without 
costly  minnii,'  appliances,  and  where  the  ;)recious  metal  was 
looselv  assoeiated  with  a  wialhered  matrix.  These  free-milling' 
ores  could  he  readily  handled  hv  irushins;  ami  anial^.amation 
with  mercurv,  so  that  here  also  no  elaborate  or,i,'anizalion  and  no 
Ki'e.il  exjiendiluie  of  capital  Wire  necossarw  A  thirci  staj^e 
was  readied  when  the  more  easil\ -worked  deposits  above  the 
water-hne  had,  been  Worked  out  Xot  onlv  wre  more  co.stly 
apphanci  s  and  more  elaboratelv  otyanizi'ci  efforts  required  to 
.-.n;-,;,-  ir.v  ,,,\   ;,,  Hk-  Mni.ne.  nut   liie  ore.  wiien  oiitained.  contained 


KI-'A 


l:\  I    (   V  !.\//'/-.    /'A'  '■<    /'/'  /■• 


k.ss  .>f  its  K-.ld  HI  Ihr  c'a.Mlv   ivoAvn.l,  ;.n.l  Tru,v  in  ihr  ivtnumrv 
or  comhuwd  torni.     Th.'  pn.l.Um  nt   nc.v.n-  Iki,!  now  to  1  e  at- 
tacke.l  bv  impnAv.l  mechanical  an.l  du-nual  nu'ihods.     1  hr  -ul- 
phi.k's  crlclluridrs  will,  which  tliu  ^'oM  was  assonatc.l  ..r  cirl  nud 
had  to  l.f  rcMliuvd  in  a  slau-  of  ininulc  subdi virion  by  more  per- 
foct  stamping'  or  urindm-,  and  elat)(..rale  inveaulions  weiv  neivssary 
to  insure  metallu'  eontaet   between  tlie  particles  of   <,'old  and    the 
solvent  nxM-eurv^     In  manv  eases  the  aina.h.'atP.ation  pnux-s  failed 
to   extract    n-ore    than   a    verv    moderate   ,,roi  ortion    ot    the   i;old, 
an.l   the   <iuartz   san.l   or  •tailin->-,   which   still   coiiiained   the   re- 
mamdu-    lonnd   its   wav    ,nto   creeks   and    nvcr>,   or  remaitied   ,n 
heaps   on    the    ground    around    .he    latt>r:cs.      In    ner.'hborhuods 
where   fuel   was  available   a   ,,n  Innmarv   roa^tuv.;  ol    ti'e  ore   was 
,VM,rt(.l  to,  to  oxioi/.e  or  v,,hn.li/e  the  baser  metals  and  set  free 
the  "old     or  the  sulphides,  ulhuidcs.  .ic,  weie  ccme.ntrated  by 
waslnn-.  and  the   concentratLS  were   lah.  n   to  smehin-  or  chlor- 
inatii-4  works  u,  ^on-:e  favorable  Mlualion  where  the  most  elabor- 
ate metalhirmcal  nutbods  could  Ic  eco„,.micallv  applied.      Many 
HTorts  were   also   made   to   applv    tlic   solver,!    acii.m   oi   .  ■  lorinc 
,U,vctlv    to   the    unconccntratcd.   unroa.tcd    or.s  ;   but    unlortun- 
atelv    chlorine  ,.  an  excellent   solvent   tor  other  substances  1  esules 
Kol.l.   and    in   practice   it    wa-   found   that    its   solvent   cneri;v    wris 
matnlv  exercised  on  the  base  m.  lals  and  metalloids,  ana  on  the 
materials  of   which    the   apparatus   n-clf   was   constructed.     1  nis 
practicallv  xvas  tlu'  state  of  matters  m    isso,  when   the  u^e  ot  a 
,l,lute  solution  of  cvanicle  of  ,  o!a-,>ium  was  lirst  senouslv  proposed 
f,,r  the.  .■xtniction  of  i;old  fnnn  Us  cnvs.  and  the  proposal  was  far 
,V.,m    f:.vorablv    reuanhd    from    a   ebemieal    point    of    vu  w.   owm^ 
to    the     various    ditlicultics    wh.ich    i-ivscnted    themselves.      llow 
cach  and  all  of  ihcsc  ditlicultics  have  been  swept  aside.  h.AV   villiin 
li„k.  more  than  a  decade  this  mc  tl.od  ol  :,old  ,  xtraction  has  sp.read 
,,ver   the   ^'old-pr,..kicinu   c.mntr.es  of   the    world,   now   absorbing 
,„d  now  ivplacnm  the  older  processes,  but   e-ver  carrying  all  1  e- 
,,„,,    „      all    this   ,s   alreadv    a   twic.    told    tale    v.lieh    h.e   onlv    fe  t 
nisiif.ed  HI   alluding  to  ^^-^  ll-.^-.v   \vere  then  m.eetms  on  th.e   Rand, 
where   th.c'   mlant    process  made  its     deln,l  nearly   fourteen   vears 
.,ao       The    Rand    todav    is   the    rich.est    of   th.e    world's     Koi'i'ieMs. 
not    onlv   m  us  present    capactv.  but    in   its  potentialnies  ior  the 

;,,,    .... .,,,],. ..»"..!    ,,,  ...>,;i  .ilii  !._.s    Were  unsv.s- 

''!^Z,].  ^"vii'  bv'.'vi.'r^       In    isst.    the   'world's    consun.ption    of 


!"■' 


expert- 


(  )'  WIDI-    A^  A   FACTcK  /\  1,0/. D  I'Rol  )l  ■(  Tit  )\ , 


v\-An\A-  wt  pi]ias-,uiii)  ilhl  not  rxu'cl  ,")()  tons  prr  atimim  At 
piTsrnt  the  riilin'  runsuinption  of  cvanulr  is  not  nuuli  short  of 
1(1.(11)0  !,.:i.  pir  vrar.  ni  uliuh  the  Transvaal  -oMti.^M  consumes 
aJHiut  oti.,q!„rrl.  I.ar-;c  cs-ani.lr  works  .xist  in  C.r.  at  P-rilain, 
(uM-nian\  .  I-"ranr<  .  aii.l  Aincrua,  so  that  a  <\irr  and  stra!'  supplv 
ot  l!ir  na-.nt  ha-  \'vvn  amp]'  provi.U.,!-  In  IMM  the  pri(v  of 
r>anrK-  in  tlif  Trans\aal  was  I's  -.n-v  It,.,  to.ia\-  u  is  S,l,  "  ('l„Mn- 
istrv  has  s,,  ,,ft,.„  i„.rn  .  allr.l  on  lo  pla\-  tlu'  part  o»  h,-  huinhlL' 
an. I  nnrr.o-ni^cl  lian.hiiai.lm  to  ihr  m.lustrial  arts  that  he- 
mi-ht  i.M-haps  1,L-  panloiuMJ  if  m  this  .as,,  h  ■  rallr.l  puMir  atten- 
tion to  I'rrlrflla  as  shr  siiinrs  m  hrr  ri,i;htful  jiositDn  as  the 
L;;'nriis   o^    n  h.i-' I'ial   initiation    an  1    .lirrction. 


THH  CVAXl!)!-:   PROCESS  AT  CUAXAJ  UATo 

15V     1"kAN11>    J,     lloH-tlX 
.Ianu.ir\    1.     lillll.. 

In    l^'.i'.l   a   ntliiil.cT  (it   c\aiiiilr   tr-ts   wnv   \u:i'\<-   "U   ('iil"v  ore 
1,\-  i-hrmisis  m  tin-  tiiiplnv  .if  tlu-  M.xuaii  (".uM  \-  Silwr  Rrrdvcrv 
t'...,  tlu'  .)\vnfi>  uf  ihr  Mai'Anlnir  l-'urrrst  iiatcnts  m  tin-  Kcpul.lic 
lit'   Mrxicd.      The  ro'.ills  of  tlirsr  tests  \\\rv  far  frnin  satisfartdrv 
TIk'  cimsuniiJlii.ii  of  rvani.lc  wa'-  l^w   liut   tlu'  t'Xtraitiuii  alsn  was 
low.     avtrairiii!,'     from    4(1    to     .s.")  '  ,     of     tlu-    sil\i-r    aivl    u'oM    m 
the   orr.      Mo-^t    of  till'   tests   were   iiiaile   ou   sample-   weiuhini,'    JOO 
i,'ram-.  iruslieil  to  pass  sereetis  from  ,'ll  to  sil-iiiesh.      [n  a-Mition 
to  solulioiis  of  [lotassiiim  exaiinle  there  \wre  ad'ieil  to  tlie  ehar!j;es 
uiiiler  treatment,  ilitTereiit   pereentai;es  of  potas>uim  terri-evanidc. 
permatv-janate,  ami  e\en  ferro^  \  ani'le .  ainl  to  some  ol  theiii  wtTe 
U'liled  \arious  amounts  of  sodium  dioMiie,      The  time  of  treatment, 
in    nearh-    ewr\-    ease,    was    Hi    hour,.         In    eonse(|Uenee    ot    these 
exiierinients,  the  proei'ss  was  eomlemned  at  ( 'luanajuatei.      Shortly 
afterward,  on  tlie  reeomniendation  of  V.    A.  WiU.see  of  the  Venture 
Corporation,  the  Holmes  hrothers  t-xiierinientei!  for  -evera!  months 
on  Sireiia  and  t'uho  ores  ;  the  results  of  tlie-e  f\irther  expennu-nts 
led   them  to  eonelude   that   the   ores  of  this  distnet    i  ould   he   sue- 
eessfullv    evanided    li\-    slimini;    everxthini;.    One    imiuU     in    their 
re])ort   was  esjieeialh'   pr<-:iiiiiein,  that  e\enwith   4tl  da\-' leakdiinj^ 
the   sand.   resuliin.L,'   from   eru-hinL;  to   4(l-mesh   i.;a\''   no  extraetiun 
h\-     treatm.i,'    with     i'\anide    solution.      Thi-    was      pii    Swena    ore 
Aliout    three   and   a   half  Ncars  u>^n  the    Hullers  eompanv   took  up 
the    iiuestion   of  i\ar,ulin'4   tlie   Sireiia   ore.   and    V..    M,    Hamilton, 
of  that  eompanv.  ran  a  series  of  t<'sts  on  a  larL,'e  seale  at  the  Ihi'  /ei;./.; 
Fastita,    treatin',;    sand     and     shme     after    ore     eonei'iitration     on 
Wiltlev   tal.les:   leaihiiiL;   t!ie   sa.ml   and   a:4itatin,L;  the   -lime.       The 
ore    was   erushed    in    a    -tanip-lialter\-    to   jja>s   a    ^U-niesh    sereen. 
Fifteen    davs'  leaeliini,'    of   tlie    sand    witli      D.H'  ,      e\  anid.e     solu- 
tion, and  slime   a'<itation  wiili  O.D.'i' ,    -olution    i,'a\-e   excellent   ex- 
traction      The   metals   in   both    eases    were    eleetruallv    preeiplta- 
ted    on     sheet-lead     ealhodes.        The    total    extractions    recovered 
l,v    Mr.     H.:midtoii     from     two     seru .,     of     tests    s],, , we. 1  '.»_'.."  and 
114, .V,    (.f  the  total   value  of    the    ore,  the  vield    Lein;^    m    cmcen- 


////•    (   )\\  Mill,    I'KiH  /•»     1/    ,,7     1 


\.  l/ri/o  |;{ 


"■■"•'    ^""1    '"''I'""-     ""    'li-   I'.iM.   ,,t    Mr    Ila>n,l,„„-..,.x,K.n>m.nts 
''"■    ••ua,K„ua,n    (•,,n>ul„latr.!     .M,n,n,L:    C-.     .n.tallrd    tlu    ...vsmt 
.•xxH.n;  plant,  with  a  caparux  , .tap,, n,xmiat,l\    L'(M)i,,n-  p.V    ,lav. 
Tw,    vrars   aL,'n    I    was  rn-a.yr.i   Sv    -  lu^    AnuTuan    Fmancr  & 
N  '  nrnv  (  ..  m  make,  a  nu  lallui-i.  al  rxanunal,.,,,   ,,|  ,|„.  \-al,.nnana 
■"TV      11,,.  ,natrnal  iivaioKMNKanutnmuhrCna.lalupiMhnnp     a 
'lump    uliHli    runtain-,    ahnut     1  ,0(10, 0(11)    ,,,„s    ,,t    ,„v        The    tests 
"•^'■;'  •"■■"''■  '■"   I'^'H   of  ,1„.  samples  lakrn   In  ,m   shafts   ulneh   were 
sunk  tnr-.u.^h  the  ,hnn,.  m  nnler  f,  a.eertam  ,ts  vahu^       The  tests 
"--■^'  '"a.le  wuh  the.VMatnpt.nll  an.i  evant.le  plant  at   tlu^  luu  icula 
<''"'>-al,       Fu-st    we   n„Ile,l   several   1,„.„I   ,,re   wu  h   hatterv  sereens 
ran,.n,    trnm    20   „,    ;i(K„u.,h,    . -au  en.  ra.u,,,^   ,,„    a    W.lfiev    tahie 
^eparaln,.  san,l  an,l  sh„,e  w,t!,  spu^kastc.,  and  sp.tzlutten       The 
^I"t/lutten    were   plaee.i   unn.e.liatel V   nn-ler   the   sp,t/kasten        \n 
"■'"'"•";    -I""'""'"    "as    nl„a,ne,l,    n.aku,,-    appruxKnateh    70% 
•"     '^'"''    "•"'    ■^"''      '"■    ^Ii"H.        Al„,nt      -00    II,     „f    ,,„,!     ,J^ 
'■'"  "■■   '"    'iK'   shnie   were   slnpp.,]   „.   .M,x,e,.  C.v   and   there  suh- 
;!;:"■''   '"  'M-nn.ent    ,„   tne    ,al,ur„tnrv   uf  the    Mexuan   (luld   & 
•''\^:''    '<;;"-':v^-"        f.-s    ..aeh    ,>f    -    k,l.,.:    „f  „r..    w.  v   leaehed 
^•nniinuallv,   wul,    snlutmns     varvn,,.   fr,,m  0.1    „,  o  :<       Ke",.  f..^ 
';"''"'       ''>>'^"l'>asethes,lverand^,,ld   were  pree,p„ated  „n  zinc 
^hav.n.;.      A     lathn.^r  ,,.,nple   was    taken    da.lv    fur    l"    davs     there 
We.n,^.  .'I    sandnhai-es   under   treatment.      At    the   end   uf    I"  davs 
iiH'   extraei.nn   eeased,      fvamde   .-.nisumptmn   ran....!    fn,m   0  Tf, 
•"    I."  H'.   per  t.,n   ni   ore   treated.        Wul,   0.;^  and    0  4',    .solu- 
tions th..  extraet.nn    was  e^ual   t„  that    seeured   w,th   stn-n^er   s„- 

lut.otns.  and  the  e-,nsu,npt,.,n  of  evan,de  wasonlv  one  pnnnd  per  .on 
'"  ';;^'  "y^"-!'  The  expenmenls  on  shnie  wetv  run  on  a  verv 
'7'"  '^'^''^^  ^"  "'■^'-  ^'^^-'-t'n^  ,n  hot.les  w,.h  vanous  strengths  of 
solution:  a  ehemieal  extraetion  of  about  ,S,S'  ,,., he  silver 
was  ol.tamed  with  0.0- ,  .„l„„on,  with  a  ehemual  '  eon- 
sumption  ol  about  one  pound  of  potasMum  evanide  per  ton  treated 
ll.en  tests  were  made  on  a  lar^e.  seale,  usin.,  eompres.sed  air  for 
a.;..^mon  and  a  0...n^  solution.  Hoth  deeantation  and 
he  .Moore  hlter-press  ntethods  were  tried  for  separatmv^  solution 
'"":',  T'""^''  ';"»''  ---  '■'^'->">  ''"t  no  apparent  advantaj^e 
-u,d  he    uamed  l,y  use  of  th.e  Moore  tilter.  the  onlv  savin.^  heinj, 

!h,",n"!l!!':;'"!'..!';:'.;''!.'^,''"'''  """  "'^■'"''  "-^'^  ""'l-n.Ht  ,n  usm^ 

■       ■''■"."■     •'■■'■■ 'tiL;   uui    the    quistioi,    of   roxaities.       1  Me    nietals 

"^■■■^'  P'Tvipitate.i  on   .ine  shaving.      Hxhaustive   tests   with   zmc- 


14 


A7-:(/-;\  /  '  y  i  \ii>i-  i'i<^<  i "■  '• 


.Ir.st  i,ivri|,i!an..n  u-rr  iml  al  all  -at  i.ta.  t- .,•,  Tm  mv  p,  rs.mal 
kllMwl-M'.-r    llll-    "..^    thr    MXHI.I    ea-r    wllrn-    ZlIlrahiM     ]  ,n  ■, '1  ]  ,11  al  !■  .11 

„.,,ul,l  iv.t  UM'-k  Willi  tluM'  n-uil-  ior  a  -tiulf.  1  iiiiUr'l  Til 
niriru  !.,ii-lr-iii  iliii.ua'lahiiH'.lvinipal  llu-  lia.i,.n,la  Cnil  ral .  fnti - 
.vnlratui'.'.  -.rparatui-  -aii.l  lr..i,i  Viiiiir,  ali.l  rvaiii'lm^;  llu'iti 
-„|,aialrh-  1  UM-.l  a  (I  l',  -.Iuiimh  f.  ,r  Irariiin-  -ami  an.) 
HI).'',     tor     a-ila'.in-      -linu  .\i.iir"\niiali  1\     :!."',     "t     tlu'    uiv 

Naliir      wa-       M'l.arau-!      in      tlir       l-nii      ..f      ,.  .luviil  ralc^  W,' 

,,l,taiiUMl    an   rxtni.MMii    .,n    -and    '-i    Mi',     ..I    llu-    -ilvrr   an-l    '.tT'^ 
nf  ilu'  -..M.    tn'iii    -litiii'  wi'    I  xiraitr'l '.III' ,  (if   ihi'  -ihrv  aivl  "l7''£, 
,,1    il,r    M,,l:l        Tlu     liiiir    .>t    -aii'i-lrarliin-    wa-     1 J    ila\-,    an,l    the 
iMlal    Uliir   Ml    -liirc^UTaUlirnt    wa-   thiTc    (!a\ -.   "lu-    .lav    >  .\    whuii 
wa-  aiinr   a-itatuin        On   -all.l.   tlir  ..  .ii-unii  .1  mil   ot   rvaiiulr    v- as 
II    11,,   ami    "11    -Imir,     iniliuliiv-,'   iiu-rlianii  al    1,—,   H    "a-   a    tntlc 
Ir-  llian  •_'    "   Hi    l"r  Ion  ul  .lr\-   -linir       Tlu-  nivial-  \ww  i.n-ipi- 
tal.-l    .111    /.mr    -liavini^.      A    rlran-ui,    wa-    ina.lr.    llir    rcarsc    zmr 
was    iv.huv.l    u-illi    -u'li'mru-    a.i'l.    and    tlu-    imMurt    nirlt.'.l    int.. 
|,;,1],,„,       Til.'    IV,. I    l.ar-    .if    l.ulli.,n    llui-    ..l.lain.'.l    I'.nlainr.i    m 
,,,,1,1   2    Ir    p.T  1..11     .'f  '.r.-   in. .IT   tliaii   llu-  assa>'s  in.lu-aU'.L      Tlif 
silvrr.  ..n  llu-  ..tlu  I-  lian.l.  wa-  n  -in  .  yrv  K.n  ..f  ..rr,  -li.>rl.     Taking; 
ini,,    o.n-uU-raIi..n    llu-    fa.-t     llial      llu-   ].rr.ipilali.,!l    was  in  a  nrw 
w..i;  i/.ini--lH,\  aiul  llial.  aft.-rllu-  .  k-aii-up  wasnia.l.-,  H  was  sliiM.r.l 
I.,  tin-  Slat.-  ..f   Mu-li..a.an   m  ndii..-     r..ai--,-   zm.-   with   arul,  aii.l 
111, -11   null.-.l    t.'ur  Iiiiu-  ill  ..r.K-i-  I..  ,i^t-t    hnllnm   Ulld  liru  .  it    r-.-iM 
11, ,1   1,t-  ,-<.n-i,U-r.-,l  .,thrrwi-c-  tlian  an  al,-.>lutc  >  lu-ck  ■  ,n  tlu-  w..rk, 
A  l.il   w>-i--;liin-    inil  ku'.  "f  .  ..lu-t-ntfalt    was  -hi], pel  I,.  M>-xu-.i  Cilv. 
,,n.--lialf  1,.  Ill--;  K-a,lu-.l   willi,>ul    iv-rin.liii,>; ;    tlu-  "tlu-r  half  was  iv- 
.^P.unil    t..  pa-s    IKil-ii^.-sli.   aii.i      wa-     tlit-n     tivaU-,1     with     rvani.lt- 
l,v  tlu-  a.^itatu.n  an.l  .l.-.antali.  ,ii  n  <  llu„l.      In  !>.itli  ra-r-  tlu-  nn-t- 
,,1-    w.-n-    ],r.-ripiiau-,!    .  .n    /.in.-    -lia-.iii-.      Tlu-    tmu-    ..f    ta-alnit-nt 
m  tlu-   tir-t    .asc-   wa-  !MI  .lav-  willi   II   '-V  ,    -.,luti.,ii;    m   tin-  s.-.-..n.l 
i-i.^ht    ,la\-.   with   tlu-  -atr.c  s.,luti.,n.      T.ital  r.xtra,  ti,  >n    was     iii,,n- 
than    U(l',.      Tlu-a-    wa-    n.,    ti-.,uM.-    :n     pi-.-.ipitati..n.      In     L.tli 
cases  tlu-   .-U-an-up   Ju-.-ke.l    tlu-   assa\-  ..f   lu-a.liiiL;    an.l    tailini,' 

In  o.n-c-.|U.nre  ..f  thu-.-  ,-xp.  niiu-nts.  tlu-  Ml-tani],  null  at 
tlu-  Hu-t..-  aiul  liu-  rNaiii.l.-  phmt  at  tlu-  /mi;c;i./.i  I-I.tv-  an-  l.t-mu 
iii-iall.-.l.  I  .ntei-taip  lu.  'L.tilt  "t  nl.tainin.-;  m  i.rartia-  n-sult- 
niiial   t..  th..-.-   arhir\L-.l   111   tl'.e   lal.<.rati>n-   m    \\v\un  V\l\    atul  in 


LIU        .    .\i 


ills  an.l   tlu-  t-xt fa.-t i.ir.s 


.t.Iaiin-,1  in  a.tiKil  inillmL;  \avtt-' 


THE  ry.\\:i>i    i'i<,h  a 


1/  '-/■  1  \  1  //■  1  /,  i 


'''•'"  '""■  1"'-  '""       I  I'll'-"    M.-    Il.uinlt.m'.  U.I-,  „ir  i.ru,..'  .  ,,„. 
tiniH'l  in  piMiiiic  ,ii    I'astiia. 

Two  yiars  a^o  ilii'  owmis  ,,i  il;,-  Cul,,,  mini'  installed  a  i-yan- 
iilc  plant   at   tluir  luuinuLi.      1   am   not   familiar  with   thi'  rtsults 
ul.tamr.l,  l,ut  tli.\  ^.ppc  ar  tc  hv  koo.I  tVuni  the  fac't    thai  tlu'  plant 
i>   Mil!   running;.     Al„.iit    uxw   viar  aj-o  the    Piivvrrina    Minin.u  & 
.Millin«  Co.  i'm;)In\v.l   iiu'   to  make  a   inrtallur,i,Mcal   examination. 
Results    were    hi,!,'hly    sati^tario-,  .    !I4' ,     of   the    p!v>  ,ous    m<i,,N 
lem^'  extraele.I  ;  and  the  eonipany  is  operatin.i,'  a  2()-stamp  mill 
and    eyani.le    plant:     thev    an'    now   erei'iin,;;   an    additional     Kill 
stamps  with  evaiiide  aiiiux.      li   is  stated   that   the   IVn-niM  mill 
has  obtained   as   mueh   as   '.Hi',    e-xtraetion   of  silver.      C,,..]--,.    \\ 
i^ryanl   has  a  t-\anide  plant  in  optraiion  at   the  h.hicnd.}  Central, 
and  anotlur  n.  arlv  ivadv  al   Xaval;    ih,,-  exlr.ution  i^  ^a^l^fa.■torv 
and    this   pl.mi    al-i,   ,s   I  eim;  enlar.ued.        Frank    C     Peek.   o|'    the 
I'-nlaiid    .Mnim.L,'    Co.    at    Cripple    Crerk,    has   puiv'Ke^d,   and    will 
.soon    hav,     creetrd,    a     4(!-M..n>p    i-ill    and    evani.le    annex    at    .he 
luuuruLi  San   Matias       .Mr     11  ,a,-uen-oHia  has  ehan,i;.,d   liis   /..,/„, 
j.roeiss   to   eyanidatinn.    aii.i    i-    treating;   dailv    al  out    :■;()    ton>   ot 
'nM..m     ore.      Tlx      Adam.     ...nipanv     at      La    Lu/    ,xp.et>      lo 
uxet     Hill   Mamps    wnh    evamde    plant.      The   (hianania'o   disiriel 
IS  now  evanidin-  .-j.-.d  ton.  of  ,,;■.  dulv  ;  wiili  ihr  pla'nt.  n.>w  pur- 
ehas;-d   and   imdrr  ereelion.   this  amounl    will   h,-  merea-ed    diorth' 
to    I.  Kill   i,,,s   pir  day. 


Fixi-:  (;ri\I)I\'(; 

l.inuir\    -'7      PMH, 

The  l-MitDr  : 

Sir  1  have  nail  uitli  itiicri^t  tin  iMiiiiminnat  mn  mii  I'lnc 
(iriiidiiii,'  m  Mi-talhir-\  ,'  li\'  Mi'  1-;  ['.  W'aiui.  dalcd  Xuwnihrr  _".t, 
in    \-()ur  issiir   (,i   1  )iTi-inliiT    Mi 

Mr  W'ann  sa\^,  in  i)art  ,  "I'"inr  '^riniliiiL;  lia\  iiil;  iirnxcn  a 
|)r(-n(|uwitr  lor  tlir  liii,'liist  rxtrarlion  li\  aiiiali,'anialiiiii  aii'l 
ivaiU'K- !ca(  !inii,"'t  ,l;"M  .jrr^  "  M\  line  i^'nii'luiv,',  I  takf  it  t  hat  M  r 
W'ann  nirans  i  ru>liini,'  tlir  nialcrial  to  surli  an  rxtcin  that  llu- 
larj,'r>t  partirlr  will  \iv  lim  ('nnui,'li  lo  pass  l.'O-niisl!  Mncn.  M\ 
oxprricnic,  Ljainiii  m  tlii-,  iouiil!-\.  the  Australian  loloincs.  aiiil 
Mexii'o,  Ira'K  mv  to  lirlir\c  tliat  m  tlic  L;rcat  niaioriI\  of  rases 
such  »iiiL'  '^niuiuiL;  i.-.  1)\  no  nuaiis  r^sciitial  to  srcuniii,'  tlic  l.fSt 
ronimn-i  lal  ri'^ult^,  ()t  tlu'  iiunilur  ot  \ai-\in>^  c  lassrs  n[  ore  I 
ha\c  iiail  oi<asion  to  cxaininr  iluriiiy  inv  -,ix  or  seven  wars' 
resuli'tiii-  m  tin-  \\'e.-,l  1  lia\c  met  hut  two  or  three  instances  where 
tine  i,'riniiin,L;  ^,'a\i'  an  inirt\i-,e.l  roinniereial  extraetion  ot  the  ^nU\ 
and  sil\er  content,  m  most  la^i-.,  where'  the  lar<^'er  portion^  of 
the  erushi']  ore  were  line  enoui;h  to  pass  a  ."iD-niesh  screen,  or. 
in  other  \\circis,  were  approxunatelNciiie  oin--hiinilrecith,  inch  diaiii- 
eter,  a  ,i,'reater  prcjiit  was  obtained  tli.m  when  the  material  waspul- 
verized  to  >liiin'. 

It  nia\  lie  j,'enerall\  stated  that.  wlieRver  careful  elassitie.'i- 
tion  IS  I  allied  out.  ,ind  al.solutel\-  free  ^harp  sand  is  dealt  with 
liy  percolation,  results  ei|u,ill\  as  c  oiiiiiierc  i;,l!\-  ljooiI  will  he  oh- 
tained  from  the  sand  as  from  tlu'  slime.  t!iou,L,di.  of  .ourse.  the  treat- 
ment of  the  sand  will  ruiuire  prohahh-  four  to  ten  times  as  lon^' 
as  the  slinie. 

In  the  somewhat  rare  eases  in  America  m  which  tine  crrinclin^ 
will  show  <,n-eater  profit  than  a\cra'^e  erushin>,',  sand  and  shme 
treatment.  I  am  stron,i,d\  m  favor  of  the  i^rindini;  jian  as  a  eoiii- 
niiiuitor,  'idle  jians  in  ]iairs  are  almut  ec|ual  to  one  14-ft.  tuhe- 
mill  111  capacity,  are  sliv;htl\-  c  heajier  in  operalins.;  and  mainten- 
anee  expense,  and  are  aliout  cmedialf  the  icis!  ti,-ited.  If  used  m 
two  siTies  stafie  j^'rinditii.;,  with  intermediate  elassifieation--  it 
is   prol.al.le   that    their  eapaeitv    would    he   still   further  incTeased. 

For  slime  treatment,  cithc'r  for  true  slime  or  finelv  nulver- 
ized  ore.    aj,'italion  in    l.nM,'e.    deep.  !!atd)ottomed  vats,  fitted   with 


I-I\l:    <,l<l\lil\, 


17 


rrsohmi^   .inns,   i.,   krcp   i  lir   s,,li,|s 


Ij'     ^Jilirni 


tl-Mlll       Mltl 


111.  ,ssar\  .    ami     wnh     1, 


I'l.u;   Mill    .,t    tiir    t: 


nil 


ilrauiiiK   Iriini    ih,     !M,it,,ni   and    li 


l'\'<'      I  rtllnlllL,Ml 


in. I 


■"•'■•'"""    [Tni^ir.   IS   inimrsalK    tl 


"■"^^111-      iM      th,        |,,|,      I 


piiiiii, 


'"■  .i).,Mlaii.,ii 


H, 

il   IhTI' 


I-  must 


I'^al    .,t    11:,.    ,|,ss.,lvr,i    vah„.    ,an    I 


Il  "ii'iitii,  al 


s\  stem. 


(HTlrrH\    iM  rtiini 


Hmtcrs  fassil 


'V   tllr  iisi'  iif 


''    "i"si    1  > 'iii,,„iuall\- 


Th 


i.rsc    rillrr> 


f\   arc  alMiiil 


II  "ni-lialf  III. 


•  l-t 


^i.  l'\   luiin 


\.irmnn  till,  ns  ,,i  th,.  \\, 

11\      iMlnillL,'    llltn 


"ire- 


"■'l-t\  lu-    lillrr 


.•iiHl    lliiir 


i^r  trralcl,  ,,(  tli,    st; 


"Ilr-llnnl    th,.    rust.       1,1    I 

ti-.utiuti   1„.  ,,l,iaini.,l  In. Ill   thr  shim    i 


'|n  r.iiHiii   Is  all 


n\    \ir\    tl 


'Il.ir.l     with     aljuut 


•isrs  laii   an   a.l 


m    hill  r  [MVssi.s,     It    ,s   al 


"■    ininhii  liiiM   t! 


<'|liatr    I'X- 


tllr   iiif-tals  |,\    aj,Mtati( 
inK   li'iunis  ti'iiii    th-.   . 


"!'i^I    imnirsall 


"■  'naliiirnt 


\     nil 


n   pri..r  t(.   th,. 


plT.ltlVt      tM    .iiss,,|v( 


■p.iratiun  of   tin    ),m,I,|-|„ 


In    tl 


If    tn-alnuiit    ,.|    -,,1,|    .,„,i    ^j; 


l.s   .s,'i\ri 


■•ni'l  a  sh^'hiK    in 


\rr  iir(. 


|"nsnl,.ral.Ic    t 


inu' 


in   thr  suhciit    I.< 
[HTi  Illation,    tin 
I'M'ii   in   siiiiic   I 


I'li'l    tn.        Vuy  tl 


Ntra,  lion   ,,l,taini-,!   if  ,  rush 


'I': 


"■'■    I'.irtu  ularh     sil\ir-l 
isrs   li\i-.    t 


11-   tl'r.itllU'nt    of  ,.] 


<;ni  sanil  l,v 


•■'inni,'    niattrial.    t 


»\o,    and 


Ma 


n.lhn;,'  of  tl 


ns  Iliad. rial  can    I 


thr    usf   of   thi     Hlaisijill 


ajijiaratus. 


skillfi 


from 


on,'   \at    tl 


'■''■"""■'";^   Ikim-   h.in   fouml   i-rohtaM. 
'  '■  fimioniuallx    [.iiforni,-,]   1, 
■^'•ivaiinu,   -list  nhiihn.i,'.  ami   , 
i«M.i;n(ii   plant,  saml   nia\    I 


'n\c\in),' 


iiiiatrK- 


anothtf,  iisiiii;  tin    al 


f   nvncil 


lllO\-,.     I! 


"iif   criit    [HT  ton,   ami    tin 


hiiK'fx-,  lot-  a 


niouslv  mi.V' 


cx'rarti,  11   ami    prohi^ 


I>I'rox- 
■  t'nor- 


.\s 

lit  Om- 


an iiistam,'  of  I  hi'  fail; 


I'v  of  attni 


if  W 


•"iintfv  •i,  thr  ofi.s  of  anotl 


'I'lm.t,'  III  fit  tlu-  nirthoils 


i-strt-n   Australi 


HT,  tna\    |„.  Ill 


in  ores  ami  t! 


I'lltllllU'll   t 


U'  cuse 


In  t  hr  lornifi    cast..,  fi 


raw   or,.    f,,r  the   hij,! 


nc  .irnnilinj;  is  ilist 


C'ri'ck  an  al 


J^lust    1  oninitTrial 


nu'sh 


most  ciiuallx-  i,r,i,„|  ,,.,^, 


as  at   i.'n(»-ni 


'ifi-.  or  1 


a,t,    a    loiisiikTahh     hi"l 


vi^h.  fitluT  Ii\-   i 


>.v  snii[ilf  i\aniilation  of  tl 


""-y  I'f  Crippk.  Cruek,  Colorado, 
nirtl\-  ni'nvssai-v  to  fit  the 
fxtrartion,   whik-  at  Cripple 
'•■""""  niax    1„.  ol.taincd  at  30- 
romo-i-vaniil,.  trcainirnt  of  raw 


H'  roasted 


As 


roasted 


H-r  extraiti 


ore    a 


t     ;i()-niesl 


i.yaniiie    at    2()()- 
nientioned  distriets  1 
thf  Koid  in  th 


1    than    upon   tl 
md    finer,      T 


"tl    Hiav    he   obtained 


matter  of 


on   the 


he   raw   or. 


usinj;   1 


ronio- 


las  jioints  in  ei 


"f    ore    in    l,ot!i    the   al 


f  material  fr 


ined    with    telluri- 


oni  the  1, 


mmon,  that   is.  that 


"er  Ie\els  of  the  mi 


love- 
much  of 


nes  is  eom- 


[>enver.  Colo.,    f 


muarv  ,S.    mkk} 


■ODIKKV    DoVET 


o\. 


i-ii.ri;k  i'ki;.>s  i'i>;.\<  tui'.   i\   \\i;.^ri;u\ 

ALSTi'lAl.IA 
Bv  A.  B.  \Vai.i..uk 

ipil.ni.iry  :t    IlKm 

Whin  llir  miiK'  opt-rators  in  WVsUtii  Australia  turiu.l  tliiir 
atti'iition  to  tlif  tri'atniint  of  tlu-  .ij()l(l-l)<.'arinK  slime.  thr\'  had 
a  rhoiif  ul'  one  i>f  two  niethoils.  iKiim-Iy.  tk-iantatiun  ami  liltiT- 
pivssini;.  Tin.-  si-rious  (lilticulty  was.  ami  is.  thf  s<anit\-  ami  cost 
of  water.  .\t  nuist  iniiU's  at  that  tiiiU'  tin-  water  ust^d  fur  niiilini,' 
was  the  salt  water  \hieh  was  jiumju'il  out  of  the  mines  or  from 
wells.  For  hoiler  purjioses.  this  water  had  to  In.-  distilled  and  eost 
from  $\.2'>  to  .*i2..'.(>  per  hundred  >;aIlons.  At  the  present  time, 
however  l\al.<,'oorlie  is  am])ly  supi)lied  with  fresh  water  1>>'  the 
■C"ool<,'arilie  Water  Scheme."  as  it  is  ealled.  whieh  suiijilies  about 
.'.11(1(1,0(10  iral.  jier  day.  Tiiis  water  was  jjumped  thr<)U.!,'h  a  ;}(»-in. 
main  iVom  the  Swan  river,  a  distance  of  SOO  miles,  and  is  sold  fijr 
al  out  ."iOc.  per  thousand  jjallons.  meter  measure.  But  in  oth.er 
districts  he\ond  Kalnoorlie,  as.  for  instance,  at  Meiizies.  many 
mines  have  to  j)ay  as  hij;h  ;is  >;."  per  thousand  tjallons  of  salt 
water.  I'or  this  reason,  deeaniaiiun  methods,  which  invohed  the 
loss  of.  on  an  avera.i;e.  from  Hiid  ii>  ^An)  ■^.,\  .  nr  miii-  hv  iwm  tons  of 
water  |)iT  ton  of  dry  slime  treaiid.  pn.\e.l  tou  en-tlv  .  and.  in  tho^e 
IcKalities.  tilter-pressinj;  was  almost  uni\-ersall\-  aduj.trd  as  the 
oiii\-   jjossihle   method   of  slinu'   treatment 

The  Di'line  press  or  one  of  similar  t\pe  is  .-ilmost  uiii\t  rsaliv 
used.  Tile  pri'sses  are  sup|ilied  with  I'ee'l  and  wash  clianiiels 
ihrouj,'!)  lu.:;,'s  attached  to.  hut  out.side  of.  the  frame  .\i  lirsi  it 
was  tiie  prai'tici'  to  collect  the  watt'r  from  the  mill  aih  r  sc]>ar.itin<.,' 
the  '-and  and  aiiow  iju'  slime  to  seltk'.  dr.iwmi;  off  tlie  (  I' ar  water 
lo  he  riiuiiud  III  the  iiiill.  The  slimy  jiulp,  in  tin-  pnipuriinn  nf 
■ihiiui  three  111  wati.T  to  oiu  of  slime  was  tlu'n  fi^ried  nitn  the  pre>s 
h\-  meau^  iif  (iimi.fesstMl  air.  As  smm  as  tlie  jifess  was  full  the 
slime  w.is  1  fr.iti'il  for  ahmit  four  hours  h\  puinpiiii,'  cvanide  soiut  imi 
throut^'h  h.  In  some  cases  coniiiressed  air  also  was  used  to  drv 
llie  pulp;  this  inrlliDil.  li()We\er.  took  tun  iiiui'li  ]iress  iapaeil\- 
and  \\a-  litialK'  i.h.-mdiined. 

The    me!  !;od    IIcW    Ilst-d    :-.    !;!    eii!!!';!     '.]m-    ■.!i:ii:-    U-:t:t\    :]:•    •.•.^^.U 


I- 1 1. 1  IK  I'Kh^^    /'/,■  1,   //,  /. 


If) 


rtquisitr  .  \  am. I 


III     a     \  ,it     w  II  h     ni,  I  ! 


iaiii..il    >rirr,i-.,     uiih      ti 


iiitMii,  in  I  ii,'  1,1 


-Iimr,  until  all  III,.  M,,l,|  „!,,,  I,  ,  ,,„    1 


|'i""|"'i-in>n  .pt  Iw.i  s.,1 


UIl"!!   \n  die 


ami  tli(  n  lilti  r  pr 


■r-.-r.|.    USUI-    Ihc    lllllT-Iirc'> 


11   l'(   :^'i)t  intcj  M)luti..n  IS  c|is„,I\ 
.•ss  as  a  srp.ir.il  ini;  iikh 


Tl 


11'  i>ivss<^'s  usuall\  lia\f  hail 


tons  „f  <irv  slinu-  per  i-hart;.':  the  tln.k 


1  lapaiity  ni  tn>ni  tlirif  t.,  tivf 


aivonlini,'    \,>    tlic   mat 


iTial,    ti'Jiii    i>i 


ini'hrs.      The    thirkrr    the    cakc.    .,1 
thi'  trfatiik  III       Til,-  si/,.  ,,t  th,.  ,akr  I 
I'cini;  t'n.m  :{()  i,,  .-,(i ,  ,,1^, 


ncss  (it    the   lakcs   varic 

iiiiu  li    as    I  hi-, 


II'    null     t. 


'  "iirsi',    till    i:ii 


ca,  !i  |,r,s-       Tii,.  til 


>pc.-ially  uii\,n  |,„-  ,|,ai   pur|i,.s,.  ami  ,.,Ms  a! 
wliolesalc,  sn  t  hat 


■iiitu.mi,  al 

u-^uallv  40  in,  sipi  ir,  ,  ih,,-,. 

'I  f  1  lull)  Is  tnatcrial 


mil   .,(),■ 


carli    ,  Ini 


1   '  'ists  all,  ml   s| 


I'lT  \  ard  at 


^ft     ,ul     iiiti,  h 


"I  from  ;i()  i,,  im  ,|,,vs      | 

san.l,   thr  ,|,,i||   ,s   1  alii,,   tu 
ailvanta,i,'(s  ,it    lilt,  i-pn.sMii-  is    i|„.  ]; 
KuM  ami  s||\-,.i-  u  111,  h  lati  I 
or  tiir,  III  intn  l  li,.  la- 


I"   '!!'■    tiiaiirial    i.ivs>i,l 


iii'l   It    has  a   hie 
(iintaiiis   imiih 


'|iii<  kcr      (  )ni 


'I    li 


nX'i'   prnpiii-ti.i;i  i,t"    .lissuh,.,! 


tl   lie  I'll  1 1\  ,r. 


w 


'''    "iHv.   then   a   Ui'ak   wasi 


ifai  liralh-   ,"(!'  ,    .if  i 


1  nr  \vat,r  is   tun 


.1'    \\asiiin''   1^ 


Ilif'ii-h    tl:c   shin,,   fi-i 


Mr\-    tli.iruii.ih. 


K'li  ilu-  I'Ulp  is  puiii].,.,! 

li'  siilutlnll   Is  ricnw.ffil 

■'■'1   thfini'^h   till'  ,.ak,.s 


as    tile    ^\■at 


"111    "til-    tlltt.f-pl 


Her  pas>,.s   li,iri/,,nl 


IWi 


i"iis   lit    wall 


plat,,   til  the   (itl 


UT.    illllv 


aliiiui 


f  Iiciiil;   n 


rirssar\"    til   w 


an. I    ciiu'dialt'    tuns   ..i    ^1 
iiii.lir  al 


isii    (iiu-   I  Ik 


iiiif,      ( 


'■  al.ntii   !l(l-||,.p,v.suiv,uhi<h  t. 


IpITss,.,! 


-f  111 


aif   Is    thin    intni.hiivd 


watrr  s(.  that   ih,.  shm,..  u|u-n  tl 


fic  s  mil  Di,,]-,.  ,,t  J I 


ic   rcniaini 


inilv  a  (iiiii 


para; 


\tl\    small  im 


('  iiTattiK.iii  is  (■.imp|,-i,-,l, 


a'^'c  lit   nil  list  ui 


■f    \ai'l(.: 


"tti'ii  hail  a  ivsi.lu,    ,.|int 
till!    I 


At   Hi  .  l.ail 


p'lftlnn    ,,1    lIlnlsIUIT,      That    p,T. 


\    Stititiin  mm,',  at    M 


iiiiin'4   as  |it:l,.  as  tnitii  11  t,i  I 


rnl- 


t'llZK  s,  U't 


lonsiiU-i-  liiaj  1 


'   ,   niiiislurf 


H-  aviva; 


■'■  ■"'  "\''''  '111'  >iiuntrv  wiiulil  l.,.  ah 


nit 


<li(T 


Ki'.Liar.hni;    I  h,.    ,.|,st    of 


'.rent  ilislrnis  that  it 


aMrai,'!'.      In   W 


IffattlU'tit  .    this    \- 
Is  piactiiallx'  impiissilil,.  t 


tl.  tiraih   >;4 


I'sIiTti  Australia  it   ma\-  li,.  sanl 


fi.il  nil  In.al  r. unlit 


piT  tun  ut    slinir,  ii,.i„.n,l 


ifus    sii    lar^ilN'    in 

"  k'ivr  an  a,  riiratc 

t"  \ar\    tri'tii  -Si'iO 


pitniim:  im  tlir  tiatufr  nt'  tl 


ii'iis  ami  iin  I  lu'  tin; 


I'Vl'lf    (it 


iif  1)1   iiitifcst    tl 


<ii>iniii.,ns.      The  last 


<■    'HtUJIUll 


nrtirci...ssaf\-.      it  rrijuirtst 


lal. 


I'llt  lit  the    ■tftirkiTs.'  uli 
twi ,  mt 


s'lN'c    a    trw    ta 


IS  an  ini|,(iriant    t.uti 
s       I'ifst.   with   rvi 
Wdniiii  tiiilischar; 


ir  niati.'- 
<y  I  'lU'  I,  iituplftt' 


'f.  ami  It   ina\- 
irnur   to  the 


^aii  usuallv  <lisihart,r  a  pnss.  rlran  th 


[v  a  [ifrss  imlrpt-nii- 

'■a   .luniji.       i  hiso 

<■  tranu's.an.l  lIoso 


20 


A'/-.(  /-.A  7    (   WW// II,   /'AMf   //(/■: 


th 


<'  prcs^  n'ail\-  tur 


.iiiMlhrr  I  li.'irL^r  in  Irmn  ;5()  t 


"    i-    iinnuli' 


a  rulr  IWM  1,1.  n  aiv  .■iii|,|,,v,.i  |,,r  ,.a.li  y.:nv  ■,{  [mt>m.s.  <I 


i'>i'iiar''iiu 


'""'1-    '""'    "I"!''    'Ill'   "iluT   1^    1.1111-    lillr.l    an.l    (Inc.L      Ii 


ini,'rr  In  pirinnn 


sonic  iiiilis,  where  It   t.'iko 

tvvu  iiu-ii  eaii   handle  three  |}I■{•s^e-.       () 

attends  In  the  tillinL;  and   wa-hitv,  1 


e\'ele  n{ 


n  lafL^e  iilant-.  t 


done  li\    '  h 


pfes-men,    wdin   reeeue   al 


ipefaliun- 

le  >llll'tdMis 

Ut   (III   siilallef  one,  tills  is  aK, 

diout   .'-;j.s(l 


he  I  tin 


>■  oeeuj.led  m  tillm-  a  press  depends  ,,n  tl 


^"I'i   '"1    '111'    pressuiY    Used       A-   a    rul 


piT  Miitt    I  if  elL^dit 
le  Illaleflal 


a  pa'.ssuie  .it   trnin  (10  to   |(l()  p, 


in     from 
for  frmii    1. 


.'(•      to      mi 


tinnute: 


W 


.    tile   pnlp   Is   loreed    under 

■  n,    aiiij    Ilk'  press    is  !il]e<l 

i^li      water    is     then     used 


th 


lo   •-'..   niitnnes.   and    -eiierajh^   eonipivssed    air   to   di 


r  sliiiie  is  admitted  fur  alioul    III 


lion 


s,    illeludillL;-    the    dis 


arL;iiis^    a 


in  aliout  t'Ao  hours.      Tints.  ,,1  M 


tllimiles;  t  h,.  ttill  e\a-]e  of  <ipera- 
eaniiiL;,    iieuiL;    eonijileted 


nd    e! 


eiizies.  t  Wo  nun.  usim/  t  wi 


laiKlle    seven     ehar; 


in    an    (  iiditdKiur    shift  . 


tons  lit 


or    aliout 


short 


ir\-  simie 


he  hea\-\-  lahor  eost   is  due  eiiietl\-  to  the  dlliieu] 


nd    ol    the    fesi.iues,    tl 
ha\e  to  he  hauled  some  dist 


'  V   of  LTettllU 


•eessarih-   i^reeted   ill   a   llat   desert 


qiensl\-e  item  wluil  luel  e.isi.;  tp.ni 


lesc  ari    taken   awa\-   in   ears  and   fre(|uentlv 

'I'l'  on  whieji  the  mill 

I'ower  IS  also  an 


lllee  o\er  t  hi 


tlat 


■•^li  to  .S7  .■(!  per  eord.  and  water 
"i-li'-      Oil  '.Ih'  other  hand,  the 


lor  hoiliTs  iias  to  lie  , 
nifthnd  eould  lie  Used 
plcnlihil    s,,,,,,iv    ,if   water,    as    the    residues    eould    lie   sluieed 


eeonoiiiualh-  m  a  disirut   wdiere  tl 


lefe  was  a 


ami   water  .  nuld  Ih 
for  eonij.ressiii..^r  air 


d   t. 


iply  j.ouer  hotli  for  aj^iiatiL 


ii  and 


Ct   late   it    has  Keen     he  custom   t( 


presses  instead  of 


iiiipresseil  air.  as  1 


IS  (lone,  a   lari 


isc  i)um]is  for  tillin.L,'  t  he 
I  mi,'  eluajier.  liut  when  this 


■•■  air-ehanilier  must   l,e  added  X< ,  pn.duee  as  stead\ 


a  jiressiire  a.s  pi  issil 

'I'lie   Diehl   process,   which  involves  the  si 
lias  lieeii  I'mployed  with  ,^'reat 


ties. 


lis   descrihed    hrad'l 


imin',^  ..f  all   the  on 
nieeess  at  some  of  the  lari,'e  prope; 


V   is  as    toll, 


TiK  and  amakMinatiiiL;,  is  sized,  the  tine  slj 


a^jitation  vats,  and  tl 


lie  ore.   atter  i  rush 
ime  ,1,'oini,'  ilireet  to  tht 


re-j,'nndim,e      Th 


arsi'  sjind  .uoin,-  to  timt  or  Uil.e-mill 


product   troni  tl 


material  ret 


iriie.i,  tile  line  L'liini. 


which  only  receive  M 


s  tor 

ese  is  aijain  sized  and  the  eoaise 
as  l.'efore,  to  the  ai'italion  \ 


.'ats, 


le  ore  atter  it   i- 


agitated   wit 


1    eyanide   solution    for   a 


1,'rouiid  t(i  shine.      it  is  ther 
lieriod    varying,'   from    l»i  tc 


I-II.I  l:l<-l'l<l:^^     I 'R. Mil  CI-: 


21 


IK'III'^,    tlu'Il 


:i  snlmii.n  III'  1 


tinn  rMiitimif.]  tor  a  lurthcT 


nmiM-cyanidc  is  aihlnl  an.l  tl 
iH-ri'id.  attrr  \vl 


11'  ai/ita- 


lifcssfi  1 
in   W, 


IKil  tlic  uiiolc  is  lil 


iis   nirllin,],   nn   t):r   whulr,    has  l,ccn   l„.r||i 


^IiTii   Au^trali 


tcr- 

y    SUcci'SsfuI 


"as  the  niiK'  .  uu 


p-s.,1 


wim-ii    ha'l   a.  i  nmulalcil    in    liic   scttl 


'^Vl^t;   to   tiir   prculiar  loral   ron.jitions, 
'ii  inaiiN-  cases,  slinic  has  Ihth  trcatcl 


lars  to  a  'mix 


liis   is    tak 


>  :■-     1)1    \>.  hiili   th 


<.\ani.|r    soiiition,    after    whirh    t  ii 
same  as  pre'/i.  mslv  ileseril.e.h 


<■  slime  is   fhorcM  -hlv   hrok 


treatment,    of 


en   in 
en    lip   ill 


course.    IS    tht 


CVAXIDATIOX   OF  (0.\C-K\TRAT1-: 

l^V     l-kAM   Is      I     n,,Hs,,x 

^l■"tl'HMI\    .1,     HHJl,) 

It    1^    ,i^rnrrall\^    h,.],!    that    <;>],]    -.s    it    ,.vi   ,  ^ 
,■  '■'ii!i(i,   till-  iflalnr  ass<Hiatinii  ,  ,i'  th,.    .,-,...    i 

'■'■'' '■^''■'^■'•- '■'■'-'•-'■ ''•'---'-M„.,a,;..':,;  it 

^'"    -■x.rssnv   rn„M„npti..„    ,„    ,.-„,„,]>.    a,„l     .  n  ■       /''"'' 

snlntintis,  •  '"'  '   '""'''Mi'-nt    ...uhnir  ,,,■ 


In   thr  case  ,,( 


'if   tlir    \ai-iMUs 


l\t'i'.   the  (iuc-ti.iti 


i--   natural 


^T'M's  a>  to  i.-,.    „,|ul,il,t> 


'  lUI'lTllccs     ot'    t  1],.     ,,,,.,  .,1     .,        ,,.11  1  " 

.■^v.«, .,,,,,,,,,, ,,..ia,„,,„, ..„,,,,,,,,,,,,  :::,;::„■;;;;'' 

s :::::.::rt :;:''"-  "": - - m- 

'  '''.-.'■llMIl,  t'UI        ^IH'i'I'^        '(till, 11. I        i   ,-.  t        I 

sonirttnir^    ,,.    hi^h    a<    -il)'        .,'v   ,-  '"'  nu,lnti      .nntauis 


ni'  rir<t  nicnu.  m,.,].  n 


itnv  siKiT,  IS  SM  slnuK-  s..kiM. 


sil\-cr   l)v   (  \- 


:'    nirnnrous   ,„„assir   rx-ai,i,lr       Thr  .x 


""'I''    l!-"ni    ai-rmiti'nais   i^alcnuc. 


xtrarlioii    iif 


i--   a    !ir..l.lcii 


1    \il 


'""    "'     "'    <"nrrntratc    ul.tainni    fn.iii    , 


I'f    iru>^licil    l,v 


)'\.\/i>.\r/ii\  !>/■■ 


f  "\'(  !:\  I  KA  1 1-: 


23 


<■■  I  itimi'nish 


extnii.-ii  III     (jf     sir 


pass    a    :,()  iiirsli 


Th 


till-     0.)      ,), 


i\s      Willi      (I 


It      ihc     >ih 


I"    iiiairri.-il     wa-    tn-alc  1 


-"liiti  'II.        Ai 


K( 


was    olitaincl. 


an     extra.  I i  >r-,     ,,(     \\\ 


<\      til 


t'  iiK'tais  uiTo  prf(i[)iiatci 


'f      tlie     tMta!     \-al 


1):)X:  tl) 

all  (if  t 


I'  c 


lean-up  eheikeil  uit 


-^iiie  sha\iii"  II 


I  tile  extraci 


111' 

■iain   /nii- 


le  Zinc  was  nil 


1  'tis  I'alle.l   tMl-  1 


One  hunilreil  j 


tnesli  Sen 


lleeil   with  ac  1,1 
Kiunds  (if  eontentrai 


>\'  assa\- 


en.  were  treate. 


e.  re-t,rruui|,]  ti 


pa-~>  a    IIIO 


aO.; 


eyanide    solution,    f 


.y  a-itatMH  in  a  ivv.,h,,i^  i,.,,,,,,  ,,„ , 


inj;    solution    daiU 

the  si  I 

the    R 

result. 

Kranis 


""    ei.L,'!it    .la\s.    ,| 


lie    extraiti'in 


•'I'lntin-    aii.l    rcn, 


ver  and  <M1  of  tl,c  mo1,|       j  |„,| 
■-.^'iMund    eoiKxntrate    wou],l    | 


lined    was 


nil 


of 


ie\e  mat   M)  da\-s'  1, 


uciniiL:  of 


le  eyanide  i  (iiisiini|it 


ia\e    L.'i\-en    an 


e'|Uall\- 


■  ton.     TI 
tour  kil-iyranis  siK-er  and 


1'"""    '"    l"'tli    t'-ls   uas   sc'v.'n    kil. 


I 


e  eoneenlratr   was   lo\v--ra, 
'it  1,'rains  n.  ,1,1 


am   now   runnin-   a    tc-t 


e.   assa\ii 
l-'T  inetvi,    ,,,„ 


aliotit 


eliari,'e 


U 


)ld.      Sil 
•in,;,'     leaelied 


I'oneentrate, 
Ver  1  xist- 


"1    ni>"    lal.oratorx- 


a>--a\inL;   !.'() 


HI    a    Id,  i-kih 


an  exi'essiv 

in,!'    tlu 


ni    tile  eoih'einral.'  ,  iiielK 


•Mimin.     S,i    f 


~il\ev  aii,l    l:, 


witli      II. 


arL;eiitui 


It  i~ 


•-••■onsumpti'in  of  eyanide.  an,l  alt 
■xlraeti^m    of    sJKct    was   -d 


ir   it    d' 


n.ii     sliow 


er  -,\cii  ,!a\- 


or    SIX    ;v 


Hi- nil     L'U 


eeks.    the 


Ot        the        L,'r,l,l  [ 


result  with  that 


extraetion     i< 
eaiiiiiiL;     is     <ij| 


.\lt( 
•">■>'  ,   of    thi     -i!\  ,!• 


,-in,|    SI)' 


I 


^peet    a   liki 


"'''.■liiicl  in  the  same  t 


iim:    on.       (' 


imparin-      this 


this  ma\- 


wl 


extraeti.. 
-eem   to   1„.  an 


"lie  in   tlie  HI)  ,la\-.-  Kaeh 


'vith   three  m,,„,||.s-   l^aeh 


At 


len  you  eon^ 


cent  of 


ider  that   fr. 


■'■'i"i,^'l.\-  Ion--  time  of 


Urst 


'111  ores  ill  this 


treatment,   hut 


(■"neentrate  1,\    \\i-v^]a  n\ 


>;i'll|>.    less      tll.lll    on,-    |nl 


t"  our  e\aiiide  mills  uill  t:  ' 
the  ease  o;  the  (i 


is   <ilitaille,l, 


small  a.Mni 


•  are  o|  ,,ur 


iianauiato  .\[j 


we  are  erieiini 


nes  ^v  R,.,] 


ti'iia!   \ats  will   lian.ll 
better  to  put  in  tiiree  \at.s 
will  allow  f, 
leaehitisj;. 
\'.ilhont     ill!  erf, 


an  I  \ats  eat'h  of  :,.-,( | 


Ill-Ions 


"leelltrate  output.       In 

Hiipane's  j.lant. 


UetMIl   ('- 


e.apa,-it\ 


d,li 


'•  coneentrate.  alth,,„^||   „    ,vill   ,!oul.tless  h, 


one  hall  th 


r  SIX  weeks'  ,  ,,1 


e  size  (,t  n\\r  -<an,l- 


eet'Il"  of 


Th 


he    s;in,l-iiii||    s,,l„t 


eoiiccnivat 


loll    <  an    1j- 


e  an,l  three  month 


d    to,-   tl 


(•.ill   tak,-   I,!, 


ei-  in    tl 


■Hid      tr.-atiiient.       Tl 


ns    purjiose 


e  san,l-solui,,,n   /in,--!, 


>■    precipitation 


■'''  "pinion  th.-it 


'■'i''iia.iu.ito,listn,-t  n-ill  1 


eoneelltrate   fr,,ni  .,tli, 


e  less  anii-ii.-ilil..  i. 


•r  ores  of  th- 


L'l 


h' /■:(/■:. XT  (  VAX//)/.;  I'KMIU  E. 


of  >>...:   .nns..,,.,..,,,!...   „    tlu-   .x.nuli..,,    .a„    1.   ..htainoi, 


n.v..ssanlv  ,au<,.  slow,.,-  ,|,tiusi,,„  „,  sdutinn 

Th.l„.s,   "-.i.,.,i,,f,,va„„.  „ur..,„..„tra,..  ,.  l.U.lvtol.. 

i-,     <.,,.,..,,,  v.,,,.nd.„,,.. as.san,,    fun,. 

f.^  n    tl„.  .n,u.n,vau.-loadn„,  .i„  ,,,  „,„at,v  ,,.,,,,.1,  l,ut   n    will 
n-'t   la-  as  Inni,'  as  th,-  Icn.L^th  ,,t   tnatniont  su.nvst^ 


iar,.r  ,.u-t  .f  tlu.  .xtnu-,,n„  wiin.  nl,,a,n..l  ,„  ,lu.  .arl,,.,-  ,,.n., 
^      -!„n,.a„, Uh.hull^.   wmi.  n.,,v..n.,las,^ 
in  tile  rcLjular  clran-up. 


t^,    Ipciaiisf   tlu' 
1 


"lie    Hditur 


FIXE  r.RixDixr, 

Ktliruiiry  .1    lyor.^ 


tin 


^'■r      In  \hv  tii>.(  ussii.n  cjti  tl)i>  MiLjcit  i 
■r    l»i   and   jann,-,r\    l'7.   M'\,Tal   intnvsti 


n  your  issuer 
n.i,'    (|ncstii]n> 
>■    ,L,'nn,lin,-    ncTssan-    i,,    iIk^    \u^^\u'<.\    extramnn    1,n 


tim 


^nn.lini,'     iini.n.\-,'     aniak'ainati 


M  I'lTt-ni- 


Nani'lt.' 


(-■onitntTrial    itsuIk    nhtanuMi    I,\-    f 


(If  finiti 


""    "t    thr    icrni    will    1 


■fiiif  .urindin;,''  ]■■ 


lie    ,L,'nndiiiL 
far    anijMil\-jn,L;-. 


■M; 


re    \hv 


K'St 

m's 


^rnfrall\-   umlcrstcj,,,!   i 


nimuii.,n  ,,t  the  inill-tailm-  thmuoh    l,-|)Mnrsl 
usual  null  treat nunt  I 
All  the  partic-,  t<i  this  <] 
tile  ctli-i'tix  (.-ness  o 


In    tins    cduntrx- 
'  mean  a  sriMn,lar\-  roin- 


\'  amalu'aination  and 


1   "!■  Inirf,   after  tiit 
>  "iicmtratinn.  i,r  li.jth 


IsrusMMii    seem    Im    lie   ,  ,\ 


eeiindarv   ,1,'rnidnu 


wliu  IS  apparonilv-  not  a  \ 


'•piiiiMii  a>  t( 
l^\en  Mr    l)M\,t()ti 


i'r\    warni  adv.i.atr  of  th 


iV\     nnphralinn.    that    it    aids   ,xt 


f   s\stein. 


•w  install 


fart    then   that 
f: 


i-fs  eotnincreiallx-   |.n,litatik-.      h 


faction.   Imt    i>   ,,nl\- 


SlflllS    to    1 

ivannlr  solution-  will  viehl  the  hii^rlu  st 


roni   ()nel\    enislie.l   niateriaL      Tl 
tliat    the    tart 
evani(iin'r. 


m    a 
V    a    settled 
extraetion 


le  exeeptKitis  to  thi> 


are 


ateh- 


so  rart' 


I'Cjltt 


f   tl 


t; 


■ft'eet     of     ( 


iiH'    ^^rindinj,'    on 


whuii.    iuriousl\-    enou,i;h,    has    I  een    tl 
i-eceni     ie\-elo|,nients  in  exanidin.r. 


as   one    o 


anialf.;aniation 


le    axioms   (it 


a    suhjeet 


when    ..nial.i^'anialionis  used  after  t  he  ( 


irusl    into    iM-onnnencc    In 
o  not  know  o|  an\-  instanet 


ation;     aithoindi   it 


iiK-  umidin,:.;  or  slinii 


m  South   Afrit 


is   said   to   ha\- 
K 


ii.l;  oper- 


<-■    lieeii    triei 


fa   an. I   in    K,,rea.        I    think   it    has   l^vn    tl 


H-nee  ot  milkmen  that   erushm.;  tiner  il;:.n  tl 


li   sonie   suecess 


cxper- 


itional    :U) 


le  appro\( 


In   the   (iollljcdd   (1 
eoarsest   of  the   M 


'ir    4()-nush    rather    himk.rs    -han    aids 


and  trad- 


isinet,   .\e\aiia,   th 


('   practice   is  ti 


in^tonand  Hr\  an  mills,      T 
C'haracteristii  all\-    red, 
lo  release  1 


)  or  L'O-niesh   jiroduct    from   th 


amalgamation. 

re-crush   tlu' 

(■  stamjis  in   Hunt- 


and  D.J-  use  of  Ian 


tif  mineral  mike. Id, d  j,i  th 


lis    has    the    effect    ,,f    kriLihienniL,'  tht 
^■olored   j,'oI(l   «f  the   district,   as    v.vll    ■,. 


c  coarse  [lartu 


ini,'  has  keen 
atioii.   in   r;i>;e 


,'(-•  anialLiainatinf,'  plates  after 


k's  of  (juarlz. 


ot  distinct    advant 


a,t,v,      Mv  kelief 


the  seconii  crush- 
is  tliat    am; 


iiijam- 
aiiiaie   rea,iii\     and 


_'ll 


A7-:c/-;.v7-  (  r.i  \7/'/-.  /Vv.w  i  h 


HTi-  a--i.nisliiiiy  IS  11 


i  Ii'.  may  \>v  lust 
in  till-  i-asf  (if  ti-e  ( 


itcssarv  for  tlic  hii^' 
tarrji'il   im   in    iw,)  siai 


K'st  uxirattidii 


>\   i\  an- 


DinliinaiMii  mil 


•-■sjxcially  wY.vx 


It  C 


liii's  ni)i    nil 


(lllrl.l 


tl 


U'      as 
f  SCCUIllI  iTiish- 


w 


imi  speaks  of  ■■/idl-  ifrindin 


iKv  till'  ore  tc.  fiiur  than   4()-tiusli.     Whin   .M,-. 


tl:c  lii,i,'lK'st  cxtraot 


I' 


i\cn  a 


ion 


K'oM  ores, 
amali^'. 


ainalLiamation  ami 


lit'  implies  that  it  i 


imation. 


It 


s  now  t-onsidrrcd 


Iirf-rrijuisiti'  for 
lyanidf  Icachim,'  of 


in  I'ssential  to 


"olll 


.1 


instanif 


wl 


n-    llltrlTslmi,'    t.)    kilo 


\v 


of  tin 


ii-n-iii  tins 


M 


o\  <-toli 


hii/l 


IirattK'e  lias  improvnl 
IS  on  fine  tjrindi 


spinal 


amalijamation. 


1   ixtniititin    as   i 


with   sonx- 
iountr\'  an 


omniiniallv    nni 


'i.u'.  disiivdi tinier  i 
irofitaMf.    will    |,c 


i-:i  Oro: 
till'  Li!. 


suri)nsi' 
1  in    .M 
•Mr.  Hutti'i> 


li\'    companus   now 


usin.!^'   tulii'-niil 


C'XllO. 


*r\rral 


SUl'l 


lis  aid  to 
ri-ri-i\iMl 


in    tins 


1  mills  ari 


is  install 


r,v  Hi 


in'^'  thrill  on  his  .\I 


111   opiratiiin   at 


ixuaii 


ml 


"nipaiiy  at    Ti 


Itiruk' 


,  ( 


propn-tR.j 


(onipany  at 


(' 


ai'iiai-.-ntly  at   a  eost 


Ki'indiii!,'  is  a  lomn; 


ihtornia.   haw  tuK'-mills  in  <, 
pt-r  Ion   which  justities  their 


cn-ial 


propirtii-  ahovf  naiik-d. 


in  .\ust 


o|orad(j,  and  the  Stand- 


pi-ratioii. 
If   line 


ralia 


;iiii| 


at    th 


I'  \anous 


h;. 


iVl-  I  ten 


Old  merits. 


Oh 


tiona!  !,'rini 
If  si 


s(i  t. 

will  , 


I  nil  111^ 


lUlL 

a   s_' 


will 


viously.   the   ],rol 


lissimilar  ores,  ii    ni 


u> 


italil 


eiie: 


of   this 


ilepend  in  eaeh  ea^ 


will 


■n  the  niar,i,'in  of  ^axini 


raise    the   extra. iion    i.v 


Ille    oprration    eo>ls    ."() 


e\-aiiide    from 


pa\        Hut   if  siu  h 


>■•   per  ton,   lrlan]f,^th■   it 


It 


/// 


an  inercase  o|  saving,'  is  iiiadi 


ni  SKI 


-limatjiiL;  the   val 


lie  ot   a 


pen. 
in  fin 


so    iiianv     inherent 


IpoSSll.le     to     i,n 
>.    the   sii, 
londition^ 


t'neral 


m 


'it   \\'hii  h  iini-,t   (k 


e  ,i,'riii(linL;  has  1 


.M\ 


thou,L;h   I 


eeii  soiiu-what   happier  tlian  .Mi-    |)u\rt 


iperieni'e 


lave  not  had 


must   aiimit   that,   while  an  ad\. 


on  s 


injL;-pan. 


W 


from   expi'i-ini.  ninl 


oeeasion  until  reeentl\-  t<i  install  a  tul 
•at  knowled-e  I  ha\e  of  th 


'ea'e  ot    this  nieihod. 


e-rni! 


,'rind- 


e  suNji  ei  has 


w.  ,rK 


in.ni    a\ailaMe 


■en  '^atlien 

'  inl~ 


''"'""':';';■    /"^"•"■•'"-'   ^■'■""ve,o„ha.drawnh,.e„„eh,.,on 


Irom  nlial.l 


ri  Miit~ 


that    is 


troiii    lair  test- 


"v<  r  a  eonsiderahle  p  ri.id.     OhxiousI 


to  < 


let 


I'rmire 


't   ireatii 


(Hi     Woul 


intereste 


>■  a   ireri 
not    1.,- 


a    wurkitiLf 
■Nlirii 


a  I   test 


11  m  this  inij.onant    -ul.irei 


hlM\  e 


itieallv  from  Mr,   1 ), 


pkuils  resortiiiL;  to  lim 


\eion  the  rases  m  whieh  h 
^niLlmi:  on  a  scale  Ian 


Jad  to  know  spcr- 
e  met  Willi  failure 
,'<   enough  to  afford 


h'lM:  i;ri\iii\<;. 


nliaMr  .lala       Smli   mtnnnatioii   U(,ul.l   I,,'  ,,|  s,,.,ial   \ah:r  at   tlu' 
lii'i-^iiit  tunc. 

In  th,-  trvatiiam  ,,|  mK^.,-  ,,ivs  !,v  i\ani.lcl  am  .It>.jM  ,scm1 
'"  '•''^>'  •'  '!ii'l'll<-  LM-ouml  I  (  nwni  ilu-  cxi  nir.f  \i,'\vs  \:vl\  !,\-  M,- 
Wann  an. I  Mr  I),.\,.i,,n  .\i^ilali,,n  ,,|  tinrl\'  .  hisIkmI  s.Ivvr  u,vs 
t-r  tlu'  Inn:;  ,,rri,..|  u.uallv  r,-.|„nv,l  t,  „■  llir  l,rM  .xt  ra,!,,,!,  is  ,„ 
must  fisrs  nrillirr|,ra,  Ural. !<■  ii,,r  rruii.,nnral.  In  li;,.  trratnuiit 
"'  ^"•■''  '""•■^  '  'i''^'-  "I'lainr.I  the  Lot  mnini.-ivia'  f,  Milt.  l.\-  :v- 
i;ni,.lin,,  f.  a  liiu-  .an.l  ,.i(l  ,,;■  s(i  nv.lr  an.l  Ira.lun.^  tin.  [,P.liu-l 
tn.in  I.",  lu  211  ,!a\s,  at'cTa  raiMul  m  ].arat  i.,n  nt  tl,.-  -!in  r  Thf 
l-uiv  -Iin.r,  l.v  ivas.,n  .,f  the  t,,u'  Mate  .,t  .ln-,s„,n  uf  tlu'  nnn,  ral 
d.H-s  n..t  HMiuitv  ni,„v  than  ihr.r  .„■  I..iir  .lavs'  a-itati..n  U,y  tlu- 
I'lSt     i"i  -nils 

■Mr,  l).,xvt..n  wills  liii:,|\  att<>nli.,n  l.,  tin-  I^lai-.U  i!  apparatus 
f.ir  .nipt  Mil-  an.]  Iillin-  tanks,  an.l  |,.r  carrvm-  .an.l  tr..ni  .,11,. 
tank  t.,  an,,il:rr.  Tl...  „:,  rus  ,,f  tins  svsImi,  tn.n,  all  |..„nts  ,,| 
vi.'W  «riv  tru..l  tm.l  |.i-.,vr.l  at  the  l^attel■s  plant  at  \-n-niia  Citv 
'  '""  "i'"ni;,..l  that  tu,.  lai-r  .  \an;.l.'  ph.nts  n-.w  ,„  ,.  .urs,-  i.f 
Mv.tL.ii  111  Mexh..  aiv  I,,  h,.  r.|uipp,  ,1  uiih  tins  apparatus,  as 
uvll  as  th.'  lU'W  .-,1111  t,„i  .■..aiu.lr  plant  ,,f  the  T..n.,p  ,h  .Miniti-  C,,, 
at  T..n.,pali.  .Vrva.la.  In  .hstri.ts  wh,  iv  \hv  pruv  ..|  lah..r  is' 
i.n.'h.  ..r  whriT  rhcap  lal:..r  is  uiuvrlain  an.l  unrrlialK'.  as  ,n  j.arts 
<■;   .Mrxu...  tin-   N-ahic  <,f  iiUTlianisni  .,t   tins  s„rt    ,s  in.ahulablc, 

Thr  r\-..luti.,n  ..f  sltnic  (iltrnn«  is  .,nr  ..f  tlir  tr.,st  im.nvstint; 
ut  rcrrnl  .K'\vl,.pir,rnts  Filtcr-iuvssrs  sxvrv  nr\rr  p..pular  or 
inuih  usc.l  in  Anirru-a.  The  M,,.„v  pr.Hvss,  at  first  nistallr.i  at 
\hv  C. .1,1,11  (lati-  null  at  .Mnvur.  L'tali.  was  s,  „  ,„  .li,srar.!.,l.  hut 
was  latrr  iiitr<..lu(f.l  at  thr  Lundl.cr-  cV  [),irr  mill  at  Trri-\-.  S..utli 
Dak.jta,  at  the  Lil.>  rt  v  Hi'll  mill  m  (.•..h.ra.i...  an.l  at  the  Stan.iard 
C.j  s  mill,  at  li,„ii,..  .-aiitnrnia.  At  all  ,,f  thrs.-  pla. vs  it  is  said 
t..  h^-  ..prratinK  su.  .vsstuilv,  Cassrl  mt  r..,iu-.  ,1  an  iinp,.rlant 
m,,.iirirali..n  <.t  tlu-  .M.,„iv  i.lt.n-  l.v  prartirallv  ivvrrsjn-  the 
npcration.  that  is.  o.nxcvm.i,'  the  pulp  an.l  tlu-  vancus  s.,lutinns 
t-i  a  Ih.x  carrvin,-  stall, mar\-  (iltcrs.  mstca.l  ..f  sliiftini:  tlu-  niters, 
as  in  the  .M-huv  s.lu-nu-.  The  merits  ,)t  these  tw..  tvpes  .,t  filters' 
w,-r,-  thoniu-hly  invest i.^jati-.l  at  Virginia  Citv.  wl„-r,-.  attvr  .sev- 
eral ni.inths  ,it  ,juKt  an.l  <  anu-st  w.jrk.  the  Hutters-Cass.-j  Miter. 
s..  ealled.  was  finallv  ev..lve.l.  This  is  n..w  m  use  at  tlu-  Hulters 
j.lant.  where  i:,(l  tuns  of  slinu-  p,-r  .ia.\-  are  l.eini:  tiltere.l  at  .-; 
cost    ot     11,'e,    per   ton.      The    svsteni    is    v,-rv    simple    an.l    w,,rks 


2x 


Kl-A  l:\  I    (   \'.1A7/'/-.    I'K  \i   //(  /,. 


with  a  o.nviii.  ,„w  s„„„,il,n,'s.  an.l  i.nri.iM,,  ul,i>  h  appral  ai  n„cc 
to  Ilir  practical  CSV  Ai  the  :.,i;i  ,4  the  Cntnl-matiun  .M,n,.s  (\, 
'"  '■"I'l'K'l'l.  tln^  prM.v-,s  IS  l„.m-  iiisiaHc-.l  I,,  tivat  ID  tuns  ,,\ 
hi.u'h-.:;ra.k'  shin.^  p.r  ,hiv  Thc^  tih.r-prv,,  wh)rh  has  !„.,.„  ,„ 
scrviu'  for  scvc-ral  months  will  !„■  .lisrank.l  a^  tc,  cxp,  nsn.'  m 
'ijicratc' 

l"iv\\l|N     1,       Bmsmi    I 

San  I'rainiscci.    |aiiiiar\'  _'7.   I'tOO. 


FIX!'    C.RIXDIXG 


Thr    I  uiiinl.iiiiuiis   lit    M,  s^|■^     Hi.~i|ui    ami    Dnxctcii    ,,n    tins 
intcroimj,'   suhject    nii-ln    to  elm!    furilur   usdul    >ll^.^^^^j,,tl       A 
k'W  ilutinitKHis,  MI-  at  Ira-t  ,  an  a^rri  iiu'nt  as  to  the  pn  (  isc-  nuaiiuii; 
uf  tlif  ttTTiis  (iiiplMM  il,  niav  pn  M-m  i  nnt'iisioii       Mr    |I,.iir\    Luuis. 
prutrsscir  (.1  niininu'    a!    llic    Durliam    ('nllr'^c  of  Si  I'.iuf,  lia>   >ui,'- 
iiCSlvl    that     \\r    llsr    sprrjlic    tiTins    to    drsiTllic    the    variolic    statues 
of  ,L;nii.lin,L;.     hi-eakiii'^''  to  l,r  eontinni  to  loarM'  l.nakiiii;  of  rrudr 
otv:  ■ini^liiiiL,''  tor  sinahrr  dniNi.m  li\'  picssiin'  or   mipaet ,  X'nnd 
mil'  f"i-  .  otiiniinniion  l.\   altntioii.      Thi'  idea  of  teehnieal  Iitiik  is 
not   to  iiiMnt  new  or  hi'.,'h-soinidin<^'  wonis.lmt    t.j  ,,eiure  precision 
\,v  KIM"'-;  mdiMdrial    word^  a   parti,  ular  diit\,      ■Re^nnduiK'  and 
'sliinin-'   are   olten    use  1   interehanK'':dily,    hut    the\-   do    ii.,t     refer 
to   an    identual   pnne--:    re-'.,'nndin.t,' i;  an  intermediate    operation 
whuhotien  im-cedes  the   hnal  reduction    to  slinie.     Two  separate 
lirodtuts   ar.'    made    som. -times,  as     m     the   e\amclation    of    sil\er 
ores,  m   the  !  Wo  operat  lolls  referred  to;  m  other  eases  onh'  one   |iro.l- 
uc  I      IS    ohtained     I.v    a    two-sta^e      proeess.      .\s     to     'sand'     and 
■shnie',    we    ha\c'    had    a    ycjod    dc-al    of   ,le\-er   disseetion    of    these 
term.--,:   the   last    word  of     precision    was    >aid   when    slinie   was  de- 
fini'd.   l.e  Mr,  A.  \V,  Warwick,  as  a  colloid   h\drate:    1,ut    ihisisthe 
chemist  s   not    the    imllman's    point     of    view.      To    th.e    nnllman, 
■sand'  and  slinie'  exjri-ss  a  condition  and  not  a  tlieor\-,      I'ornierlv 
a  pnjcluel    ot    extreme    puh crization,  so    tinel\-    eomininuied  as  to 
he  unleachahle,  was  eallecl   -slime'.      Hut  wi- lia\  c  ilianKed  all  that; 
Hltt-nn,-    has     heen    so    de\elopc-d    that    scjlutions    eaii    he     foreed 
throu-h    maten    I    once    regarded    as    impernu-ahle.    and    slinu-    is 
willtullv     made     he-cause     the     extreme     suhdivision    of     particles 
which  It    n,   ■■■sents  is  favorahle  to  luiick   solution  m    the  presence 
of  certain  chemicals,   .sucli    as   potassium    c\anide. 

Slime  is  no  lon^t  :•  an  unlc-achalde  product.  \Vc-  Iiave  returned 
io  the  old  cietinition  which  clejiendecl  on  sizin.c;,  and  for  th.e  mo 
ment  the  arhitrarv  limit  is  |.")()-mesli,  simjilv  ht  cause  that  decree 
of  comminution  is  found  hv  practice  to  aue  the  hest  results  in 
the  [iresencc  of  two  i-conomic  factors,  the  cost  of  reducintj  the  size 
oi   uie  panic  ies  an.i  tti,-  time  recjuircd  tor  solution  ot  tilt-  precious 


:{!) 


KI-'   l:\  I     (    )     W/DI:    I'K  \t    I  I,    /, 


tmtals  I'mU.ss  ,„a^lr  s„iii,u,ulx  Miiall.  I l;i'  i-yani.k.  ranii-.i  ^ft 
at  th.'  i^.il.i  .luaM.l  m  tli,  ,|uan/  M,  ,,nu-hil,  San.l'  .Mntimifs 
t'>  \'r  \hv  granular  pn,.!,,,  t,  uitli  sharp  r.l^v^.  ,,a.l,N  pnvulal.k- 
l.y  solutions.  Tlr  i,  ,i.|,n.  v  is  t,,  .l.iTi'asr  111,-  pr..p,.rtinn  n\ 
t!iis  proihict  l,\  iv-nii^lMi-  ,i  i,,  i|i,'  ruiisisinu  ,■  .,f  slmi,-.  S,,,  h 
•san^l-  whrii  iv-,uMnun,l  i.,  |.-|Mnrsli  ,s  ,„.i  M,,,;,.'  i„  ti^.  ^-v,  s  ,,t 
a  niun.si..pisi.  I,r>ans,.  li,,  pait„lrs  aiT  sharp,  tlicv  aiv  net 
<-.)Il.)i,l;  \.u\  \hv  ,\ani.lr  ,  xp,  ri  uhn  kn..«sall  ih.sr  thin-s.  will 
call  this  pnuliKi  -shn;,'  iiisi  as  in, ah  as  thr  ,  La\  nr  ,iiu.!  proiliuvd 
III  Iht'  trst  instaiirr  iron,  ih,,.  s.,tt  al,ip,ni.,us  ,,r  tr|,l,.pal  liir  roil- 
stiturnts  ,.1  thr  urr.  It  ,s  'slm;.-  lu  him  h>  .  avis.,  he  u'invs  it  tlif 
trrali.i.tit  al!.,lr,l  lu  shti:,  ,  1„  <„hrr  uunls.  sati.i  an.]  ■slmir" 
aiv  two  tiiill  pf,„liMs  .  thrv  arr  ,„„  las,,]  ,,„  nuc-  ,  hrtiMral  or 
physn-al  (l.stinrtiutts  ami  ih.v  srrx,-  -luir  pr,  snit  purpusf. 
Anvthtn.L;  tmrr  than  |-(ltn,sh  is  ,!„„,■.  atnlhmL;  ...a.-M-r  than 
lllll-nirsh  Is  san.l.  anMhui-  l.rtUTrii  is  an  a,,i,|riitai  li\ -prn,iiKt . 
'  ''■^'''i     "'1     l'"'    'nic    s,„.„ti|i,.    .listin.  tiMii.     \\r    rxpr.t   to    st  t- 

"■'Icil  a-  i\aiiiil.'  jira.ticv  \v''<<\v.vs  funh.cr  .lt.\rl- 


15.111 

these  t(  rins  (ii<;(  ,• 


i-i.\i-:  (i id XI) IXC, 

I  l-i  I  nr;ir>    17      Mini. 

Till'  Kdiiur  ; 

Sir  As  one  who^c  i'X])i'rii-mt'  in  oiv-i,'nnilin},'  Iu-;,'an  'Mi  vtais 
a«o  ami  who  sul>si(|iKiitly  lias  l)n.-n  almost  uninti-rniptc-tlly  assoc- 
iaiol  nitli  it,  1  am  ]ikasr(l  that  intcn-st  siinis  to  he  taken  in 
the  ]«iiMu-  liisi-ussion  of  the  siilijcit.  It  is  he  lioju'd  that  a  gen- 
erous spirit  will  ]iri\ail  ami  no  liitteniiss  enKemkivd. 

With  some  ores,  values  art'  prettv  well  released  without  \ti\ 
tiin.'  eoinniinution.  while  I  helieve  that  we  of  the  Unitid  Males 
have  generally  erre<l  in  not  making'  our  pulp  fine  enouj,'h.  Oiu- 
piilio  nei.i;hliors  to  the  south,  of  us  have  alwavs  in  the  jiasi  exeelU  d 
our  work  in  that  respei  i .  They  havi-  heen  content  wiih  tluir 
.slow-jjoin}.;  .imislrrs  ami  unniodernized  Chilean  mills,  in  wiiieh  the 
coarser  particles  settle  to  the  ctTeetivi'-crusJiini,'  /one  while  t|-.. 
finer   iianieK>    tloai    ahoxe 

W'v  larly  evol\(  d  tic  pan.  uitli  a  faster  ir.oiidn.  to  ^vnil 
as  well  as  toanial.i^'amate.  l.ui  in  thi-  i  here  is  no  scstematie  .sek  ctioii 
of  the  particles  ninst  needed  h.  p;is>  tie  '^rindiiii,'  surfaces.  1  he 
pan  served  tlu'  purpose  when  we  kne\v-  no  luttcr.  and  stran^'e  to 
say  it  still.  li\-  sonn-.  s(enis  to  1  e  ennsiiUrcd  an  ccommMcal  .L;rinder. 
More  than  L'd  xe.n-v  ;,•.;..  1  d(  p;irled  fi,,i;i  !  h,-,  practice  I,v  imro- 
ducin.i;  sjiccial  .unndini;  pans  m  wiidi  ili,  pi.l],  |  a>Md  mice  iii!.'i  r 
a  muller  having  a  -olid  rin.i;  di-e  and  tlunc,  mu  ,,|  il,e  pan  to 
another  of  the  .same  kind,  if  liiici-  pulp  \'.a-  de-.n-ed  Thi-c  weiv 
dccidcdh'  letter  and  iiinrc  eci inoniical  than  the  ;in:;il','aniatin,i,' 
pan.  ummI  as  a  i.;riiid.  r.  \,t  thtv  were  not  a-,  i  liic  unl  and  desir- 
aMe  a>  a  u'rindcr  .ad.ii.te.l  -■  une  Hi  years  a-u  v.liieh  wa-  (if  lie 
old   l.uhr-stniie   (Iwiu-^nrll   t\pe,   made  eiitirelc   of  ii'etal.   and    run 

at  a  ili.l,'ll  speed.  W'l-.erc  the  li.>lt..in  ,1i.m'  re\-ol\(Mil-tcad  uf  l  l;e 
upper,  the  sand  p.anici.  -  rotate  lelter  1  (  Hveeii  the  two  discs  at 
the  period  of  erushlilLi.  .-iii.l  .so  cut  il:e  iin-tal  to  a  less  extent, 
and  also  the  cruslied  ii;,rt  i.le-,  p;i>s  iroiv  i|uickh-  awa\-  Un- 
douhtcdh-  no  ni.'ihod  of  ■^nndiiu^  letwcen  two  parallel  surfaci's 
oi  metal  c;in  surpass  this  simple  ;ind  ;ilniost  iirimiiP'e  de\-ice. 
and  the  cost  ol  it  is  ]irohaM\-  less  than  that  ot"  am-  other  machine 
ot  like  caiiaiitv.  \'et  .all  i^rindim;  let  wceii  iiarnllel  surfaces  un- 
a\uiuaoi\    iii\oi\cs  eoiisiderai'ie   loss  of  siioe  an>l   'lie   metal. 


.{J 


KhA    l:\  I     i    )  .\\lhl_     /'A'   1(    //,   /. 


Fow.T  IS  r,„,s,„„,.,|  t,v  ,1,,,,  ,,.  ".,!l  ;,s  l,v  anv  othf,  inrans 
"'  "'•''^■"'^~'  ■'  li;"'l  "re  \rrA  iin,  Wli,  n  ,„„■  .uiisidiTs  tlir  scjuare 
surla..-  .ma  .,f  fU-ava«i'  nn.,l\,.l  ,„  l.nak.ni,'  a  !..„  ,  ,f  „rv  to  pass 
a  -'iHMiU'sh  Mi-c-n.  tlic  i„,u,T  nuchcl,  uni„,iii  alLiAin;;  lur  loss 
m  :;s  mcihatncal  a!  launii.-tit .  ai.|M'ars  iMnin.laM..  m  rati.,  with 
t!„     liar.lihss    ,,,i.|     iMu.^lm,.^,    ,,,     ,i„,   ,„.,.     ,„     ii^,,,,         j,     .^    ,.,^|jj 

rul.c  ..t  rn,  k  wi-i-luilK  "'H'  ton  is  iiit  mi,,  .uli,-,  in.  a-nrmi;  ' 
"f  .,iu.  iih  li,  n  involves  a  rkuvu^v  al  a|.,,rox,uulelv  I.V(i()n  >,,i.ar°e 
(vet  ;  v,t  II  a  sanipl,.  .,„iM  \.r  ha.l  s,,ldy  of  sudi  small  ,ul,es. 
It  wouM  app.'ar  as  fnic  sand  aii.i  nm  as  slime.  It  n  ,|ui;,  [.roLahle 
that  a  pulp  that  lias  pass,,!  a  L'nO-mesh  sereen  uouM  iiiutv  nearly 
reptrs,.„t  thive  nv  |nur  tim,-sthe  aforementioned  area  of  .  Ieavat<e. 
''  '"^  '""  I"— il'l''.  at  Last  ,.„nii,  rnallv.  t.,  ol.iaiii  as  i,,,,.  a 
pPMlu.l  Irutn  L;nn,liiu;  l„l«,rii  in,,  parallel  surfae.  s  ,,l  nu  lal 
as  that  pn.hued  ].v  a  tnhr  mill,  .till  ,i  ,s  nm  v,.,  sate  u.  sav 
that  tliere  are  nu  situat  i-.is  u  herein  the  Krtnd.T  is  m.  .,,■  a,h  an 
tayr-us  than  the  t  ul.e-niill.  and  1  Ins  with,,ui  ivtl  ,n  iip,,n  the 
sueeess   of   tlie   latter 

Tl.r  ...nuner.  ,al  pr..f,,  li-,.  ,s  affeete.l  ],v  c  haraeteristu  s  of 
envirunnunl  as  well  as  ,  hara.  ter,s,„  .  ,,,  ^n  o,v,  and  ,n  one 
I'H'ahtv  ,t  nn.d.t  l,e  proHtal.I,.  to  .,nnd  an  ore  tnier  than  the  same 
ore  in  ano-lirr  lo.ahtv,  so  that  everv  indivnlual  ease  ninsi  I.,. 
*''■"■'■""""'  ^'i-nt  'Vt.  ,  ,osts  and  e.mditions  l„.annK  up,.n 
other  ores  w|„.„  ,,val,d  1a  diltmnt  means,  are  an  assistanee  in 
formini;  a  de,  is.on  as  to  uhat  eours.  to  pursue  m  anv  unvn  ease 
t.ui  derision   must   In    made  l.v  individual    judgment  and    not  hv 

lixed     rule 


>du  [-"ram  is,  ,,,  I",  himarv    IL'.   I'.KMi. 


M     F'    Hoss. 


MiLLi.w,  \-   sMi:i,ri\r.   i.\    Till':   tri-atmi-at 

ol'    ToXoI'Ali  C.oLDFIKLI)  oRI-S 

'MarLh  :tl     I'm., 

Tlu'  report  that  Mr  ('li;irli->  Si  hual)  li;i^  iiilm.l  intu  a  -.mfl- 
tcr  ioiitrai.1  for  the  tn'atnirm  (it  lu^  .\'(\aiia  urc  rai-'s  tlir  c|iii-^ 
tion  as  to  Imw  tar  suirllcis  I  an  iMiii|.rtr  with  1.,  al  iimIK 
iti  the  trcatinnit  ni  tin-  .ili,  luus  ores  <,\  lln'  ^uiithcrn  .\(\aila 
(ii.-,trK!.  I  lia\c  Im-ii  lor  xmu-  imu-  ni  the  Mpiiunn  ilui!  tins  m 
terestillK'  tU'lil  'Iocs  not  ottVr  an  1  II,  Mill-am iil;  ]'ro>pcTt  lu  tlir 
smt'ltrr  kt.'iit  txp,rinu-nls  lia\c  shown  inn.  1um\  rl\  thai  1  hi' 
rrpn  s(  iHalivr  ..re  ..t  tin-  'I'dnnpah-I  ioldlichl  (hstru  t  not  im  Unhni,'. 
ot  KJiirsf,  the  hiKliiT  s^'ra'K'  siKcr  liail  ore  of  the  oiithin^,' 
vountr\  ran  It  handle. 1  l.\  inodern  niilhproeesses  to  tar  helter 
adsanta'^'e  than  hv  sin, It  mi,',  al  the  etirrent  lr;ii,'hl  and  snielter 
rates.  At  ('iMJdheld.  at  the  presiiit  tiiiie,  it  Is  iinlike!\  that  the 
smeller.  e\eii  With  imieh  reduced  rales.  ,  an  hope  to  eotnpete 
with  the  pheiiMinenallv- lii^'h  exiraetinii  ohtameij  from  oxidi/.eil  ore 
at  the  r.  •■•'  nation  .Mines  Co.'s  mill,  the  onl\  millmi;  plant  m 
the  (listriet  in  eontiniions  operation  I'roiii  ot  her  proprrties  at  I  "lold 
fiidd  shipment  are  heinu  madi'  Im  the  snielters,  but  onh  heeavise 
of  the  laek  •  .i  et'tieient  fediution  plants.  .\  lar^e  an.i  pii  t iiiesijne 
variety  of  small  enstoin  miUs  have  hedi  m  desultorv  operation 
at  fioldfii-ld  for  a  \ear  or  more;  hut  these  haw  heen  ham|>ere(i 
by  scarcitv  ot  water,  in  some  instatiees  li\-  laek  of  lapital  for  pro- 
per equipment,  and  possihlv.  l,v  unskilled  mana,L;ement .  The 
lively  eompetition  hitween  these  mills  has  resulted  m  the  ad(jp- 
tion  of  ridieiil<iusl\-  low  i-ales  f.ir  eiistom-millmj.,',  anil  [jrepos- 
terous  j,'uaranteesof  extraetion,  iii\()l\iii^r  a  hard  and  unprofitable 
struKK'lt'.  This  has  had  the  loj^ieal  effeet  of  disereditin.i,'  niiUinK 
in  f^eneral.  and  has  reacted  somewhat  m  fa\-or  of  flie  snielters 
And  until  other  imnes  folhiw  the  lead  of  the  Comliination  company 
and  erect  their  own  plants,  this  wi''  prohalily  continue  to  f)C  the 
status  of  milling  in  the  C.ildtield  dis  .  t.  It  is  true  tliat  thejiresent 
s(-aicii\  oj  uaier  in  the  immediate  vicinity  is  a  serious  obstacle 
to  millin.i.;  on  a  lar).;e  scale,    but  this  is  not  bv  anv  means  insur- 


■■u 


/<!■:(  /•;.\y  <  vi.v//^/-  /'A'.u  //(/• 


iv.'Hintal.lf  if  mine  ouiuts  will  ,mly  I  v  o.nvimv.l  of  ihr  a  :xan!ai;i- 
ot  iju-niiit;  nn<]  ijpiratini;  t'uir  own  ])lants. 

At  iIh'  t'oinl.ination  mill  tiic  txiadifiux-  of  inatini,'  on-  umkr 
•S")U  j.tr  t,,n.  wIhto  an  extract  ion  of  !)(!',  an.]  hcttcr  is  o'  lainu.i. 
is  so  ..l.vi.His  thai  „„  aittiniu  lias  l.^n  ina.lc  to  sV.ip  r-anriai 
of  t!iis  !,'ra(k'.  In  fact  it  has  not  l^m  oust.jniarv  to  st-n.l  any- 
tliiny  to  the  sniclttr  umlw  20  oz.  i;ol(l  [nr  ton. 

l!-,o  f..Ilowins  iiiti'tvstini,' calculation  of  conijiarativc  ni.t  j.rof- 
its  from  sliippint;  and  inillin-  Iii,uh-Kra(lc  on-  fr.,::i  the  Coniliii- 
ation  mine  was  nia-le  to  determine  to  what  point  millin-  coul<l 
!'■  jirntital.Iy  earricl.  This  tal.le  is  1  ased  upon  the  SelLv  ^mel- 
iin-  \-  I,,  ad  Ci/s  schedule  for  Scjitemh.Lr.  n.O.".  as  follows: 


_'00 

S|s 

'{) 

:>iMi 

.'tit 

;;o 

inii 
.'.( Ill 

ti/. 

',  M  1 

7i(i 

l|<  ID 

1 1  .'i 

til  1 

7i)i  1 

7  1 

',  1 7. 

SI'M 

7s 

:;n 

;i:.  I  so 

J  I'l  7ii 

:;i.'  Ill 

I,;  I  .'.n 

.",.;i  111 

iijs  I  l.'i 

7J1  70 


.■;ii 

Hi 


_'iii 

:;.M 

1 1 1 

.".:,  I 
li-'l 
71  I 


llnvj 


Sl!iii]ini..i 


•Jll  ,„ 

'.HI 
.")ll 
III 
|i."i 
_'l  I 


l-reij;1u   rate   lr,„„  (;,,l,ltiel.I  to  sinelur.   S:.'-'  ^er  ton   lor  orc-s  a.s.aviin. 
$:i(M)'',„r  ,'o„  ^'        '"■''    '""•     "'"'  •'"   '""■'•'•••'■'^''  "'■  •■!';    f'T  valuation   al.o^,. 
Snu-lUT  .I,sr.ann.  S|     |7  per  oz,  of  j;o1,l  for  or^-  as.savini;  un.kr   17,  .,y 

../.    snuh.r.hsomnl.  Ml  ti,  ,„roz.  ol  yoUl  for  ore  a.savin«  :{0  oz.  and  ahove 
SI    per  ton  hau!a-r  tro,„   „„„..  ,,,  ra.Iroa.l   ,K.,iot;  S:i  p.r  ton  .  o.t   .,(  sacks 
and  sacking;. 


It  will  Ik-  seen  fn.iii  the  aliove  that  at  the  Combination  mine 
tt  is  nioiv  prolitalik  to  mill  than  to  shiji  ore  ninnin,!,' even  ■■  s  liirji 
as  .S()00  p,  ,•  ton.  assumin.L;  an  extraction  of  !iii'  ,  .\nd.  in  prac- 
tice, ore  of  tliis  Krade  is  heini,' u.seil  to  ■sweeten'  the  lower  ^M-ade 
material  to  make  a  millin},'  pr.,duei   of  al.out   .*  oz.  jrold. 


MILI.I\(,    I     ^Ml-.l.l  l\i,. 


35 


ll  sIiDuM  lie  i'X])1;iiium1  in  this  (.■onntitioii.  aiiil  with  rcfiTciu't.' 
to  tlie  ahuvf  talilc.  that  inilhni,'  costs  aiii!  lM>sr--  wmilil  lie  still 
furtluT  incrcaseil  hv  tlir  aiii^arit  <A  ilisrDuni.  fni-iit,  ati'l  tnat- 
mc-nl  i)f  i-onciTitratc.  r\anii!r  pr.  "liu  ts,  ami  liiillinii,  rcluiiiiL:  rnr 
rL'spon<linL,'l\-  Ihc  net  rctiii-iis  and  iirulil  \<\-  niilhni:  On  thr  Ktlur 
hand,  an  nUTcasu  uf  I'vo  or  three  per  ei'iit  in  nnll--.a\in,L,'  (>\er 
90',    wmiM   very   eonsidefaM;!-   raise   the   ne'    rt-turns  fr(jm  niillni;4 

The  t'lHnwini;  re;  nrd  (if  a  w nrkiiiL;  test  made  at  tl;e  ('i)ni- 
hinatii)!!  nnll,  nn  euinparaiix-elv  hi,L;h^.L,'rade  ore.  has  a  litaring 
on   this  point : 

Tons  treateil,  aee()r<iini;  to  actual  \\ei.t,dit,  fil!  •_'!'.'  totis 
treated,  hy  estimate  of  \  arious  produets.  do  I  s  (letemnned  as 
follows  :      Slime.  14,4  ion-  :  toneentrate.  (l.7^  ton   ,  sand.  4S  tons. 

Hulhon  reeo\er\':  Mo  I  o/,.  anial-ani.  or  L'l  1  H  if/.,  luillion 
().!t4L'  tine,  or  'IM)  <</..  (me  -old. 

Coneentrate  recovery:  (l.77'.i  Ion.  a-sa\  iti'..;  _' 1  .")7  o/,.  ,i,'old. 
or   I'.i,  I  I  oz.   tine  -old. 

Headui-  assaw  sand.  ■_'    4   o/.-oM,   tailiiiL;  assax.  d   L'7  oz   -old 

Hea'Iin-  ,issa\-  slime.  LMMm  dz.  -old  .  tailin-  assa\  .  0  14_'") 
oz.    ijold 


UMM.XKN- 


RfciiVfrc'l  from  Imlliiin  . 
ReeiiviTecI  from  CdtKentraU' 
Inrlit'alfd  reenvtry  fnmi  saiirl. 
Indieatfil  reeo\<.ry  from  slime 

T..t;,l  ...ol,l   .    , 

Loss  in  saiicl  residin^ 
Loss  in  slime  rcsidlii'  . 
.\ssa\-  of  ore.  (ler  ton  . 


j:',(t  n  oz. 

lit   1 
liij  J  ■■ 


:i7!i  II  Mz, 

1.'.  n  ,.z. 
J  ii."i 


Toial  j^olil  in  oil'  ;{i)  I   o.-,  ,,2 

Kxtraetion <iii  _"  ■ 

In  the  aliove  statement  it  stiould  lie  not,  4  llril  tin-  ree(.\er\  from  >,ind 
and  shme  is  mdieated  only  on  the  basis  of  earoful  samplins;  and  .iss.ixini;, 
as  it  was  not  praetiealile  to  make  a  cyanide  eloan-up  from  so  small  a  lot. 

In  retefcnce  to  the  o.\idiZed.  Cioldtield  on-s.  it  nia\'  !ie  stated 
that  Ihey  ai  ]Kciiliail\  adapl.^d  t(.)  millmyc  The  -old  is  free. 
but  most  of  It  is  so  (\ti\niel\  fine  that  it  dots  not  readih"  aitt- 
alj,'amate.  and  a  comjdeie  cxanidin-  ccpiipment  for  handlins,'  hoth 
sand    and    slmie    is    a''Soluteh-    essential. 

The  sulphide  ore  al  th.e  Comlim.il  ion  mine  \  iclds  to  a  S(jme- 
wnat   m.ti.'rcni   trcatit'itni .  in  v.iii>  ii   i  i.iiMnaie   pieioiniiai  \    '.onceu- 


/\7-.(  I- XT  (  )\\/ni-:  I'K  \i  /!(  /•: 


"■'"'""    ''■    ''•^'    '■'1"-'    fr.-ilurr.    f..ll,,uv,l    1,\-    ^'xamdiii-.      TIk-    small 
quantitv    of  roiuvnlratr    i^rn.lu.v.i    t"r-.iii    tin-   nxidtz.-.l    ,,iv    v,ill  he 
tivalr.l    l,y    oaiii.lr,       lUr    >ulph:,l,.    ,.  nwvn\nav.    ii.Auxx  r,    does 
not  yidd  to  cyani.lc.  and  will  „..  d..ul,t  cvminallv  !.c  dilnnnatcd. 
The  Tonu{)ah  urcx,  whuli  ram-  iiuu  li  sihrr,  as  nvll  as  man- 
.L,'an«.'sc.  a  small   qnantitx-  n\   m^^n^r  and   ..ilirr  l.asi-s.   nx^iv   i,,r  a 
lull-    time    .nnsidtrrd    uiisiniaMr    fnr    iinllm,':.      This    ^•i,.^v    is    no 
Ioniser  ludd  1,-y  the  leadin'^^  mine  mana,i:er-.      Tests  now  I.nn-  made 
on   a   representative   Ton. .pah   ..iv   at    an    .,;v   trstm-  null   in   San 
iraneiseo  show  that    an   extraetiun   ,,f  !l(i',    |,v   a   e.,m!,i„ati,;n   of 
eoneentratinii    and    evanidm-    niav    reas.mal.lv    l,e    expert, .1    m    a 
projierlv-   ..quipped   plant.      Tlu'   nrr   m    <nieslinn    earrus   al.nut    25 
oz,    silver   per   l,n       If   we    a>.inne   s  p",   ,,,   1„.   the   average    value 
"*    ''''■    "I'llnv-;    nrv   iii    th,.    diMn.t.   an    extraeti.ii,    <,{  ilU' ,     and    a 
nnllm-;  en-t    ,,t   s.S  p^r  tnti   ,  ,„   a    4(l-.ta,mp   haMs,   we   hax-e   a   total 
milliiiK  expeiiM'    and    loss  of  ,,nl\    S-|   :,()       This   would    he   sliijhtlv 
mereased    Ivthecst    of   shippin.t;  the    eoneentrate ;  hut  e\  en  then 
the    eost    would    he    sufHeientlv    low    to    diseoura-e    Onpp,,,,.    and 
smeltin-.      And    it    th.    hi^h-.M-ade    .„v    of   (loJdlieM    ean    1., '^noiv 
prolitahlv  nnllrd   than  snielted.  thm   the  same    rulr  should    applv 
?   '  ""-'  Tonopah  oivs       Indred.  ever\    pivsmt  indiration  p,,:nls  to 
the  distmd   advanta-e  ,,f  milhn-  ,„,.,.  MiidtmL;  as  api.lied   to  the 
siheious  -..Id   and   sihar  o,vs  ot   tins  whoK-  nrw  dist  r,e';  ;  and   with 
the    ,!evelopn,rnt    of   a    heltrr    watef-supi .1  v    '"r    nnllinu    purposes 
ih.-tv    IS    no    r,.ason    \^hv    evrrv    propmv    of   any    eons..,,,,,.,,,,,    ,„ 
soutlieni    Xexa.ia  should  not    have  Us  own   in<l..p„n,l,.ni    r,,luetion 
Iilaiit  . 


Ki:  CRIXDIXC 


i;.in..rij;.  Airi:  r  hnu, 

It  IS  !ikcl\-  thai  llio  tulii'-niill  ami  the  Chilean  mill  will  Irc 
close  vnals  a-.  (Icmccs  fur  n-vrniilini:  t  iic  [innhirt  .  .t  the  ^Jaiii])- 
iiiill.  At  |(j!ia!iiirsliiirL;.  tur  instaiur.  atiiuiiL;  (illur  installations 
(il  uihr-iinlls,  twii  IS-tt.  tuins  lia\r  jusl  Icfn  ircrtiMlat  tlu-  Fcr- 
I'lira  null;  onr  ul  tlusr  was  siartcil  runnini,' on  Januar\-  II.  This 
mill  is  rf-i,'rin(iin,L;  the  sjiitzlutti  n 'ii-rhavm' t'roin  a  H'O-stainji  mill 
that  is  criishinL,'  throui;]i  a  1'2-iiu  sii  li,i,'ht  srn  in  aiiM  .U'ivinj,'  a 
clut\-  ot  al.out  SIX  tons  [icr  staniji  ]h  r  '_' t  liours,  Alou'  2."()  tons 
ol  pro.hui  \iiv  (la\-  is  jiassiii^;  tlmjiiuh  tlir  tulr-m:]].  Al'trr  lia\in,L; 
the  tula -mill,  tlu'  [mill  passes  oNcr  tour  shakin,L;  amalLjainati  d 
plates,  wlien-  alicnit  (iO  ouiues  of  amal.Ljatn  jn'r  (la\'  arc  caut,'ht 
troni  tile  <!aily  scrapes  ami  from  Mark  saii'l  cau,!.;hi  on  the  jilates. 
Belure  startin^L,'  the  lulje-mill  the  custom  was  to  coiiei  t  from  the 
spitzkasten  al  out  Id  per  cent  of  Knuenlrate  avera-ui'^  II  dwt. 
per  Ion.  This  was  L;n  en  a  three  weeks'  tn-ainicnt  with  ewiniiie. 
which  hrou/ht  the  ,l;o1,1  m  t  lie  resi.lue  .lown  to  ah'  I  2  "  .hvt. 
Xow"  only  .\\(,  proiluets  are  lieiipt,'  mailc  :  Saml,  lepresenting 
'"  I't'f  lent  o|  the  niil]-toima,L;e.  ami  slinH.  rei>resentiii-  :i()  per 
cent.  The  total  resnhie  from  the  eompam  's  works  hefore  startini: 
tulie-mills  a\-era,i,'eil  1  ,  (i(i  dw  i . .  now  t  he\  have  come  down  to  0  6 
<!wt..  and  the  mana.L'er  cxjieets  to  do  hettcr.  The  foll.jwin-  I  inures 
m  the  Use  ot  shakiipi:  amaiL;amai(  .1  plates  in  this  null  diirm-  1!M)5 
\cill  lie  of  intinst:  Tlu-v  are  L' I  of  lliese  plates  runnm-  hehiw 
the  ordinarv-  li\c(l  plates  at  I  lie  I'atteries;  during  t!ie  \car  there 
was  collvcted  from  t  la -e  plates  KhdL'.s  ,,unies  of  amal,L;am.  7n 
I'cr  eeiit  ol  this  total  was  recov<'rc(|  from  dressm.L;  the  plates  and 
•-••-'  per  eeiil  from  steamim,'  them:  the  total  tnie  Lroi.i  ohtameii 
was  4,S(l.s  ounces,  \alucd  at  s'.lT.mi.  less  cost  of  runnim;  and 
maintenance  of  plaits,  nanielw  .S.".(i,s,S;  that  is,  S'.fJrjr.s  repre- 
sents additional  jirotit  to  the  null. 

In  Mexico,  a  rhili'.-m  mill  fed  \\-]1}^  a  pro.liict  tlial  had  Massed 
a  L'.J-inch  ,urizzl\  ,  nMhued  |s  tons  per  dav  at  one  o]ieration,  so 
that  L'O  per  ct'ni  was  hetwi  en  1011  and  •_'(l(l-niesh  tineness,  wiiile 
o\er  77  per  cent  passed  •_'0(l-ni(  di,  Witli  a  1(1  to  I  dilution  and  a 
coiisumiilion  ol    IL'   !ior,sepower, this  mill  ran   1^  .r  1  s  mont  lis  witluiut 


.•<s 


/</■:(  t-:\/ 


\ll>i:    I  ■/<.{(    1  l(   I: 


stoj),,,.,-  l.,r  ropaiis.  I;  ,  m  .^u^^,,  ,„  Padnua  an.l  ,1,.]  tlir 
work-  .K'scnlr,!  t..r  2:\  .vnis  per  t,m.  Clnlran  nulls  Ikuv  Inn-  l.vn 
m  us.,-  at  PaduK-a.  fur  they  arc  K.^itiinatc  .k-scvn.lants  ,.t  the  airastn- 
nevvnheless.  even  the  Spanish  engineers  at  that  ancient  niinuu' 
t-entre  are  usin.i,'  Ahhe  tuhe-niilk.  >,,  that  ,i  is  evi.Kni  thai  we 
shoiiM  s,...n  he  in  poss^^ssinn  .  ,f  valuaMe  ,lata.  seeinvd  l,v  makm- 
tmstuorthv  tests  hetuven  the  vannu.  niaehines  emplove,]  l,.r 
re-.L;riii.lin- 


IR<)\-    \-    W()i)\)   i-nR  CNWXlDi:   iJCACl !  IX( ; 

\-.\TS 

li^    I'kAM  Is  I,.   Mii-ijii 

A;  ■■:   I  I     h)i:i, 

Ti-A'  lollouiiiK  facts  in  rc,t;anl  t.)  iron  ami  n,hv.).),l  kaohing 
vais  fur  tl'.f  i-\aiii>k'  priHiss  will  (k-tfrmino  wliirli  typt-  is  I  t-st 
III  use  111  a  ,t,'i\i  n  Imalitw 

In  warm  I'uuntrics.  wluri'  tl.c  wintirs  arc  nut  sc\uv  .;.  -u-ii 
tu  r.-<|uir(.'   housinK  the   plant,   tlie  in.n    \at    is  to  Ty    prcfinvd. 
Iron    \ats    aiv  inori'  fxi.cnsive  in  firs',  i-ost  ami  cnition  tl.an  ivd- 
woo<!  ;  thty  are  also  niure  ixpi  nsivc   to  maintain,  owiiii;  to  tlie 
necessity   of  frequent    eoatin;,'  t(,  proitel    loth   the  iron   and   llie 
cyanide  solutions.     They  must  he  set  up  with  speeial  care  an.l  sul, 
jfcted  to  water-ti>;ht  test,    as  leaks  are  .iitfieult  to  stop,  ispteiallv 
m  th.e  1  uttum.  aft(  r  the  (ilti  r  l:as  ui.ee  I  een  lai.l.      A  serious  uh- 
Ketiun,   rot    -inerally   re  eo-jnized.  is  the   lack  of  riKiditv  of  iron 
\ats  wlen    under    pressure  of  a  charge  of  ore.  and  the  temknev 
<>t   tl:e   peril, htry   to  shift    from   the   line   of  tlie   true   eiriK  .      This 
shitlin.u  or  hul.iiii'K  „iii  ,ake  place  durinK  the  tilling  or  after  solu- 
tion IS  ai.plied.  an,:  is  due  to  tl:e  charge  not  leiny  uniform  in  .kns- 
ity  and  of  varyin-  i-rcssuiv  :.t  ditTerent  points.     Such  a  \ariation. 
with  the  consequent   \-iel<lin^'  of  the  iron,  will  oftentmics  j.ro.luce 
cracks   throUKh(,ul    the   charKc   of  san.l.      This   invvents   uniform 
percolation  and  is  a  serious  matter.      Ii  .an  1  c  prcwmd.  however, 
in    ,t;Teat    nuasure    hv    usin.s-    sulilicicntly   lieacv  materia!  and  re- 
mlorciii-  the  vats  with  han<ls  of  an.<,de  iron, 

Tlie  redwood  \at  is  perfectlv  ri.ijid.  and  is  much  cheaper 
m  first  cost  an.l  maintenance  than  ih.^  m.n  \at.  It  ,U,es 
n.,t  require  as  fn  qm^nt  coatmt:  with  pn,i,.iivc  paini.  There  is 
a  pojiuhn-  prejudice  against  wo.,.!cn  vats  owing  lu  their  alleged 
greater  liahilitv  t.,  leakage  an.l  the/  al.s.,rpiiun  .,f  values.  The 
leakage  mav  l,e  [  nvented  l,v  -..„]  w.,rkii,anship  in  setting  up 
''"'  '■'"  '''''^'  '-c'dw,..,.!  !..ac!nn..;  \a.s  a:  the  Smuggkr-Un;..n 
evamdc  plant  in  CMLa-a.!..  :m-  4(1  f.et  in  .lianicter.  and  arc  al  so- 
lutelv  liglit    :  and   1  am  .(iiite  p,,sn,Ne  thai    i  he    <am..  mav  Ic  .said 

.  .."    I  1...    t„„,.        ri    I- ,  ,  . 

.a.^e   .i-t-ii.    vat.s  a.   ,.,.     i  1.  .iji.  s, ,,  ,mv       Kale  ca>.  s  i-a\e  heen 
reported    of    losses    from    alsurpli.jn.       I    investigate.]    tins    p,„nt 


4U 


A7-.(  /-..Vy  (VAX  1 1)/:  /'AM(  ■/■/(  /•; 


^f\-iTal    \t^ar>   a,t,'(..      Tlir    ivmiIis   .,t    thr    ir-,i^   iiKnIr   nu   that    .»va 
SKin  aiT  (juwtrd   liciTwitii   Initii  iii\-  art  nl.'  m      I  lie  l-.Ui^nhciiHi:,  ,uui 
Mliiiiii:  Ji'imuil  (if   l"cl,tiar\    Jti,    Isfis 

A  pifce  ,,t  iT,!unu,l  .-,  It.  ■_>  in  l..n-  at,  I  2\  m  thirk  ua>  suh- 
nuTUfl  t..r  tliiTr  v.vrks  111  a  -nM  >..lutM,i  at  Hu.li,-  W,-i-Imiii 
iH'fdiv  aii'l  att.i-  Mil.iiitTMMn  >!i.,\vim1  an  ali-.  irptimi  ol  L'sj  II,.  m  M» 
li'- ■  '-'l".-'!  "•  1'-",  -f  thr  ..fi-.na!  uvil;!]!  A.sMimin-  that  a  vat 
Wfiyhni-  SIX  iMHs  A.niM  ali->,,il,  ,,^  mii.  h  as  "(l' ,  ,,('  a  S;."  cxanwle 
solution,  ih-  al.sofptiun  \ynuh\  aiiiMimt  t^thivf  inns.  ..r  Sl.i  an 
ahiin.i  iinpir^vj,,]!,!,.  Inss  m  a  punit  IrcatiiiL;  sr\(  lal  thuusan.l  Inns 
!»-r    iiiiinlh, 

Annthcr  \\a\-  tn  ac.nunt  tnr  |n>s  nf  <,'nM  1,\-  alisni-jiiinn  is  'n 
assimir  tital  \V.v  aiism-pimn  is  ninuihitixc  lh,at  is,  m  a  l.a.  h.uii,' 
\at  suliiniti,-!  tnintcrniiitrnt  mniart  with  snlntmn.  the  ,t,'uM  is  ,k-- 
!'"suc',l  mthc  \v,„Hi  !,\-  a  s,.n,.s  nt'  pan  lal  (■\a|iiira!inns,  To.h-trr- 
nitn,  which  wasa>vnnipani,'.ll,v  thr  L^natrr  Inss  l.\'  al.snrptinn 
eoniinumis  nr  mtcniiit  tnit  ...ntart  an.l  whcthrr  ruhcv  was  iv- 
sp.insil,],.  Im-ain-  .  nii-hlci-aMc  Inss.  thr  tnllowm-;  trst  s  <\vff  nui.lf  : 

I'lVst   scrii's  (t'nntiiuiniis  cnntaiti. 

'•'  -^       I'l^'^'l'       <•''      'Ifi'Ssnl       I-imIwcjoiI,       thnmu-hh-       srasnIUMl. 

wct-huiL:  -'  11.  -2  MA  an.l  ,-xpns,n,-  IM)  s,,  ,n  <<i  sui-ta'..v,  uas  sul,- 
mrr-r.l     In,-     ihnv     wr.-ks     m     a     snlut-n,,     raiTNinu'    an     awra-e 

of  s.-  prf  tnn  m  --nhh      Thr  w !  was  then   lakm  mit   an.]  .Iricl. 

an.!  fr.hhv.l  t..  rhaiv..al  m  ,(  rkan  snMrr  st  nvc  and  further  ivdurrd 
'.>  as!i  111  a  new  assa\ -iiuiflio.  Thr  ash  was  rarrfullv  tluxr.l, 
cuprlr.l.  an.l  thr  I,iitt,,n  wn-lir.],  with  tlir  fnl'nwmi,'  rrsults,  sil- 
ver !h  inu'  xahir.l  at    .",().     pi'f  nuilrr: 


Al-tlKll    ahsrrpni  111 

Alisoqitmn  |i.  r  tini  ,  .f  w,,,,,! 
Vahu-  al.srrhtMl  ].rr  t.ni  ..1  \\o,„l 


(...1.1.         Silvvr.  T..t.il 

iiii;.      1    li.')            L'   7."i  )    III 

.^r.iiiis      1    .'i.'iL'          J   .'iss  I    1  4 

SI    il.i  Sii  (U  SI    117 


(I't  A  pirrr  of  Sra.s()ii...l  .livssr.l  jiiiir  wrii;hinL;  H  Ih.  and 
rxpnsiiii.;  IM)  s(p  in,  nf  snrfarr  was  snl.tnrri;..'.!  a!  tlir  sanir  tinn' 
as   thr   rr.i-.vnnd    an.l   snl.|rrtr.l    tn   thr   sainr   romlitinns  : 


Actual  alisi.ri.ii..n 

Absrrpr.. ,;..•,..  ..f\vo.;d:' 

\  aaif  .il.s,,rln'.l  prr  trii  .it  u..,,,l   . 


<'-.'l.l.         Silv.r,         T..|,il. 
ini;.       1     ,  -J    (i  4    :i 

.'ill-      i    i:;:;  i    7:;;i  j   m,,; 

SO  T.'i  S(i  OJ  50  77 


/,V"\    :■     \V,u>l,  /.,.A'      /./■., 1(  lll\,,    1  .I/-S  41 

(i-i  A  pi.  rr  ..I  n,uuh  pin,.  uvJKhinj,'  li  11..  7  nz.  and  fxposinjj 
H-1  s,,.  ,n.  Ml  Mirla.v  '.vas  lak,,.  tVun,  iIr.  lH,tt.„n  of  a  .JiM-anled 
-scrccn-tranH..  whid,  had  1,...„  ,„nsianth  a„d  d.nviP,  expos,.! 
to  a  stron.t;  solution  (aNvra.i^n,.;  s:,  ,„,,-  t,,n  m  o,,Mi  for  a  p.nod 
"t  .i.i^'ht   months,  and  a-am   tor  a  p,  rmd  ,,t   In,,,-  n,.mths  : 

A.i„;,l  ahsorpti,,,,  ,.'-"■'''■        •''''''■'■''•        ''"""^'- 

A.,s.rp,,,,n, I. ,,,„,,..,,.,,::::::: :::::,,:-     ;„    ':: :,     f|;;|^ 

Sit. .11,1    srn,  s   ..t    tisK    '  in  t ,  runt  I  nil    ...niart.. 

(ai  A  ,,i,.,v  oldiTssc.,1  ,vdu,„,d  uvi.uliin.^  2  |1,  7  oz.  and  cx- 
P-s.n^  ISO  .,,  „,,  ,,|  sumuv  was  snl.H.t.d  t.,  mtc  rniittrnt  sul,- 
nHTs:,,n  i„  a  .tn.n^  ,„M  .„U,m,,„  f,,,  „„,,.  ,,^,,.;^^  -j.,,^,  ^_,,^.^. 
was  1,„    ,„   ,h,.   ,„,„„i   ,,,,    „;  ,„.    ,„   .,^    ^^_^_,   ,,^^,^^    _.^^^__^^^^|     ^^_^^j 

'''•i.d   111   111,,   .un    l..r  ihf   other  (j-ht    hours  : 

•'"  '1''^"  P">vs  nt  n.ii-li  i.inc,  w.i-hini,'  toi,a.tlu-r  :51!,  4  oz 
^'"'1  ex,„,Mn,  .a,li  I(l(,  s,,.  ,n.  ..t  .urla.v.  uuv  taken  fn.n,  n.^ar 
th.e  to,.  ,,t  tl,,.  ,l,Mi,--,..l  s,n,.„-,n„nr  tn.n,  th.e  tr,.l,I  tank  This 
portion  of  the  ,V,.n„  Pa.i  ,,,,„  alt.-rnat.lv  expose,!  and  ,lned 
'">  i-'  innnths.  an.l  was  pn.haMv  ahout  .me  half  of  the  tune  un.ier 
sohitioii  : 

Aetiial  ahs,,ri.ti..n  .'i"''         ^''''■''         '''"'••'• 

Ahs„n,„„n,,..,„;i„r.„;,„,:;::  :      ^^^  •;  ;„,     ^7     .,,  , 

\al,u.  ,,I,s.,rl„.,l  ,„rt,.n  ,,f  w....,l .^.'rT         si,    j  V  i",    ;'- 

I'  "lav  1„.  n.,UMhl,althep.,n,..n.,tth..s..reen-fra.n...ul„eeted 
t"  l..n.^  .•..nlmu.ni.  s„l,„,ers„,n  sh.nve.l  Ih,.  hii,.h,.st  al.s,  .rption  — 
-■■'  •^-  .'"■'■  '""  '"  "'""'  ^"'1  tnat  the  pu...  .,f  re.hv,,o,l  exposed 
■•"-■nn.Men,lv„,.-.,l„,,.,„  f„,  ,,„,,,  ,,,,,,^^  „i,i,,at,.,i  ahn..st  the 
same  .iej^ree  o,  al,s..r,,„„„  ..  ,1,,  to,,  ,,„n„.,i  ,.f  „,,.  s, fe..n-trnme 
exposed  for  several  ni..nt!i>. 

The  in.lu.ati.ms  aiv   that    ,n  n.,  .as..   w.,uM   the  aI,s.,rp,,on   he 
'"";-   "•   a   ta.-tor  ,n   ,,,1,1    losses,  evvn     ,n     a     vat    of    unpro,e.-te,i 


'•w^^-wim 


Till-   ASS.\\-  ol-  (  \A.\II)i:  SOIA  rio.xs 

l-!\   William  M\r,K\.\r 

.  (AiTiI  I  I    Mill'.' 

Aliiiul  a  M'ara^ii  1  lui'l  "i.a^uin  in  ^rari  li  tnr  an  i-xtra  rajncl 
mclhoii  lor  ikliTiniiun^  nuM  m  tyaiiuk'  mill  Milutum.s.  to  In'  u^r<\ 
in  (.ontrDllini,'  the  ojuratidns  nt  an  ai^'ilation  plain  which  haii'lliii 
i-'har^^fS  lit  Mid  l^'us  oarh.  'I'lu-  prmr^s  inxnlvrii  spc^iial  cluiiinal 
tri'ainuiits.  aii'l  washing;  !i\'  ili'i-anlai  i"n  ,  aii'l  a  ijuh  k  ^hIuIimu- 
assav  \\a^  iinprralu  r  rii^'ht  thrDuyh.  As  a  KaMs.  1  :^at  In  nil  linni 
text -111  II  iks  aii'l  lilr>  lit'  I  iu'  ti'i'hniial  pnss  all  sui;i,'i.-sUi  uls  alnnK 
tln>  Inu  ,  aii'l  iriril  l.ul  a  irw  Itfon  IiihIihl;  nnr  which,  with 
Snlllr    nil  nillua;  11  Ills,    aiiswrrnl    Will. 

J!  ina\  mil  rest  ex  aiii'lcrs  tu  kimw  this  iiHthinl,  rspniallv 
as  till  \  iiia\'  haw-  hail  tin-  same  ilisniura.yins,'  uxpi  rK'nii'  as  1  hail 
with  thr  inrthml  as  piiMisliril  li  w  as  ik'siTil  Hil  in  I'lu'  Iuii:iiii\'i  iii^ 
iiiul  .Minnii:  h'tinhil  '  .f  M:ir,ii  _'s,  l'.t(i:>.  I.\-  Altrnl  Chuliicv ,  m 
siihstaiii  !■  i;  was  as  tiilln'.'-s  Ail'i  in  tmir  assa\ -tuns  nn-  ninn' 
of  the  siihitinii  111  r  (  111  111',  ^iihiiiMii  dl"  I, -ail  arctatf;  thin  tmir 
^'raiiis  zmr  sha\-iiii;s;  i.nil  a  niiiiutr.  aiM  L'll  i  >■  lU'l  istrwn;,^!,. 
W'luTi  aitii  .11  h;is  rrasri! .  In  nl  auaiii  aiiil  .in  aiii  tn  .in  t  he  hall  nt'  spim- 
i,'\-  Icail  which  haslircii  cniiipai  ici  a  linir  with  a  ,L^lass  i-ml.  aivl  wa>h 
same  1>\'  ilrcantatinii  TraiislVr  t.i  a  piccr  nf  tillcr-]iapi  r,  rnll 
infii  a  iiimpaci  L.-dl,  aii.l  place  iwilhnut  ilr\iii^i  nn  a  hut  cupel 
111   the   muttle 

Mr.  riiiilile',  slates  thai  a  result  eaii  he  (ihl.-iiiU'il  m  '-'."i  mimites. 
which  I  taileil  ti)  iiinlirm.  h  is  leriamh'  the  cxperieiue  n\  must 
lit  us  that  it  rec|uires  se\eral  tunes  ih;,t  letii^th  nf  tiiiU'  tn  hnn^; 
fnur  assa\--tn:is  i  IJO  c.c  ■  nf  snlutinll  twiee  tn  a  linil,  tn  ,/;,v.s,i/rt' 
'•out  i^ratus  Zii  in  III!,  tn  emiihict  a  cupellatu  .n,  then  part  anil 
weii^'h.  tn  sa\"  nnthiiiL,'  nt  nianipula' inn.      Hut   far  f ri  .in  makiiiL,'  an\- 

Speod   reennls,    I    enuM    llnl    -el    the   inethiid    tn   Unrk  at    all,    fnllnwm;,,' 

the  scheme  to  i  hi-  let  ter  Insti  ad  nf  t'le  leail  cc  .mine  ilnw  n  spiiiie\-, 
it  was  finel\-  ilixide.l  and  slmwed  i;i>  teiidciie\-  tn  ai,',L,'lnnu  rate. 
and  had  tn  he  tilt,  red  mit  tn  cnllect  It  at  all,  whu  h  it  was  the 
\'er\-  liurit  nf  the  jirnpnse  1  ilietl'.nd  tn  a\nid.  Mill  tile  ]irecinus 
metals    Were    perfcitl\-   pre.  iMialed,  and   ivahzim:  the  aiha.ntaees 


Till:   .l.^s  ir  .  '/■    (   VA  Mill,    ^,11.1   I  In 


\S. 


43 


m 

mi 


"    ""•;'■'••■"-■  ''^^P' ■•""•■",., I  u„l,,„N.,-  ,„■,.,„„■,„„,.  ,,i   ,va^;u,ts 

lak,   a  l.ii-,.  l.akrr  lalunil  tiO(»  ,  ,    .  apa.  ,tv     u^r  ,  „•  t.  n  a.sav- 
"■".s.,i„,|„M,,„,an,l,l,tisv.Tvuvak,n  KCv  a,|,l  munu'l,  nt  .t  run^ 
|.«n.    suhn,un    >,,    l,,-,,,,    ,l     „,,  ,,,al.„n   0  .-/ ,    Mnn.^-.l,       A.ld    10 
^•c-   nt  a  lir  ,   <,,lut„,„  nf  k.a,l  acvtatr.  sIikIuIv  a,„i,(K.l  unl,  a.vtu' 
a^..!    .IJ  .   ,,   ,1    10  assav-t.-ns  w.-rc   tak.n     .   ih.n   a^M    l,v    n,„.h 
nifasun.   nn    thr   ,„„,„    .,.   a   >,,aM,L,    I„,„,.,.„    o  ;<  ,,„,   ,,    ,   ^„,,„, 
;"'"    '""•■'•'    ">    /...,     ,hu,.    ,l„s    1..,,,.    MUn,u.,u    „.    p,v>,!„ta,c.    all 
K'a.l   pHMnt    an.l    Kaxr   an   ..xr.ss   nt   /nu    ,,,  a,  l    ,„,    Au   an.l    A^ 
^'"■;""     '•'■"•^"-'   l"nl,,h.na.l,l    1 .-  >   ,     .,,-„„.    IlClan.l   1,  avc 
""    ""■    '""    l^''-'"'   unnl   .■x,v..   Z„    Ks   ,l,.M,h,.,l   ,„,1    ka.lha.Kulh- 
"■"'   "','"   ^'   ■'''"'''■^'-       '''l"^    ••^•"   'a!^>-    I'Ut   a    Uu-    ,n,nmcs,an,l   the 
assavshuuM   ,!,.„   N  .ak,„  ,n.,n  ,1,.  h.  at,  ds.  .1,.  ka.I  w,lll„„n  to 
'''T;'^"   ,    ^""   ^^"l"'-   'I-    1«-1    a    h.tl.     u„l,    a    Kla.s    r,„l    ul,„se 
'■"'i    -as  l...n   ,!a,„.,„.,l   ul,,!.  !„„,  „,,„!,  ,1,..  .,„,.,•,>  .,uas..,i  ,n 
^"'"'■'"■':"'-  '''■'^"^"     '-^'I'Mlv,  wash    l.v  .l...antat,u„   ,u-M„r  three 
7'":,",'         ""•^''    'l^'an,„us    ..f    v.a,.r     ,„>  k    up    th.    !,  a-i    avhuh 

■'''"'"''''"     ""'    ""'    "■'■"'"^''^"    ""'"^-'    "■     ^'>^k     '"^^''IKT     when 
FTesM-.l,   ,„    ,1,..   „„...,s  ,,n,l   o,„,pns>   ,,    ,„,,,   a    hall   whuh    pla.  e 

"'"'"    ;'    '';•",:"    ''-'    •"•'     '1    '".     s,,uan         ,Us,„,    hlter-paper 

!";^'''''''''^''';''''-'i-^!"-^vl..a.i,.apt,,,sepanUe„.the.;pel., 

'■'  "'""   '"'''  "   '"^'^    ^'^  tokav..  an    e^nss  l,,r  st.an,,  a„.i  ,lrop 

''"■;"   '""    '■"!'' I   '"   ""■   '"""'•■.   iKn.n^tirM   a.l,le,l  a   l.u   nlMh.T 
II    ilie   as>a\-    )s   tur  -,,].]   culv 

Tl,r.,,lut,„n  „n    wlu.h  .Ins  „,Hh,Hl  ^ave  .  x.vllent  results,  an-i 

;',;"'^"'   '"■'■'•■'■"'^-    """    ""■  "I'i  'va,M,ra„„n,ne,hn,is„,:n,nnT,um 
tnne,    earne.l     al,.,u,     n.l7,V,      ,„■,     ,„,,     „,,  „„     ^^  ,,^,^^^, 

::;;'7  •',"  '"■'■,•■': """ "'""-'  '"■  -^^  n  -  p.,ss,i,,.  tha,  Mr. 

,''"'"  '.V""'"""'-  -  P"l'Hshe,l.u„rksh.,,..r  ,,n  other  s,.lut>ons 
'■;:'"'^  :'  "  "',"  '■''■^"-  "•'^^-  -"""'■''  -^  "  -■  ^nn„s  z,ne  need  he  used' 
tak,n,aI.,n,M,nu.,ud,ssnIvewl,en„ne-tenthas,nueh,,„  the  shape' 
'"  ''^'^'.  1^^  atnple.  IVrhaj.s  dtfferent  proportions  of  rea.^ems  w,ll 
-  neee.sarv  to  sun  each  ease,  hut  operators  w,ll  Hnd  ,t  worth  a 
"tie  expenment.n.  to  s,..ure  a  nuthod   uhuh   involves  no  rtltra- 

easi'lv  T-f  '"";"  T''  ^'■'■'■'"'■^">"-  -  --rate  an.i  rapid, 
.a.  h  pe„ornted  and  e.uallv  suued  to  lar,..  hatches  and  ..n^le 
assa\s  " 

The    ni.t!,,,.)     1-  ,        .    . 

,,p,,,,i,,:,.  ,       '■■, :•'    "■'    -•■-'  ""■I'-al    ..|'pi»ai]on  f,i  heat,  as  the 

Pnup.tanon  o,  preetous  metals  is  p..r.e,  t  in  the  eold,  hut  the  lead 


44 


RIA  l:\  I    t    V   \  Xll'l:    I'K  \i    I  It   /■ 


dot's  Tint  ;ij,'i,'liinicrati'  \m11  aii'l  llir  cxct'ss  zini-  takes  Inni^n-  ti> 
iii-;'«i!\c  When  iliiiir  this  \\a\'.  tlif  prcripitatc  i|  Kail  iphis  .\\t 
ari'l  Al;  must  l.i-  tiltrir.i  <)\ii  aii'l  tlic  iia]Mr,  iinwaslu'l  aiiH  still 
Wet,  I'pllr.i  lip  in  a  pii.r  1)1  ],:[•]  tell  .ili'iiit  \\\<>  nil  Ills  sipiaic  anii 
ilrMpp.'i]  into  .1  liut  lupfl 

It  ina\-  111'  c.f  furttuT  intci-csi  ati'l  a  i  Miuanuiu  >•  to  lia\  r  t  he  list 
ot  nu'tlimis  wliirh  1  L:atlicrcil.  chictly  Inmi  llir  Ainmiaii  tr.  Imi- 
i-al  journals  i.t  the  jiast  ci'^in  years;  exatinle  .hrniisis  nia\  he 
i-neoura^eil  tlierehy  t'l  i;i\e  tiiein  a  trial,  airl  Kt  the  pnilessi'.n 
kll'iw  the  results,  CioM  iletennillatl' in  has  lueli  the  ehiet  enneein. 
Iiiit  these  niethoils.  except  where  iioieil  tn  the  eiintrar\.  nia\-  he 
liseil  cMjMally  well  for  silviT. 


I  Ml.Tllnlls       I\\ul.\l\(,       iKIIIIll.l         llsKiN       (Ik      SI  (iKl  1  K   A  I  lo\ 

HI-  I  1 11.:  I-    r  1-  I'l-.  l.l.  \  1  II  i\ 

1,  /■.:'.;/'ei-,(/;(i);  111  a  li:el  t' 'il  t  ray.  i  it  her  ilii'eit.  nr  alter  enn- 
eeiitratinntM  small  hulk  in  a  pur.  elain  'lish.  t  he  tinish  t' i  lie  I'm- 
ihute'l  at  a  \ei-\  liiw  heat.  The  tra\"  is  i-nlleil  u)i  si  i  as  to  enelose 
the  reshlue.  ail'l  IS  senntie^l  with  test  leail  lielnre  eupellati' HI . 
partmt;.  an^l  wei'^'hiiiL;  With  small  eharLjes  isa\-  ime  assav-tniii 
of  solutiiiii  earrx-iiT^  i.iil\-  small  amounts  nf  clissnheil  matter, 
the  seiiritu  atimi  ean  he  umitte.l  A  variation  of  the  methiHJ 
whii  h  a\'ii'ls  the  lea'l  tra\-.  is  fi  spiankle  mtn  the  ehar;,'e  nt'  suhitiun 
(in  a  ji'ireelain  ilish'  '_'(!  L;ranis  litharL;e.  ni  sueh  a  wa\-  as  tn  enxer 
the  hnttiiin;  then  exapmate  to  ilrvness.  ainl  si  rape  the  resi-iue 
with  a  spatula  into  a  erucihle  i  ontainiiiL;  HI  L;rains  smliuni  hiear- 
hiinate.  ti\'e  i^ratiis  Imrax  s^lass.aml  op-'  Lrram  tlour  or  arL;ol  'l"he 
ilisli  ean  he  thoriiui,'hl\-  eleaneci  liy  nioistenin<4  with  ililute  nitrie 
ariil  ami  niojipm^'  out  witli  small  pieees  of  filter  paper  whirh  are 
aiiiieii  to  the  erueihle  I'usion  results  in  a  lead  liutton,  whieh  is 
inipellc'L  ete  The  eN'a]  loration  metinnl  is  the  oMest  in  use. 
anil  when  earefully  ijone  is  aeeurate.  It  iinohes  nun  h  time, 
hut  htlle  anil  simple  nianipulatioti 

L'  l'ri\ipit,itit>>]  ,is  SiilpliiJc  !ii  AiitlijirJ  S,'ltili\'ii  This  is 
t,'i\en  in  Till-  tu-u'iiiifriin;  aihl  \Fiiniiii  IokiiliI,  Xnxemher.  IS'is.  !i\- 
Henr\'  Watson,  ami  is  stated  to  he  quiek.  aeeurate.  and  eeoiiomi- 
eal, 

Aiidif\-  five  or  ten  assay  tons  solution  with  HCI  and  heat  to 
boilinj,';   wliile    tii  uliii,;.,'.    add   a   solution   ot    two   ^'-.atiis   lead   aeetate 


/  ///•.       |sv    IV    '  '/•     (    )-   1  \  //,/■     s, 


'/.I    I  h  '\s 


:""M^-^..  ,u,T,nt.„  v:lil,un,„.,ll,v,ln.,..n„„t,I.,l  1'!,  ,s  pn-.  in- 
.tau.,l.  All-.w  ,,,.„„,  a  |„,1,.  wl„l,..  .,,11  pasMn,  1|,S.  ,h,.n  Ulur 
pr...,p„.t...  ,lrv  an.l  n.lu.  ,•  ,„  ,.  ,„.,,  ,,„„„„  ,,;  „,.,„„,,,„; 
w,th  Ira.l  t.st  ..,■„,.„,„  ,,,,,,  ,i„x,s,„  a  ,n,.  ,1,1,.,,, ■,..■!    ,.,, 

An.„,s,n/.„M    A    1    M    KV,,,   XXXIV.  ,,    is,     A,|,!af.u   .ui,„ 
an.l  a,i.i  ,.„,.  ^^ran,  ,„,„  „u,..i,  „,.,,,  „,,,  ,,,,,,  ,„■  ,,,  „„„„,,,,,^,,  ^^ 
-PP.T,      M..,lha,-,i„„-l„„„„       F,l„.,-,hnH.«halarK.-Krav,.ap.,- 
""I-".    -a.h,„.       IMa,...  ,„  a„  a>,av  .  n„  11,1.  nm-thini  „f\a  ,l„x- 
in^'  mixture  ,,„,.,.,„„,  ,,,   ;;„  ,„,„„,  ,,„,^^,.,.,,  ^^„,_   ,,^,_^^,  ^^^_^^^^___^_^ 

..f   so,ia.    l,.„.ax.an,l    n,],,...-.    an,]    .,„    ,|„.    ,|,,„„,,    ,„„,     ^.,„„,,^,^ 

^''.",  ,  '"■"  l'"'l<"i'th,.t,l,,.,-.,u,.ku  .n,„,l„.  ,,a„,|,l,,a,„l,,,v.^ 
^^•.th  tlK.  .vma.nin.  ,l„nl  .,f,l„x  \,,u  ,„.„  ,„,„,,  ,„  i,,,,,.,.,, 
of  cenu.nt   c„p,„,,  .,   „,|,„„,„  ,„   ,.„_^,,^  „,,_^.   ,^^,  ,^  ^^^  ^  ^^^^^^    ^,^^^_ 

^..m.  alun„„nn,  ,„il  H,„|,n^  ,h,.  a.sav  n„-  v,,,,..  t„„..  l,nn,s 
•l-nvnlluM.,,,,,.,-,  Tl,ral„„„n,„„f,„i.h,,„l,ll„.a,M,,l,,,,i„.  ,„,,„„ 
'if    tiltrr 

I       /%,/r.A,^,„„ /,,.>,/:,.,    \,/,„/,.       Cv.l,,..,!    „,  A    Cn,...   ,,„ 

':,'"'""'■'"■■:' '<-"-"<'van„l..  Pr,,.,...-      .\,M  a„  .xcvs.  „f 

s.lv..,-„„,-at.-„,luU..„,nl,..,-an,lwa.l,.    ,1,-v    M,-,-   an,]  ,■„  h.r  so.nfv 

'■»IH  iHK.  tin-  .vsultan,  l.M.i  I,u„„„  Th,s  „„,h,„i,  „,■  ,„,„.,, 
'■""  "■""■;'  ""-  Au„„lv  <;a.rals.,«,vosam.„l„„at,-,„„f  ,h,. 
n-huh  ,.,„,,l„vs  a  l,i.hn„na,-  „f  ,„„ash  in,lua,.„-  ,„  ,l,.,.n„,„.  ulu,, 

'"^      ",  "';;■''   '"'^"''■-      ■^'^'■'-  ^'in-'nu   w,.|I.   an   .x,  ,.s  „f   H„SO. 
";"';'"         ""'""'^-- ->■'"■-"'■  •i'-v.fus,.,an,K.u,„.l.„,.  the, nJi,u- 
;r"'    ""•';"'-■    1-    ^■ui-ll''-i    'linv,    wh.n    wrap!K.,i    ,„    l,a,l.f,„l 
M,-r-,u,u    d,l,,n,K.  ,„avl„.  us,.,linst..a,l  o,  silvr,-  n.trate 
,-      ;'      /'"^'/'''""""'-.v  (■../>/>,•,■  s,,/,.      Maun,.  l.i„,i..„K.nnin  77,. 
l--'>^nurnu,,vuiMi,uu,loHr„al.]    W  1,   i,MM.      U.at    K)  assav-to„s 
'"'"1   -lua.-   h..r.  a,i,l   a.nnmni   raUup,,,.,- „,trat..  s„lut,„„  t-.  a  p.r- 
•"^''•-^'   •'■'»'.  >a,vfuliv  a,„Hfv  w„h   ILSO.:  s,„-  a„,l  „lt.r  u,L- 
^■atdv^      |),-y  an,l  ,„.,n,.,-al.  ,lu-  „ltcr.   i„s,.  ,„■  s.„ntv.  cu„el    ,.f 
S-n.  ..n..,n,s,s  da„i,  tins  n,.tho.l  .,11  not  u-„rk  .„,  f.H,l  s.iiutions' 

•'M.    tnats   ,U.,i  assav-t„„s    ,„nf   U„v,    of  soh,ti,,n   ,u   a   tu-o-litre 

IKl  SK     \\1  t  fl    (  .11..      t  /  ,      »..-..      ._ . 

^■■-::::r.    ^^--pptT  SUipiiaU".       AlUT  shakin^^   Well. 


4r, 


k'l-A  /■\  I  (  )]  \i!ir  I'hWi  in  I: 


a<iil   III  tM   I."  CO.  strong;  HCl  and  shako  will  aKuiii        Fihor,  dry. 
atiij  ill.  iiu  rate,  fuso.  (.upol.  etc  .  as  liolorc' 

li       I'li-iipittitioii  by  Ziih  SliiiTiiiit;  I'l   Pitsl   ni   .1./,/  >i>lHtii>}i. — 

il     I.     I '111,1111    in   Jour.   (Ik  in    (.^   Mri    >,>.     n|   S    A      Dtxoiiiber. 

I'.HIJ,  riact'  a  l.iru'c  moasiirod  liulk  nl  ^ohiti.m  in  ,i  llask.  acidifv 
stronjjly  with  il,S(),  and  hriiii;  t"  a  Ixjil  A'M  M)  k'':«iiis  /iik 
shaving',  alimii  tiw  ^jranis  at  a  turn-,  waitinj.;  with  each  addition 
until  all  that  pri'vionsh-  a.M'd  is  dis-Juhrd  Kocp  sMhninn 
stronj^h-  acid  fhnui^'hnut  W'lirn  all  has  lucn  addi-l  and  dis- 
siilvi'd.  put  m  Mile  u'latn  pniipitatcd  -iiu  ia  tu  cullcit  tlnatiii).; 
niattor.  Iiltn-  ihrnui^'h  d'.iiMc  papcis.  dr\-  and  char  thr  papers 
on  a  scohlicr,  and  thm  ad.l  test  lead,  scoi-ity  and  .  uprl  This 
tiirtliMd  <  an  111'  n--i  i]  tm'  An  mtlw  -.ini  r  Ai'  di-suhi'^  as  sulphate, 
A  mill  II  Ttimr  prai  t'l  al  nicthnd  i--  used  m  the  Bhu  k  HilN  and 
elsewhere  Tn  ei^ht  assa\-tiins  of  sdhitiun  are  added  en.iu^di 
silver  nitrate  -.ilutiim  to  turnish  inijiiartatiun  lnr  ;,'iild.  then  II  H:{ 
to  ().")  t;rani  /iiii  du-t  and  sutlieiem  il.SO,  t"  rea^  t  emnpleteh-. 
"^av  .")  t"  III  I  1  Stir  a  littli'  and  lilter  tl.ruueh  an  urdinars'  jiaper, 
dr\-.  iininerate.  and  tuse  m  a  i  ruril.le  '.ilh  litharge  and  redueer 
tnr  a  lead  huttun.  whieh  is  i  upelled,  ete 

7  I'u,  ipil.itiou  Uy  l:niii!sioii  i']  /.:>!•  I  lliyt  ill  I.I  ,ui  \ct.ltC. — 
This  nuthiii]  was  used  in  smne  lar.m'  mills  m  Cnliiradu  a  lew  vears 
.iL,'ii.  liut  I  am  unalile  \i>  '.;i\e  mure  than  a  hare  outline,  and  dn  nut 
knnw  hnw  it  will  werk  nut  Make  a  tliin  paste  nt  zm  dust  in  a 
stri'iiL;  suhiti'in  nl  l.-ad  aeetate  and  add  almut  ^  e  i  ,  ul'  this  tu  '-'II 
iir  iili  as>a\-tiiiis  uf  snlutiun,  Ai;itate  and  let  stand  inr  a  time, 
I'llter  and  add  dilutt  il.,S(),  tu  the  lilter  and  wash  Hry,  filter, 
ineinerate,  tuse  with  hthari;e  (or  seiirit\- with  test  lead  ,  and  euiiel. 
ete  Th.is  is  \  irtualle  the  same  as  sui.'L'ested  lur  euld  treatment 
nt  tile  niiiditied  t'liiddev  seheine.  alread\-  deseril.ed,  thnui^di  ditTerinij 
in  man'pulatinn. 


II  MhllliUi^     Willi   II     i,\llil,l<      I'KI-eliir^     MLT.M.s     |N      I,K,\I)     THAT 

(  A\    HI-.    I  1  I'l:  Ml-  ii    1)1  khe  r, 

1,  l:i\ipi'i ,itii>ii  either  11  mdueted  eniirele  in,  or  finished  in.  a 
leaihfiiil  traw  when  sulutiiin  is  ei  nnparatn  ei\'  small  m  amount 
(one  to  two  assa\'  tons  and  eontaiii'-  onl\-  small  :imounts  of  dis- 
sol\  ei!  salts  jsee   1    i  1  ,]. 


^      ''''■//'■r^/-'/'-./.-r,n.„l„„a.,„n,|..s,n!,..,l.     This  s.-.n      ■ 


ass. 


'"         '  'MMKIMI.l  Ki,      \|,.:t1|(M)-,     lt.,r  ^-,,1,1  ,,„Iv,. 

to,,  o,    .old       Pnst.r  ,„    /,„„     cium    Mr,    .>  .1/,,,    >„,-    ,,f  s     A 
DecemluT.    n»K{,  «av..  a  nu-tlH..!  win,  I,   u.,nM   ..  ,„   „„.  ,„„.  ",  „; 
r^.u.lus.      H.' a.l.ls  to  ,„..a..i,„n,.,,  .„,,,„„,,„,.„„„„„, ;;,•„; 
assa>    a  feu   c-uhu-  rmtuncfvs  ,,t  ,,    lo  ,    .,,i„,„,„  ,„  ,.^,.^,,    ^ 


ta,nin>:  I'd',     XaCl,   an.l    a.  ,,l,iir,| 
l"l  II   1h,i1,,]    III 


with    acetio 


etto  acpi   .ilt.r    lia\in  ' 

c.p.tate  rvsuhm,  n-.„w.l.hM,.,  ,,Mln.n.a.,.„,  ,.nl,..n.,l  ,,,,,  ',,,1 
J..ssolve-i„,aK,Vsolu,,,,„,  an.  ,,,,,n.   .a..,..^ 

ayi  tn..,.,l„„   ,l„.„lt..rwul,  .1,1,,,,.    I,,-,       T,van,„.„,  ,  .f  ,  h.  „„„. 
hlK-r  u-„  1,  a,i„a   r..«.a  (minnnum  ,,„a„,„^     ,li..,,,v,..  ,,„,  .,,,,,    „„, 

m  .1..  s.hn,..,a„..x...ss  of  s,,-,,„,  .,a„„,.us  ,.l,,,,n,i,.  ..,,,,,,,„  ,,v,.s 

''"      -n''-;;'^--    ...t,ul„..h,navl n,,,an.,lw:„,s,an,i:r,ls 

-■"-■'■    In..     I'n.,..,-  ,,„1.I,.1„.,1   a   M,n,.l„„.ano„  „,    ,h,.  .,,,.,,„: 
"''■'•'■-•■'•:'■'■'"••■       Tin    ., .,„„.,„  u,„l..,-,. -St    ,s   ,„..,„„„   upto,,,.. 

;;";,^'->'''"-'"'-'-^  f.h.t,, .o,„.„„ „,„.,■  .n,..i,„M;;; 

.M    .  r.,.ra„„.u„„Iall   .1,,.  .,„,    ,.   ,1,..,,,,.,.,,       •,-,■...,    ,vm,!„..  „„ 

^''^■""■'■"'" ■'■   '■"ta.,uan.„a,.iIIC|,  .'IIXO,   ,iua„.,-,     o-J 

'"■""",'""     '■•""■'"  ■llv,l„-.,uu'hsa,m.  Ml, ..,■  at  a  1.0,1       Coll,..     ',„  , 

;:;;Vp'^^ '-'''-'■'-■''■-!''rs''s,a,„,o,,s.,,io,.i.;as,;r;' 

'      .'""''■■'"^■^'""^^--'"-l-— l-l.Mntc.,-„-a„o„,„,l,,„lt,,. 

smal    a,„ou,,,.  an.l  a  la,-„.  ,.x...s  o,  .,a„„„u.  .l,l„n,K.  ,.L.,, 

^.'/./       ll.niv  R.  Cassrl   has  .,,-,„  a  p.-.,,,,.-.. „„   '    ,     ,  ^ 

-.■,,    I,,  .       ,      .        .  "^       1' a  I  ,  1..,......^  .|im  K  trs,  as  follows: 

V      ;      \         ;    '"""'■    ^V'"""    "^'"'    ^'""■'^-    ""'''     a,  tion  starts. 
Uh.n   a.„n„    hasc..as.,i.   a,M   ,irop   l,v   ,in,p  a   stron.  soI„t.,„   „f 

p-M,.u.  c  ■„.„,„.•.   un„i   ,|„.  soluti.m  is   ,„s,   colorless.      In  about 

ha!ta,n,n.,p.,h..pun,K...oIorwilHo,„,.      M,-.  Casscl  says  th^  ^ 


is 


Ki-A  /■XT  (  wwiiu-:  i'i< !(  1 1(  I-:. 


can  \>v  inTtnniiril  in  tlircf  iiiimilc--.  aiiil  i<  ilcliratc  tu  a  \aiut' 
"f  a  fru  cfiit^  I'tT  tdii  t,{  suluti"!!,  I^y  II  iiirciit  ratiiV;^'  l'\'  I'xapn.'a- 
tinn  \"(Ty  li  i\v-L,'railf  suhitiniis  nr  Jilntiiii:  tluKc  ido  strnnL;  m  l^'uM. 
till'-   nii'thdil    iiiav    apjih"    tn   a    wiilc    raiv^c 

Ilr  al--i '  lived  ntlur  a'^'i'iHs  til  an  i"ita-.siuni  livunialf  a--  a  'li-.>trii\- 
iT  ot  tlir  intrrtrvrni-f  i'\  (AatT  iL;rn.  naniflw  pnta^siuni  clilcratc  aiul 
lU'L  nr  1 1  ._,S'. ),.  wii  ii  limL,'  Imilin^.  iMita^^nnn  limniiilc  fullwwi-u  li\- 
Sddiuni  I  icn  ixiik' ami  nculrali/alii  111  with  II  .S( ) ,,  aftn'  wluili  IU"I, 
aii'l  stannous  ililnri'ic  arr  aiMi'il  tn  ,L;i\c  the  idlnr.  This  last  aits 
w'fll,  Aimthir  sclu  iiic  i-~  tn  aihl  tn  tin-  sulutiiiii  (inr-thircl  its 
hulk  111'  strniii:  ainninnia  aiiil  thru  lU'iit  i-alizr  with  sti'i  iii-  11. SO,. 
'ITu'  siilutiiin  will  thru  rract  with  staiininis  rlilnriili-.  l-'ni'  ijuanti- 
tati\T  wnrk.  staii'larils  imist  lie  iinparril.  ami  tn  niaki'  tlirsf 
iluralili'  is  a  .Lrrcat  ilil'tii  ult  v  nf  thr  iiirthnil.  (."misiilrralilr  skill 
IS    alsi)    m'filtul. 


I\'.      Ki.ia  ^RllI.^  rn    mhtihids, 

I  / ifp,'s;ti.'ii  im;  /.,',;,/  In  I'r.ins  hisl.  ii/  Miu  &  Met  .  Ma\- 
Hi,  I'.M).'),  I"  15  Stcviiis  i;i\i.s  a  nutliml  w  hii  h  ilncs  nut  aiiprar  in 
[iiissrss  any  aii\anta;4cs  ii\aT  tlu'  rluiiiiral  iimrcssis  in  jmints 
lit  time,  n  iiu  I'liinii  r.  I  ir  aii'urarw  I'uurtcin  tn  twciitv  as--a\'s  nf 
1(1  ass,i\-  tiin>  rach  ('_".•'_'  i- a-  arc  clntrnlw.cil  hv  rtirri-nt  t'mni 
1  l(t-\-nlt  livh'iii;,^'  main  tnr  tniir  hmirs.  usini;  a  Irail-tnil  rallimk' 
lit  1  \iinilriial  sliain-  _'|,  in  hiirli  aiiil  I  in  iliatii  .  wiiii  thrcr  X 
iintrlics  anmiiil  thr  linttnni,  ami  a  larirr  imii  nail  tnr  aiiinlr,  'j'n 
each  assa\-   I'J  tn  1.')  i   r    nf  stmiv^  ainnmnia  is  aiiilcil,      Thi'  latiimic 

sllnulii    111'    rn\CR,!    with    nnr-ll.llf    ill.   ll    nf    ■-nhltlnll  TwrlltX-    aSsa'/S 

trivr  jiist  ri'^ht  risistaiirc.  aiiil  with  Ir^s  than  14.  rlntri.'  latnj.s 
niii^t  lie  \'\\\  ill  liniiit  With  a  .iiiTrnt  xaiwiiv^'  fmni  iioti  tn  1  _> 
aniinTi'.  aicnrilini,'  tn  fnujm-ss  nf  the  sulutinn.  the  '^nM  rnnu's 
liown  li'-i,L;lit  Thr  cathnili  is  waslinl.  ilrinl,  rnllnl  uji.  and  si-nritifij 
with    trvt-lnad    lnfnrf    ru|irlliiiL;. 

Tlir  iiiiK-  tij,nirt.'S  },'im-ii  tnr  inniplrtrnc-s  nf  [irciipiiatinn  state 
that  a  s,  ilutmn  ran-\-in's' ■'^111  tn  >l,")  in  L^nM  v.ill  hr  i  kaiu'd  tn  .ihmit 
HI.  in  Imir  hnur-  If  this  is  thr  lust  tha'  ran  In-  ilniu  ,  the  tin  llinii 
i^  tint  appiiialiir  tn  Inu  L;railc'  -Mihitinns  It  wniijil  soMii  that 
riipillatinii    nt    tlif    lathniir    1111.1,'ht    liv    mailr    witlmut    pn  liininarv 


■////•■  .1--M  V  .  <i-  (V  1  \7/;/-;  .■^(ii.rr/oxs. 


4!» 


.  ''  ^^■'"  '"■  "■'"'■'■■"  'liat  tM,-  ,n.Kt  nt  tl,ral„.vr  nuiho.ls  rha.-es 
"I  Ml  a.sav-tun-,.  .„•  l-.ss.  aiv  r,T,.„,„„.„,l,,i,  ,,-!„, .|,  ,,,„  ,„,,|,.,j,, 
s.,ni  maJr,,„atr  tn  soino,  partirularl v  Snulli  AlVi.an  ,,,KTalu,-, 
M-M  hn.,'],.!,  authunii.s  .a.  Julian  an. I  Smart,  in.i.t  that  nnlv 
vrrv  la,-r  rhai-rs  l.r  v.M-l  Thr  author.  „anir,l  sav  „,,t  l.ss 
than  .;(.  a.say^tnn>  an,l  up  to  .'l)(l.  In  Anu-rua  hahnu.s  .an 
iva.hlv  l,r  inirrha-r,l  whi.h  arc  sriKitisv  m  ll(i|  „,„  ,„■  ..vm 
"■"-'""'•"'  "t  thi.,  -'-akn,^  thr  tnnn.T  l,^u,v,  -(M)\is,a  v-tnn. 
"■■■"I'l    l;,v.   ^,,1,1    rr.uh.   a.vurat,.   .,,   tar  a>    tl„.    ^vvn^hu^^   ,.   r-,n- 

'■'■'■"'■''■    "'   "■ !"■'■   '■■"       What    ...n.-.ivahh.   usr   >u.h    a    -h-nv 

ot  ,..vr.s,un  can  1„.  ,.  „,,t  .tat.M        Kv.,,  :;o  as.av-t.,n.  wnuM  un>d, 

dou-„t.,(M)(17,whph,..artn,..r,hauava>lal.I..n>.th,„N,,,-sa,nphr.K 
an.l  :n.a<unn^  ,„•,■  an.i  ...htl.un  tn„na,rs  ,u.t,fv,      Trn  assav-tnns 

-'"'■  ''   '"■^"'   ^^■-■-li^'I'l''  t"  <M.2.   an.i   n..th,n^  h.M.Ks  n, vvstiL^aliun 
w.irk   iifcl  he  r,,rucrnc,l   with   less   than   tins. 


Tin-:   ASSAY  OF  C-VAXIDE  SOLUTIONS 

(Apn:  L's    mm, 
The    Kditiir: 

Sii-  Mr.  William  .M:i,i,'cnau,  in  ximr  issue  (if  April  I  4.  nuiuinns 
SdiiK'  Tiioilifiiatinns  in  the  iiU'thn.l  ni  Mr  Allrcii  Chi.idrx-  .IrseriluMi 
in  The  /-'.uiiiuirriin:  ami  Miiiiiii:  h'unuil.  n\  Man  li  _'s.  WHY.i.  I 
ha\i'  used  till'  sanu-  nu'tliod  with  sonu'what  liiffcrmt  ni' Mhtuations, 
urttini;  afcuratf  results  hut  I'onsimiini,'  a  niu.  h  lutii^cr  tinir  The 
niethnil.  as  iiKxlitieil,  is  as  tnllnws 

i'ake  10(1  re.  of  the  sulutinn  [n  ],v  assa\eil.  mh]  7  i  i  ot  a 
U)' ,  leail  aeetate  SMhition.  then  a>M  (jue  -ram  <>\  ziiu  >lia\iii>,'s 
and  plareon  the  lujt  plate.  Heat,  hut  imt  in  I„,ihni,',  until  tlie  lead 
lias  1,'athered  armmd  the  pieees  ..t  /.in;  .  This  usualh  takes  ah.iut 
_'."i  minutes.  This  pre(  ipitation  lieim,'  e.miplet.',  2ll  e.e.  edii- 
emtrated  IR'l  is  ad<!ed  an.l  the  lieatim,'  ei.ntinued  until  all 
etterx-esitilee  has  stnp]nMl.  The  lea.l  is  tlien  in  sueli  a  -^pon.uv 
ediiditmn,  that  l.\-  the  aid  <>i  a  fhittene.l  .ylass  rod.  it  ean  1  .e  pressed 
into  a  eake  and  the  elear  snluticin  poured  off.  Wash  the  lead 
twiee  and  then  with  tin-  tm.L^ers  press  it  into  a  eompaet  mass, 
drop  m  a  lead-foil  funnel,  lea\  im;  a  \  eiit  for  escape  of  the  steam, 
plaee  ni  a  hot  cupel  and  jmieeed  as  in  an  ordinarv  eujiellation. 
This  latter  ojieratKin  consumes  friiin  2.")  to  :{.">  minutes;  the  lead 
button  is  reail}^  lor  eupellation  in  aiioui   one  hour. 

I  ha\'e  used  thiscin  solutions  \-ar\  ini;  in  stren.i;th  from  0,01' , 
KCX  to  O.  p  ,  KCX  and  in  \alue  from  0  04  to  :;  o/  -dd  per  ton. 
1  have  also  used  it  for  the  assa>^  of  silver  solutions,  l.ut  when  thev 
are  ricli  the  n-sults  are  lower  than  those  ohtamecl  1,\-  the  evapora- 
tion  in    leacl   tioals. 

I  he  secret  of  keeuin.!,'  the  lead  from  hreakmu!  up.  i-  not  to 
allow  the  solution  to  eome  to  a  lioil  at  anv  state  ot  the  procedure 

XoHM.w   ('    ,Siin:-;s 

Berkelev.   Cal  .   April   L'H,    I!t0(i. 


Till-:  tri-:at.\[i-:xt  of  di-skrt  ori-s 

Tllr    I-^illtor. 

Sir  One  of  thr  first  rr,|uisit,s  .,f  .^r,,,,,)  ^..-iticisn,  i.  that  th,. 
cTit.r  shall  at  K.ast  ^uv  l„s  virtini  a  ta.r  lu..rin-,  I  rrtrr  tn  o-r 
ta,n  strutur-s  ,„  vour  ,ssiu.  of  April  2s.  „„  a  \,nrf  artu-l..  ,,f  .nin. 
tou.huiL:  ,!,,..„  ,„v  t,vatn„.nt  in  tlu-  T,,„.,p,,h.(;,,l.i,„i.,  .Hstrirt 
t  unwmmulv  I  havr  inMMm  n,u^-l,-sl„„l  ,,„  anv  n{  Mr  lUTtran, 
HutUs  n„talh„-i.al  hnl,l,i,.s.  I  am  surrv:  l,ut  iH.fM.v  ..n.it.nn.^ 
'-'  '"'■"lal  apnjn.^.v  I  must  a.k  hitn  tn  ,1,,  ,„,.  th.-  ,usti>v  t'u  n-rra.l 
"iv  arttd...  wlnrh  hr  sm  hlumlv  ,l,Mn.ssrs  an,]  sn  ,,l,v,.,„slv  nns- 
uiiijcrstands 

''1  rH.Trnr,-  tn  th.-  n.vcss,,  v  ,,f  amalt,'anK.tinn  at  tlu-  Cuniluna- 
"""'"■"^"  <-Ml-M.  1  v,-asn,.t  un,l.  rtak.n,..  as  M,-.  Hunt  .ntVrs 
a.;,-n.-ral,l,s,.uss,.,n.,t  Hu-  I  ivattn-nt  '  •.,(  ,,x,.liz.-,l  n,vs  .,f  the  ,1,-scrt 
r.-.u'inns  .,t  .W-va.la  an.j  Calit.M-nia  ■'  Th.-  .lassita-ati-m  . -f  Mc-sm 
-r.s    ,.  My,   i[„,„-.  ,,,,„       ,,  ,,,^,„,^  J,,  ^^^^,  .^  ^^^^^^^.  _^_^^_    j^^^^^^^^^^  ^^^^ 

snrts  „t  „n-s  a,v  t,.,„,,|  i„  ,h.-  .K-s.-n,  ,-,-,|uinn^  various  mcles 
'■'  "'^""H-nt.  an,!  var,ati,,„s  .|uit.-  as  ,,n.n.u,n.-.-,I  ar.-  Inun.l  it, 
n..a„ua,n,.us  r.-,:,,ns  an.l  h,;;h  altitu.i,-s.  Hani  ,,r..  ar.-  f,,un.i  in 
'^"■'  ''''T''.  ^'^  "■•■"  ^'^  --'•  "'■'■^:  "^i'li/>  1  as  w.-Il  as  sulphid.-;  an,l 
anv  t.-.hn,.al  man  familiar  with  -l.-s.-rt  ,  ,,n,lui.,ns.  vsp.-.iallv  thns,- 
'.I'M-'-vaM,-  at  |-.,n.,pah.  C-iMfi.-M,  an^l  Mnlltn,-.  w,,uM  "irinllv 
'■'"  """  '"'>■  ''l>ni.l.-r  of  niakin.^r  so  m.-a.nn-;U-ss  a  .-lassifu-ation 

I  was  n.,t  ;:.-n.-rah/,no  ,vh,n  sp.-akni-  of  or.  tr.-afm,-nt  at 
"'^'  <'"»l""at,on  n„n.-.  I  was  phunlv  r.-f.-rnn-  to  a  sp.vific 
>-aM-  o,  an  „,„„„,.!  „,„,  ,  „■  oxi,!u.-,l  ,,r.-.  p.-.uliar  t.,  a  I,n„t.-,i  ,iis- 
tn.t  Mr  Hunt  a,lv,,.at.s  .Irv  .rnslun,^^  as  applu-,1  to  ,h.-  soft 
oxi.hz,-,!  p,.ro„s  ,,n-s  of  th,-  , l.-s.-rt,  un.K-r  th.-  impr,-ssi,,n  ,-vi,i.-ntlv 
that  tins  ,s,h,-  sort  ..f  .,n-  f,,un:l  at  C.  .Mlu-1,1.  and  that  it  is  diara-- 
tmstu-  ot  th.-  d,-s.-rts  oi  W-..  ada  and  Cahtomia  Tins  is  an  ,-rn 
'"to  wln.h  ,,flu-rs  hav..  fall.-n  who  ar.-  not  a..|uaint.-d  w„  h  tl„ 
s..i.H,.-rn    .\.-^ada    fi.-lds       Tlu-   ox.dizoi   or.-s   of  (loldtu-id   an-   not 

porous,   and    tlu-\-   a'-.-   not    sof'     i--    (■:   .    ii,  i      , 

.,,  -       •      ■'    '    '■'"^-  '"    'a.  t    tni-\    ar.-  .-xi r.-tiu-l v   hard 

""■  '■•■'■  o|  th.-  f.mdnnation  mm.-  has  l„-.-n  d.-s.-rilu-d  as  a  -silioitied 
•■'"'''''"'■       "   '^  "'  ''•"■'!  ^""!   l""^'l'  and   lnu-L;ra„u-,|   that  .s.-l.-ol.-.l 

pu'c.-s  ,.f   r.    ha\,-   In-.-n   ,onsid,-n-d   suitahl,       ,r  n-„f.-„-i l„.   ♦,;... 

P'''-"l''s  .n   tlu-  fu!,.-^.n,ll   us,-d   tor  r.-^nn-iiu^  the  s.,ftor  sulphi.le 


vi  ir 
u- 


I 


52 


Ki-A  i:\r  (VIA //'/■:  /'/\.  w  tk  /■: 


lire.  Scinir  i.]c;i  .if  it-;  Iiar'liirs^  may  lif  yatlu'i-ccl  (vmn  thr  fad 
that  1.:{1)(I  11.  -taiii].^.  with  ti-in.  ilmi),  lalliti'^  1(1(1  tiiiu  s  [.ir  niin. 
will,  uiiilcr  tlu'  ln-st  I  i.n.litiiiiis,  put  .Jiih-  4  in  :\\  ti.iis  yvv  stamp 
per  ilay  tlir(iui,'h  a   I'J  iiush  wirr  sirrrii, 

Mr  Hunt  l.iwails  ■'the  iircscm  fashi.)n  of  ])uttiii'.^  m  stamp- 
mills  an.!  amali^amatini;  ari'aiiijrmcms  follnwril  h\^  a  rx'aniilc 
.amifx.  as  i]iU'  m  .It-ly  tn  the  ri.m]}('lliiiL;  pi:\wr  of  mstom  "  If  surli 
is  thr  priAailiiiL;  praciicr,  it  is  much  tn  he  iloplciml .  aii.l  1  rri^rct 
it  nn  Kss  than  he,  Ihit  tlu'  allusion  so  jiapahly  insinuatrs  that  I 
have  olTcn.lcl  in  tln'  case  of  tliv  Conil.inatioii  mil!  tliat  I  hasten 
to  relieve  Mr,   Hunt's  anxiety  on  this  se.  .re  li\-  otferiuL;  a  few  fai  ts, 

'i"he  t".. ml. illation  imll  at  ( 'loliltieM  was  not  iiistalle.l  until 
tile  treatment  of  the  ore  lia.j  l.eeii  throu.Ljhly  iiu'esti'^'ate.]  Tins 
re<iuire.l  about  six  months  Lalioratorx'  tests  were  ...m.rnied 
l.\-  millin;.:  tests.  Dry  i-rushitiL;  was  L;i^en  a  fair  trial,  l.ut  the 
extraction  in  each  instance  was  ]ioor;  and  after  tifteeii  .la\s'  leacliin.t,' 
with  the  ordinary  strctT^th  of  solution  use.l  on  '^'ol.j  ..ns,  it  was 
still  found  possiMe  I.,  pan  fp.m  tlu'  tailin.i;  (■(.nsideral.le  .piantities 
of  ,;.,'.. M  uniliss..l\-e.l  l.y  .yaiiide  Sexcral  stren'.,'ths  .  ,f  solution 
Were  trie.!:  the  on  was  rc.lucc.l  to  \ari..us  (Ie<;re's  ,,t  imi'iiess;  and 
still  .h-\-  crushin-  was  not  api.lieal.le.  I'inalh'  wt  t  crushini,'  under 
stamps,  tollowed  l.\-  amal'^'an^ation.  coneenlratioii.  and  c\-aiiiilation, 
was  |..u!i.l  to  l.e  the  proper  treatment,  aii.l  was  adoptcl,  1  .].>  not 
l.rop(,s,.  t..  enter  here  into  the  .Ictails  ..f  treatment.  ,is  I  am  reserv- 
ing,' this  tor  a  special  ai'ticle.  Hut  sut'ti' e  it  t'l  sa\-  that  cntrarv 
to  .Mr,  Hunt's  l.ehcf.  the  matter  of  or.'  treatment  was  !^'i\en  a 
thorou-h  stud\-;  an.l  we  wi're  n..t.  at  least  in  this  instance,  the 
sla\-es  ( .1   cusi.  nil. 

In  r.'-ard  m  the  ri'c..\-ery  of  yoM  .,n  plati-s.  1  W(.ulil  certainly 
a.lc.icate  the  use  ol  amalyaniation  where  as  much  as  .")()'  ,  ,,f  the 
Ljolil  can  lie  so  re.-o\er..l  .Mr  Hunt  is  p.issil.l-,-  n,,.  tamiliar  with 
the  i-haracter  of  the  -oM  f'..un.l  in  -l.e  (;..lillie].l  .listri.t.  It  is 
tine,  to  l.e  s-are.  as  .listin,miisheil  from  the  coarse  ..^ol.l  ..f  the  Cali- 
fornia .\l..ther  I....|e.  which  viel.N  such  hi-..;li  results  t..  ainal..,'ama- 
tion;  l.ut  n  is  not  l.x-  anv  means  iiuisilile,  and  most  .  .f  it  can 
he  ■panned  ..ut'  ill  an  ..rdmar\'  miner's  pan  In  other  wonls. 
it  is  t.Mi  coarse  f..r  .lircit  c\-anidin'^'  and  too  tine  for  the  l.est  results 
l.\-  amal.<,'amati'.ii.  .Moreover.  Mr.  Hunt  has  e\i.leiitlv  n..t  con- 
si. lere.l  the  ..^n-i'at  advaiitat;e  of  lieini;  al.h  to  secur.'  .laily  from 
jnans  .j(;   ,    oi   i;\v  extra.  ti..n  .  .1  li.iiiie.  i   ioini  .>.'»i(  or.-,  as  eoniiiared 


rill-:  IKE  MMi-.xr  or  i)i-:^i-:i<r  hav,-. 


with  waitiiiK  tor  \hv  tr.li,,us  monthly  n,-  l,i-n„,„thlv  ,  k.an-uj) 
m  a  cyani.ir  plant,  an^l  his  su-'^^stion  that  amalKainaliun  hctnci 
attcr  (-yanLlr  tivatnunt  I.>  passiiT^'  the  tailing  -nviT  some  aiiial- 
k'ainat;nL,'  .Icvio."  uhil,-  no  ,loul,t  in-cnious.  will  hardlv  at),.fal 
scTiouslv  I,,  pra.tiral  tinlhntcn.  An.l  what,  l.^t  mv  ask,  does  Mr 
Hunt  propose  to  do  with  th,.  very  hi-h-.^'rade  concentrate  obtained 
tn>ni  this  ore,  whirl,  it  ,.avs  s,,  well  to  extrart  and  ship-  Must 
tins  also  !,e  reiiKJVed  after  e\  anide  treatment' 

My  >ritie's  views  , ,n  this  whole  sul.jeet  are  summed  up  in  his 
query,  "As  the  niaj<.rityo!  these  ..xi.h^ed  ores  j,.ive  a  [.raetieally 
eomjilet.'  e.araelion  l,y  ,lireet  eyanide  treatment,  what  is  the 
advantage  of  usin-  hoth  amalgamation  an.l  evamde  to  ree.n  er  the 
same  \  altie."" 

My  answer  is  that  I  do  not  admit  the  eorri'c  tness  oi   .\[r    Hunt's 
pn-mises.       He   is   evidently    an   anient    advoeate   of   drv    erushin^; 
and  while  I  ,l,,lnot  intend  to  p'-"lon-  t  his  diseussi,,,,  into  a  eonsi.i- 
cration    of   the   n  spretive   merits   ,,f   the   two   proeesses,    I    eannot 
retrain   'nim   mentionm-  some  of  the  more  senous  limitations  <,f 
drv  ,rushin,i,r       A    fc^w    vears    a.yo    I    was    happilv    instrumental    in 
eonvertm-    ,.ne    of    th,.    lar-est    -Irv-erushin-    plants    m    the    West 
ithat  of  the  C.ild   Road  min,.  in  Arizona     into  a  wet-erushm-  mill 
It  was  an  e.xpeiisiv,.  and  welhe,|uipped  plan;  :::^.l  ha.i  been  in  opera- 
tion several  vears;  and  s,,  ;ar  as  I  eonhj  see,  it   had  been  u,,rke,l  to 
its    hiuhest    eftuieney.      The   c^xtraetion   obtained    was   about    SO','. 
The  ehan-e  to   wet  erushin-.   „si„u    Huntin-ton   mills   in   eonjune- 
t.on     with    the    e(,arse    rolls    alreadv    installed,    and     Delme    tilter- 
pns,es  to  handle  the  slime,   raised   the  ixtraetion    10',,   and  eon- 
siderablv    decreased    th.^    o.st    of    treatment,      Amal-amalion,    in 
this  case,  was  disp,.ns,.l  with  alto-cthc  r,  as  on!v  about   1,V  ,    of  the 
value,  culd  be.  s,,  recvvred.      Two  other  representative  drv-erush- 
m-  mills,  one  ,n  Utah  and  the  other  in  somlu^rn  California,  are  now 
eonsidcrmL;   the.  remodclin.i:  of  their  plants  tor  drv  crushing,  after 
obtainin<4  promiMn-^  exjierimental  n-.n'i. 

These  projects  and  .h.an-c.s  are  all  basci  upon  the  following 
tacts,  wlneh  [  bc'lieve  will  s, .  .ut  or  later  rnluee  the  applicabiiity 
ot  drv  erushnu;  t,,  a  f.w  rarc^  and  isolated  easc-s,  ,1,  The  im- 
possibihtv  itrom  an  economic'  standpoint:  of  reducing'  ore  to  a 
suthcient  tmenc'ss  to  ,  n,sure  the  be^st  rec-ovrv,  without  making 
pere-olati..n  pn ,inbit i v.i v  slow,  (li,  The-  now  L-enc'rallv  aceeDted 
view  that   tlie  pro.hiet   of  any  ore  erushin-  mill   must   be   handled 


54 


Kl-A   l:\  I    (    WWIDI:    rk'A(    I  /(   /•;, 


cithcras  ,i  slinu',  <>v  a>  cla^^ilud  .-and  ami  sliiiir.  The  sljtn.'  i-(i|uu-fS 
sliort  ti'i-aliiu-iit  with  wcHk  st  .luf.Mtis,  ih,-  -aiid,  Iuhl;  rcniail  with 
stiMtiyrr  S'llutiuns  ICmm-x-  iii.Mlri-n  tnill.  <i]MTatiii'4  .ui  a  l(iuj,al 
lia-is.  tmi-t  liaii.llr  it-  liiial  i  xannhn-  tnatrrial  as  two  sr].arat.' 
products. 

Aside  Iroin  the  ,i;i-t'at  discoiiitoi-t  to  w-orkmni  in  a  dr\'  rrusliiiii; 
mill,  and  thr  iTsultiii'^  urlli^fouiidrd  prriiidirc  which  thcv  have 
ayainst  these  mills,  the  Lifeal  hindaiiietital  oI,|cction  to  this  tvpe 
is  that  It  is  not  adapted  to  the  re(|uirements  o|"  the  latest  and  l.e,-t 
practice  in  cyaniiliii'.^e  An  excption  to  this  w,,uld  In  in  the  treat- 
ment oi  a  poronsore  .  oiuainim,'  little  or  no  amal^amal.le  L'old.  and 
rei|uirinL;  hardlv  more  than  hreakiiiL;.  likt  the  ore  loriiierK'  treated 
in  the  old  Mercur  plant,  or  an  ore  which  reipiires  roastue.,'  l.elore 
cyanidint;.  Conditions  so  ideal  tor  .lr\-  erushm-  are  rare;  at  least 
thev  at-'.'  not  lommon  eiiouudi  to  allect  the  i,'eneral  rule  prescribed 
aliove 

Mr.  Hunt  mentions,  ainotv.^'  the  o|,|rctions  to  wet  crushing, 
that  tile  moisture  in  the  ore  must  he  dis]ilaced.  eiitailiiiL;  a  loss  of 
cyanide.  This  wouM  he  a  \  cry  scrious  matter  indeed  u  ilure 
were  no  conceival ile  ohicctions  to  ,irv  crusliiiiL;.  ICai  h  method,  of 
course,  has  its  olneclional.h-  iVatures  The  discussion  of  so  impor- 
tant a  suhject  should  l,e  imdertaken  in  a  fair  and  liberal  spirit. 
the  merits  ami  demerits  oi  each  process  carefullv  wei-hed ;  and 
ol)\-iousl\-  the  final  c  hoic,'  accordc.l  to  tlic  method  which  has  the 
prcponderaiKc  of  commercial  aiKantai^es  as  applied  to  a  particu- 
lar ore  After  a  careful  study  of  the  two  methods,  and  some 
experience  in  l.oth.  I,  tor  one,  am  persuaded  that  the  present 
recot;,,j/,,,i  lu'cil  of  fine  L;rindiii'.^  in  c\-anide  wcjrk.  and  th(.'  treat- 
ment of  slime  as  a  separate  product,  will  ultiinatel>-  reduce  the  field 
of  drv  crushing;  to  a  \cr\   limited  sccipe. 

I'k.wcis    1.    I^osyti. 
San   i'raniisco,   .\Ia\'   II),    ]'.HU], 


.\<)Ti-:s  ox  TUHi:  MllJ.S  AT   l-:i.  ORO.   MKXR'O 

/■.'i(ihl,,li\>ii^  Tlic>  manauniuiit  Mt  ICI  On,  Miiiin-  \-  Railway 
''"  '''"'  •'  ."'""!  'lial  "I  tn.ul.lr  with  ih,-  f. uiii.lat inn  nf  <,nc  tube- 
niill.  .lur  t.i  iuipnipn-  scttiiiL;  nf  tin-  cniicnt,  Tluiv  i-;  a  tcrrihU- 
\il. ration  when  the  nnii  is  nmniii-.  It  wi.uld  l,c  hcst  to  make 
llir  lounilations  10',  hrax  i.r  than  thr  plans  usually  calk'.! 
tor,  usin-  thr  \crv  lust  rniicnt,  an.l  all..win<;  suffnifnl  tiiiif  to 
srt  ,Kar  throu-h  l.rloiv  the  tuh,'  starts.  Un.Krncath  tluTe 
shouhl  1,,.  a  ,un,„l  r.nuiit  li,„,r  >lM,,in.-  f,  a  s^'uttor  k'a.iin.i;  to  the 
cone,  spitzkastrn.  pump,  or  wlu-el.  cnnst  itutinj,' t  he  ivturn  lireuit,  so 
that  the  ll.K.r  can  hr  washr.l  with  a  Imsr,  the  washing,'  I.ein-  returne,! 
with  all  leakai,'e  of  mills  tor  n- -.^M-indin-, 

Kolatioii  It  is  important  that  the  tulies  rotate  in  a  direetion 
sueh  a.  to  .ause  tlir  thrust  ot  the  .Irivinir  j.inion  to  be  downwani 
into  the  pillow  block,  and  not  up  ai,rainst  the  eaji.  the  rotation 
should  be  elTeeted  bv  an  open  belt,  it  possible,  [f  in  a.  eomplishin^ 
this  the  mill  runs  baekward.  it  is  best  to  reverse  the  spiral  in  the 
fee.l-throat.  as  the  spiral  is  the  onlv  thin-  that  makes  anv  difTcr- 
eiKv  to  the  direetion  of  rotation.  The  spiral  at  the  disehar^e  end 
ean  be  remo\ed  alto,i;etlier.  as  it  seems  to  1„.  of  no  i>raetieal  value, 
mills  w,,rkinf,'  just  as  well  without  it.  as  (jthers  with  it  on  the  same 
work. 

Leaks.  A  leak  will  ofuMi  start  aroun.l  a  b.ilt  when  it  is  im- 
I)raetieable  to  shut  the  mill  d.,wn.  If  there  is  a  icment  floor 
It  will  make  no  dittereiiee,  or  a  bolt  may  eut  out  dilirelv.  In  this 
ease,  feel  in  the  hole  with  the  tint;er  and  if  the  liner  is  .i^ood,  put  a 
wooden  plu,.;  m  th-  hole  until  sueh  time  as  is  n.  .  .ssarv  to  shut  down 
for  more  extensive  repairs.  If  the  leak  oeeurs  at  tile  head  of  the 
mill,  the  sand  will  i;et  into  .u'ears  and  eut  them  badlv.  This  ean 
be  obviated  by  imttin.t,'  a  shield  on  the  ,i,'ear-wheel  rim.  to  eover 
outside  ends  ..f  teeth,  bv  tasfenin.t,'  iwith.  eap-serews  a 
nn;,'  eut  fr.uii  sheet-iron  .\"o.  14  orKi  ,<;au<4e.  This  shou!,].  by 
all   means,  be  <lone  before  the  mill  is  set   up. 

l-ced.  In  ease  the  feed-hoi)i,er  and  tln'  pipe  that  enters  the 
l-iuii  come  m  one  pieee   (as  tliev  ilid  at    Kl  Oro-.cut  the  pipe  otT  as 


.■56 


A7-,(    l:\  I     (    ]     I  \ ////..    /■/,'   1,    //(    /. 


(■l<^^^•  f.  ill.-  li.,|,i„r  a-,  pussiLlr,  ail.l  put  in  .1  llani^c  .  t  sU'i-v.'. 
thrcadi-il  m  .linvtiMH.  ., ,  that  llu-  iMtali^.n  "I  the  mill  mil  umi  s,rru- 
''    "•'       ■!'!"■    I'M"-    v.ill    hav,     tM    1„.   ,„a^lr   a    litllr    Im-rr    than    the 

I'"''''    '■'"    "''■    ''-^    lli''    >"mir,  Ilnll     will    lllv.sMlatr    MilillL;    the    ll.ipinT 

furtluT  Lark,  in  i.r.jrr  t.,  -n  at  tlir  pa.  km-  -kiii.l  Tlinv  !<  a 
k'l-ral  .Iral  . .)  wrav  ..n  llir  pipe  liv  lln-  m.an-  it  ,  an  l,r  ipiirkly 
an.!  raMlv  ,vplar,.l  Thr  l.r.t  parkin-  I.,  u-r  1.  ^in  ...mmun 
hiisr  rut  m  in^lr.  i.hia!  rm,->  'riinv  ^IimuM  !„■  a  .Ir  ualmn-  ,,,„,■. 
or  iiuli.-thuk.'niT.  .lir.,ll\-  ,,\,r  i!„-  hcl  ;i.,pp,T,  t.,  -.1  llir  pulp 
astliirkas  p,,ssil,lr  Im;-  thr  mill  iiiir  t,,  ,,n. ■,.,!•  lr>s.  Thr  M\,.r|],,^v 
frnm  ilii-,  ran  l.r  ,arrirJ  .,\,t  thr  null  int..  tlir  .jisrliavj.-  h,  ,x  t-. 
ililul.'  tiu-  pulp  a-ain  >. .  a-  I.,  niak.'  it  iL.w  thp.u'^.h  laun.jrr-. 

I'iil;.'nii  Th.'i-.'  >.h..ul.l  lir  a  plait., nn  ..\,T.'a.h  mill,  witli  :i 
hnpp.T  .iv.T  rarli  man  li..!r  t..v  pulling;  m  i.rM.l.'-,.  ,111. 1  thr  i.rl.l.lcs 
Hh'.uM  l.r  l,r..u-hl  111  at  this  lr\,l  it  p,,.siM,.,  t..  a\-..i.l  rlrvalm- 
th.-m^  Til.'  liiiin-  ..|  p,-!,l,l,s  im,,  tlu-  si.h-  ,,t  tli,.  ,„:||  j^  ,.,  .i,,^,.  ,,„,] 
I;ilM.n.,Us  I..1.  Tin-  plal|..rm  \v..ul.l  -i\r  arrrss  t.,  ili,-  j-ulp-lhirk- 
rnin-  r..n,-al-,.  With  rvcrxthinL:  arran.^..'.]  in  ih.'  in..si  r..n\rni,-nl 
inaunrr.  ihr  milU  -ImiuI.]  nm  a  maximum  ..l'  _'ltl  .la\-  j.rr  m..nth 
If  ''"■'■'■  ■"■'■  ""'v  ■'  '•■""  prl. I.Irs  I,,  put  m,  tu.,  ..r  thnv  m.'n  uill 
(li'^t^l!.uI.  tlu'in  .-asilv.  I.ul  ii  thrrr  is  a  -ivat  .pianlil\-  t..  a-M. 
''  '"  'P'"l<''''  '"  lill  'lit-  mill  lull  up  I.,  manh'.lr.  put  ..nth.-  ,1.,..;- 
t.'mp..raril\.  ami  .4i\c  th.-  mill  atrw  luriis  t..  .list  ril.utr  llirtn. 
n'pratin-  ihr  .  .p.Tati.  .11  until  s,uiiri,-ul  p.-l.l.lrs  ha\-.'  1,,-,'n  inln.- 
•'"'■'■''■  -^t  I'^l  •'■"  'ii-v  k.-p  ih,-  mills  ,„„■  t,,  thivr  .n.h.'s  m,„v 
Ih  ill  hall  t'ull.  l.\-  m.-asuivm.'iit  tn.m  i..p  ml..'  I..  p.-l.l.l,-s.  Wlu'u 
til.'  mill  is  ..prn.'.l  |..r  ivpairs  ih.'  |..rrman  nu'asuivs  il,,'  prl,l,K-s 
•■iii'l  ••'"1  I'll  thr  \v..rkm.'n  iusi  li.  .w  man\-  sarks  t..  a.M  Thr\- 
iii'MM-  all..\v  th.  m  I.,  wrar  .I..U11  tn..iv  than  I. .ur  m.hrs  I ,rt. ,rr  iv- 
lillm-, 

Liih-y.<.  'I"hr  Krupp  linirs  at  I'l  (  )r. .  arr  I  i,  in  t  hi.  k.  .  .1  .hill.'.] 
cast  in.n;  thr  ,hill  is  ..nly  al...ut  \  in  .Ir.-p.  an.l  wlu-n  it  w.'ars  ..lY. 
t!u>  l.alan.v  ..r  111.'  ].lal.'  \v./ars  mu.  h  tasl.T,  Thr  w.'ar.-n  tlu-  plat.'s 
is  .'hi.-llv  at  tlu'  h.'a.l  ..f  tin-  lul..^,  an.!  .Jiminishrs  with  ra.h  n.u- 
ol'  plairs  t.,..v.,r.l  Ih..  tail  Th.>  av.-ra-r  lit,.  ,  ,f  Krupp 
pku,  s  iKin.^r  III  .lays.  with,  mill  .\...  :!.  ruiinin',,'  :iL'  vv\  .  p.r  min  , 
c-..nlainm-  71,  I.ins,,i  p.'l. Mrs  an.l  -rin.lim^r  1  iT)  t.,ns..f  sail.!  p.'r  .kiv^ 
of  a  ■..■!■;,  hav.l  .piart/,  pr...huin.4  al...ul  .-)!)',  ,,1  malrrial  thai  '.vill 
pass  L'llll  mrsh.  lir,  ,,,  ,1,,,  ,vmain.lrv  i..in.^  l„.nv,vn  101)  an.l  i:,(l 
mrsh.       Tiu--    arr    v.::'.:     •.'.'.■.tt-'-.-.'.-.r    ;l^..;,-    !..»  ;;    :.,      .  :   ■    ■. 


.\"//.,s  ,,\    II  I  SI.  M/ijs     1/    /,/.  ,,A', 


'    .l//-,\7(  " 


cx.irl 


whitr  .aM  n-,,,,,  nn,  ,  l„llr.l.  I„n  „   i.  run  .„  v  rrv  th.n  s,-„„l  ,„.,Ms 
"'^'    '"""'''■'-    !'•'-    a    Inrnnil,,    (.„•    tl„.    .a.I.n-,    ul„.  h    pp.lu.c.    a 
v.-ry    l.anl    n.nal    .  !,.„     ihmu^.!,,    an,l    w.ars    rvrnlv    a>nl    ..(uallv 
''""■'■  '"  •'  'l"anrr  ,„,.|i  .„•  Irss.      I,  ua>  „.,,  ,„,.s,l,l,,  I,,  .,,,  ,!,.■  ,.xa.t 
"""'"■^'"""    ■"    ""■    >'■•">•    ''"'    anv    ,ntrll,;;,.m    l,„„i.;   v  ln,v,nan 
'""''•  ^"""  "■^'   "   ■-"'■   a>  a    hanl   wliur  .a. tiny  ,.,  „,a.|.  I,v    u^uv' 
ri-niclir.l  ,rn„  um,l    n   ,.  Nvn^  !.,„•  ,n  ^hr,,,,.  an^l    a.Mm./a    lull,' 
sulpliuv.      Xm  :;  mill  i,a>  mur  mws  ,,1  ,,lairs.  u„h  tlnv  hnlrs  ,,,,11 
""■  ''■"-'''  '^  ""  '"■  ^lian-..,l.  ,„akin,u  tlnv..  plates   with   1 « , ,   li,,K.< 
'"■''  "■  ''''^■''  'l'^'  I'la-  "t   tun  ,,]at,...  an,l  niakr  llirni   P,   ,n    th.rk 
At    hi  On.  thrv  nc'^vrrniplv  tlu^  mill  t.,  iv  Imr  ,1,   l,ut   put   u,  „„e 
'"■"">'■>'  plates  at   aiuiu-as  nrr.l,,!,   uul,  ,l„.  p,.M,K.,.,ll  ,,1       Tims 
''"■    '-■  '"     ^1""-'    I''at-    ■A.ll    l.r    l.^lu,,-   „,    h;„„il,.    ,1,^,,,    ,|„.    n„, 
'■'"-  '''•'"•■■   "    ^'■•'1   '^'^'   !""'-~-''-.  an.l   it   ..,„•  l.ivaks  l„.r.„v  it    ,s  w.,rn 
'.ut   .as  thrv  s,,m,i„„...  ,1,,.,  ,1,^,,,.  u-,11  1„.  K-..  „.,,„  ,,,  ,|ir,,v  aw.v 
llu'S.'  plat.-s   w.-ar  n„u  1,   l,,,,.^..,-  ,!,an    Kmpp  plalrs.   an,l  .nst    ,ust 
halt  as   nmrli,      Thr   plafs  must    1„.  ras,    ,„„■   m  .urvr,   tlu-   l„,l,.s 
vrrv   raivtullv   .■.„v,l.   an, I    tlu-  l„,lts   t.„-.-,l    tn,m   ...mm,.,   ,n,n   u, 
"ai'.T   "I  1„,1,..      Wlu'ii  thr  plat.-s   aiv   put    in.    srr    that    the 
■'  ^^""'  '^  "i"'"ii.ulilv  rl,'an..!  ,,ut   ,.f  h,,lr:  pla,,.  tw..  m.^n  ins,,!,, 
an.l  tUM  ,.utsi,l,.  ,,t  null,  lake  t\v,,  hmIs  L'  1 1 ,  tiin.  1,.,,^  t,.  i-ass  thn,u-h 
tlu    li,,lrs.   s,,  that    tlu-  nu^n   ,,utsi,K.  ,,,n   h.'lp  t,,  hit   the  plate    the 
'■'"K    -:.n,lin^'    it     t,,    ,.xa,i     p,,sit,.,n        TIr.    men    ,ns„le    ean    eas.lv 
''"'''  't  '"  l'la>r,  wlnl,.  the  n„ls  are  ,vm,,ve,l.  one  at  a  time    an,i  the 
''"''^   ''"'    '"       "'-i^''   ""■    t'"lts   t,,   a    firm    an,l    ,l,,se   seat.    w,ih   a 

^le.k'e.    while   th,-   nut    is    l,em-   ,{.]  ,(,,,„,,  ]    „-,,,,    .^    ^,_,-,      ,,.,,,„,,,,     j,^,,,^^ 

a  wash.er  an,l  .gasket  ni  1  ,n.  sheet  pa.  kin-  un,ler  th,.  nut  l!  the 
I'k-nes  are  well  put  m  s.,  ilu'iv  ,s  n,,  spnuL,'  an,l  the  l.,,lts  lit  per- 
t"tlv.  thev  will  w.-ar  ev.'nlv  ,i,,wn  t,,  ■  „,..  witlu.ut  hreakin-r  ,,r 
eausm.^.  anv  tn.ul.K,  F,,ur  m,  n.  atfr  thev  l,e,„m,.  lamiliar  with 
'!!-■  w.rk.  «ill  tak.-  .,nt  -.1,1  plates  an.l  put  in  new  at  th,-  rate  ,,f 
.■!l>"Ut    thr,-,-   per   h,iur. 

At  HI  On,  th,-v  hav,-  |,,un,l  that  tlu-  en.i  .iisehaiv,'  plate 
■n-  ■jralm^  -lis.  ha,-.-,l  p.-M.K-s  ,.„,  lar^v.  .-ausin-  un.Jue  waste 
ati'i  have  thus  n-pla.,-,1  ih.-se  with  ,,th.-.-s  c-<uitainin-  uhlon..  h„les 
;  ,n  !.v  ^  in,,  there  hein^  4S  h,,les  in  eaeh  1^  ,lf  plate  An  experi- 
nivntal  run  has  l-.-n  ma.ie  with  n-,i!ls  in  series,  that  is.  runnin,^^  all 
the  ,-,,ars,-  san.i  mt,,  ,,n.-  mill,  an,]  the  tine  return  san,]  into  a  seeon,i 
mill  i"h,-  ,-,jnsi-nsus  of  ,ipini,)n  is  th.-it  tins  is  th,.  t,,..;*  p.,..,i  —,.,.. 
ec,,n,.m.,-al   meth,.,]   an.l   th.w  are  installing  tw,,  tiew   mills.' to  l^e 


A7-.(  /-.A  y    (   ]'.\\ll>/:    I'K  1(   //(  /•. 


put  in  scrirs  with  the  nid  imc^  Tlir  pthMcs  >lis(  IiarK'iir^  tnuii  the 
tir^t  null  arc  ]iut  intn  the  scrnn'l,  wlurr  a  tiiu'  ills,  !iavL,'r  ^ratr  is 
usf.j.  tile  ]n  l.t.lis  linall\  iNsuiiii^  hrin;;  iKit  ninrr  than  J  i^i  \  m  The 
liiM-haryi'  must  he  \u\,,  an  upcn  hi.x  K.ntainmi,'  a  si  rnn  with  al  dut 
J-m  hdlo  to  latili  the  ]icMp1(s  ■i'h<'\  Ikim  in  \im-  a  Xm  ,')  mill, 
.")  It  'liani  ,  L'7  It  liinv,'.  in--iilr  nuaMirc  runnini;  .'^  !r\  jur  miii 
cntamniL;  l(i  to  17  tons  jnhlilo  ami  N.IUd  kiN.  hnns,  fcciuiiinv; 
11(7  li  ].  ;  a  Xn  \  null  .">  It  l.\  L' I  It  .  L'S  n\  |„r  miii  .  (  nntainiiiL; 
11  X<<  1-  t'>ns  iirlil.lcs,  7..')L'I)  ki!<.  hiurs.  and  r(i|uirin'^'  s,")  h  ji^ 
and  a  Xo  :;  mill.  I  It  1  in  Ii\  Ml  It  'J  m  rumum;  at  -Vl  n  \-  per 
imn  .  cnntainin-  7^  t<.ns  ih-I.I.K-,  I, .■)■_'(!  kilo  Imir-.  nciiiirini; 
'i"  h  p  'riu'N-  haw  dctrninncil.  attrr  sv  \cral  innnths'  carfful 
ol.str\  atinn.  that  the  Xo  :>  mill  is  thi  must  ri'miminal  and  clfi- 
(.lent  t<i  us(  .  and,  m  lutuiT,  tln'V  will  install  no  other  size 

The  icmsumjition  of  ]irMil(s  and  liners  lor  the  months  ,  ,t  (  ),  to- 
iler and  ,\'o\  eiulier,   l',t().')  imills  runnini,'  ',1.')'  ,    of  the  tiniei  was: 


M.:;  .\, 


I'l-l'l.ifs  I.UIM  , 


Ko.  Kill, 


'v?';i* 


."),n).')        1  :{(■).")       ."),:i7(i        I  :i(K) 
s,t>2.")  72',t      l(),tij.")        _'..-),s!i 

7,(t,^7        i,:n.')      lti,:ilii        _'..-)S!i 


ital 


•-'1,777         WA-W      .iL'. :•!().")        {\.X<,S 


'idle  mills  weri'  Ljrindin;;  al.oul  N,7ni)  t.ms  i)er  month  of  l.attt'ry 
sand,   hesides  the  return  sand. 

In  my  opinion  it  \\<iuld  he  a  Ljreat  aihantat^'e  lo  ha\f  the  liner 
plates  sluirt,  as  inenti,  .neil  alio\  <•.  fur  there  is  little  room  in  a  Xo.  :5 
mill ;  no  more  than  two  men  (.■an  -.voik  to  ad\aiUa^e,  and  the  i dates 
sh(.uld  lie  liL;ht  etloui,di  so  they  ean  l.e  handled  ijuu  kh"  and  easily. 
Hf.t  it  would  he  a  ',,'reat  mistake  to  make  them  with  only  two  holes, 
heeaust'  if  a  holt  eut  out,  the  le\(ra,L;e  of  the  plate  on  tlic  other 
liolt  \\\\\  soon  l.r-ak  it.  eausim^  .m  endless  amount  of  troul.le, 
neeessitatint;  a  shut  down  to  replaei'  a  ln.lt  at  i  ■m  e  With  three 
liolts  in  a  jilate,  if  one  eomes  out,  the  ot  her  two  will  hold  the  plate 
firmly  in  position  until  suih  time  as  is  neeessarv  lo  shut  down  for 
more  extensixe   rejiairs. 


MICTALLL  RdlCAL  I)I:\'I:L()I'.M1: X  r  ().\ 

'nil':  RAM) 

liV    (  i        \      i)|.  \\V    AM)    H      S      l)|.  N\v 
ijur.i   C    lillM.) 

As  f.ii-  f..!'  k  as  |ul\  .  niD.H.  ciu  ..I  the  writ,  IS  ha.l  lln'  tnncnty 
V<  lra\.  rs.>  ,  urnut  pra'  Ik  r  an.l  makr  iiian\  altiratuc  siij,',^'csti(ins 
rcprcs,  iiim-  .lrj,a.-n,n  s  i,'.  a  ra.li.al  iiatiirr  These  r,-,  .miimniia- 
tmiis  N\,iv  s.il,siaiitiail\-  i].  'I'n  snl.siituK-  ruarsr  lur  tine 
sifiTii  Mil  l,a!t.Ti,s  i2  T.I  .lisrar.l  all  iiic,  hanii  a!  cntui'inra- 
ti'in  '■'<  'I".,  sepaiate  llir  ...ars,.  i,i-.„1u,t  l,y  livi-anli.  .Ic\iccs. 
'■•  '"  '■'  ^niiil  icyars.'  ppMhu  ts  m  tulx-  nulls  (.">i  '['■,  |.n,\i,i,. 
sfcMn.laiv  anialuaniatiMn  taMvs  ailrr  the  tuhrs.  it|)  Tm  itiii.njvc 
''"■  nirtliM,].  ,,|  iiurr-liandliii.^  iii  slime-]. lants,  i7,  'l', ,  mak.'  use 
>il  till'  nltei-  press  III  Ilie  ta'atiuellt  <.t  ^Imie  iSi  T.  i  iiiNcstii^'ate  the 
ecdiiMiiiieal  pMssil.ilities  of  reiJueiiiL;  the  wh.ile  n\  the  lliill-]uilp  to 
a  titness  suital.le  lor  liller  inxs-in-,  an. I  thus  treat  <.ne  |ii-.i.lii,  t 
in   ..lie  operali.in 

'I'lie  p.>nit  \iiM,n  whieh  the  -ivatest  einjihasis  was  lai.j  was  the 
tU'fOssity  loi-  III,..  -lin.lin.^,  an. I  o\  .rwhelinin.^'  exi.leiiee  was  pp,- 
ilnee.l  t,,  pr.,\('  ,  .  .in  lusjx  d  v  that  the  p\-rilie  eoiistitueiit  iif  the 
Witwalersran.j  on.  alt.r  l.ein-  suKjeete.!  t.i  im,'  tjriniliii-.  viel.Jed 
Its  l;.>1.1  to  an  or.linar\-  eyani.le  s.ihition  as  rea.lily  as  the  sili,|,ius 
p..rti..n  ..f  ihe  r.r,'  It  was  turther  state.!  that  l.y  th.'  use  oi  the 
tul..'  null  the  .hitv  ..f  the  stamps  w.uil.l  he  iiierease.l  an.l  tiie 
extras  ti.iii    iiiiprovci. 

As  !:;,■  result  .if  these  su!.'i,'estioiis.  the  lirst  tulie-niill  on  the 
Wit  watirsraml  was  inlro.hue.l  at  the  Xew  Coeh  mine,  ami  this 
'III,-  was  f.ill.iwe.l  a  little  later  t.y  several  ot:  -rs  at  nther  mines. 
Sinee  that  time  th.re  has  l.eeii  a  :4ooil  deal  of  experient'e  L;ameil 
111  the  use  of  the  tulie-mill.  liut  it  is  a  si',,'nitieant  faet  that  tho 
reeoninien.lations  alio\e  speeilie.i  in  ret,rar.l  to  tlu'  tulie-inill, 
seeonflary  anial,L;amatioti.  (oarse  sereeniiis,'  t.)  j^'et  inereaseW  stamp 
'Uity  an.l  hi.L;her  extraction,  liave  l.eeii  follcnveci  and  j,'enerally 
aeccpted  in  this  niininj,'  ■eiitre.  The  furtlier  suK'},'f.stirin  to  tilter- 
press  has  not   been    followe.i  outside  of  the  Rroup  of  mines  teeh- 


ilK-   ,.,„it,-,,ll...l   1.,.   .1,., 


r  Z 


ui  L.-t  iia\  c 


sinee    lieell 


Jointly  adviseil  and  put  into  praetiee  at   the  Mever  & 


>>n 


NF.(  f-:\  I  (  )   i.\ //'/•.  !■/<  \t  1 1(  /•;, 


Charlton  ami  tlic  \.  w  (■inch  iniiics.  Ii  i^  .m  ihr  n->ullN  ,it  tin- 
wiirk  lioiu'  at  thc^i  iwm  mim-s  that  thi  wiUds  pru[MP>e  to  l,,isi' 
tlu'  wholi'  of  the  >t,ii(  iiiriiiN  t'.  Kr  i  ml ..  h  |i,  ■,  1  in  thf  jiri'st-nt  mn- 
triliution.  Tlu'  rial  nu'tallurvjiial  work  Iklmii  ui  January.  M'lMi. 
ami  we  ha\f  thcrcforf  had  tlircc  itt>>!ith-  in  whi.  h  f  .ju  into  lic- 
tailiil   iiiM>tii,Mtiiin 

'I'lu'  lonsiiniptiun  ui  water  at  tin  Mi  \rr  \-  Charltnn  is  now 
I7(»  K'al.  as  against  an  a\rraL,'r  ..t  .")(i(l  -al  at  DlhiT  iiiint-s.  The 
attual  sa\iii,v;  is  ilh  ~trat.  .1  l.y  th"  fan  that  w  hc-rras  licfnrc  the 
nrw  |)lant  was  installnl  the  amount  i.l  water  availahli-  was  itnlv 
just  sutHeient  !■>  meet  the  .l,iii\  !> 'iiiireineiits.  there  is  an  exei'ss 
t'HJay  (.t  lAer  iliilUIH)  ^al,.  (i,iial  tn  M.iiie  :tll()  '^al  per  tnii  ,  >t  on- 
erushe.l  Th.  k .  iiisuii'|itii 'H  in  thi'  iin  lalliir'jieal  pl.mt  i^  :;r.  s  i;a|. 
per  t'lii  '  'I  I  'ri'  eru^hi'ij 

At  1  h<  Me\.  r  \  CliailtMii  plant  the  a\era-.'  I'ost  of  e\-atliiie  ui 
Mareh  was  ri!t.|  per  t.m  treated,  the  aitual  i  •  ■nmnnpti,  m  ,  ,t 
I'yaniiic  lieini;  halt  a  pr.und.  e(|ual  to  a  total  ot  ."j.iirCi  |1,  The 
eost  ol'  little  \\a^  i»  l.")7'l  per  ton  treated,  the  aeni.al  i  on-iitiiption 
t.eini;  (I.N  11.  per  toti  treated,  tile  total  eonsumptioii  i„  itiu  n,  HiK  11. 
The  total  aiiioiiiit  ol  ^.ilntioti  hi  i  ireulation  atiionnted  to  _',  !:;:{:{ 
tons,  whieli  ii.id  an  ,i\era'.;e  ■-trete.^'th  of  iii):;s',  l\C--,  .md  an 
avera^'e  \  alue  oi  _'  clwl  <,'old  per  ton.  tlu  total  eyaiudi-  e,,iiiaitied 
lieini;  l.Csis.d.'i  lb.,  an-l  tlu'  total  -oM  eotitent  2i:;  oz..  the  alkalinity 
aeera'^iti'^  I)  (His  pi  r  (  eiit . 

Tile  a\-er;e.;e  anionnt  of  ^,,|d  . ii->-ol\-,',l  in  th.e  mortar  hoxfs 
1-  1  ■17  d\vt  I  er  toll  of  ore  enislud,  Tiu'  elfi  .  t  on  the  ]ilates  is 
marked,  and  a:  'lie  Mi'yer  \-  (.'harii  ti  it  \\a^  ^neh  that  the  lowi'r 
portion  ,,f  th.e  plates  has  t.'ien  i  ut  on,  as  it  wa<  fo'..n,!  tliat  they 
weri'  doin,i;  no  i^'oful  as  far  as  .arrest itv.,'  '^ol.l  was  eoiu.riied.  \\  liile 
on  the  other  hand  they  were  sliowiii.,^  si.„;iis  of  putiii'^'  aii'l  -radiial 
di-appearanee  in  the  eireiilatiiiL;  solution  Tliest-  plate-.  lio',\r\i'r, 
are  !_'  years  old.  and  '.vere  thin  wiieti  the  einul.ation  of  ^opation 
was  l)e<.;un  It  is  !.elie\<d  tliat  an  i  lertfolytie  ai  tion  i-  s,  t  up 
as  hetwei'ii  the  mortar  !'o\rs  and  tlie  plates,  the  e^aiiid.  s.,jii;i,,n 
hoin),'  the  medinm,  lieiiee  the  soUition  of  th,'  eo|i].er  A  tmmher 
oi  in\  esti.yations  on  tlu  point  lia\e  heeii  laiefulh  earried  ovit. 
It  is  estimated  tliat  the  life  of  (  opp,r  j.lates  with  ( ifdilatinij 
eyanide  sohition  will  he  soniitiiini;  like  thret'  \ears,  and  it  i;ia\-  he 
p<issiljlc  hy  the  short-eireuitine  ot  the  eurri'iits  set  in.  i.itwe.'ii  the 
boxes  and   tho   plates  to   reduee   the   soh^nt    aetion.     Assuniin),', 


"\     ////■    A'  1  \/', 


(M 


however,  tli.it  ,li,  In,  .,i  ih,.  |,l,it,^  i-,  ..iil\  tu,,  \c.iv>,  an. I  that 
till-  jilatcs  thfiiisclMs  aiT  MtiK  halt  ihr  m/c  'it  tliM>,-  ^'iiU'i-allv 
adnptcl.  the  cost  pi  :   tmi  lniciinrN  iti^i'^'iiiti   ant 

'I'lif  rcciivfi-v  li\  ainalijaiiiati.in  n.,u  as  ,  .  .iii|,aic.|  with  the  old 
s\slini.  ilhi-lralfs  ilcarlv  thr  rtlr,  t  ■.!  lakin-  the  Ini.  -.il-l  im,, 
•-"hili..n.  thr  nspr,  ti\r  ti'^Min-  l.ini-  ki(..\,rv  li\  ainalyaina- 
"""  1"  j."i'Kir\,  I'.td.V  .-,0  1.')',,  -....NavN  !,\  ainali,'ainatiun  in 
Jainiarx  .   PMMi    I",  Jiij  j„r  n  iii 

I'hciT  1-,  nm  a-]Mc  t  ot  ainalL^ainatiun  wnrthx'  ■  >f  tiuiitiuti. 
;tn.l  that  IS  the  dali-.r  ..t  ihcit,  |..r  it  is  a  la.  t  that  'hue  is  a  hi- 
ll In  it  tiMilr  m  anial-ani.  and  tin  -a  ntcrs  a  it  .  ipiniMti  that  aniali,'a- 
inalKin  muM  l.c  (iisp.nscl  with  alto'^riicr  iinMrr  I  his  s,  nnr  The 
Iii'int  has  n,,i  \  ,-i  l„,.n  pnixcl.  |,,it  it  ,an  casih  h,-  put  to  t  ht-  prcM.i, 
and  this  will  l,c  dune  m  thr  mar  fiitmv  It  \\..uld  l.r  satrv  in  ha\.- 
all  thr  LT'ild  in  one  plai  r,  namcl\-.  t!ir  rxtfartor  l„,\,-s 

()ni;inall\-  it  was  li.,p,-d  that  liltrr  prcssinv;  w..til  1  1  „■  unnrrcs- 
sary  I  his  iK.p,-  was  hasrd  on  the  assutiiption  t  i.t  a  pn.diict 
c-'iuld  !"■  disrhai-'^^cd  c  .ntinii' ins|\-  imiii  ':ir  last  xat.  .huh  \\..uld 
c.intain  n..t  inMn-  than  .Vl' ,  nmisturc.  Atti  r  s,,nu  xaafs  ,i|'  i  x- 
!"■'''  ■'"■•  ''!<■  >'in<lnsiiin  was  rrarlnd  that  tins  v  as  imp.  .ssihk'. 
and  at  the  \'an  l<\ -i  nnnr,  tw..  vrars  a'^'u.  an  anan-iiiimt  wa^ 
Iniilt  toi-  iviunun-  snhitKm  tr-.m  the  slinic-dani  Alt.-  .  ar.tiil 
i'.>nsi,l>rali..n.  h.iwcvfr.  aii.l  att.r  -ixin.^  .hie  wfi^hl  t.i  tiir  niain- 
tcnaiKc  ..I  slim.  .lams,  i.isi  .,|  puininn-  l.a.  k  s,,|uti.it;.  |mss,s  Ii\- 
ahs,,rpti..n,  aivi  tii.'  daif^iT  ,>\  the  .Ian  ■  .^i\in-  wa\.  tli.Tc  ...uld 
\<r  n.i  tunluT  .i.inl.l  that  tiltiT  prrssin-  must  !„■  a.i..ptr.i  i..  ,.,ni- 
pl.'tc  the  ..pri-ati..n  Tlu'  slinir  plants  at  thr  Xiw  C. ..  h  an.j  Mcvrr 
\-  ('harit..n  af  ■  n.iw  s.mpiv  hrin-  usrd  as  st.ii-a>,'r-taid<s ,  that  is 
tc.  sav.  tlu'  wh..K'.if  thra\ailal,l.  -.,1,1  is  in  s,,hiti..n  h,  i.„v  the  slinu- 
rcai-ln'S  the  slimc  jilant.  an,l.  t  luTrlnrc.  it  is  n,,t  rallr.l  iip.,n  ;.,  .!,, 
anythini;  in  that  .lire  ti-m  At  tlu-  \'an  R\n,  \\]ktv  s,,h,ti,.n  is 
not  ciri.  ulatf.l.  thr  slimr-piaiu  is  sh,.winL;  nwv  <Xi\  .  .t  thr  total 
K'oM  in  s,,luti..n  m  thr  tifst  f.,ur  tanks  At  the  'diarlt-.n,  h.,,\v\vr. 
with  tlu-  niMilatiiiL.'  s,,luti..n.  this  ,^-,,1,1  has  alrfa,ly  Iutii  ahs..vl.i.l 
hrtorc  tin-  shmi--plant  is  f,-a,-ii,-.|  Thr  s,ip,.rii,rit v  <,1  tiu-  .It-si-n 
•ii  this  plant  nvrv  th,  ,,r,linar\-  tx-],,-  .  ,f  ,lr>-an1ati.in  plant,  is  that 
the  im.r  han.lhn-  .an  1„-  .l.,nr  simply  ],v  the  r(-i,rulati..n  .,t  a  \al\e 
anil  at  un  ,-(.st  ;  an. I  as  a  stora-c  plant.  t.>  !,.-  w,.i-kr.i  j(>intl\-  witn  a 
in'U-i-pn-ss,  11.   iias  many  i.oints  nt  a.|\atHa,m'. 

In   view  (il   tin-   la,t   that    the  rii\  ulatin-  s.ihati.m   has  alf.-a.lv 


62 


KhA  i:\  !  (  \   wini:  /'A'  i(  //(  /•;. 


Ikvii   i,i    roiiiait    witli    thr   sm.i    iirlurc   it    iva<  lirs   the   saii.i  |.lanl. 
till-  \-aliir  Ml  .liarurs  uii.lrr  pr.-smt   r.  .ii,iiti.,iis  shows  a  I.Il;  rr.lur- 
t)'ni,ai!.i    rn.iii  an  s  ^Iwl.  snvcti-assay   tlic   pns.'nt   rendition   l;i\-,'s 
a   ivturn   m   t!„.  srltlrrs  m|   undrr    I  .-,  ,lwt^,   and   ni   lli,.  tivattncnt 
tanks  ,,t    I    I  dwt  ,  wiiKh.  under  o'd  ,  ,,nditinns,  wnnld.  ni  the  latter, 
have  luen  m  t  lu   nn-hl..  ,rli. ,,  ,d  ni  7,  dwt.      The  sand-plant  .nnsists 
'■I  <.-lit   -ats  ni  all.   four  ut"  wliirh  .are  superiniiM.sed  and  are  .ailed 
"'*■   '-'"lers-   il„.    t,,ur   i.ele.w    In-in-   ealK.I    xhv   't  reat  ineiil -tanks  ' 
As  a  matter  .>|  taet.   li..\ve\-er.  snhiti,,n  is  l».,n'.,'  piunped  to  the  set- 
tler- a-   well   as  to   the  treatnieiit    \at-  almost   eonstaiitlw  and    li\- 
thi>  mean-,  m-tead  '  •\  a  ireatni.nt  of  lour  da\s.  which  woiild  have 
ol.tauied  under  the  old  system,  a  treatment  ot"  nine  d.avs  is  ohtained. 
The  sand  idant  i.  .,nl>-  responsiMe  tor  111'  ,    of  the  total  -oM  i-eeo\-- 
ery.  whieh  when  s.'t  a-aiiist  the  eost  of  operatin-  the  plant  and  the 
int. Test  on  eapual  .mtla\  ,  at  nncv  pr..\,s  it  to  h.   a  m.,st  .•.xp.'usixe 
dei-artm.'Ut.      If    \hr    int.MVst    ,  ,n    eapital    ..utla\'    an.l    th.'    a.tual 
op.'t-atim;  .0.1.  of  this  pi,    -.t   ;,e  ailou-.'d  as  a  .av.lit   towanl  th.'  ...st 
"'    ''"   -li'nin-.    It    leae.-s   a    hi-    mar-in    in    la\.ir  ..f    Im.'   erin.lim^. 
and  tn.'  int.nti..n  of  th.'  \\n:  ^rs  .,n  this  exi.l.'ncv  is  entirt'l\-  to  ,|is- 
.ard  the  .l.partni.'iit   s, ,  -.■n.Tallv  .!ev.,te.l  t<..|,,v  f..r  the  trealnient 
ot   sand        .\..t   only   this,   hut   th.-  r.'si.Ki.-  Irom   tlu'  sand-plant   has 
mith.r  tiu'  . ■.insist, -luv  n..r  l!u-  |..w  valu.'  .,f  the  filter  press  pn..hut. 
an.l  sulti.  i.^nt  in\-.'sti-ation  has  l.e.-n  .lone  to  imlieate  that  if  coarse 
-^an.l     1„.    r<'du,..|    f,     l.Vlni.-sh    11      .'an    he    lilter-press.'.i     iustas 
ui'll  as  .irdinarv  shm...      The  av.'ra-,'  r.'sidue  then,  inst.'.a.l  .  if  hein.^ 
in   tin-  lui.^ddi.irhoo.i   ,if    |_'  ^r,-,.   w.  nl.l  he  reduce.!  to.  at   most,  si.x 
-rains  per  t.  m. 

On  a  hasis  of  !m;  tons  p,  ,■  ,lav  passin-  tlir.ni-h  th.'  tuhe mill 
th,.'  lAtr.i  r.-e.'mi,'  w  .^  j ,",  l,-,s,  7.|.  p,.,-  ,kiy  f,,,-  ca.  h  mill  in  as,v  'idle 
d..luition  -.'ii.'rallx-  is  that  lin.-'  rimliii-  is  a  n,',a'ssar\-  .omllary 
to  ,n\-  ni.'talh.ir-i.^al  tr.'atm.'iit  .i|  R.an.l  or.',  and  th.'  .Aid. -nee 
l'""i'-  '"  ''"■  I'urther  .■xtensi.in  of  tin-,  principl.', 

l-'.sperini.'iUal  .lata  show  that  tdter-pressin-  is  .1111  of  th,'  most 
ne.'.'ssar\-  '  ip.Tali.  ms  that  has  \-et  1,,','n  inlrodu.'e.l  int.,  l.ieal 
I"''"''"  ''"'"■  l'"ints  are  th,'  -ivat  savin-  ..f  wat.'r.  th.'  increas.'.i 
extra,  ti.in.  the  s.-nin-  of  eyanid.'.  th,'  ...moniy  of  li,,,,.  i„  treat- 
ment ot  shnie,  arid  ih,'  pr.i.jucti. m  .>t  a  li.'tter  pro.juct  tor  han.llin- 
-III  Hi.'  slim.-  , lump  -rii,  op.'i-at-n  is  .m.-  ..f  th,'  v.Ty  simplest" 
and  ■■x]i,rien.  .  ,1  whit.'  men  wh.i  ha  ce  h, en  tiller  pressin,-  f.ir  many 
\-ears  ni  W.  stem  Ausi  r.ih;,  .i,,-  ,  mil  ,■  s-,t  isi",..  1  1  l,,,   ii .:,...;:...'. 


^1 


I 


".V    nil:    K.WD  ,;;j 

a'-,t,"'"ii  a  tiltfr-invssiii-^  liamlas  t In- whiU' man  Tlirn-asim  \vh\-  this 
nii'tluHi  was  not  aihijitcd  carlirr  was  ,\uv  U<  the  Uar  nf  cxri'ssive 
tost.  Our  tiKurc'S  not  only  (lis|inivc  tins  idia,  tmt  sliow  that  hltvr- 
piTssin^'  is  the  ni.ist  iniponant  o|Kniti(in  m  tiic  whole  ran^T  of 
truatiiifm  Tiu'  avcra.Lji'  nsiijiu'  Ironi  sliiiir  .lurini,'  March  at  the 
Charlton  contains  O.USSd  dwi.  The  tiiuncss  ..f  the  ^n\i\  was  7."):{.- 
UtiL',  ami  the  ainounl  ot  acid  used  4.1ISN  lb.,  e.|ual  to  I.:i(l4,i,  p,,- 
ton  treated:  ami  the  amount  of  /in-  u^ed  :i,S:i4  Ih  .  \  alued  at  '  tiii 
ISs. 

The  addition  of  a  filter-pres.  plant  to  the  mill  settles  one  jxiint 
that  is  usuillv  sulijeci  to  inaccuracy,  and  that  is  the  tonnai^'e  of 
slime  handled.  The  relation  of  (Xtraction  to  tons  multii)lied 
by  screen  assays  has  not.  in  tlu'  past,  been  so  clo-e  that  this  iiomt 
has  come  up  for  serious  .lisciission.  but  in  the  tuture  there  is  nt> 
doubt  that  more  attention  will  ha\  e  to  be  L,'iven  to  it 

Till'  cos  s  for  the  n.      th  of  March  are  as  follows: 

I'lxt  JUT  ton  C.iM  |,,.r  ti,n 

T'.Kil  o.-t  inilloi  tvi-.-ilf.l 

I'iiiiniK.  I'lnn-.  IVriLC. 

TailitiK'-f levator     279  6.23  (>!>;{ 

Sand-treatment 447  gpg  14  (|s^ 

Slime-treatment  . ;}()2  S.OH  27. N2 

Ext  fact  ordiouse 4;j()  0.73  <t  7:} 

'''"';'l  i"-^! 1,-21  :u.():{  .-)7..S() 

It  will  be  notice(l  from  this  statement  that  the  cost  of  ele\atin.i( 
the  pulp  is  lii;.;h.  ti,i,'urin,u'  at  (i,2:{2d  per  ton  nulled.  Apart  from 
this  cost,  the  ai'tual  e.Kijenditurc  is  27.M  Id.  p.rton  milled  When 
it  is  considered  that  this  co\  ers  the  whole  cost  '\  sand-treatment 
and  slinu'-treatment.  includini,'  tilter-pressin,L;  and  tile  c  ^  .st  of  dump- 
inj,'  residue,  this  result  must  be  re<,'ank'd  as  eminent  1\  satist'actory 
fc)r  a  new  plant 

As  already  ind'c.-  1,  the  sand-plant  is  oiiK  resiionsible  for 
Ml'  ,  of  the  K'llil  reco\eied:  while  tile  slime-jilant  is  doini;  nothim,', 
and  therefore  is  not  rctjuired.  The  lii,!.;hest  residue  is  in  tin'  sand- 
plant,  and  the  costs  (jf  runnin-^  it  are  also  hij,di.  The  tmal  conclu- 
sions on  a(  iuai  data  are  (  1 1  that  the  credit  of  the  cost  of  re-^'rindin^' 
tf)  be  established  by  discardinj,'  th"  sand-i)lant.  and.  .illowiu),'  for 
the  interest  on  the  cajiital  outlav  and  the  actual  working  costs  of 

the   Synd-I)l:int      is    !llore   th.;;t^    i-.;    :■.'■;;-.:•:■;.!    t.-.   ,--■.-  ..     :\  I...'.,.    ..i    -'.... 


I 


■jSii^ 


64 


A'/-.(  /.A  /    (   VIA //'/■.   /'A',  k  //(  /■;. 


v.-t  ni  rv-nmhn-^:  ,  ■_'  tl'it  tlir  .•xtracli..n  ..„  t  hr  .  ,n,-|.ro,],ut 
l.a'^is.  u-hnv  r\,Tviiiin-  unuM  !„■  Ultrr-i.iv.M.l,  m„,us  a  lunluT 
rni.p.xrnirnt  in  lavnr  m|  all  ^liniinL;:  >:;•  that  a  plant  .,n  ih,.  all 
^ '"'='-  '"■^'•^  '-'i'!'!  ''■■  <':vri,.l  runiplrtr  at  .■.nicwiiat  Irs-,  than 
•'.'■  ''"■  '"->  "I  ''"■  '"-'Hn.trv  .ati.l  an.l  ^l.vantatw.n  -hnn-plams 
■■1  ""lav,  f.  -ivc  a  inurh  Ih-Iht  aii.l  tar  niMiv  rnnsistviit  rrcnvny, 
'■"•'  '"  '"'  ""■"■'^'■'1  at  a  :n.i,  h  I,,u,.r  ...-.t.  In  tlir  .IrM'.'n  ,.|  thr  all- 
■>h-n,n,' plant  t  h.- stamp  1  .att.Ty  ,s  Irtl  uut .  t  if  pnnriplr  hrin- cn,>h- 
in;,'  an^l  -nii'lm'^'  in  sta'^'c- 

Tlir  unnJm-  analvs  -,  ,,r  thr  pn„huts  sl„,\v  s.mir  rufi-ius  tca^ 
tuivs  Onrni  l'a.t„i,lar,.tliat;:ir-ra,lin.^.,f  as,.ttlf,l>aii,lis,,uitr 
■l'"<-'vm  t.-ni  th,'  ..n-au,n-,  ,,t  tii.-  ,i,a,-v  wliirh  tiiat  .an^l  ivprrsrnt. 
unrn  Ifan-trrivl  fn.ni  tlir  tup  ,,,  ,h..  !„,,,, ,ni  tank.  It  i.  ,lil)i- 
'iilt  I..  .Irtcrniinr  rxartly  Imw  this  .■hany,.  i.  j.n.u-ht  al.-ut;  hut. 
as  Ilic  ivsuhs  have  Lrrn  <■.  mnvnir.j  ni  nianv  invsti-ations.  tluTr 
.an  !.,■  n.<  .pirslion  that  tlu'  ,  han-.^  .Lts  take  plarr.  It  niav  !„■ 
sai.l  tiiat  u..rk  ,..nM  n,.t  iK-rarriol  ..ut  satistartnrilv  withniu  -Va,i- 
iiii;  anai\sis 

Sli-.vtlv  att.T  starlm-  thr  plants,  thr  rrsj^lur  xalnr.  JM.th  in 
thr  shntr  an.]  tlir  san^l  plants.  nrras„,nallv  was  hj.^h.  I„  rsm- 
'■■'■"■■  "  "■'"  '""'I'l  'iiat  hi-h  rrsi,h,rs  u-rrr  .hir  f.  frasnn.: '  ^k' 
I'"'-'-  ^"'■''  ''-^  '""''I  ''''>i!.v  !"'  .-nti-nllr,!  whrn  ..hr  ..prrajors 
■la.l  a  lull  kn.Avlr.l;,.r  m  thr  r..n.iittuns  Thriv  is  no  rras.m  whv 
thr  lillrv  pn^ss  rrsi.lur  sl„,ukl  rvrr  1  ,r  hi-luT  than  t;  -r.  .„■  the.  san^l- 
nsi.inr  l,r  hi-iirr  -ixrn  that  thr  tnl.r  imlls  aiv  rnnnin-  than  12 
.UT..  an.l  this  ,|„,,r  apart  tr-in  ihr  srrrrn-assav.  Takni-  thr  rasr 
"t  thr  .Mrvrr  \  Charlfn.  liMurvrr.  wlnrh  ,11  Marrh  had  an  avrr- 
a'^r  srn.rn.assav  .,!  I(.s7l  ^hvt  ,  thr  avrra..'r  rrs„hu.  u,  tlu'  san.l 
was  111  L;r.  ami  m  thr  sl„„r  fit.l  ,;r  Thr  prrrmta-r  ,  ,|  ,1,,.  total 
pulp  rrprrsrntr,i  l,v  san.l  was  7(1  7(i:;.  an.l  thr  shnir  L")  n.-,ll.  This 
Uivcs  an  a\(ra'.,'r  irsi.hir  ,,|    |2  :;<» 


■J.r..  c'(|tial  to  an  r.xtrartion  on  th 


sri'rrn    assa\-   .  .t    '.I.")  :;ii_" 


llr     tot; 


rlranrd     up    sliow-    ;,I1 


a.  tual  rxtrartion  oi  ll.V.V  ,  I„  thj,  ,,|a,u  !Mi'  ,  t  lir.nvtiral  rxtrar- 
tionsi|,,ul,n>rras,lvan,l  consist, 'nt  Iv  rrali/r,l.  and  allowini^  tor  l'', 
I"-  111  tlK  s„,rl,  an.]  rlran-up,  rtr..  thr  art.ial  ..oM  i„  U,,.  l.ank 
shouM  hr  '.I")  prr  rrni. 


Till-   TRK.\TMI-:XT  OF   DKSI-RT  ORKS 

IJUTK     .':(      1!I(H, 

Thr    |-;.iitor: 

Sir  I  li:i\c  re, hi  M'-  l?(K(|ni's  artiiK  in  Mnii'  i-siir  ^f  .M,,\  _'(i. 
ill  reply  \n  (iiif  c)|'  niiiH-  in  your  i>-suc  c  .1  Arpil  Js.  an!  iTa\r  --imi-i' 
l"  i"i'rtil'\-  a  K'W   puims. 

1  he  term  ■ilcsc-i-l  orv'  was  nut  used  li\-  nir  as  a  tcnii  i>i  rlassi- 
ticatidii  of  i.rr,  it  nicmt  simply  hit  tminil  in  .Icsirt  vc^'inns.  ami 
rcfcrrcil  partii-ularlv-  t"  thr  minliticins  of  t  r^atiiu'iit  tlim'  I  'li.i 
not  iTlrr  sptiially  t<i  Mr.  Hosijui's  installati.iii  of  tlic  I'oiiil.inat  ion 
mill  or  to  tlic  ore  of  any  jiartirnLir  ilistrii  t,  Imt  rcfrrrci!  '^cnrrajh- 
to  tin-  tn-atnunt  of  Mift  oxidizcil  ,,rc--  Mr,  iios(|ur>  .K'^i  np' :on 
ot  th(  ("oinhination  nn-.  as  one  in  which  the  oxidizi'i]  jiortion  is 
imii-h  lianlrr  than  the  sulphide  ore,  shows  it  to  lie  an  '.mutual 
oec'Virn  nee. 

"'Idle  latest  ami  ln'st  praetiee  in  e\anidin<,'  "  i|uoted  1>\-  Mr. 
Hos(nii.  would  i)e  more  eorreetl}-  termed  tht  "last  tashioii  in 
eyanidini;  in  South  Africa,"  It  is  notorious  that  what  was  called 
"douMe  treatment"  was  lioonied  some  \-ears  a'^o  in  South  Afriia. 
and  in  coiise(jueiici'  a  mimlier  of  douljle  treatment  plants  wce  in- 
stalled in  this  and  other  countries;  and  they  wcri'  tailures.  More 
recentlw  tlu'  Soutli  African  practici.'  was  to  ili\iiie  the  puli>  into 
■sand'  and  ■slime'  to  lie  separatelv  treated,  and  this  apjuars  to  \ .,■ 
the  icU'al  treatment  for  "e\ery  niodcrn  mill  opi'ratini,'  on  a  lo-ical 
liasis,"  accovdini,'  to  Mr  .ios(|ui  The  most  recent  practice, 
however,  at  johannesliur;^,  i-,  to  Ime  ^riiid  and  tilter-])ress  the  wli..|e 
pulp,  and  thus  '^'et  '■one  product  in  one  opcratMii."  the  adxantaues 
(it  which  are  iiio>t  clearly  and  interestin,i,dv  shown  in  the  alKtrait 
ol  Messrs    l)eniiy^s  article  eiven  in  \o\ii-  issue  of  |une  2 

I  sliail  iKJt  take  up  space  hy  replxiiiL:  to  Mr,  Ho-,(|uis  state- 
ments on  ore  treatment  -eriatiin,  luit  I  must  tra\crse  oiu'  state- 
ment rei^ardiiii,'  ■■the  imjiossiliility  ifroni  an  ecotKiniie  standpoint) 
o|  reducini:  ore  to  a  sutficient  tineiiess  to  en  aire  the  he<t  ;-eco\er\'" 
liv  n'ferriii),'  to  tlu'  line  i,'riiidin,u  of  cement  clin'ar.  which  is  done  on 
an  enormous  S(ak'  and  at  a  low  cost. 

It  a]>pears  to  me  that  the  ■liest  pra>  tice^'  is  to  he  aMe  to  inter- 
pi-et  laliorator\   resalts  on  any  ore,  s( ,  as  to  install  the  kind  of  ]i|,int 


66 


A7-.(  /■  A  /    c  ^.l.\7/^'■,   ri<.\i  THE. 


omm.mu-allv  brs;  Mutr,]  „,  i,s  tnatnunt.  unhnu,  ,vl\.r,.n,v  f, 
what  iiiav  1„  tl„.  pn.rtuv  in  South  Alriran  or  nth,  r  fiohls,  ..thcrwisc. 
th.an  tM  tak,.  a,Ivanla-c  (,t  nrw  disrcvcHcs  in  -rindini,'  macliiius, 
'■''■  '"  '^"'  '''-'■  "I  I""-""-^  nxi.Hxr:]  surtarr  .r,v  it  appears  U>  mv 
that  thr  h,  >t  prarticT  w,,uhi  hr  t<>  .  ru>h  .h'v  to  a  ta.rlv  .oarsc  tnosh 
aiM  Irarh  ,h,vrt  ,n  .ats.  thr  tVM.h.r  lu'in-  si,l,M.,)ucntl v  ,ms.,.,1 
"vrr  ainal-anMtin.u  phitc.  or  rotuvntrators,  if  l,nin.l  to  pav.  In 
thr  .,,s,.  ,.|  ,„x>  which  i-f.|unvs  hn.-.-nn.lin-  to  ivh^asr  thr  n'lctals 
I  wouhi  tMU-.,M-in,l  ritlKT  ,h-v  or  uith  rvani.ic  s,,hition,  a-itair  an.l 
"ltrr-p,v-.<  thr  -.vhol,.  pulp,  thus  ,^vttin-  -.mr  p,v  ,,hu-tion  in  onr 
"I"''''""""  'l"!"-   l"-ini    on    whirl,    I    wish    to   lav    niost    stress   was 

"''"  ."■'"■"  'y'"i"l''  1-^  "M'.l  at  all.  it  is  ,iio,v  l,,.,Mral  t..  Iivat  with 
.■vani.lr  lir^t  and  anial-aniatr  i  when  n.vossarv)  altrrwaf.l.  than 
'"   follow   the   onlinars-    pvocrduir. 

'■''"'''''■  '  "■'-''  '"  'Icpnvatr  most  stvon-^Hv  the  ,n  -...iurtion 
-■I  th-  prr.onal  I'lmicnt .  a-  s,,  pat.nt  Iv  sh,,wn  l,v  Mr.  Hos,p,i 
1  takr  It.  tlicM'  .lisrussion.  .houM  l„.  pun.lv  impersonal  an,l  tor 
'nr  a.lvan.vmrtit  of  thr  art  of  mrtallu,-v  and  the  infivst  and  m- 
strurtion  o,  v,,ur  rradrrs,  l,„t  no,  for  thr  vrntilation  of  anv  per- 
sonal  terhn-  hrlwcfii  profrs>ional   i.u'n 

l^ikTN.\.\i    Hint. 
San  I-'rannsio,   [unc  '.t.   I'.liiii 


pr(k;ri-:ss  of  c"^■.\\Il)ATl()^■ 

Tin-  icitiiniiin  (Jii  I  urnnt  prac  tire  at  l\al,','n(irli,  li\  Mr  AUrci! 
Janus,  will  intrnsi  .yani'lcr-.  W'r  alsn  [juhlisli  a  .lis,  ripti,  m  ot 
a  lU'W  iiicthiiil  of  linini,'  tiilic-niills.  as  iUmscI  1,v  Mr  il,  1',  Uarrx  . 
nt  the  1,'nat  Wailii  tiiiiu  ,  in  New  Zraland,  Ont'  (.f  tlu  jMaitiial 
pnihlrnis.  rsprcially  !u  niilhncn  i  ■prratinu  at  a  distanir  truni 
nianiitactnnnLr  icntins,  is  tlir  cluaiH'st  ami  must  .lurahlr  linins,' 
tor  till'  tuhcs  At  tirst  rxrvydiic  (k'priKJcil  upnn  KclaU'l  prhljlts 
ami  sili'x  liinnu  Inmi  Hun)]>c;  and  to  those  in  rliai<,'r  of  nulls  on 
tlu'  Cither  side  ot  the  \\<irlil  in  Australia.  Xi'W  Zealand,  and  Mixiio. 
tor  exain]ile  it  was  a  serious  liandieap  to  depend  on  supplies 
from  so  i;i-i'at  a  distance.  Iron  Imin.^'s  ol  spe,  ial  ((imposition 
were  not  inueli  l>ei!er.  f^.r  tlu'V  also  were  ukkK  1i\'  nielJKjds  not 
a\ailaMeat  t  iie  ordinary  niinin(^'  to\\?i.  Hotliin  Mexiioand  Xew 
Zealand  the  inili-manaKors  have  smceeded  in  hreakim;  awav 
from  the  tyranny  of  a  sjieeial  material  and  they  ha\e  heeii  aide 
also  to  procure  Hints  suitalile  for  tlu'ir  jiurpose  The  device  in- 
vented hy  Mr.  Harry  is  'nie  of  the  liesl  inipvovt'iiients  in  tulje-mill 
jiractice.  and.  as  it  is  ap)),,  ahle  to  other  localities,  we  hoj.e  it  inav 
jiro\e  extremely   usiful. 

In  re.ijard  to  cvanidaticju  j,'enerall\-.  Mr.  Janu's'  remarks  are 
much  to  the  iioint  'Plu'  fre(|uent  comparisons  iKtweeii  the  work 
done  hy  the  pans  and  tuhe-mills  at  Kal,(,'oorlie  lia\e  exidentlv 
heeii  of  little  \alue  as  indicating  the  .general  ap]ilicaliilitv  of  thf 
two  ma(  liiiies.  dimply  liecause  the  ]jeculiar  coiiilitions  olitainin.i; 
at  Kali;,  ilie  hax'e  been  o\(iiook(  d  Mr.  James  sets  that  matter 
riL;ht.  His  other  criticisms  are  welconu'.  .ind  aii\-  repl\-  t"  them 
will    \iv   i,'i\eii    a  ((lurteous   hearini;. 

It  apjiears  likely  that  tuhe-mills  will  he  discarded  at  Kali;(jorlie 
heiause  the  f-Ilurides  o(  curriiiL;  in  'he  ore  re(|uire  roasting;  tile  idea 
usc'l  to  lie  lo  commidute  exci'ssix  el\-  so  as  to  dissoh'e  these  telhi rides 
raw.  hut  now  solutiilitv  is  secured  hv  ohtainint;  the  porous  .ndi 
tion  due  to  a  roasi,  I'ilter  pri'sses  are  already  a  hack  mnnher  in 
Western  Ausfalia.  and  elsewhere.  Filter  machines  of  the  Moore, 
Mutters,  and  otlu'r  tvpes  are  disiilacin^'  the  old  devices.  In  fai't, 
cyanide    practice    is    under(,;oinj,'    a    ((iinmual    and    rapid    develop- 


6N 


KhA   l:\  I    '    y.Wini:    I'R At    /  /(  /•;. 


"""'     ■"!,■  ,lrM,,-  alUT  aiL.tlur  Inin-   rll»,wr,l   out    of  ih,.  wav    to 

'iiak,    n.,,,!,  lor  sonin  liu,:;    Ik-.I,-,-       just     nou    u    ,.    „,a,nt.'>l    tl,at 

"    '^   >!i'Ml'<r   to   Tival    slmir    l.v    a-itation    than    to   treat    >aii,l    l,v 

'"■'■'"'■'"""■  "    '^    '1"'    ""'>■    a    M'n'stio,,  ,,t     rclatiw    .ost    iK'tuvrn 

!■.■  i^nn,l,n-  ;./;,>  slmic-tivatiiicnt  on    tlir   o,u-    iian.l  an,l   pnvolation 

"t  thr  roar.,'  sMHt^  on  th,.  ..tluT.  the  assertn,.  lartor  is  the  incivas.' 

"t   .vushni-  eapa.itv  m   thr   first    nistanrr      whnhrr  un.ler  stamps 

-r    hrtuven    rolls      ,hir    to    n'h.'vin.L;    the    hrst    erusiu-r   of   the    u  ork 

"M'>'lvcT,/in.,        <  >n  these  snl,,eets  we  hope  to  hear  iron,  our  fnen. Is 

Kxpennientsare.oiiMnuallvun.lerwayitheexehan-.M.fexpenenee 
will    prove    niutuahx     helpful. 


w 


TLinC-MII.L   LI.\lX(i 

i.hilv  -JX.  IBOiii 

'1"1p-i-  whn  n|iri-;itt  Iiil.r  niilN  will  mH  111'  .]  In  lic  I(,l,l  (,I  llie 
"■-lilt  Ml  a  rlicaii  an'l  ihii-alilr  lufiii  i.t'  liiiiiii,'.  Ii.r  iVi-,  is  mu'  ..f  tlic 
I'l-.-itii,  al  |ir..Mrins  in  llii^  l.ranrli  (j1  inillin-.  At  i  hr  Wailii  iiiiiK' 
111  \r\\  Zialaiid.  the  tu!>r mil!  ha-.  jiroN',  .]  must  I'lhctixc  tnr  rc- 
1,'rni.lin-  aii'l  the  ])ra(tirr  has  ln-rn  .ic\  cIuiumI  under  the  dirci  liun 
"I  M''  II  I'  Harry.  !hc  suin'rintciKlciu  n\  unrks  l-'(ii-nirrl\  at 
Waihi  thry  rrushr.l  under  stamp-  \n  lU-nirsh.  and  the  liner  the 
pulli  di-^ehar-ed  Inmi  the  l.allery.  the  hetter  the  extraetlun  m 
tile  eyanidi  annex,  j.ut  there  was  a  limit  to  line  erusliinj,',  I'M-  lie 
\-<iii,l  lll-nu'Nh  tlie  dut\-  (if  the  stanips  was  de(  reaped  until  exeessive 
puh  erizati'in  was  im  l<inL,'er  eediicmiieah  Xnw  the  stamps  irush 
"nl\-  t'.  1.")  nv  _'l)-mesh  and  the  l.atterv  pmduet  is  ri'-^'round  in 
tuhe-inills  t<.  I.")l)  mesh.  There  was  h>ts  n\  tnail.le  and  expense 
in  ennneitinn  with  the  iiniiiL;  nt  the  tuhes  tnr  the  cjistanee  nf 
Xeu  Zealand  tioni  ICurope  represeii's  a  maximum  leiv^tli  'jf 
transport.  The  silex  fniiii  leeland  had  t<i  Iji'  laid  with  a  spei  ial 
eement  and  the  littilli,'  nf  the  ]iieees  was  tniuMesoille.  It  enst 
.'_MI  X<i  line  niie  tube-mill,  and  the  time  nt  ser\  iee  was  niilv  three 
mniith^  Xnw  Mr.  l^any  employs  an  iiuention  (patented  i  of 
his  own.  w  iurehy  he  utili/<'s  the  llinty  jiortions  of  tile  Waiiii  ore 
and  la\s  them  in  portlaml  eement:  the  linint,'  lasts  six  months 
and  eosts  /til  the  ser\  i(.  e  is  twiee  as  Icjiii,'  at  one-half  the  ex- 
pense,   it    is   fnur   times   ehea])er. 

Thi^  lining;  is  illustrated  lu'rewith.  hy  eourtesv  of  .Mr.  Charles 
Rhodes.  L^eiieral  manatjer  of  the  Waihi  Ciold  MiniiiL,'  Co..  Ltd.  It 
is  e.alled  Iiar!\'s  hoiieyeomli  liner  ar.d  it  is  formed  of  east -iron 
sej:ments.  eur\ed  to  the  shape  of  the  tul.e.  ill  seetions  havnij,' 
tour  or  six  di\isions,  eaeli  four  iiy  six  ineiies.  In  aetual  operation 
it   has  lieen  found  that   the  costs  are: 

lIonewdiniiL'il  eastin;,'.  L'n  (  \vt,   ((/    los j'Jl 

Urokeii  (juartz.  ."i  tons  (a    2(ls "   n 

Portland  eement.  I  ton  at  mine  (a    lis.  [ler  cask 4J 

Sand  (r<iu,!,'h  tailin.i;),  I   tcjn 1 

Laliur  (a  Its.  per  day    jj 


i 
I 

!tt 


£m 


.(I 


A7(  /-.X  I    (   \  .1  \/l>l:   /7\  1(   //(  /, 


\Vr  .in  nil,, nil,  .I  llial  llir  Wailii  ,(,ni|,;m\-  is  iiiakin-  t|„.  ,..,^,. 
"'-  "1  its,.u-n  \.,nw\rv  t,,r  I.',  i„.r,ui  an.l  that  tli,'.,.M  put  .L-un 
I'T  t,r,,k,  II  ,niart/  i.  fatlur  rx.  rssix,.  s, ,  t|,.,t  tin-  liiur  ,  an  !„■  nia,!.' 
I'T  ,',:;((  Tlu'  -avm-  is  alM,ut  ,/,.'lil)  i„.,-  ,„1k'  |„  ,■  aiiinni.  as 
''"'"■'■"■'■'l  '"  til, ■,,1,1  111, ■111, „1  A.  til,-  Waihi  ,-,,iiii,an\  i.  alH.nt  t,, 
u-,'  10, ,r  I-.'  till,.-  iiulK.  til,  saMiii,,  will  !„■  iiii|„,rtaiit .  al,,,,,;  >l,Villil) 
I'cr    \"i'ar 

Wr  ,|n,,I,'  iu'nwith  l>,,ni  tli,  -p.vili,  atioii  ,.|  Mr  iiarrx 's 
''•■"'■'"■'""I  ^'<>"nii,aiiv  It  uith  lu,,,,t  til. ■,lia-rains  that  a,  .  .  .tiipaiiy 
I  liat   I  laiiii  t',,1-  jiatriit 

Tliri,ui-i.,,s,.,,f  !lns  i,iv,.,u„,„  ,.  ,,,  ,,r,,M,K.  a  fluap  aii^l  ,'IUv- 
ti\f-nii,liii,;Mii-|a.,' will,,,,  Hil„.-ni,lNan,l,,tluT, -rill. liii-  iiia.lii'U's. 


I'ii;     1.      'I'liLt-Mill  l.imn.j.      I'l'ni. 


'n 


lis  ,,ui-p.,s.-  is  attain. .1  !,y  litliif^  witliin  tlif  tulK'-niills  shallow 
tram.'s  ,„■  t„,x,s  ,,|  licxa-.^iial  .  „•  iv.tan-ular  t",,f,t  sliapr,]  as  is 
luTcalPr  tal.,1,  ,„■  in  any  ,,tli.r  shape  whirli  uill  ,  ,,n  vrnirntlv 
tit.  an,i  ,n  lixiri-  tlu-rrin  a  tiiat.Tial  ,,,inp,,sr,l  ,,f  ,-,,i,-li  l,l,,.ks 
.■t  st,,nf  <„•  ..tlu'V  sul,staii,css„ital.lilnv  t  lir  i.ufiH's.-.  Tli,'  a,v,,ni- 
panyinu  .Ira win-  sli,.ws  |(i  ti-uivs  ..1  win,  li  F,-,  i  is  ,,  .,p,„  j|]y^. 
tratm-  a  ,„,rti,,n  ,,t  the  insi,].'  ,,l  a  tnl.r-inill  an,l  sli.nvni-  ,lifk.n.nt 
t,,i,iiali,,ns  ,.t  ii-ain.-s  ,,r  s.-nifnts  .vitl,  material  tix  I  in  parts, 
while  I"i<,r,  2  is  a  iniss-seetion  tlir<,viL;h  A'-.V  of  Vi^.   1. 

Th,'  tuhi-shell  .1   ,,|  the  Knn.liny-inill  is  shown  in   \'v^     |  an, I  2 


m     Ti;,T-T        JTI.I      l..-,.l- 


,,">>      il     p., I  U,  III     ID 


t^-^- 


f 


riHh:  Mii.i.  I.I  \  ISC  71 

ilhiMiali  i!m  .liMcn'in  luniiatiuiis  (.r  scyiiirnls  li  UwA  an.|  wlm  h 
iiia\  l,r  lix,  (i  then  ill.  l-'j.^.  _>  l.rin-  a  .  n^s  s,i  tion  oiih  ,  tli.'  .Icptlis 
i>t  till-  t..rniatii>iis  <jr  scLjiiicKts  /)  arc  slinun,  hut  l-'i'^  I  l.ritiL;  a 
plan.tlirir  sliaia-s  arc  sliuwii  Timrc  iuWx  su  that  tlic  i. lea  'it'  ilu'ir 
l)uriMi>c  .ail  l.c  lull\-  seen  while  the  r..iieh  stones  ('  slidwn  in  l,i,th 
tij,'ni-es  .(uite  illustrate  the  aihaiita^e  <<{  their  nse 

I  he  traiiie  an.l  Imjx  iMrniatiniis  li,  hereinalier  ealle.j  sei,rn,,-nts, 
are  niatli  with  nr  withcnit  iH.ttnnis  mI'  irun,  st>'el,  ur  nther  siiital.le 
material  an.l  in  eonxeiiient  sizes  shape.l  tn  tit  iiisiije  the  tube  mill, 
as  shnwn  in  Vv^.  I  an.]  _',  ami  t(i  retain  the  liniiii;  material  in  p.isi- 
tinn  The  seLinieiits  /V  nia\-  lia\-e  rihs  nr  l.ars  /;  piet-rahly 
shajie.l  arniss  \,,  lu.l,,  l,,,],i  (]„,  lining  material  (  '  in  j.hue  and  so  as 
to  limit  an.l  re.liiee  the  si/e  of  the  sei,'ments  H  int.i  smaller  c  oin- 
partnients  E  t'l  suit  the  partieiilar  nature  ot'  the  liniii.,,'  material 
use.!,  ..r  ril.  or  l,ar  I'l.rmations  /;  may  he  use.l  l.\-  themselves  with- 
'lUt  outer  trames. 


Pig.  a 

•'i.i;.  -.      'ru'.e-Mil.  l,niiii'^>.      Seeli.iM. 


^'"       '.>-■ 


The  oiitsi.les  /•'  (.t'  the  sei^Miients  H  may  lie  tnrtned  plain  ami 
iiia.le  t..  tl;e  ra.lius  of  the  tulH-mill  and  so  form  an  anh  wlii(  li  will 
key  ea.  h  seL;ment  B  in  position,  or  the  outsides  of  the  seK'ments 
H  ma\-  he  raM,et  fornieil  so  as  to  interlock  with  .^'rooxes  llierein 
mt.i  whieh  locking'  bars  of  iron  or  sti'cl  or  other  suitable  material 
may  he  put.  The  setjtiunt'^ /^  may  he  holted  or  otherwise  suitably 
eonneete.l  to  the  tube-mill,  hut  as  a  rule  this  will  he  unnecessary. 

To  jircjiare  the  se.;ments  /•?  f(,r  use  they  are  placed  ujion  a 
hrm  surface  approximately  of  the  same  i-a.lius  as  the  inside  of  the 
tube-miii  wiieii  they,  the  sc.i^nncnts  H.  are  well  tilled  with  the  lininjj 
material  either  in  the  form  of  concrete  /\'  or  of  roui,di  blocks  of 
stones  C,   the    stones  beini;  iamnied  in   tij,ditly  and  the    interstices 

betwecTl     t  hem     l.i.iti.r     tlll,.,l     ■,,,.1     ,- ,,,,.]     ...;.i 

■■  '  •     ■■  It  : ;     ',  t  :;:e:;  L ,     v'On^Tcrc 

or  ci'nient    mortar  M  or  suitable  material    which   can    be  poured 


A/'  <  /A  /    (    )\\  I  HI-    I 


/•■  U 


I  It  I- 


in,    in    tin 


'I     '^.Toullll'^,      II      tl 


-iiiall       Til,    ! 


-|Mi  1  ■-    1"I  \M(n    I  h.     -1.  iiics 


iniii'^'    malriial    iiia\    !„■    \\\,:\    ],,   i, 


'""   '"    '     '"    '■'■-'    -   '"1.1   It   uill   ii!vtrr,,l,h    !»•  mail,   r 


111  lITfj^'llla!-  f. 
<ir  liars  /;. 


ni.l  1 


i!    >i  ill   lllcrcl.\    pi-Mtci  I     ihr  .  .lu 


ipiUr    IMUL,'!! 


pPMcrt 


^   It'-  irnijulaf  Millar,' a^-ist  I  lie  -nndiii'^ 


mill    "v  ma.  Inn, 


lii 


liar.l  n.i  k 


iiii.j    inatrrial    tiiav    1 


iiialtvi  ,'  that  uill  ,1..  i|, 


-rL;ni(nl  /;  an.i  ril. 
■  Irnin  nil,  ill,  \.,  ,ar 
apaciiy  ..t  ill,,  till,,. 
I'  "I    i|iiaitz   "ir  an\ 


Alt 


TK  n  ,nni-,-,l  ,,(■  ji 


<  r   .,;  1  \  1  n  l;    i  1 


'!■  Hill.  r,t,     A' 


!<■    i',.iiirnl     , ■nil.  Vet,.    .  ir     t| 


f    '  cniiiit    111.  .rtar  M 


"■  "'  ii'T  llniiii;  iiial.rial 


'I'lic   t..  s,.]    |,,,,-,|     ,!, 


^iiiriitN  /; 


111    t  i.i'     M-.^^'Illi'iit-     /)    a:ii].|. 


iii.a.liiii,-   with   c.nirnl    ..r  nil 


•"•<■  l.iMit    int..   t!ii.   till.,-  null 


1...  km-  1. 


"■'■  -iiilaliu    l.in.lnu;   mat,  rial   an.l   tl 


ir^  arc  .lri\ ,  n  in 


l"iiii.l  a.hanl^ 


'■^  lu'ii   |.  .1111.1  n. 


thr 
'!■>■  tl.  iiN,.  1  Iicm       It 


the     till 


!  Ill'    •'.■L.tiiriits    H  ma-,    I.,'  laiill   mt. 


"■  """  '"■   '".■"■""II'   <iiil.t\'    111    til,,    tiist    |.|a.  ..   an.l    th.^n    tl 


Mil.  r.  lit     .  .iiiipai-tnunt' 


■•111     l.r     tlllf.l     Willi     thr     I 


"'    'I".    inaniHT   al...N-,.   .l.s,  ri!„.,l,      Wh,.,,     tl,,.   .|,| 


If 

min^    m.itrnal 


/"'     lia\c.    1.,.,  n     liti,..l 


Itr.nt 


^i\;iiunt- 


liiim..;   iiiatiTial   till,,]   an.l   ti\,..l   tl 


\^i'!i"i     tin     tiil..-mill    ,„•   ma.  iiin,.   an.l    tli 


"■'■'■111.   til,'   till. ('-mill   or  nia.  li 


"11   1"'   u<.i-k,'.l   m   tl),'  iiMial   wav  l,.at    with  a   nuirl 


an.l    mark,..l   i',siill    tli 


11   H   n,i\v   .il.taiiH'.l    with' 


""'"'-  '"•'"■'■'.'i   l»''-.'i'i   spr.n,,.,!,     Alt,'!-  tlu'  tul.,.  mill 
lia<    l.ccn    w'lirk 


.'ll.'.tlXl. 

.Ill    t  ll.'    u--..    ..|'   tile 
>v  ma.  liiin- 


hil;    I,. I-   >,)nu'    tim,',    tlu'    1 


I'XaiiniU'.I.  an.l   it 


:iii\'  ..f  It   is  I'., mill  tl.  1 


imn;,,'   maii'viai   -liniM    1, 
,'  lault\'  ,ir  nnlit    |.ir  u-.t 

llu'    M.,L;m,.nt    H  int..  whuh  it   i-,  i,tt,'.l  nr  r,x,'.l  ,'an  1,,-  iv  uuvA  1,. 

liaxiii-  th,'  laultv  linin-  i'liii,i„,l,   l.n  . !■..„.  an, 1  tak, 


liiiin.^'  mat, 'rial  till,..]  m.  in  tl 


11  i.ul   an.l   l'r,.-.Ii 


I'  tiianiu'r  alr.aih    .li'scril.,..! 


C'RLSIII\(;   A.\|)  CRIXDIXC,    I'RAlTKl-:   AT 
KALCOORLII-: 

li\     All   lU-  II   j  Wll  .^ 
ijulv  J>.     Iliot, 

At  a  inoHU'iit  xvlirn  ..,„■  h.^ars  s,,  „„,,h  a-,  t-  the  n-latiw  a.l- 
vanta,;,.s  ,.f  stamps  an.]  th.  l,all  nulls.  luLr  tnills.  an.l  pan,,  on.  is 
apt  tM  ,.vrrln,,k  thr  particular  pra.ti...  uhj,],  has  1,.!  t,,  tl„.  ,n,n.- 
'1">"""  "I  a  sp,,,al  tvp,.  .,t  inaMnn,'  u<  ,  11,.,  i  a  rrrtam  Irtinitv 
'■"'"'""•"  ""  ''  '1-lM.itr  >  lass  ,,t  ,,n.  Thus,  tor  rxamplr.  pans  uvn- 
">"-'"l'""l  at  KalL,',„,rl„.  „,  .,,11,.,  t  .,,ars,.  ^.,,1,1  ,V.,m  thr  turnare 
I"-"'lu,  t.  t,.  v;ct  n,l  ,,f  s,,lu!,K.  salts  t„.t,,n.  ,  vani.luiL;.  an,!  in  -Tin,! 
.'.ars..  ,,n  s.nt.Tci  partulrs  ,,,  ,„■,  F,,r  tins  purp,,s,.  patis  have 
i'n.vr,]  tvinarkal.ly  s„.,.,...,„i  .,„,,  ,,-  ,,„.  all-r,,ast.n.^  pf.Kcss  ha.i 
.nntinu,.!  un,hallrn^,.,l.  pr-.haMv  thrv  wmuM  havr  tnamta.nr,! 
th,  ir  sup,  lioritN-  un,)ucsii,,nc,l 

Hut  the  a.lvrnt  ,.f  Dr  |)„.hl  an,l  i,r-m„,-,vani.|,.  rhan^r,!  all 
tliat.  or  rath,T,  t,,r  a  titnr.  thr,at,„,.l  t,,  ,1,,  s.,,  I),-  l,„.hl  ,lait,UMl 
tu  1„.  alilr  t,,  ,1,,  away  uith  n.aslin,,;  .ntird.v.  an,l  to  attain  this  „\,- 
.l.vt  a  new  type  of  ore-rr,!,.,  in-  ma,  Inn.-  a  tine  slimrr  was  mvi'S- 
sarv.  an,i  lie  intro,luri,l  Uw  tutu-nnll  for  this  purpose. 

It  IS  mvcssarv  at  the  ..utsrt  t,i  l-.ar  this  ,listincti.,n  in  inin.l, 
lor  It  tlu-  all-p.astm.i:  pnuvss  l.cx.m.s  ,,me  more  universal  or  if 
It  IS  p,,ss,l,le  l,y  ,l,,ser  ,.r  imi,r,.v,Ml  ,oneent ration  to  re,hiee  the 
retraetory  material  (that  is  the  sulpho-telluri.les-  in  the  pulp  to 
an  inappreeiahle  ,,r  immaterial  am,,unt.  then  it  mav  he  reas,>nablv 
.■x,,ecf,l  that,  witli  the  al,sen,e  of  tlu'  n.vessitv  for  tine-sHminj,'. 
pans  will  pr,,ve  a,lvanta,-eous  rather  than  tuhe-mills  on  aeeount  of 
tluir  l,,wer  h,,rsep<,uer  ,,er  unit,  their  .-reater  convenience  in  work- 
niL',  their  capacity  tV.r  amalgamation,  an, I  the  Kranular  nature  (,f 
th,ir  pro.iuct.  These  remarks  refer  to  the  Kal^oorlie  practice  onlv 
a.il  n<,t  to  chstricts  where,  tor  e.xampl,.,  the  finest  c<mmnnution 
possible  per  horsepower  unit  is  necessary  lor  elfective  amalgama- 
tion or  lor  a  liii,'h  (Xtraction  ^'enerally, 

TherefoR,  similarly,  -iven  an  ore  which  yields  the  most  profit- 
able result  by  roasting,  we  can  scarcely  expect  stamps  to  be  pre- 
terreii  fi)r  c'-ushinL'  imriKiscs    1 ;im;,,  tu..  , .;..„    r,._    .  , 


.iryinj;  the  ore  is  ol  ,^r,-,.ater  moment  than  the  less  repairs  required 


74 


Kl-A   l:\  I     I    \     I  \//'/-.    /'AM(    //(    /•. 


I)y  stamps  as  compare. 1  Aith  l.all  iiiilU  Tlir  l.ittri",  u\.<v,-ii\vv, 
appear  to  ha\c  tin-  turther  a.l\aiita-r  c,|  n((uiriii-  K  ■,-.  power 
[>er  I. .11  .nislK.l.  \iel.lin-  a>  tlie\  .]..  an  ..titpiit  ..t  tu..  i.nis  ,,| 
liani  ..re  per  h  p  ,\.i\  tlinm-li  .id  i,.  til  iiu  >li  ..r  .'\  t..ii-  per  li  p 
(lay  thrc.ii-li  a  .'.".  ii'<  sli  -.  n  ,  n  a  r..  ..nl  imappr.M.  Ii.mI  1,v  >taiiips. 
wliieli  rcpiire  re  ■^■nii.lin-  applian.  .■■.  al.s..rl.ni-  e.  ,iim.  leraMe 
I".wer  wlieii  larire  ..tilpnts  ,7  |..  10  t.'iw  per  statiipi  an  f.  !..■  at - 
taitie.l  Til.'  Iie-^l  jiraitu.'  kiMwii  I.,  the  writ.r  in  llii>  .lir..li..n 
\vitli  til.'  ..riliiiar\'  -raviIatiMn  s|,Mi;p  i>  :;:;t;  i,,ii>  ,,,ar-.e  .ni^li.'il 
l'\  111  ^laiiips  i,'_'.-,n  II,  |,,r  |_>()  li  ,,  ,,]„,  .,„  ,,^,,.,,  ,j|)  1,  |,  |,„.  ,1,,, 
lull,'  mill  n,',  ev^ar\-  i.,  irn-li  tli.'  _' III  |..ns  ,.,ars.'  pr.i.lu.  t  t...  -av  , 
•>!•  1"  III  tiu'-ii.  ..r  iKi.ler  tw'p  t'.iis  per  h  p    .|a\'. 

It  thn-  ap]..ars  that  -laini.s  will  I..'  prelerr.'.I  ..iil\'  wli.-ii  il„- 
"iv  M.'l.N  a  ...iisi.l.ral.l,'  pr..p..rtr.n  ..I  -.,|.|  ,„i  i  lie  plal.'s  aii.l  w  Ii.ti 
'■"•'^"'1'-;  '-  '""  '"  1"  a.|..pt.'.l  At  Mr.,k.'ii  llill,  uli.'i'e  til. 'IV  w 
n..  aiiial-anialMii,  tlu'  eru-liiii-  L.'iii-  i.reparat..r\  l.,  uet  ...ii..'ii- 
"■■'"'•'■  ''■>'."■"  '■"•■'''!  IT.'l.-rt..  v.-.'t  .ru^h  iii  liall  mills  ratlur  than 
stamps,  l.iit  Milh.'U'iit  .lata  ar,'  n..t  yet  a\'aila!.l.'  t-.  I'staMi-li 
tile  I'.  .iii.im\'  ..f    thi^   pra.ti.  .' 

A-  t'.  til.-  rel.itu-r  ,';"li,,i,.n.  \'  .,t  ilu'  Kail  an  I  I'.riUm  mi  IN.  apart 
fn.m  th.'.pu'stiMiis  .,1  ,-,st,  p,,u,'r,  and  r.'pairv  t  h.' r.-^'ular -ramilar 
I"'"'""''  "'  'I"'  I'^ill  imlN  appears  s.,  nui.  li  superi.ir  jnr  n.astiii.^ 
piirp.i-es  t.i  the  ..'m.'iit  i  Ime  pins  cars.'  .^ramil.'s  .  .|  ih.'  Crilliii 
mills,  that  It  l.Kiks  as  il  tln'  latt.'r  w,u\.\  n..t  ..mtiiiiU'  in  ta\..r, 
th..u-h  ..11.'  ran  .put.'  nn.Krsian.J  tlui--  iiisiallat  r  .n  vears  a-., 
wh.-n  .li-\    .  ruslmi.^r  r.  •>iilts  wt-r,'  l.'s^  .■■^tallIisllel| 

Airl  ii..\\'  as  t..  pan-  \,'rsn-  tul..'  imlU  It"  1,,'tter  .-..ii.'entra- 
ti..n  ean  sh..\v  a  r.'a-.  maMy  l"re,'  .  vani.liii.,^  i.r.i.lm  t,  then  tli.-  iie.'es- 
sitv  at  Kah^'.M.rlii'  |.,r  tul..  imlN  'lisappears  with  the  the.irv  ..f  a 
<.miplete  n..ii  r.iastiiiL;  tr.alm.nt,  win.  h. as  stat.-.l  ah.ive.was  the 
pnniar\'  eanse  ..t  t  h.  ir  a.L  .pti..n  lint  it  is  l,v  iv  .  nutans  x.I  .leci.ie,] 
rather  the  re\  ers.'  that  «.  .n.. lit  rati,  .ii,  as  pra.tise.j  in  tliis  .iis- 
Iri.t.  1-  \'iel.lin.^.  a  pr...lnet  .apal.le  .,l"  heiiv^  l.r<>m.,-('yani.le.l  with- 
.'nt  the  \-erv  tmest  slimin',^.,  sn.h  as  it  appears  t.il.i'-mi'ls  ..nl\'  .'an 
a,,  yel  a.e..mphsh.  Ii  -ni-t  l.e  rellU'ml.eiv.l  thai  e\ell  ihe  lillest 
shnimi,;  -;i\cs  nu\v  , .  .mparatix  el\-  fair  results  ,„i  t],,'  material 
tliat  is  l.r..iiii.  .  vanrl.'.l  It  was  tlu-  atnal-ainati<ni  re.'.iveries 
tr.itn  the  OI.l  I.ak.'  Vi.w  ami  Ilannan's  Star  plants  which  l.n.iiijht 
ihe  per.'eiitai^e  r.'..  i\  .'ries  t..  s.i  lii-li  a  ti.^'nre.  an.!  an  attempt 
i.---'    .•,;.;a;T-,    ;;,      i;u  hi  s    i.i.im.i-iyani.ie   exlraeti.ms    ti\'    bnnni)  ..'va- 


?^s*^^ 


^■•--  iif  ■ 


•    J-TT" 


^--::^iv,-'^^^^ 


(  i<r^n/\,,   1  \/;  i,/s/\iii\,,  /'A'  i(  //(  /. 


""''■  ■''"'"■  vvithuut   l)v    1)1.'      .    l.^..uu.,^:nu.h■   inrt'in,!      till,.. mill 

"'"   -li"""K     is    ai.t    tn    >„■      ,,^   I V   r.Mi!,.   as   ;,,v    .li,,w„     |,v 

Hiu-  ..t  thf  host    kn..un   nnn,.  al     Kal,.,,,,;],,.        |.;,,„     ,i„,„.i,    ,ii.- 

'""'■  "''  '•''■'  •"'"'•  '-^  -up|M,M,l  In  |„.  p.natn.h    in.    tr.  .in  r.-tra. - 

'"'■'-    '"'"■■'■•'I--    tlu-   ivsi.iiu.s  aiv   npiii,.]    f.   Im.   tl„.   1,1^1,,.^    in    ihr 
liit;ility     L'l   .1\M     p.r  (Mil 

Stirclv,    m    ...niparin..    tl,..    nl.iu,.    ,     „  irn,  i.s    n\    pans    an.l 

'"'"    """-■  ■'"  <Ati-a.  liMi,   t.si    «,,ul,l   liav,.  1,,,-n   n,..r,'  ns,  tn!    ninre 

•"■'■'"■•I"'   ."1.1    in. ,1V   |.ra.  ii.ai    than    ili,.    ,,an    •.  .t^us    tul..>in,ll    irst 

pnl.lislh.l  l,v  tif  hanli..,.  fMinpain        ()|  what  valu.^  is  a   l.Vl  nicsh 

"""i"r.n,iv!...inl.alin^uitiith,.,lassii„aii,,n,,;  ml,,,  nnll  |,r.  ,.lu,.ts:- 

I'.ul   uill,  n..^.ar,l  f,  tli,.s..  t.st.^  tlu.^    «.■,•,    n,,t  ivt-.n-,,!  t.,  ni,,iv 

'''■tinitrly  ininNT,.inarks|,„M,-h,,l  j„    //,,.  /,„,./,;,,,  ,„,  ,,,,  /  .i/,,,,.,,^, 

J.'lin:,,/.    l.,..ans,.    ,t    v\as   ,M,l,.„t    i,-,,,,,    ,!„,    nmiial  ur..n..ss    ,,t    tlu' 

nu.th,„ls    that    th,.    n.sults   ,,|    th,.    t.sis    u.iv    unu,,rtliv   ,,|    s,.n.,us 

'""""''■'■■"'""       ""'■■-    'liiH"    iv-ivt    was    that    nain,.s  n\    s,„  1,    hi„li 

Man.lin^  sh,,ul,l  ha-...  l,,,,,  ta.  k,.l  .,nt,,  tr-ts  s.,  l.a.llv  .am..,!  ,,ut, 

I,,  ih.,s,.  .,,„N..rsant  will,  tul...  mill  w,,rk,  it  is  unn....,.ssarx-  t.,  insist 

""    ''"■    •'''^"'"''-    ""■'I    "i    k,-..,,-,!,^    th,.    t,....l  pnlp    livr    t,-,,iii    slinu- 

.""1  t.,r  takiii.^  tlR.  (inis|,..,l  pr,„hi,t  awav  ip.in  th,.  mill  iiniiu..liat,.lv 

n  1-  l,.ini,..l,  l,nt  thr  I\anh,H.n.,t  ,,nlv  in,  lu.|,.,|  a  hn...,.  pn  .i,.M-ti.,n 

';'    -'"'"■    '"    "^    '"'1      '■'•turnin-^'    thr    tinishcl    ppHhut    t,,   tlu.    nnll 

insl.a,!    .,1    takiiiL;    it    awav    at    ..ivv      hut.    l,v    tlir    int,.rnu., Hate 

^\'^rkuv-    .,1    tin-    l..st    .  n,    altiinat.'    .lays,    a.tiiallv    lia,!    th..    flints 

i-'>at,.,l  with  ..lini,.  at   I  h,-  start  ,,t'  (.a.li  ,lail\-  t>.st 

U,'  lia\',.  tlu.  ..\tra,.r,linai-\-  p.,siti,,n  ,,l'  a  man  wh,,  .lis.,  .x.^.ps 
tliat  an  ,.n..mial  f,,,!  ,,v  in,  ,iv  t  han  -'(>  t,,ns  p,.r  ,iav  .  h,,k..s  Ins  tul..- 
"""■  ;'  Uiallv  t,.,..iin^  n,,  kss  than  MTT  t,,ns'.,i-  t,nislu.,l  slim.. 
""'•'■  Ilian  I.-.d-mrsl...  ,  „■  ni,„v  than  1,..  takrs  ,,ut  , ■_':,!.-.  t,,nsi 
l-r  Ills  ,lailv  ,,ulput,  C.nhl  anv  ,,n,.  ,.xp..,.t  a  mill  tlnis  .h,,kr,i 
t"  'In  >.|l,...tu..  w,,rk-  Can  aiiv.,iu  Unv^w  wmvlrr  whv  th..  ivsnlts 
^l."w  ..niv  a  lVa..t,.,n  .,f  th,.  w.,rk  ,l,,n,.  p,-,-  h  p.  unit  .-..nsunu.,! 
>";"l'aiv,l  with  that  ,l,,n,.  rls,.uh,.n.  l,v  th,'  sam,-  h,,.  uait  ;-  An-i 
s,,  it  happ-.ns  that  wc  hav,.  s..,.n  i.ul.lislu.,!  all  ,,v..|-  thr  .-arth,  ivsults 

'■\lii,.h  must  !,,.  .In,,  t.i  th,.  ..nthnsi-.s,,,  ,,(•;„,.,.,„..■;..„  .      ,-  ,  i 

■'"■■'•'■' '"  ''"--^IH  lU  n.  ..  lath^.i  t  nan  t.) 

any  att.'mpt  .  .r  .Irsiiv  f .  .Klihcrattly  misl.a.l. 

Tlu.  artual  .jaiiy  p'-^^'l"' tiou  ,.|  th,.  tul,,. -mill  rlmk,,!  with 
Im,.  slmu.  was  ..hIn-  Iti.Ti  t..ns  ..t  '  l.",!)'  slim...  altli.-uL'h  th,.  .l.-.ilv 
■■input  i,uiu,hnL,'  tlu.  ivtuni,.,!  slim.,  n.-.^nmiul  'vas  n.,  less  than 
y''M\    t.,ns.       C.ul.i    an\thin.u    t'^    nu.n.    misU  a,iin.i,'     than    ti.i,'uros 


ifl    ~t 


7(i 


Ki-A  i:\i  {  )\\\iiii:  ri<\i  rn  I-: 


nri<li'  ..ut  ciii  surh  a  l.:isis-  (  du-  i-  tniiiitnl  tu  \\.,n.lfv  why  tin- 
inrlaliur-isi  rr.|..  ,n-,iMr  ,1;,]  nut  -,,  ;,  lit!!,,  tunlirr  an. I  r.'.lurr 
tlic  position  ,id  .r:sii>,l!iiii.  \,y  rrturiiiii-  ail  ills  Imislir.l  pf.i.knt. 
thus  pi-M\)ii-  tliat  thi'  tiil.c-iiiill  was  /i.>in-  m.  w,.rls  at  all' 

I  he  trsts  w,-i-('  tlui>  unucrthv  nf  srriinis  in, tire  inainh-  lircausc 
tile  la.k  nt'  ii]i|,.,riutiil\-  fur  the  irvr  r-,c:i]<c  :<v  ivpiuval  .  i'  tlic  linishcl 
Hil,.-iiii!i  iii-u,hui  fc'lmnl  th./iii  tu  an  al.sur.lit  \-.  On  the  uthcr 
l';"i'i  the  pan-^  ,-p,H  iallx-  tile  lir-t  pan  wrfc  alluur.l  a  niurh  l.cttc:- 
"I'p'M-tunit)'  ui"  ;;cttin-  ri'l  ut"  tlicir  tmishr,!  pru.liut.  th.uti-h  (atii 
hrrc  the  arran-rmmts  mi-hl  haw  l.tvii  ini]iru\aML  Tlf  first  pan 
nvru-,.1  ,,nl\  71  tun-  uf -hinr  witli  an  uri-iinl  I'rc.l  n\  -Ji  :i  tun^,  ut 
sand,  as  ai,.ainst  thr  Hi!,.'  iiii!!  ,|i,.,ta  ,,|-  L't;  77  t.,ns  ,,(  sli,,,,.  witli  an 
"iT^ina!  trr.l  u|-  !(),.-,  ,un,  ,,r  -an,!  .,nlv  lia.j  s.,inr  tn,,rr  rlhnrnt 
r..nipariM,n  .,f  t  lu- p- u.hi,  t  tlian  ;hr  |.-,l)-uH--h  srr.vn  l„vn  a\'a:lal,lr. 
the  .•iiirt  .-t'  the  .■umitui,,u,  r. --rin, lin--  ,,f  ihr  ml,,- -mill  hnislir,! 
pf'"lu(t   tnust  sinTl\-  ha\-.    l,.,n  appai'.'iit 

In  tin-  al,.,\-,'  rctnarks  n  irrrn.f  i-,  ma.lc  t.,  thr  slinic       m.litiL,' 
tests  .,nlv.      1    ha\c  alroa,i\-  sh.,\\n  i-Nrwhrrf  that   -iwti   tli.'  .,r,li 
iiar\-  ....ts  ,,'•  ilinis  aifl  lin,  r-  in  pla.  v  .  ,f  t!ie  extra. ,f.lniary  r.,sts 
Slate. 1.  the  a. hanta-f  lay  with  the  till,.,  mill   eva-n    apart    l"r.',m    the 
ennsi.k.]-ati..ns  .,f  hniitati.in  <,t'   .  ,iil],ut  referre.l  t.,    al,u\f:    an.l  thi- 
feniark   nL^rs  aU<,  ;,,tlu-  tme  urin.lm- ,  l,reakin- ,l.,wn   ...arsesan  1 
experiiiieiits.      Sittm-    ihnts   aii.l    liner     .l,,un    at     I  7.').1     t.,    _>.l 
\\hi.  h  is  the  .inlmary  e.,st      the  r.'lative  e.,sts  per  t.,n   L;r.,un.i   are 
.S.NCiil.  fur  tiii.e  nulls,  as  a-ain-t    lO.lil'.l    with  pan-. 

In  tiiis  euniuvti.,11  II  is  euri.ius  that  in  Westc^rn  Australia 
they  sh.,ul,l  still  us.-  .a-t  in.ii  linm-s,  wlm-li  appear  t.,  hax'e 
l,e<  ,nie.,l,M  l.tein  ,  ,t  her  pl;i,  . -,  Inth.feeeni  .iis(ussi,,n  at  [..han- 
ne-Kur-  Mr  !.e,tp,,l,l,  i,,rneral  mana-er  ni  the  Treasurv  miiriusm- 
the  Krupp  tuhe,  stat.'.l  that  !a-  i'ntirel\-  e.,neurre.l  with  Mr 
I»"whn-  a-  to  the  superi,,rn\-  ,,f  ihnt  liners,  '•whieh  r.,mjhlv  e.  ,st 
i>n.'  half  an.l  last  twin'  a-  l.,m^  as  the  .hille.l  ir.,n  unes." 

I'ans  hii'.c  |,ru\e.l  ihemsrhes  reliahle,  ,;fi<i,nt.  aii.l  ...in'o- 
"•'"'  "'_"■'■'■  '-'''"tmu  1-  empl.,ve.i,  !,u(  there  aiij.ears  as  vet  nu 
pn,.,t  ,,|  su.ii  elfieienev  un  uniuaste.l  sulphu-telluri-le  lailin<;, 
"11  the  ...ntrarv.  t!l,'  exvlm.  .  I- ,  .late  srems  all  in  fa\  .,r  ,,f  the  n^e 
"t   the  tulie  mill  .,11   such  mat. -rial. 

Hvthewav,  .,n.-  ,ann.,t  hut  he  -urpri-e.l  at  tli,'  .lilfereiiee  .,t 
"i>iiii.,n  ..htainin-  l.,eall;,  a-  t.,  t  he  \\.  .rkitiL;  .if  pans  X.,  i  w.,  nei-ii- 
l".nn-  metallur-i.st.s  seem.,1  t..  he  .,f  the  sa-ie  ..pim.Mi       Thus'at 


■"«";■  •  •  T 


(  AV  ■n7//.\V/  .  1.\7^  ^VvVA  dim;  I'K,  u  77(  /•;,  77 

","■  '■'■■'"'"■'  '■!"■  >"i"|unsann--va.i,i,'ht  nn-s  aiv  lijcrhlv  ,l„,u.'ht 
"':  ••""!  "Huh  l,a.  iKvn  ,,ul,l,sl,..,l  al,,,,,!  ,1,,,,,.  hut  at'  thr  ,u.xt 
I'""'-  ^.Miol.  I  was  infu,.m.,l  that  th.  .n.np.nsattn^-u,,^!,,  rin^s 
';^"""">  ""-wn  out.  as  havin,,-  ,,n,v,,l  ,,f  no  a-Kanta^o  uhatrv.-r 
^'"''''^^■^'  "'">'•  '  "as  t..l,!  ,lu  ,,1,1  nn^.nal  S-lt  ,,at,.  t.rst  ,„tr.,- 
""'■'''  "'•■'■  ""■  ''>'^'  1'^'"^  ""  thr  iul,l.  an,l  th.s,.  v,t  pans 
*'"''■ /'^■"'-  ■■"'"1'"''  •"••  "•«•  ni-st  ,v,.nt  plan,..  Tlur..  ,.  n,,.,]  ,,„■ 
auth,.n,at,v,.  u ,  ,vk  t„  in-  ,l„nc.  in  tins  n.att.r,  an,l  I  l„,p,.  ,l,at 
AK'Ssrv  kh„  an,l  Tavl,,,-  will  ,„„,inur  tl,.„-  valuaM.  nnvsti..a,i,ms 
mt,,  thr  su!M(',t. 

,  „  -V' "'■'■'"■-  ''-^"It  nf  the.  intr,H),„.,„,„  ,,f  H.vtn,-  p,,w,.,-  is  that 
'■-"-"'•lis  ,.\,..  .-,,  ,-„,„u.,-ly  ra„.,i  .,  17  to  L'4  h,p.  ,st,.un.  arc 
""^^'  -'"■'' ^"  f"l'i'.  u.l.vtri.-.  Asa  littlr„v,.rL'(l()  1,  p,  ,.t-an,,  is 
'unnn,,,  nui.  „|  ,h,-sr  m.lls  at  KalK'H.rli.-  wuh  thuv  tans  an,l  all 
tlu'  shatrnw,  an,l  as  2t  h.p.  ,s  alH.ut  tho  highest  ti^u.v  n.luatoi 
'"'■  ''  -N-  •'  Krupp  mill  witli  full  diai-c'  an,l  running  ID'  ,,v.t 
""■•mal  .p-v,l  an.l  in,h„IinK  shafting,  vw  .  thr,v  must  ruluT  1,.. 
■■'  '•'"'- "'■■''■Iv  p,„,r  <.!(i,,i,„,,,  „,■  ,,,^,  ,.,^,^,,,.i,.  ^,^,^j^^_.^  ^^^.  ^1^^^  ^|^^_ 
rlcitru-   rat  in:,'   is   uiaicuratc. 


I'AXS  \-.   TL'IilCS 

Tlir    l-Mnur: 

^i''      It  li;i-  'Mcuvvcl  Id  nil  .  ill  tlu'  rasr  ■>\  many  -.i'  the  .■mitrd- 

\'rr--ir-  i.\f]-  tlic  rc-iK-itiM    nicrit-^  <>i  ^riii'liii'^  pan-;  aii'l  tul.c-niilk. 

Iliat    no   rral    liasis   Inr  ar'^iiiiifiu    wmuM    It   Irlt    if   in,, it   al  tiiili,  hi 

\\>Ti'  I'avi  t,,  ,l<'l]iiin,L;  llic  'v,,rk  t'l  !,<■  i»rli  iriiu,!  1,\^  rarli  iiKu-liini'. 

I-iir  iii^Iaii,  r.  i--  liilal  --limiiiu  ^  >l  t  iif  ,  mt  the  prim  i|ial  i "ti-i'lcrati,  m. 

■T  i-   -liinin-   "iilx-   \n   \n-  i  hr   unal   ^ta:^c   in    iIk    cni'-liin-    ]>:•,,<  fss. - 

In  the  'rraiisN  aal.  t,  ilaNliinin-      ni- at  Ica-t  intal  lin,-  --iti'liivi,' — 

"t  the  >lainii-niill   |,n„hi,l    s.-cni-  t,i  hr  the  ,lt-irr,l   ,r.,l.   wiiilt-   in 

Kali^oiirlir  stainp-niili  ],ra,li,-f  l,.ta!  Nlimin^  i-i  wanti-l  ■,ril\^  afti-r 
a  iircliniinarv  mm  rntrati,>ii  has  Ikcii  clh  ,  !r,l,  M,,ih  -rii^Iinuiiaiis 
a'1,1  uil,r-niills  arc  in  use  hrrr,  an,l  ra,li  tilN  satisfa,  t,  ,rii'.  iis  own 
I"'-iti"n  in  ihr  -.■hnnr  ,,t  I  rtalninit ,  'l"hc  intr,  „lu,  ti,  ,n  ,  ,l'  the 
■^'rin,!i!i,^'  pan  mi,,  ih,'  niilliiiL;  pra,  li,r  uf  \\\st,ri!  An-falia  was 
uii,l(,nl,ir,ll\^  riiir.  in  ihi'  lirsi  |,Ia,r.  t,,  a  .Ic-^in'  t,,  hiwir  tiic  Ivcat- 
ninil  cisis  ii,  wcIm  rushiii-  mills  which  wcit  nsiiv^  the  hviiiin- 
,'\'ani.lc  ^:-,iicss  1,11  >ulphi,  ti-ilnri,ic  .  ,ri>s  Its  snci,'^-,  m  tiiis 
partiiiilar  tun,  lion  has  Icl  t,,  its  ,Ir\rl, -|iin,'iil  as  a  '^riii,:;n-  inarli- 
inr  pure  an,]  ■^iinplr  ,  .11  many  .hlhi-cnt  .  lassrs  ,j|  mjts  '[']],■  ,-,,n 
'hl;,iiN  'vhiih  intr,  "lur,  ,!  the  pan  wcit  : 

I  A  lii'^li  ,'<in'~iimpti,,n  ,  ,f  a  hiL;h-pric(',i  .•h.cnii,  al.  na:iU'l\-. 
l,ri,inii-,\aniilc 

-  'I'hi'  kni  wlf.l^r  ih.at  in  this  vcspci't  rxi,rn,lil  ur,'  ,,,iil,l  ],v 
ni'ist  easily  rchuril  I,\-  chminatiiiLr  li\"  r,  iniciitrali,  ,n  a--  mm  ii 
,it    the    -cM    as    [■(issiMc    l,rl,irr    tiTaliiiriil     with     l,r,  ,111,  ■-,  >  aiii,lc. 

'■>  An  I, IT.  til,'  \  a  hi  a  1,1 1  ■  ;,,,rti,,ii  ,i|'  whi,  h  was  in,,-l  ^n-.  cptililc 
t"    sliniinv. 

J  I  hr  lie,  r-.sil  \    ,,1  vr,luiiiv^  t  hr  ,-nishril  iiVi-  tV' nil  tilr  stamps, 

tn  a  si/.v  whi.  h  w,,iil,l  tnr  ih,    iinmTal  partiili's  |",.i-  ,,.n,,  iit:,ili,,n. 
witli  tlK-  crcati,,!!  ,,f  a  inimimim  pci\ciitau;i'  "t  slinu-. 

Tlu'sc  (i,n,li;Mii-  si>,ni  s,,nicwhat  ,  ,  ,111  ra,li>  t,  ,r\-,  iiia-:r,m  h 
as  ,U(i,Mi  r,.nr,iurati,,n  practi,.-  .Imian,]-  that  ihr  mineral  he 
sa\-c(l  in  as  i,,ar-c'  a  r,  in,liti,  ,11  a-~  pn-,sil,|r.  while  ,,n  tla  ,ither  liaml 
a  lii'^'h  e\lraeli,,ii  tn.m  the  n,a^te,l  cmiciil  I'ates  .l,'nian,N  that  ail 
mineral    parti,  les   1„.   ,  mshe,]    MihH  iinl  l\-    tine   f,    tV>c    them    tnnn 


I'.WS  :■    TCHES. 


7lt 


cnclnsuiv  ni  L:an<:,„.  n,;,t, .,■,:.!.  It  is.  hoNvrvcr.  tlu>  vriA  ^wnllut 
"I  <lir,ian.N  whi.h  has  ma.i.-  a  pla.v  f„r  tlu'  -rin.iin- '  ,k-i".  Hk' 
r..nstni,  ti.,n  an,l  uprratmn  ,,f  u-hi,!i  rriLlrrs  i-  ihiss,!,!,.  t,,  iv.i,'ulate 
uith  M.nir  acrurac  V  th,'  si/a'  ..f  tli,-  pnHlu.t  whuh  it  .lischaru'fs. 
Willie  sta-c  Krin.liii'^'.  as  a  ,.rrliniinarv  t..  rnmmtrati.ui.  is 
tlu'  w,n-k  t..r  whirh  the  pan  '.vas  unijinally  ir.:  nMhuf,!.  its  tifM  .,f 
■isctulii,..  ,s  l,y  „n  „„,,„s  vnnUnvA  to  this  particular  .jutv.  [ts 
'■Iti.irn^  V  as  a  tinr  .i^rin.lrr  is  luin-  stra.lilv  .Icninnstrat.'.l.  an.l 
tlu-  hnnt  to  wliirh  tim-  «rin,lin,L;  in  pans  ran  l,r  rarri,..i  ,s  not  vrt 
in    siL:ht 

In  n  -anl  to  slimin.i,'  of  tlic  t.,tai  stamp-mill  pro.ln.t,  it  semis 
I'v  no  m.ans  settl.Ml  whether  sta-,.  -H„,H„,^r  „,  ,,,.„„  „.j,,,  ,,„.,, 
■>lnn,n,  m  tul„-mills.  w,ll  not  prove  more  reo„,,m,eal  than  .lire,  I 
Minim-  ,,|  tile  wholr  pro.liut  in  tube-mills,  Tlier,.  is  no  .louht. 
'',""'■",'■■  ''''"•  ''-^  >'"  a.ljuiict  to  a  stamp-mill  lor  the  purpose  of 
mvmv  inereasr.l  efluieney  to  tlu'  stamps  l,v  allowi,!-  the  use  of 
'"•"'"'■';  ^;  '■'■'■"■^.  ""■  iiel.l  for  l.otli  these  iiiaelimes.  usr.l  in  eonilmia- 
ti"ii    \\i,h   ea.  h   other,   is  a   wi.ie  ene 

it  1^  the  -^ueeessful  .levelopment  ot  the  urin.lin-  pan  wliieh 
lias  enaMe^I  the  v,et-,rushm-  nulls  at  KaiLroorlie  to  survive  the 
mereasmu  rompeiition  of  the  .Irv-erushuv^  ,n.l  roastiuK  mills; 
•""'  "  ''■'-'"  '■"  »'"■  '■'"'''■  factor  m  uiereaMn-  output  an,l  .livreasini; 
o)sts  ot    the  stanip-miils  at  the  (piart/.  mines  out-.  1  ■  ,,f  Kali^oorlie"^ 

1)    1'.  .MnciiKi.L. 

Kal-o.irhe.    |une  !l.    lltDti 


',*■. 


ZIXC  DLST  V.  SlIAVIXG 

.\uifii-t  IS    liini. 

Tlir   Ivlif.r- 

Sir-  Dui-iiil;  tin-  hist  k  w  \<ars  1  lia\'f  had  iirca->iMti  !.i  xisu 
iiiaii\"  I  \aindc  iilaiil>  in  .lilTrrriit  ]iarts  uf  \\]v  cuniitrN  .  and  haw 
nuird  with  L;f('at  mtt'Rst  the  nuthiuls  iniphnrd  m  diricrtiu 
sritKuis.  While  m  thr  Hhick  Hills  a  k'.\  \  t  ars  ai^c  i  1  mKi  i-\  i  d  with 
L;riat  satistarliun  the  apparent  >iur(  ss  (if  zine-dust  pni'.pilatinn 
and  ncitunl  ■\iih  what  temioinv  m  lal  nr  L;reai  vdlunn--  uf  >..lutiiin 
\vi-rc  liandUd.  The  ■|uestii>n  ariso  m  tn\-  mind,  \\'h\-  i^  /.iiu -dust 
pneipitalidii  iV't  iiiiirc  u!n\'rrsall\-  (inpluyKJ-  All  i\  anid.c  uprra- 
Inrs  arv  will  awarr  ni  the  -^n  at  anioum  uf  laliur  m  n  s-ai''.  !■>  kta  p 
zitu  diiixts  pr(ii)frl\-  drcsM'il  and  in  •^na,'.  wcirkins,'  nrdir,  tn  --ax' 
ii'iihini,'  lit  tln'  lalmr  unshed  in  the  iiKinthh'  nr  ln-ni.  mi  lil\-  cleaii- 
iiji  In  ptiini  cit  (Tiiniinix-  in  lalmr.  zini  dust  pritijiitatinti  rrnainh- 
has  thr  ad\antai;c  (i^tr  prrcipitatidii  (in  zitU'-shaviiiL,'-.  It  it  is 
all  that  (.-(luld  he  desired  111  (ither  respiM'ts,  win-  WduM  it  I'jit  he 
ee(in(iin\-   t(i  desii,'!!   all   plants  nt'  nidderate   size   \\-ith   tlii^  prueiss- 

I  think  a  diseussKni  of  1  he  sul.j,'(,t  !,•-  those  t  iiiph 'V  iivj  the 
priK-ess,  ,ui\iipi4  li.Ljures  as  t(i  ensl  (it  installalKm  and  oieration, 
(-tlu-ien(-\-,  ete.,  uniiM  lie  read  with  'jn  at  mten  st  hv  (-'"ailide 
"]i(.'rat(irs. 

C'\.\Miii:    Max. 

('•(.Idlield.     Xe\    .  jtil\-     L>S.    \\HH\ 


Znb  dust  preeijiilatidii  in  evanide  wnrk  jnissessc  s  distinct 
ad\antaees  (i\er  ziiie-shax  iiii.'.  and  has  1  i-en  enipldvc'l  wmIi  marked 
sueeess  at  the  .  \-amde  plants  (it  the  Ilnmestake  Ciimpar,-.-  m  the 
Black  liills.  This  pidcess  was  i'\-(i|\...d  lin  re  alter  diliu'ciu  stu.h. 
''"•  'ill  the  details  iia\-e  ne\-er  heeii  '^'i\-en  Ki  the  puMn  .  ar.d  it 
IS  iidssihle  that  the  siu-cess  (if  the  [.nicess  at  the  Lead  Cit  \  idatlts 
inav  depend  npun  sdtne  impdrtant  trick  (if  nianipulalidii  u  Inch 
the  niana,L^enu-nt  wishes  tc  (dncial.  Man\-  attempts  ha\e  he  en 
made  td  Use  the  pi'dcess  at  dther  plants.  Put  withdut  suci-ess. 
It  would  lie  dillicult  td  assi-;!!  the  i  ause  tor  this  failun  It  ma\ 
'"■   '•"•'   '"   '!»    filu'tanee   (if  (iperatdi-s   k.   sujiiilant    a   suiijile   and 


/f.\(    ncsT  ;■  s//.wi.\(;. 


SI 


rchauir  j.r.Hvss  h.r  ,,n.-  <  i.iiiparuti wiv  conipiuaicil  and  umrirci: 
hut  It  WMuld  sci'm  t,,  \,^■  ,\uv  ,n  sonu-  instatuvs  to  unt'a\i,ral,k' con- 
diiiuns  lur  pRTipitati.Mi,  .,r  it  niav  \k-  altoKcthcr  <\uv  U>  havitii; 
niissf.l  tlu  ,,m-  I'catmv  essential  tu  svucrss.  as  known  onlv  to 
the  H.Mncstake  oprratois^  '1-hc  reason  lorthe  continued  i.opulafit  v 
of  zine-sliavint;  is  .ihviou^.  The  process  is  simple  and  appeals 
to  the  avera.^'e  intelh-enee.  We  join  with  .,ur  correspondent 
m  his  uoiidernu'nt  at  the  si(,\v  int  roducti.m  of  ;<nu-dust,  and 
venture  to  predict  tl-,.,l  as  s,„„i  as  the  proci'ss  ,i,'ets  a  fair  start 
and  tile  i.niieiples  of  Its  use  ari'  better  understood,  u  will  easily 
supers.de  the  cuiiil.e rsonie  method  111  \oj,'ue  at  the  pri'si'nt  time. 
\\  e  ^Vall  he  ^i^'lad  to  ]iu!)iish  tlu'  ^  ii^ws  of 

ICduok. 


)t  lyaniik^rs  on  this  subject.  — 


Till-  Tki-:.\TMi-:.\T  OF  1)1-:si-:kt  orks 

A.ik:'.:.i  j:,    hull, 
Thr    l-Mui.r: 

Sir  1  l).i\(  l.r.n  intrn -.ird  in  'lie  liisciissinn  li\  Mr  Mi.Mjiii 
aii.l  Mr  lluiit  ivlainr  i<.  ilir  inalnuiil  ut  .!(  sni  i,r<  -.  A-  1  lia\c 
rrcrii'lx'  lurn  rci|iiir('il  in  ,1,-\im'  a  iii.'IIkkI  ,  ,f  irrainniil  tnr  llir  nrr 
iif  niu'  nf  thr  niiiii  -  lu  ar  llic  Ci  niihinal  n  m .  at  ('.nlilticM.  tlir  ImIIuw- 
iiil;   'na\-    lir   nl'   inlcrc  --i 

Tlu-  iiiatrna!  is  t\|iual  <<t  ilic  CiiMlu'lil  .listrut.  l.iit  wa-  the 
inwrr  i^iailr  iiiillui-  nr,-,'  a\i  la-ini,'  alu.ut  sl'(I  |,,r  \..u  W'lit-ii 
the  -aiiipirs  wvrr  bn-ii'^^lit  in  tlu-  lal.nratnfx  1  «a-  rr.|ii.  MciI  1i> 
iiKikr  'ainalL^aniatinn.  .  nmcntral  im, .  ami  r\  an  tile  tot  '  tmh  trnmnc 
tlu-  l.rM  |M,ssiMr  cxtrartinii  nl ,t ai iKil ilc .  •riif  tcM  -a \V  111.  tnllnw- 
I"'-  n>-.ill^:  ki  n.xrn  il  1,\  amal-ainatmn  .  :{•_",.  1,\  ,  i  m,  nit  r;  - 
"■'11.  Mi.'',;  aii-l  l.\-  r\  atiiilalinii  nf  tailniL!.  U\  r.' ,  ,  iiKakin-  a 
n  'l;il  mnvrvv  n\  !i.",  [iiT  mit 

■I'll.'  >iim(  III  fail  was  vrvv  lii^'li -i;railc  Ik'hil;  .  .\-,  r  s.-,(i(i  p,,- 
"""  '"!''  I'l  I'l-i '■•■iili'ii  y  ,  l,v  \\rl,L;llt  nt  tlu-  nlT  lakiti  Atl.r 
i-nMll.lrllllL;  lliis  irst,  I  linnlnl  In  t  rv  .IlIT.I  rxailli  lill-  n|  i  b,-  niv 
alter  .lr\ -rrusjinii;  I  lie  u  Imlr  n)  ,-  [,,  |(l()-„usli.  wiili  il,,-  result 
tlial  i  nliiamnl  <ij',  exi  ranmn.  After  eniiliriiiiiii;  iluse  results 
l.v  further  tests.  I  r.enmiiieii.K.l  the  fnllnwm-  -em  rai  nulhn.l 
nf  trealiiuni:  I  )r\-erus!„n^  in  |_'nr  Iti-inesh,  line  -rimlinL^  ,i,  uil.e- 
tnilis  with  e\-aniile  snlulmn  in  KKlMiiesh.  a-iiatmn .  ami  tilter- 
presslll',^ 

The  ilireei  ir,  aMiieiii  nf  this  nre  l.\  exani.le  \M,uM  have  nianv 
ailxanta^es  nxerthe  usual  euslnni  nf  .iiiiai-aiiialinn  ami  enm  en- 
tratinn  tnllnuv.l  1,\-  evani.lin-.  In  the  first  plaee  ualer  is  Mrv 
■^^■■"■'■'''   '"    '•"■   "i-'linarx    slani|.-niill   praeliee    water  is   us,  ,1   „,    t  he 

'■•'""    "'     '''■'"»     '""'■    '"    -    veil     pans    1,V     «e,,.hl     In    nne     nt     nlv  In 

tnllnwm-  the  1(1,  a  suum;,  sti'il  al.nee.  u  wnuM  !„■  ii,-,,,sar\  milv 
tn  usr  a  sulh,  u-nl  aninuiit  ,-i  water  as  e\;ini,ie  snlutimi  i.,  :;,  t  ,h,. 
Kesi  ivsults  Irnin  ih,'  tul„-  ■■■:!,  „1  a;;ilalinn  ta'  .s.  ami  Im^vasli- 
inum  111,-  liliir-pivs.,  s  Aimnlin.i;  m  Mr.  Mutt. is.  K 1  Om  praetu  e 
shnws  thai  Ih..  prnpnriinn  nt  water  tnmv  us.  ,1  m  iiilie-inills  shnuM 
'";  '""'  '"  ""''■  '"■  I'---  '"  "I't.am  Ih,-  ,-reatisi  .-ifui,  m-v-.  The 
l'!aiit    wnuM  .list    nuuh   K.ss  tn  install  than   the  usu;.l   siainps  .•.n,! 


////■-    I  l<i:.\IMI:\r  (>/■    DI-.^l-.KT  "Kl-.s, 


s;? 


MTli    CUT  l-'it  , 


M   xiiiir   1  \  aiihlc-aniirx  .  ami.   ri(|uiniii; 
l.ut   ..lie  .  ivw  ot  inni,  11    \\,,;,1.|  IV, hi.,'  ilu-  niHralin-  c^ts  iiialrri- 
''"-^■-      '    ''""'■'    '!"■    a.l\isalnlil\-    n|    tnatm,^    the    iiia.innt\    ,,1   uivs 
n;    1m,iIi   saii.l   and  siuii.     planls,   su.  h   |,lant■^  m   iii\-   n,,ini,,n   l..in,i,' 
Miital.lr  ..niN    tu  lailm-   pilrs  wlinv  thr  rni.liin-   lias  alrra.K    l.i'cn 
''""'         ''■•    "1"^'    '"'<■-    1'    a    I'lant    i--    ii,-,,^sar\     t.,    treat    t  lir    sliiiu' 
win  II   rnishiiiL;  r.iai-sr.   it    will    pav    i,,   sl„,u.  ..\vr\  t  hm;^   and   ifiat 
altM^c  th.v      thus   (.iiiil.inm-   all    thr    work    in    <>nv    plant    with   mn- 
""'■"■        ^'"''   ''"    '    1«1h  \c-    m    tlu>    ..•lur   i.ra.iuv      i  xr.  pt    m    laiv 
ra>,-      .,t   inishiiiL,'  all    tlu-   ,,iv   t..  a    .MO-nirsli   slmuv      Tlmsc    who 
liaw    hail   In   op,. rate    hltcr-pn  ss^s  or   tiltcnn-  ,1,.m,vs   ivalizr   thr 
ihlthiill\    of   tilicnn-.    ua>hin-.an.l    iriiinx mi,'   rakt  s   of   l>(»()-nu  sh 
^hn)r.  wh.l,    if  all  the  o,v  i>  chisIumI  to   11)0  nush.  a','itatr,|  as  on,. 
I"-'"lu>t.an.|    hltrf-pf,  ssr-1.    the    ixtra.tion    is   n,,t    mat,  fiallv    iv- 
'lur,  ,1,  sa\,    111  .■xivpti,,nal  ,  asrs  an,l  the  .•ak,'s  ,  an  \,v  ina,lr  thi,  k.r 
an.l    ,ln,r.   an.l   aiv   rasih    wasli,.l    an,l    iTin,,\,,l        in    fart,    s,,tiir 
|,t   t!-„.   1),  w  imss.'s  ai-f   so  roiistrmtcl   that    niat.Tial   of  this   kind 
'''";"'    'il!''i''''i.    wasiu.l,  an,i    shnrci    ,,ut    aui  ,iniat  i,  all\'    with,,iit 
ynlaihi/j  thr  rxi.rns,.  of  .,p,.nin,u  th,'  pi',  sscs  1«  iw,  ,.n  ,.-,rh  ,'hani,'<v 
Tills  .:  ,,,,i  p,,ssil,k.  with  a  \-rr\-  line  slim,-,  ^^  hi.li  l^conus  as  tnia- 
I'lous  as  India  fill, Iut  ami  must  he  altii,.st  ihiMdcj  from  th,.  ,d,iths 
In    th,.    i;,aiontv    ,,f  rasi^s    the    mill    .d,  an-up    will    sli,,w    a    ,t;f,  at.'i- 
.x     a>li.,n    than    if  all    is   ,ruslH,l    to   pass   .'(Kl-nush ,   \\w   p,,ssil,|, 
<-x.xpii,.ns  aiv  sul|.!ii,irs  ,.r  prviiaps  a  >k-an  si:u-i,,us  ,.n..  fu,.  fp,,n 
aiX'illai-i-ous  matiTial 

Mr  lios,|ui.  in  ad\-o,atin-  wet  inishjn.^.  and  amah^'aniation 
m.'inions  ,]„■  ■'.^Mvat  a.i\anta,.^r  of  l,rin-  ahl,.  i,,  s.vuiv  ,l:ulv  ffoin 
platrs  .-,11',  ,,f  the  ,/xirarlion  .ditaincd  frnm  s.-,()  ,„v.  as  ,,impaivd 
with  waitin-  tor  the  tr.li.ius  niont  hly  ,  ,r  l.i-mont  hi  v  ,Iran-up  in  a 
c'yani,lr  plant. ■'  I  ,,..nt.ss  that  1  ,aniiot  srr  this  a,lvanta,u'r, 
CnishiiiL;  tio  f.  7".  t,.ns  per  day  an,l  nvo\,rin-  .sl>.-,  p,.,-  ,,,„  .,von|d 
hr  lait  s!.,s:.-,  ,„.,.  ,|;,v  at  ;..o.st.  an,i  smvlv  lu-  w,,ul,l  n.,t  inaisc  a 
mrlt    ry.ry  ,|a>-   tor  that    am,:unt,      A   l,i-m<,nthl\-   rlran-up   wouhl 

•'"""""   '"  ''"t   ^-^' "iH.h  is  not  an  unusuai' rUan-up  c-vrn  m 

"ur  Cahtoi-nia  mills.  A  ,yani,lr  plant,  if  pn,M,.i'lv  ,K'si-nr,l. 
tail  1„  n.i.iLdil>-  (Laii..,!  uj.  rxerx-  i.n  ,lavs  with,)ut  an\-  -ivat 
inr,mv,  nirn.v:  to  !,<■  foll,,w..,:  l,y  a  .-mpk-lr  rlran-up,  sav  ,.n.r  a 
month.  ]  must  a>,'ivr  with  .Mr.  limit  n-anlim;  t  he  piartKahilitv 
ol  .i-iishmi.;  df\-  t,,  anv  rc(|uire,|  tinnrss,  as  instaiur,]  in  <  eniein 
mills,  l.iit  that  is  not  nc-eL'Ssary.      It  is  my  l.elief  that  the  time  will 


HI 
If 


81 


/\7-.(  l,\  I    i   Y  \\  !/)/■:  /'h\\(  1 1(  /, 


siicpii  iiniic  u  h 


111  ncaih-  '\\rvv  lu'w  minlcm  mill  >  ipcr.iiitv^  \\\< 


■n  ;i 


lni,-i(;il   iM.is"  un  tlir  .li-siris  will   !„•  ^i i  r. .list III.  I .■(  1   that   vnishiii 
'"    '"  '"■   "'  "loll   "ill   1.1    ilnui-  .ir\    l.\    Lrrakn-s  an.l   r..lU  ,  ,i-  l.all- 
iiiill-,    an.l    the    uh..|<     pnnhut    will    tlun    U'   mixr.j    with    r\aiii.ic 


sohili.in   c.f  a   sirrii-tli   suKi,  iriit    t..  ..1 


tain   tlir   lii'^lust    (xtr 


an.l    pa>sr,|    thr.iui;h    t ul .c-inills    ..r   s..iiic   ..tluT    .'csi.c    [,,    rcl 
t'.  a    tincnrss  ..t    HKIiiush;   that    tlH-pni.kut   will    all    I 


(.11.111 


IKf 


..■    a-.Iatnl 


t..,L,'(tlur  an.l    passcl    \,,  lilti  r  ptvssi  <  so  cdnstnutr.l   a^   {<>  iHrmit 
.it  aiit.iniatir  (lisihari,Mni,' 

TIh'  ..l,j(  I  ti.in  td.hist,  I  think. will  I. 


)Vfi\i)mc  a^  It  is  111   th 


rcnirnt    mills   ■.!    i-;iir..|..',    wlurr   tin-   laws   nniprl    the   install, 
<'i  I'xhanst-fans   ami   .hist-r.ill; 


itimi 


■tiir> 


In   a   iilani    mu  h 


rmiylily  (nuliiicl.  tin-  .lu^t   luul.l   I 


>l'    cilUCXT. 


.>■  pipis  iiiiiiuTtr. 


with  an  cxhaiist-tan  t.i  a  li..p,.rr.  w  lurr  a  sprav  <,f  .  yani.lr  M.lution 
wnnl.l  r..lK,  t  an.l  cavry  it  tn  \w  niixc.l  with  the  tlll.i-mill  it...! 


Siu  h  an  arran,t.;fnu'nt  w..-'  1  he  ctfi 


I'lMihut 


m.l 


lirnt,  ami  thr  r.  .st  i.|  inslalli 


iipfraiiiiL;  wnil 

AlKlll 


tnlH 


"K 


thr  ciiarso   tjol.l  i 


ur  p..int   whirh   I   think  is  <rfncrallv  ()\-i'ii....kc.l  is  t 


nany  ..rcwlun  suhjiTti-.l  to  the  i,'nn.li 


iiat 
iil;  a.  1 1. Ill   .if 


llu'  tutn'-niill  111-  an\-  .itluT  marhin 
a    100  iius 


V  ni'irssarx-  In  jiass  it    thr.iUL;li 


h  sirccn,   will   erase  to  !.c  i-..arsf  ljiiI.I.      All  ..l   us  km 


h.iw  l.rittlr  .i,'.il.i  lice.mus 


t'\cn  tip..n  nillmL;,  as  is  sun  in  assa\ii 


laillion    when    rollinj,'    .mt    the    ecirncts,    which,    uiik 
anncalfd,  will   '.riak  t.i  pines.      This  ;,aiiic  act 


■pcatclly 


i.in  (.curs  111  i,'nii( 


in,i;   the  (irc  an.l   is  ai.lc.l    l.\-   the   saii.l   ,L;nt.   so   that    l.\    the   tiim 


the  (irt 
fin  I. 


passes  100  mesh.  pHK  t icallv  L-wry  particle  cf  -..I. I  is  ;,  \-, 


scalt'.  a  TiK.st  ideal  i  .in. litKui  I'.ir  c\aiii.ie  att; 


Crushini;   t'     10  or    Iti   nu-sl 


IS  (l(ine  ( 


h(  .per  in  hreak(,r  and   rolls  drw  t! 


1.    11(1    matter    Ikjw    hanl    the    ruck. 


stani])-niills   wet.      The   c.iSt    ..!   install, 


lan   wit  h  l.re.ikers  an.l 


itKiii   jicr  ,i;i\(  n   caj.a.  itv   is 


IKI  in  desert   •■c'.^'Kins.  where  water  is  of  itselt  su.h,  a|.r(il. 


tile  dry-erushini,'  nieth(.d  must  appeal  to  hoth  tl 


em, 


nietalluryist. 


le  inana:,,'er  aiKJ  the 


think  it  is  l.eK.min^r  ,_,,  luralK-  r. 


the    whole   iiro.luci    t..    100    niesl 


t'c.n^nize.l  that  tnie  Lzrin.lin  '  cf 


!    iii.'rea 


~es    the  |ir.ihts,   an.l 


ttiis  is  so   I   ,1.)  r..,t   think  amal,L;aniati..n    shouid   iil; 


th 


I-  l.r.jcess.  I'Xicpt    possil.ly   in    \ crv    rich   lover   .'s|00 


l)la\'  an\-   part   in 


coarse   <'o| 


The  sta 


nip-niill   as  an   aiiK.l.^amator   and  when  crushme    x. 


'M>  in-  40  mesh  has  loni,'    hcM    its    i.l 


that 


plate    111    the  tirst     rank,  an.l  f( 


purpose    can    har.lly    l.e    replace. 1       Hut    it> 


success     1 


n   th 


////■-    //\7-,.l/.U/,\/    ,-/•    !)h.>/:/<l    ckKS. 


S*) 


lint'Sr.!:.  •■!,v  thccmiH-lHllL;  Innr  nl  ,t,.t..in  ■  to  Iracl  lIU'l;,llur^ 
Kists  f,,  its  ;.,l.,,.i„,n  ,n  .-.ll  .aw.,  |<„t  nrv.  .,„„lili.,n>  hav.-  Invn 
piTM-mcl  \Vr  iiM  L.n-.v  uaiit  a  :;ilnr  Id  nu-li  pn  mIu.  I .  l,ut  a 
IIM)-.n,->h  T!i.r,tM,v  1,.,  u^  a.l.,,,t  ilu.  ,na.  liin.s  l,rst  .int.  ,l  to 
tlU'Sr   III  \\    roililitioiis 


();iklan.l,  AulmisI   I, 


l.iM  nil  I.   M     K 


il 


< ■^'.\.\ll)|•:  .\(iTi-:s 

li^  I-;    \    II   ■|^^-. 


\Vi 


kn..Al,.,l^,.,„  ,l„.  ,,, _,„,,  „„„„„,.,  ^,,,,,.       _^  ,  ,.rtannr,-,-.tn,r„t 

'"•'>'    '"■   ^"-••-'>'l   at    ..nr   .arni.   I    (a, I   al    ai,..iluT.   „,    ta,  I     ihr 

"■'•"""■"'    -'"— I'll    "illi    -Mv    I     .ni    .„„■    \r^r\  ,,t     a     „„,„■    ,„av 
''"'   "'"'   ""■  '"■'■    "■'""   aiL.thrr    Irvvl,,!    tl„.    sanir   „„„,.        (■,,„.,: 
'|llrntl\-,    I..  !„.  sii..,'>stul.    Ihr  rxani.l.T  must    !»■  CN.T  alert 

AtL.tluT   tlini-   li.     nuisi    I,,,,,-   ,„    „„,„l.   an. I    that    is   n.-v,T   t,, 
■?!""■  """'•    I  —  l'>l'li-       I   .aii  I.,  uuu.l  a   |,rrsn„al  .xiktu',,, v 
'■    uriv    irratiilv    null    lair    s,„  ,  ...     „    ivtra,  (..rv    1,„    ,,,•    ,,„l,n- 
"I  liiL,'li  \alur.  ail. I  1m,  ails,,  ij,,.  „,,!1  taiim-  \\as  a  httlr  |,.,.,r,T  than 
"'•'"    "'""'    ""•   '.^■•'111. !,■   plant,    u,-   ran   all   ..|    ,i    .l,,uii    tlir   arn.v., 
as   1,.,,,^    w.,rthl..ss   ,.,   „,       F,,,,    ,,ars    lat.-r.    at    tl,..   sanir    plant 
1  tivatr.lat  a  pr..lit.  tailing'  .  arrMii^.  I.m  .„u    hall  thr  x  alurs  ,  .f  ,  hat 
"1"<  li  fan  iiit.>  wasp-  n\-c  va^ars  l„-i",>r,. 

Wr  all  r,v.,.^ni.,.  that  ,,x,.iati,,n  ..|  tlir  cliaixv  .lufin.^  trratni.nt 
1^  .l.siral.lr  111  s,.,nnn'^  l,i^-h  rxt  ."a.  tP  m  ,  Init.  s,,  tar.  n..  ,v.,n..niral 
'""'""'  "'  "''laitun.^  this  ,..n.!iti.,n  has  1„.,.„  ,l,.\is,.,l  [  r.'Irr  t., 
tlu'  Ira.hm-  .,t^  ..nlmarv  san-l  diar^.^s,  |,,r  ,!„■  au'itat.-.j  .har-rs 
"'  ^'""•'  •"■'■  '■^■•"l''>-  ■■M'li/-1  It  is  ..',-n,-rallv  r,,n,,.:K..l  that  in  a 
vat  .iKii-r.l  with  san.i.  wh.-n  .Irani,,],  th,-  .•ha,-r  is  all,-,f.|  l,v 
'!"■  "■^■^■-'"  "'  ""■  atiiKisplurr  p,  a  .Irpth  .,t  l.ut  a  |.,.,t  ,.r  t  w, ,  l,rl.,u- 
"'''  ^'"-'a"'  iM-.-tii  rxi.rrinirnts  an.l  a.  n.j.ntal  .lis.  ,,v  ,.rirs  | 
•""  '•■'!  '"  Urlu-vv  that  s,uh  >hai-rs  arr  atlr.tf.l  t... 
""■  l'"tt..n,;  liiii,    !„  1,,.^  !lu'  unly  ('Ss,.ntial 

I  'ail  I.,  mill.!  a  small  plant  trralnm  tvm  sdll  p,  |  oiio  p,,,, 
'"■'■'""""'•"  '"'"s  an  :.1.|  plant  .vtn.„l,.l,.l  Thmiatrrial  tivatr.l 
was  a  tailm-  tr..in  a  s,amp  mill.  r.  .iisistim^  n(  at  Irast  -'.V  ,lav 
sImu..an,l.atlHst,.,nh  SO',  .  ■  miI.IIu  ,-xt,  a.t,  ,1  tn  m,  it ,  Itsh.,,,'],! 
iK.Nr  iMTn  an-aiiL;.'.!  t..  s,.paratr  thr^linu-  m-mtli..  saii.l  m  ..nlrr 
1"  "■'■at   rarh  srp.aratrlv.  an.l  tin.  w,uM   h.avr  l.^rn  .L.nr  cv.,n.,mi- 

V'">''   ''^"-   ^'^   "''■   I''^""    ^^''-^   "-"i-kiii-  tn  ^ 1   a.lvanta-r    it    was 

'''■^■'"'■''  '"'^'  "■  '"'''<''  ""  ''lam^r  Thr  irc.it,n..nt  wa.  .Irsi.nu.i 
tn  ,h.,har-,-  .,n,.  xat  .alM.ut  :i(it.,ns,  per  .lav.  an.l  a.  thrrr  worr 
t^-n    vats,    ra.h    vat    was    ^ivn    a    l,.n    .lavs'    tiTatnu-nt.    alth.m.'h 


M'  ncarl\-  t. 


''"'  '■"«'"-■'■'■  '"M  '"'  ,  H,  nirnin-  m\  ,  r  thr  |.h,nt  that  lull  rxi,a>  ti.Mi 
was  i,K.,lr  m  s.v,„  ,|,,v.  Attrra  „,..ntli  ■.;•  t «-.  s,,,,,,- .x,,,,  ,„H.ms 
\v<Tr  Ml, Hi.,  an.)  ,1  uas  l,,,,,,,]  that  as  -...„!  ,vsults  a.  .muM  l,r 
ol.tainc.j  ln„n  tlHiuatnial  tivatcl  ,..ul,l  1„.  .,l,tanu.l  iii  ti\,-  ,|a\s. 
aii'l.  (it  .ntn-sr.  alter  NciitMiiL:  iIi'm^  n  siil!-,  it  was  .Ir.  rl,.,|  t,,  ,I,,ul,lr 
tlif  iiutimt    as  this  iii.  r,as,-,i  the  niunjii-  rxiMiises  l.iit  little 

While    ue   uire    uaitiii-    l..r  extra    supj.lies    ( i  w , ,   mcnthsi    the 
fne,la\     sxsteiii    was    installed,    an.l    praeli.e    uplieM    the    .-xperi 
nieius.  as  |,,n-  as  ue  haW  an  exe.s^  ,,|  x  ,,t  eapautv        When  e\erv 
tliiny    was    rea.h     t..    .lu„l,l,.    the    output,    an.l    every    vat     was    put 
re-ularlv   inf.  eumtnissiim.   ,,ur  extraction    .In.ppe.j   oil    in.m    C.  to 
N' ,    ami  i.uitirnu'il  low  all  one  month.   I.eiore  the  troul.l.'  was  ,le- 

te.  te.l, 

'l"he  tre.itnient   was  as  lollows: 


1.      '   li:ir^r  \  .,t   u  nh  sanij  . 

-'.      Ili.,r;,.r  sin.nt.;  -"lulinii   (U.J'  ,  ,   ip,,,,   \„.\.,.y     ^ahi    hall  . 
mil  lei   M.,,k 


pen 


:(        Dis,  li.ir.i;,.,    \,ilve    uid,-   n|„ii.    until   ^,,|uIlM^    litr.,le,l   U  I' 

'h"i  eliarKe  ueak  <n!ut,.  .11   ((IP,  ,.,„,,,,,  .,n,l  K  I   run'  I 

I        (  li;.r>;e  al|..«eil   n.  .jram  I 

r>        Strong;  s..liiti..ii  .  liar-e.)   In. in   .,li..\e,   nniil   \  ,,t    till,.!     «  lun 

v..Ke     was    ,,p,.,„.,|,     an.!     wlu  n     thr    ,  .eapm-    ..'.Inn.in 

""■•'till,  d.l' ,  ,   u.ak  ,..|iiii.iii  uas  run  .in  M\  h..nrs  | 

<j       (  liar),'e  alhiueil  !..  .Irani 

7.       Sln.ns^    s,,|,ili..n    .  hari^e.l    (Ip.in    al...v,  .    until    lull     an.l    h-ll 

t."  saturate 
N-      S..liiii..n  .jranie.l  .  .|T  an.l  ulun  turate.l  (1.1',     „,ak  s,,l„,„,n 

",■'-'>''""  l';l'.  I'l'luiK  an,!  ilrainm- at  same  11111,-  ]■ 

■  '       1..1    .Iram    tu.,    h..urs,    « lu-n    s.ven    i.,ns    tr.sl,    uater    u>r,- 

run  ..n  lr..ni   t..p  ami  eliarj;.-  I.  i   .Irani  is 

HI.       Sample  an.l  .lisi  liari^'e  tailm..  . 


s    h. 


I  I 


IS 


•r..iai 


l-'d    h..urs 


This  treatment  t,.a\e  us  ^n.n.l  results  in  fi\e  .la\s.  .lurin.^'  full 
eharije  ixperiments,  when  we  ha.l  extra  vats;  hut  when  all  lh,^ats 
wei-e  put  int..  entninissi.,n  as  alr.'a.ly  state.l.  the  extraction  .lr<,ppe,i 
as  iiiueh  as  eiijht  per  cent. 

in  -..m-  .iver  th.'  tnann,  nt  step  l.v  st>p.  evervthin-  eheeU'.l 
up  t.i  the  ninth  step.  It  was  toun.l  that  while  our  s,  lu  me  ealle.l 
I'"-  liu'  ireatnunt  m.li.at^  .|.  when  we  ha.l  \a!s  to  spare,  t  hi'  t,.,vs 
let  the  ehat-e  .Irani  o.xi.hze,  m  taet.,  u,.  t,,  withm  the  H  h.iurs 
neeessan  t..  fill  the  water-wash  an.l  .Iran,  .lr\  en..u-h  i<,  .lisehar-e. 
the    vats    reniainin.-   .|rv    al„nit    tour   .lavs    hetore    the    water-wa'^sh 


ill 


^' 

ri. 

1    mi, 

, 

1% 

^  •  1 

I 

.  '   '  i| 

^ 

t  -»._ 

-»-^.»^. 

',!.- 


'«    "^ 


MICROCOPY    RESOLUTION    TEST    CHART 

ANSI  ond  ISO  TEST  CHART  No    2 


'•25    III  1.4     i  1.6 


^  APPLIED  IIVMGE     Inc 

r^^  ."lestef,    Se*    rcrtt         U609       u'!>A 

-=  ■  6)   +82  -  0300  -  Phone 

^=  6)  2S6  -  S9B9  -  Fa* 


S,S 


A7-(  i-.xr  (  )-.\\ii)i-:  i'/<Ai  Ti(  /■: 


u-as  nm  .,„,      Tin-  Inn-  ihti.hI  ,f  rrst   alL.uv.I  tlir  latrnt   ivartmn 

'"  "^"'■■'"'"i   ■"  'lrv,].:i.  lullv.  ati.l   wlun   llir   watrr  was  run   m,  ,t 

'•      ..Iv     iMuk     iiiin     >.,luli..n     th,      ,liss,,l\v.l     iiH'ial-.     still     m     tlu- 


taihiu 


Attn-  ihis  •\\~.cn\vrv.  tin-   trrattmnt    was  ii,..(1i(i,m1.  a-  tnll,ju>: 


III 


1.      <  lur;.'!'  \-.it>  uitli  m.ilfr..|i 

LV      I  h.iryi' sir.  .,,->., lull..,,  (O.L"  ,      tn  .,„  I.rl.  .u  at  ..ii.-luili'  \aK  c 

iMpai'ity,  anil  U  i  -.  ..ik  .  |  j 

■i.      Discliari;,.  si.lmi,.,!.   valve  unlr  ,,|„.ii.  ami  at  .11, 1  ,.|   mv..,i,1 

h'iur,    Itc'il    i.iti    t,,,,,    u^.ak    s..huinn    ((».!',  1     \al\r    Ir.li 

I.       I.rt  i-|iari;f  ilram,   \alw  ui.lr  irj,,  n  1  "> 

■>-      I  l.arL;!-  siri.ii;:  s.iluii,,n  Ipmii  |.i|i,  and  Ifi   -,,,ak  p, 

''■       "■-'  ii'TLT,    \al\v    u„l,.    ,,,„„,    an, I    at    ,n.l    ..f   .,Tnn,l    l„,ur 

_  '■  i'"-,!;''  (""  t.i,,,   ui.ak  -,. lull.. n.  xaKr  hall  ., inn  l-' 

lai  .liar-i'  .irain  1^ 

"'•      lli'TUv   uiak   s.,luti..n    tV..in    t..]..    valvr   ui.lr   ..pen.    an.l   U- 

I'.       I.il   iliari^r  .iram  ami  .  .\ii|i/:f 
ll>.      ilLirun    irrsh  ".atrr  In. in  1..,,,  until  vat  tills,  an, 11,.!  s.,ak 
N.      M,„.„    \al\r  ui.lc.   kmn.;.;  >  liap^T   ,lraii!.   tins   uash  .u.ur^   {■ , 

-l..raL;c-\  at  l.ailimj  f.  /tnr-l...\cs  '~        "  1  ■; 

I-'.      Sam;.].-  an.l  ,|i.,har-rtailin,-  y] 

T..tal      , 


li 
tiJ 


I  Ml    Ii..urs 

This  ttvatnirnt  -aw  -..,.,1  ii,,n,ial  ivsults ;  ami.  as  a  chai-r  was 
run  tlir,.u.-h  m  ;!,  .lavs.  ,t  Mill  -avr  us  a  L.lal  ..I  1.. -,()()  t..n,  prr 
ni.inlti.  insira.l   ..t    j.iiiiii  ,,„,-,  utnlcr  |,,rmrr  trratiiunit. 

1  tirnilx-  l.rlu-w  i,,,w  that  n.xi.lati.m  takes  ,,1;kv  >lrar  in  tl„. 
!"'tl.iiu  .,1  a  \at  lull  ..I  sainl.  il„.  vat  h,-i\iti-  Lcm  lilKal  with  watvr 
ami  this  thcti  allMu.^l  t.,  .lra,ii  ntl,  t'r,.tii  tlir  ImHi,,,!,  W]k„  ml] 
of  water,  the  intvrstiv,  s  are  .Kvupir.!  l.v  the  water,  the  saml 
srttlni.u  att.l  ,,aekitl,L;  a,  .  |,„e  as  ,,,,ss,l,le  .\s  the  uater  .Irams  ,,11. 
these  mtersttees  eniptv  ati,l  f,,rtn  a  xa.tiuiii.  wl,u  li  iiaturallv  tills 
with  air:  the  pr,  s-uiv  ..t'  this  Leu,.^  ample  t.,  till  the  h.uvr  x-,,i,is. 
as  the  water  iv.e,les  ()„ee  the  iilterstie,  <  a IV  fille.l  with  tnr, 
the  ehemieal  ivaein.tis  that  tak,-  plaee  ,aus,.  a  pra.liral  .exnlatmn 
'""'■'  '"■'Millie  l.e  .•.l|,.w,  ,1.  ami  1!  Is  pp  ,1  ,al  ,le  t  hat  Ml',  ,,|-tliis 
rea..Ii,,n  takes  pla.e  witliin  till  In.urs  Thtit  the  int,n-sti,.vs  ,„ 
the  ehai-e  ,1,,  tm  with  air  is  pn,ve,l  l,v  the  fa.  t  that  ,n  runtitn^- 
wtiter  ,,n  t,,  a  eiiar.^e.  mm  i,  e'.ulltti.in  tak.-  pkiee.  ami  !ur  half 
an  li,,ur  ,  ,r  tm.iv  atmr  the  ehai-e  is  .,.ve,v,l  with  water:  inanv 
air-h,iles  l,,riiiin-  all  .,\er  the  t.ip  ,.|"  the  ,  har.^v. 


cv.iA //>/•;  .\(»7/,>_ 


,S9 


An'illiiT  ]irM.,f  that   i  hi  iiiical  ft-aitiun  takrs  jilair  m  a  ch 


lI'L'f 


tftati.l    a- 


mtlii..    1,    ati'I    thru    lift    I"   '1 


faiii    t  lifi  (■    or    t,  lur   (!a\ 


i>  itfMiii  tii\-  (jwn  n-st>:  that  if  a  watcr-ua^h  he  run  thfdu,!^!!  iiiiiiic- 
ihattlw  It  will  shuw  hut  a  few  iriits  p.-r  tmi:  wluTcas,  if  t  lir  wati  f- 
wa^li  l.c'  run  thruu-h  m  \i  ral  (la\>  after  tlir  iliaru,'c  lia>  hci-ii  allnwvd 


I<^  <  Irani.  It    will  rarr\-   fr'iin  "--i."!)  Ut  Si. 


[icr  ton 


-rwfal    yiars    aL^n    I    ilixiArrcl    that    nr\'.l\     turiu'.l    zinc,    if 


a>  111  irssar\'   for 


tlir  shaxiii;,'^  whrrr  ^ton'^l  wcrr  cxiuisril  tu  air.  w 
prrlcrt  ]in  iipitatinn.  Later.  I  haw  K  ariiiMi  t  hat  sulutn  jus  runnint; 
thi-'iUi;li  (Ik-  /.iih--Ih..\.  s  .-.hduM  nut  liv  fio  stn>ni,r  ,„  ,saiii.lr.  if 
a  prnduit  hiLjli  in  the  prcnous  tiiflak  l.r  .IrMrrd.  Whrn  t  hr  s..Iu- 
timiv  run  (i.  I',  or  .ixcr.  the  rcai  tiun  --ct  up  i,-~  .-^u  \ii)l(nt,  that  a 
lai-.u''  r  ].n.pMrtiun  .if  nuv  i>  .Kst  rn\  nl  iM\i,li/c(i  than  is  ncrrssarx-. 
thr  rivuhmL,'  slitiie  launi^'winnli' i  Ikiiil;  1ii\\  m  i^'nM  and  sil\Tr 
and  hi'.^li  m  ziiu-. 

With  wi  ak  solutions  the  ri  anion  i>  iioi-inal,  ainl  iiKtallir 
zmr  IS  ill  stro\-.Ml  in  prop(,rtion  to  the  \aluis  in  the  .solution,  ami 
the  nsiiltant  slinir  is  hi'^h-u'railc.  I  hax'i'  sin-urcd  slinu'  runnini; 
SUd.OiM)  p,  r  ton  and  In-h  in  zinr.  rciiuiriiiL;  acid  trcattiu  nt  ;  wln-rras, 
the  next  tiiotilh.  on  the  saiiic  L,'railr  of  ore  shnic.  low  in  .vine, 
ri'iiuirm-  no  arid  trcatnicnt,  and  carrvniL;  s.*,7.(lliu  i^r,,],i  p,.,-  ton. 
was  nl, tamed.  snnpl\-  1,\-  not  allowiipi,'  t  hr  solutions  to  ^-ct  licvond 
a  certain  st  rtn.Ljt  h,  sa\-  lid.',' ,  .  I'or  this  n^ason,  nn-  practice  has 
'"■'■".  "f  late  \cars.  to  run  all  solutions  ami  water-washes  into 
a  conmioii  \at.  theniised  solutions  from  which  are  run  to  the 
zmed.oxis  When  the  soluijoii  is  alioee  (l.ll.V  ,  in  i\anide  it 
can  he  run  tlirou,i,di  the  zinc  hoxes  a  little  slower;  and  when  l.elow- 
I'""'..  a  little  fa.-ter.  to  ohtain  the  normal  results.  Should  t  he 
solutinii  he  \-er\-  low  ni  cxanide.  sa\-  O.lll'  ,  .  and  \et  ru'li  m  nu  tal-. 
a  little  c\-anide  can  he  added  to  the  head  Imjx  in  each  row,  if  it 
IS  t'ound  tliat  s.jlutions  of  (I. op,  sti-enL,'th  ilo  not  precipitate  nor- 
niallw 

In  the  elean-up  it  is  '^'ood  practice  to  return  all  zme.  sta'citiL; 
on  a  4(l-inesh  screen,  to  the  |ireeipitatin;_;dioxes  Tins  zinc  should 
hi-  kept  co\ered  with  a  wi  ak  lxC\  solution  until  returned  to  the 
boxes.  This  pfexents  the  violent  oxidation  that  sets  in  umler 
exposun      to    ilir     at  niosplirre. 


m 


(■"I'I'HH   AW)  CVAXIDK  SOLUTroXS 

^<-l''cm''t  r  I     noil  . 

Thr    l-MitMi-: 

,  ^"'  '  "'"  •■"  '"^-  ^^■^"■-  ''^"'^  '■■"'>•  n.Musa.an,,  |um  ha.i  a 
^■"^■':  "-n.  n,v  ..van„l.  man.  uh,,  |,  savs  wr  a.v  .,,,„,".  ^  tearful 
■'"  "'>"I'l--'nih.;;,n.-l„,x.s.  \V,11  v,  ,u  m.„1  ,„.,  ,n  ,m  ad.hv.. 
^"  "H-  m,n.,anv,h,n^,I,a,  ha>l,.,.„  pnnt.  ..  nMau.  „n  ,  h,s  suh- 
lr<1.  t..ra!l   I   knnu-  .■.,.„,.  vrrv  nu  a^r,.  ,,„   ,l,r  niattn- 


The    piTscilcc    (if   (() 


R   1^  S. 


-■    -van..!,  wla-n  ,lu.va,v,  rah. ll,v. la.  .van,,!., ,,■,...-..,,  M:>..,allv 
"■''""     ''     '"■'■"'■^     ■"     ">'■     ""■".     nf     ,.arl„,natc.,     .a>h     p,,un,l    „t 
'-PI'rr  ,l,sM,lvr,i  r„n,l„nn,,u  wul,  ah.un    f.ur  ,„,nn,l>  ,,f  p,„a.Mun, 
™'"    ,  -V'"'-""'-  "-""''l^'  -  '">.,  .n,lu.  ,,n.n,,„a„nnl,vnu.an. 
-■t     /.nu-.havn,,^,  nwin.M,,  thr  hn.lrn.A-  nf     i  h.     .,,,,,..•    \,,   tnrni 
••'    '"•'"     "■'■•^'""'    '■"•■'tin,'    n„     ,lH.     snrla.x.    of    ih..    sl,a^  „v-  u  h.n 
thr  rvan,.!..  ...luMuns  usr.l  a,v  omiparal  uv!  v  m  ak.      \V,th  simn-c  r 
M.lut.ons  1..SS  .„,,,„.,-  ,s  ,MVr,,Mlat,.,l,  an,l  ,  h.n  ni  a  n„„v  I,.,,.,.  ;;;,.l 
spnn.rv  |,,nn,   uh,.-,  ,l„.s  n.„   p.vv.m   M..  ,i,.p,,s„,„„  ,,,,„,,,  ,,., 
\,\     "";    '■•^I"''-""<'"s    "t     V„n    ()..,, ,„,,.n     ,/„„.„„/    n,.„,     ,v 
Mrt.  S.K.  S.utl,  Atn.a.   IVl...    \sw.  an,l  /'nucoin^s    V,,!    |I    ,„, 
■■■■■■'    ■"*>'■  an.l  .,f  (•h.-i.tv    .7V„„.v„./,„;„  A.    I.   M.   H     S,  p,     is'll 
show  ,l,at    ,i„.   ,l,m,-MUv  „f  p,,u.n.,al   !„,w>.n   z,n.'  an,]   ./.pp,  V  ,J 
^.vatrs,   ,n   v..,-v   w.^ak  s.,lut„.ns  ,.f   KC\.  1,.,,„„,„„  ,,,,,    ^,„^^„    „, 
Mn.,,  s,.lut,,,„..      Tl„.   ,.    I„.,n,.l„    „u,    ,n    a    .rapl,,.-   ,nanm.-,„ 

U  M,a,w..„l  ,/■„„....,/,„,.  i;^l,  C„nv,n„„n  C-aI,f.„-n,a  .M,n.,V 
.W,an,.n,  pp  2<.!..  21,..  M,x,x.;  ,,„  s,-,KXT,n,-  I'kks,  Ap,Hl 
'''■'';'^''^'"'  '^'-  '''•'"'-'-"■•'-'  'm,.!,,,,. ,,v,, ft!,..  n,pp,,.p  J,,, 
7'-^;"'"""  'i""-"  ''■'""  ^vrak  ,l,an  f,-„n,  stn.n^.,-  s,  ,]„„„„.  Sr. 
alM,  Mn.wnr  i.M,n,x,;  ax,.  Sc,  km,!  ,.•  |'r,,ss,   |an    •>4     I'lns 

.^V"""'"'  "  "'"  '"'"  '"  ^'  '"  "'^'^  ^""n.U'.M-  solutions  .„■  „,  ,,i,l 
rvan,.l..  l„.to,v  p,v.  ,,,„aMnL;,  or  t.,  sul,s,„uu.  sonir  ..,h,.,-  ,m.,ho,l 
"'  »'""'•"""■'"  '"■'"  P'v.ip„at,on.  w,ll  .l..p,n,l  on  a  nun,l...-  .,f  ,„- 
'■"7::^;"^'-~-  ''"'"^•^'''-"--"■vjul.anan.lsn.a,-,  rC-van„l,n.(;o|,i 
an.lS,hv,-()n...-p.  2,1!.,      Tlu.  .l,pp,n^  ,  ,f  „nc-shav,„,  ,n  a  :oh,„on 


(<'/'/'A7v'  .l.\/^  (  )\\.\n>l-:  >nLl  Tfoxs, 


!tl 


of  lia'i.  iialrnlcd  h\  Mai  Arthur,  ua^  mlcndcil  to  (Afnunir  the 
ilitti(ult\'  lau-inl  li\-  r(ip]icr  in  t  lir  zmc-liux,  AllutlitT  ])ati'i,.(l 
|iiiiits>  I  Porter's'  IS  said  to  lie  iisnl  at  illi'  Ha.Ljdad-Cliasi'  ii-..,u'. 
the  ;.;old  hfiiiL;  iiri'dpit alcd  liv  zinr  sliaviiiL,'  and  tlir  copper  aftrr- 
uanl  ivtiKiM  d  li\  iirol(  J!i'_:cd  t  rratiiicnt  with  ziiu-dust  and  ammonia. 
This  \\;,s  disrnhid  in  the  MiMxc,  .\vi)  Sc  ihXTiiic  1'ri;^s  of  .Ma\- 
211.    l<,i(i.-,.      KuiTuk. 


■slJ-,1 


m 


rV.WIDK   I'RACTICK   WITH   Till-    MooRF 

i-ilti:r    I 

H^    R.  Ihi.ma.n  Hk.!\v.n 

'Sf].lemKiT  1 ,   I'.Oh) 

The  plant.  ..(  wbuii  the  lol'- .wm- ,^  ;,  ,],  ^, 


civrtiMl.  aii.l    l,n.u-l,i    iM   sali-,tart.,i-\- 


nplhin.  \\-a-  ■k-i-iu  d, 
,,,,,,    -       ,,      ,        .      ,  '■-■    "'"  '■'"'""    'I'l'-nii;    ihr    Nvars 

'•"!^  ■■  •^'"'■''  '"  "■''  '■-■''■"  '■'■  "H  ,„vl,n,„,arv  „n.M, ...„-,„ 
an,.  >n„Mru.,H.n  t,  il  naUTallv  up,,,,  ,1,..  .I„,ul,l.  ,-,  Z,,  m,.  t1„,„1,„-, 
•'■  """^"■■;»!-nnt.„,l.,„  .„  ,1,,  ,.,„„pa,.v.  „„■  wl„n,  ,lu-  -vnt.,- 
"''^  ^'■"''';''  '"^'■•^'^"■^  I'nnn;,  ,1;.  p,-,,.,,...  ,,f  ,i„,  ,,,,,^  ,.  |^,^,„. 
'"•''^  '"  :'^"^'-  '■■^l-nmrntal  an,l  p,-a.t,ral,  was  r,,ll...„,i  ,vl„H, 
!'":'"■'''''  ;'V'''''''^'""^'''''''''''^''''^'"''lH.l,lisi,  ,„..,, llal,,,,-a,,.,,, 
"'";""f'"^"""»'^^'"  '-■-—■"-.  Tl„.pap..,-an,i,l,-aw- 
ni«si,au.l„...np,vpan,l.la,-^,lv, ,■.„„,„,„„,,,.,,,,.  u„  I,  ,  1...  vah,- 
al.lras.,s.an,v-,.  ,1,..  pnval..  „„t.s,„  M,..  H  II  Xu,  ,..,■,  wh. ,  „■,„„ 
Hsp.,s,,,.,,,   as   „,...,,a,,,,,,  ,„,,,,,.,  ,,,,,    ,„,,,,,„,„,„„,,,„    „„. 

;,^:;^'^""'^"-''*"-''-""-">'i'v,n„,u.i,  u„l,  ,lH,  ,,,„„  ,■,,„„,,„. 

'-■"■'■    ■'""''■    ""'    "i-tallal,,,,:,    ,n    tl,,.    ,,,,-lv-    ■!,(,.     , ,,-    .|„.    ,,,.^^ 
c'van,,!..  plan,    a,    ,!„■  S,an,lanl   nnn.,  a,    M,„l,...  Cal,,,,,,,,,    un,l,.r 

till-  in,t,ai,\v  .,f  Mi-    ThiK    II    I ,.    ,1      . 

"■    '""v    II-  I..  ,L;,L;rU,th,.   iivalnirnt   ,,(   ,!„■  sl,nu' 

has  l,.vn  a  p,-..l,K.,„  .„„.„,-,„.  „„,„,,„„,,  Th.  ..a,-l,..s,  p,-a..„c.ai 
i'  '7';;  '''r'?'  ;•-:■'''''«■•'--■'-'■  an. .■as,.,n:,,aL.,v:;:I 

;7;,'''''  '■•''^'■';  ^'''"'\'-">  'l-pon-ls  w,,l,  a.l,s.-l,a,T.,.v  a,,.l  ,,,,x 
•— „san,l  Apan  >n.,n  M,.  c.s, ,  ul„.l,  .,.„,.,„  an  a,i,l,„„„al 
'"■  """■"   '"'■  '""   '■"    ""'    "''■-''■   '""na.v,   ,nrh„l,n,   M,r    ,an,l 

,'■  rT  '"""■''''  "'"  ""'"  ^^'""■"■'"  '"'■  "''■  'l'l"""n  .,f  a  p,„-,„,„ 
;;'"■:""■•"■•"'"'■'■      '^'-'-•i--.l.-"l-,.l<nna,lvan;a...„f 

'"'^'"'"•■'•'"■'■""'^  '^'"■"■a"'  "»al,r,,.,-wav,  ,1„.  p,-a,,nv„-as 
7  '"-■'!  ''-•■  a  ...,,.,  as  ,1,..  ,.nlv  uav  nf  p,vv,.n,,n,  ,1,,.  ,.,,,,,,  .,,,,„ 
'"  ""■  '^"'■"-  '"""'^  ■'■'■'">  t'mnatal,],.  si,,,,.,  Mn,  ,,,,„,  ,,,,,.,. 
nif„,s  uvi-r  n,a,lr  ,„  ,,thr,-  <li,vcti,)ns. 

.Wna.,un    an.l    .l,.,.,n,a- n,n     uv,v    ,!,..  a.-.K.l    l„.an>..    ,,f    the 

'"'.',"""   '''araru.,-  ,,f  ,nu.l,  ,,f  ,hr  sl,n„..  ,l,a,    w,,„l,!  „.„    .,,,,,,, 

'"   .Lhr.  ,„„v..,-   I.V,    solnis.      F,l,.,-p,x  ss,n,.  was  ,  ,-„.,i  an,l  ahan- 


////■     MiU>NI:     hILII-.K     I. 


0.5 


ddiU'il.  hccaiiM'  an  tiL;litli  (jf  an  ini  Ii  nf  \,\\vv  >Iinic  wnuM  make  the 
L-lotlis  ini|)fr\  inus,  (\f!i  under  120-11..  privvurc;  and  <  \  i  ii  if  tin- 
slum-  was  mixed  willi  tine  ^and.  the  tilternii;  was  su  slnw  that  thi' 
sand  settled  nut  in  the  clianiljers,  with  the  same  fesult. 

Delndraticin  nt  di-\-  ^lime  l.\-  foastinL.'  made  hnth  tiltefini;  and 
deeantaticn  pMssil.le,  hut  with  Inwef  extraition  and  hiL;h  enst; 
moncjxef.  It  was  not  appheahle  lo  t  hi-  ilifeet  tfeattiieilt  of  the  wet 
proihut  ffoiii  a  stamp-inilh  More  than  otie  method  of  tihraiion 
m  \ats  during,'  aL,'itatioti  was  tried  and  disearded.  In  the  -unimer 
of  \W\\  the  first  erude  tests  with  the  Moore  method  ut  t'e  made, 
witl)  no  hnlliant  results.  Later  a  pi'rsonal  in\-esti^ration  of  the 
plant  at  Mefeur  made  clear  the  iiiheri  nt  ad\anta,ues  of  I  he  nu  t  hod, 
while  at  the  same  time  it  exposed  eertain  nieehanieal  detieieniii  s. 
An  exiierimental  plant  of  half  a  ton  eapaeilx  was  installed  at  Hodie 
and  from  the  hrst  the  res\ilts  wife  ,L;o(jd.  Sueh  was  (jur  sueet  ss 
that  li\-  the  middle  of  the  winter  we  deeided  to  appl\-  it  lo  all  the 
tailing  frcjiii  the  Standard  mill.  In  di  sis^'iiiiiL;  the  jilant  e\-er\- 
care  was  taken  to  a\oid  the  det'eets  of  the  Mefeur  plant,  hut  not- 
witlistandmt;-  this,  several  months  were  eonsunied,  afti  r  the  plant 
was  nominallx'  eoinpleted,  in  alti-ration  and  niodifieation.  the  maior 
part  .  let  it  he  noted,  heini,'  in  ditails  outside  of  the  Mooi-e  pro^iss 
pro])er.  Bv  the  midille  of  UMI.')  operations  had  lu'eotne  fairl\' 
ri\L;\ilar  arid  the  profit  fortlie  whole  \ear  amounteii  to  more  than 
half  the  eost  of  the  plant. 

The  ore  eons. sts  of  (|uartz.  iron  oxidis.and  ela\  ,  llie  last  eom- 
in;,'  from  the  deiom]iosition  of  fehlspar  in  the  eountr\'  rmk.  At 
times  this  eijuals  ."(I',  of  tln'  ore  ami  as  an  a\-era,L;e  ean  l.e  takiii 
at  .'{.'{'j' I  ■  'rill'  .LTold  is  part ]>■  eoarse  and  part  1\- \'ery  tine,  till- latter 
portion  atnal,i,'ainatiin4  l.adl\  .  to  sueh  an  extent  that  at  an\-  time 
tine  eolors  can  l.i'  panned  from  lulou  the  \anners.  The  propor- 
tion of  sil\-er  is  hi.uh.  the  mill  l.ullion  l.eini;  worth  onl\-  S^Kl  to  ,'*1L' 
j.er  ounce.  Altotjet  her  it  is  a  ditfieult  ore  to  treat ,  desjiite  t  he  t(.tal 
al.sence  of  all  miiU'rals  ordinarily  classed  as  deleterious. 

In  conjunction  with  the  introduction  of  tin  Moore  tni'thoij 
weak  cyanide  solution  was  suhstituted  for  water  in  the  2ll-stamyi 
mill  and  the  .i;raiie  uf  the  platis  was  incrcas"d  from  \\  to  2\  in,  per 
foot,  in  order  to  cut  down  t  hi'  ]iro])ortion  of  liipiid  to  keep  the 
platesclcar.  This  steep  ,t;rade,  in  conjunction  with  the  hardening' 
etf'ect    of   the    c\'anid,c    solution    on    amalgam,    has   liiniinish.ed    the 


lil 


94 


KI-'A  h.\T  (  V  \  \ //>/■:  /•/,■  \,   II,  [.■ 


'■xtra.  li.m  \,\  trri'  inillm-  imni  liu  i,,  "(r  ,  .Vn,.,-  r,  ,ns,,l,..-|l,l,. 
rxprnnunt  ihr  Mniv^th  .,t  rv,,n,.lr  s,,lutiMn  w..-,  .,  tilr.l  at'nv,', 
I-""'N  !-r  l.m,  an.l  u,ih  ll„.  at  lirM  „,,  imuM..  ua.  rxiM.nm.v.i 
"■"'\"'^'  '''^'"--  '■•"  ■"  l^">'  "'<■  I'-,.,-  „n,.s,  ulHT,.  ,h..  amal.an, 
li-  tlnnn.s,,  Ikuv  ,1„,u„  s„m,s  nf  ua.Un,.  an,l  ..„,„.  l,a^v  N-n 
'">■";■  ^^■'■' I ■  ''"-'I'lv  'In.  ,an  !„■  l,..,.,,,,!  l,v  umh,  M„n,.  „,.,al 
or  l.v.an-v,n^  a   hravur  n.atin^  m   an.al^an,       |.„,„.,  al    ,  l,r  rat.. 

';'  '""'   I'"'-  "■"■-"l'l-l'"-lH'u,v  l„.,.„v, t  ,..,..,„, l,,..,-,,-,!,,.,- 
,     ",'■  1"^^'"-  "^'■'-  ^■'""i'''-v  Ihr   ,,ul,,  ,.  ra.M.l   .;;{  ft,   .,,  ,1„.   h,„i,. 
Ipvl    tint.,,,    tor    r,.u..v.anr,.    ,,,    ,  h,    .l,,,,,..,,].,,,, .     |,s(,(.    „     ;„,^,,. 
""•  .-Irvafun  ,.  ,l,,n,.  l,v  t.-ur  Vnun-v  .an-l-pu,,,,,..  ,n  smr.       TW- 
''"V..  I,,uvr,,n..>,    l(ll,v  rA  ,„  .  l,av,.  a  !,tl   m    Mi,,     ,  ,„    ,,.,,,     ,,,^. 
'•PI-'-'"".  ,.  Sl,^    )s,n  ,  „„i  ,„^^.  |,„   ,„    ,^  „       .,.,_^    j__^|^  I'^^^j 
tiutiu.   ,s   ,,,„,  „u.|u..   u-,,1,.   an,l     niiir   ni.h.  .  ,1,.,.,,,   s,.,    ,.„   ;,    „,,,,,, 
"'       ■■'  '".  !"■'■  "   .    'iH.  ,-,1,1,,  .atTu.s   17  ,,,   nr,    „,,„,,  ^„„|  ,,;,,,_^ 
''^''■'".   ■  "  """"^  "''■'■'^"  "'"''■'•  ■'"  >-i>'iiti..n-  nt  tr,„|„.ratun.       A  :,rra.l,. 
'"     '    '■■     '"■    "''^    '""""'    niMithn.nt,    par,  uiilarh-    ui    ,.,,1^1    w,  a^hrr 
^'"'"^"''■'■  ;;'">'■   "-^^  ^'1-  t'.tm.l   t,,^n,.  ,nm!,K.  hv  a.vutnulat,.,n.. 
"'/■'"''■      ^^'"■"    ■■'■'"v-l    at    tlu.    >lin„-,,lant,    ,h..    pulp    ,s   a..a,n 
'■"""'    '''     ''    >''"'"'uy.-.l-I'titiip    tn    tlu.    >...,!.    ...pat-atnr.        \    „•,,,,! 
;:'--"-'''"^;'"'i^v.M,u.,h,„l.,„  han.lltn^pulp       Th,.  Ff.  „,..,•  putnp 
'-■a   ,>.^ular  ,l,,w  a„,l   ...r  l,f, .  w,t  l„„  „.  ...pan,  v,  ,s  „,„.t    sa„'- 
''"""'^■;  ""'   ■■■"i^i"„p,„,„   ,„    p.nvrr  ,.   „,,nnnal   an,l    ih,.    uvar  i. 
-""""'■1  '■'tlu.>tutnn,-I.,xa,   tin.  , I,.,  hat-,.:  I,..w..vc.r,  „   r..,|u„vs 
"'";■'■  ''"'■"'""1   "1   "IH.fatL.n.  partirulat-lv   ,n   staftni-  ,„■  .t..p,„n.. 
aii'l  a  -nat  .Ira!  n\  panis  m  rn^ini-^ 

Thr    .v-^r:„,hn^   ,.   ,|,,„..   ,„   ,,  }.,  ,,,    .o   ,-,     ,,.^„„,„,,,   ,„l,,_„„i, 
-'t.\II,.-(ha,t„..,-.  n,ak...      Tlu.  ...,.,i  ,.  ,V,„n  th..  un,K.f-(l,nv  ,.,  ,  w„ 

V'"'-^"' '■"•'""■'-■      ''"'•"-■     ^"■''     '"■     "■ l.app.-<.x,n,a,..lv     fnv     f...., 

''••■'■,;""'  ">"'  •"•  -■!-  nt  .„U..  X„  ,.„,,  .„,„„„„  ,^  ,„,.,, 
""  ""'■''  ""■  -■!"'"-at>n„.  ,|u.  ,1..,.,...  .„•  u|„>.l,.  ,l,a,  ,<  „,  sav  tlu. 
I"-l;;'n..m  u,  ,,v..f.l.,w  ,,,  u„,k.,-t]nw.  ],,.,„.  a.,ulat..,l  l,v  a  .ittipl. 
;;:,'""''"^'^''^''  '-'"^"-l  l.v  a  sr,v«-  an.i  „an.l-u  h,..!  ,n„n  ,!„.  ,',,, 
""■  '-""nttr  t...,  „„■  s,.pafat,un  ,.  f,  .atdt  tlu.  nv^rtlnw  ,,„  •,  ■ -,, 
"""';  '^■'■^''"  ^'"''  ™-'  ""■  "-.,ll,.-vahv  until  no  ntatrnal  r,  lu  M 
""   'l^-'  s..tx..n       Tin.  un,k.,ll,,w.  n,nla.n„„.  ,1,,.  ..oafs..  Mnft  an,l   a 

'■'■'•'^'"M"-..pn,-„.,n,4a,|lu.n„,.l„„,  ,„ss...  to  tlu.  tnl„.-nt,Il    l„.in„ 
""x..,l  wnh  ..„,!  a„,Ul„n..  fn.nt  tlu.  p„„,K.  aut.mtattcallv  f,',l  tntu 


llll'    Stl-raill,        Tll(.    nut  III. 

Thr    iinll    niakt.s    ■_'(;   r,.\ 


w  tiniii  tlu.  null  ,>  f,.tufn(..l  t..  the  ...nu.-^ 
!"■'■    """■      ■'"''>'    I"'l'l.Ks    aiT    (uT.nlan.i 


7 ///■•.     MooKI:     hll.ll.K     I 


•»." 


]t 


(■c>iurrtii.nar\-  tliiit-^.  the  ilia,-;^r  \<v\u'^  aliMul  !_•  t..n^  u  hi.  h  lilk 
llir  iiii!l  a  --li.pfl  (li>iaiuc  al.cAi  the  iiudillr  This  iharL;r  M'ctns 
I"  '  !■  thr  1  r-.i  |(.r  L;nn.hii'4  atiil  Tin.st  (  .  .  nmjiaral  uf  pnwri-,  i.ut  the 
ihtlcri  ncf  IS  IK, I  '^n  at  and  the  chariot-  ran  \\<  ar  ti>  lia'f  this  .|uan- 
ti!\-  with  siiiaH  ihiininniMii  uf  LjniKhiiL;  Thr  atiniipt  was  i  arlv 
iiiadr  ti>  Use  srKit.d  pthLh-s  frniii  h.ral  -ki' lal  Unit,  hut  t  hiir 
irrcLtiilant  \-  prcxc  iitcd  t"n  (  tnntn.ii.  aiii!  ;;a\r  a  hi,;,'h  w  (  ar  i  it  hiuTS, 
with    inert  asfil     iimwii     i  unsuniplinn.      Thr     iiistit'tiricnt     h.ar.hirss 

also  lit   t  Ilr   ]  If  hi  ill  s   iiiailr   I  hem  i-\jjensi\r 

1  hf  litiini,'s  (iriL;inali\-  t  urn  is]  km  i  wcrr  nt'  w  hitr  last  ii'i  m.  sri-urnl 
m  yhiiv  iinlv  hy  the  .inh  i>\  the  shdh  Th(\'  wcit  a  MUistant 
SdUiXT  lit  ti-(nihlr  frctii  .h-iiiijiini,'.  ami  tluii-  litV  was  shurt-  S.itt- 
w-odii  hldcks  (III  mil,  six  iiuhrs  Inni;,  wrrr  next  trinh  'I'iurr  was 
tin  .liniimitimi  <  it  t  !u-  ,L;riiiiliii;^i.  hut  1m'si,1,.s  tln'ir  shdrt  lilr  i  >t 
ah"Ut  1(1  (lays  thry  intn  mKui'iI  an  uiicxiiecli  d  rlciiifiit  in 
I'Xc'i'Ssixi'  tdaniiiiL;  nt'  all  the  sdlutinns.  It  w  as  assunu'il  that  this 
was  due  td  a  saiidnitiratidii  dt  the  w.idd  oils  1>\-  the  alkah  m  tlu' 
sdlutidii  Hut  whatever  the  .  ause.  it  ii-mhieed  an  d\  crw  helmitii,' 
mass  d|  suds,  d\  ci-lldW  in^i;  all  the  launders  and  edXcnuL;  the  \ats 
uithi  i.s  m  td  ■_'  tt  d|  tdani  MduiMain  niahdL;an\'  \\as  tried  next, 
dmiinishin-  this  trduhle,  hut  with  seareeK-  a  ;dni;er  life  Silex 
was  sulise(|\iently  used,  and  tor  a  time  answered  well,  Imt  .vhen 
[lartlv  Wdi-ii  there  was  ediitinual  delay  frum  rejilaeiim  wnrn-dut 
lilcieks.  This  dhjeetidii  was  entirel_\-  aside  trom  the  delav  dt'  fdur 
weeks  dr  mure  demanded  tdr  the  lull  settins,'  ol'  the  >  eiiieiU  that 
held  the  liniiit;  in  pkuc  The  enntinuatidn  of  the  use  df  silex 
meant  the  addition  dt'  a  seediid  tuhe-mill,  that  is,  the  du|iliiatidn 
dt    the   re-L;rindinL4    jilant. 

I'inallw  the  iiraetiee  settl.'(l  ddwn  t(j  wrdu-ht-iniii  plates 
tdr  liners.  These  are  •  hy  ,s  in  ,  cut  into  7  and  I.Vtt.  lengths,  and 
hdlted  thrdu,i^h  the  shell.  Sdiiie  df  the  plates  df  this  lininy  wciuld 
he  Wdrn  thrdU'jh  in  !I0  davs.  hut  hy  replaein.^  these  the  a\cra,s,'e 
lite  eanie  to  d\er  UK)  days  and  the  dut\  td  4, NIK)  ;  ms  df  sand, 
.yrduml  td  2(1(1  mesh.  The  ednsumptidii  of  ]iehhles  was  l.'.t  tons; 
redueui.i;  this  td  pduiids  per  t'Jil,  the  liniiiL;  wear  was  1  A\  Ih  and 
the  -lehhle  ednsumptidii  ti  47  Ih  It  sin'ms  Hkeh,'  th.al  th.e  w,ear 
dt  lit  illv  and  jiehMes  is  rather  a  funetidil  of  time  than  df  t  iiinaue 
and  i,i  any  east'  it  is  e(,irtaiti  that  the  rate  of  wear  df  liniu(,r  at  least 
is  imu  h  atteited  hy  the  manipulatidn  and  pnipdrtidn  of  solid 
m    tile   teed;   sd   tlial    tins   somewhat    aiiimialdus   sueeess   with   tlie 


M 


I  I 


ltd 


A7-:(  /•. A  /  (  r  \\//>i:  I'K  1,  //, 


-t„rl„„n^,s,,p,!,,),K  .n  ..„..:,.„,-.■  ,1,„.  ,,,,  |„.  „„,,,.,,,,j  ,,^,|,  „, 
"''"^""^'  ""■  •'■'•''  '"  ""■  ""ll  It  .-  ...  I.r  n.„,.l  a.  a  ,„„„,  ,n 
'^'■'■'"'  '"  ""■  "'■'■>''^l>'  'n>n  tl,a,  il„.,v  ,.  l„tl,-  uas,,,  a.  u  can  l,,- 
"'■'■"  ''"""  """  ""li""t  hn-akn,.,'  Am,!,.  lrn,„  ,|„s  thr  rasr 
"I  immtuhl;  an.l  s,.,  „nn.^  thr  straps  all  ,„  ul,„l,  .an  l,,-  a.,un,- 
''';^"'"'  '"  ';.'  •''■  "-  '!'•■  'iH.nnnnn,  ar„„n,.U  l„r  ,h,.„-  „„al 
^"'"'"""'        ""•    I'""'''-    '"'•    ""■    niill    ,s    a,,,,n,x,n,at,.,l    a.    :,()    1,  ,, 


"■""   '■"'■"1111-   an.i    10(1  i,  |,    at    startm-       The 


iiiaxiimim  ynn^hm; 


;"''"'"^'    "'     ""■    ^"'^l'-     """    li^'-^    '1'.'     l-n     ,lvhn,tHv     ,va.h,.,r 
,;"  ;"^^^"''    "M'la..   , tat  .ill  tuns., t    san.i   p.r211„-.      Tins   tnak.s 
""■■i>"v,,tah.„-s,.,,.,u,.r,n,.nth:;.it.,n.       At  n.-rntal  .  ,k,  ,,t  d,v,  nr 
!:""'■;""'''''"'"■""   ""•I-w.r..,st   .,„„,.st.,    17,-    ,„.,-,.,n     a,   tl„. 
■^tan.lanl    „nn.,    win,  h    ,,n,.ln...s   its   .,«,,    ,..,u..r.    th,-   ,,,s,    ,s    .U.. 
An    ,„t,MVs,,n,    ..,,„,,,ans.,„    „„,    l,,.,-..  1,..  ,na,l,.    l,.,«v.n    th.    o,st 
•"    P""-'^  -.1    ^lanM.n,,    fn,,,,    ^r,„     .„,   „,   ;.,,„„.^,,    ^„,,,   ^_..^_,,. 
•'■-n;i,)-nu.sl,  t,,l^,.,.       Tlu., „nsu„,,,„.n. .,,„,„.,,„,  ,,a.Stan,lar,| 
•»>"'■'   l.nuU-11,    Mamps,s,„,rs,a,„,„n,al„n,.,..M,,..      Th..n„.n,h- 
ly   |'"i"^'^-'''  1^    I.M>n.   -   that    tl,..  ,lutv   ,,t   ,,n..   h.„-s,.p„u,,-.,nonth 
»  •i4   tons,       11„.   ,v,ln,ti,,n   ,,f  hn.ar  si/,.,   fr,  ,nt   .'I   ,n,   f,  im-tmsl, 

'^  ^'7"   '"   ""■  '■^"■"  -■• -•"""■  inn  1        F.,,  ,r„,    tt,l„.„nll   ,1,, 

'•'""  l"!w.,-,i  1..,.,!  an,l  ,,P„h,.  t   ,s  (I  n_'.-,  (111(11   ,„■  ■_'.-,   I       Suniniar 
./"Is'    On..  h,„M.p,.u,.r  ,n  tin-  stantp-nnll  ,v,lu....s  .1)  ,.,„s  p.,-  ,„,„„i, 
•"  ^'  '■^'"■""    I""  I-  ^'I'l  ."  tl,rtnl..-nnll  ;;(i„,ns    at   ■•.-,!      Th.s. 
"^^";"  ^"'•''   ""■  ^•■^'■'•'1   ■■-a-".-   tar  fn„„  a.vurat,..   l,ul    th.^v  scrv.. 
t-    >l...u-    in    a    skrt.hv    tasl„.,n    tlu'    ku-.lv    tn-ivas..!    p.nvrr   ,.,,st 
',''    ""•-."'■'ti'l.ii^.      Ill    r.,nn,vti,,n    with    thr    nvrnt    n,,trs:-    ..t^    M,- 
'^""'■'"  ""   "'•■   "-'-^itv   ,>r   lu-avy   .,.u,.lat,.,n.   t.,r  th,.   tnl„.„nll 
"    "^    ""-'■'■^t,n,^    t,,    nn,..    that    th.    .,.un,lal„.n.    at    tl...    Stan.lani 
•'"■,'"'■':'  "f   ''^'''^-^'   t...ilM.rs,    t,r,l   an.l   l„,lt,.,l   p  ...-.tlu.,-  wuh    hravv 
''']f''  !'-'-"t    4   l,y  s„,     tlat   in.n  an,l  .atvlnllv  1h.,M,.,1  n„  „u:.i- 
s.lU  srt  ,n  hanlpan       Mr    Xuttrr   trlk  n,..  that  aftrr  n,.aflv  a  vour'. 
""■■,"'"""   "'■'■•■  "■^'-■'"   "'ti'   a  tt-an.it    an,!   P,un,l   nnnt,,vr.l     '    \.  a 
"'i''    -".nnrnt  up,,n  th.  tul,c.-,n,ll,  ,t  ,.an  !„.  sa„l  that  ,t  has  pn,v.,l 
.tv.ll  a   hf^hlv  c.ft,..,..nl   .nu.-,M-,n,Hn.,'  ttKuhtn..,   I,u,    that    wh.n   the 
"■''"''■  l;'^""  ■'•■I-'"i<  >.!■"..  a  s,n,K.  unit,  as  „,  tins  .as,.,  anv  a..,.„l,.nt 
t"   .'    ^huts   ,l,.w„    th.   wh.,1,.   plant       TlHsvtnuallv   -innan.is    ,h,- 
''"''''^■^""-  •"   ""■■  *■"'"■'■  tuiK.-nnll  ,.,p„p,n..nt      f,,,-  a  small  plant 
a  heavv  ,.xtra  ,  aptta!    ,.xp,.ns..      Tins    ]..,]   .„    .xpvnnu.nt   u„h  a 
m."h!H-,l    pan   „„•   hn..-^nn,ln,^.      it    was   ,„un,l   that   a   si„.l..   ,iv.- 
I""t  jian  ha,l  a  iaiia,.it\   ,,f -.l,,.,,.  ti,..,  , . 


'IISUMIV,  1 


•MlMV.,     VM^S,  iKMini      I'KHss    ,\I;,^     Jli,    |,)<),, 


■////•.    .\hXiKI:    l-ll.l  l:l<      I  !»7 

10  lip,  nr  fri>in  c  ivlit  f-  iiiiir  pati--  w  (  I'c  riiniirr'l  tn  liaiiillf  t  he  marse 
[ipHliut  111  ■_'!)  --t.iiiii'--,  ,il  .1  iiiarki'l  iiiiita~c  "t  p'PWcrcMsi  Xu 
ilrtcmiinal  ii  in  wa--  luailr  nl'  \vi  ar  nl  im  lal  lint  ui'Ilmh'^'  Iiniti 
rxpcricii,  I  with  ;,;riiiilinL;  nuii  ciitratf  il  wnnM  lir  liiLili.  aiiil  pruli- 
aM\-  till'  lalmr  nt  attniiHivj  ti.  a  hatli  r\  nf  pans  wniM  I..-  lai^'c. 
.\ltMi,'rt  lur  tnr  a  sniall  plant,  ^i  i  |"ar  as  iliis  i  xprrirniT  v^'in's.  tliri-o 
siiialliT  tulic  mills,  an\  Cam  nt  wliiih  ,ii\il.l  iln  the  wlinlr  wnrk. 
wniiM  Iir  piatnalilr  tn  pans,  anil  jiHiliaMy  rlaapif  in  installati'iil 
tlian    twM   lai'i^'f   units 

The  iHf  rciii  lit  snliils  has  l.rrn  iiii fcastil  in  thr  tuln'tiiill 
ilisrliafi^c  tn  _'.")',,  i.f  prrliaps  li:;,^'lirr.  li\'  till'  aiMitinti  nt'  material 
ln>m  the  piiiuls       'I'lir  scttlitiL;  \at<,  nt  wliii  h  tlicrc  aiT  nine,  ai;i,'i-f- 

uatr  a   capacitv-  nt   L'l.lllid  .u     tt   .  tln\    are  tlat-lmttumcil    u irii 

'.ats  in  twn  si/ts  nt  70  anil  sil  tnns  snhuinn  i  apai  it  w  rrpirsiiitiiii,' 
-'.■JllO  ami  _'".".()  ,u,  tt  nspi  ,ti\  1 1\-.  On  tin-  hasi^  nt  mtlnw  nf 
^00  ,  n.  tt  ]irr  liniir,  the  line  size  tills  in  .").")  hr,  ami  the  ntlu'i'  m 
ti  4  hf  While  tilliip-  the\-  are  aeitateil.  then  allnwed  to  s,ttle  .'S 
hr.  ami  slnwly  ileeanteil  ilnuii  tn  the  upjier  snrtaee  nfiheshnie. 
This  neeiipies  eieht  hnurs  aiiil  twn  ninre  hnurs  are  taken  tn  mix 
ami  ])unip  mit  the  sluilye.  a  tntal  nt  almut  1:;  hr,  l"nrt\-t\M) 
per  cent  i<i  till'  snhitinn  is  reenxerei]  |i\-  ileeantatinn  it  passes 
tn  an  aijilitinnal  elaritx'in:,'  tank  ami  then  tn  the  t.;nlil  tanks  'l"he 
remainiiii;  pnlp  ,  arries  iVnni  :i4  m  )()',  snli.js.  Keturmn-  to 
the  meehanieal  iletails  nt  the  settliti'^'  rnnm  :  The  a^itaturs  are  ilra.L;.^. 
aetuatt'il  liya  \-ertieal  shaft.  ilri\en  li\-  n\erheaii  evown  :;ear- 
inj,',  !mt  stejipeil  nil  a  steel  liuttnn.  running;  in  ipiieksiKer. 
nil  the  !lnnr  nt  the  lank,  .\lin\e  any  le\  I'l  at  \\hieh  the  hea\ier 
pulp  can  enlleet,  an  N  1>\'  s  in.  ernss-arm  is  sieureii  in  the  shat't 
ami  trnmthis  the  lirai^'s  han-  liy  links  ,,,■  slinrl  ehains.  The  drag's 
are  shnrl  lengths  nt'  liO-lh.  T  rail,  the  speed  nt  si'\-en  nr  ei-hl 
r  |i  111,  is  aiii]ile  and  ihe  pnwer  ennsumiJtmii  is  Inw  ,  This  dra^  t  \  pe 
nt  a,L;itatnr  is  (■sseiilial,  as  mherwise  the  slime  paekini;  amuml 
ihe  lilades  would  stall  the  driviiiL,'  i,'ear  AtUr  deeaiilatinil,  the 
pulp  is  iiiaiK'  hnnini^enenas  \,y  stirrini^-  with  the  dra,L;s  and  then 
transferred  to  the  stnra,L,'e  nr  tiX'atiiient  \ats  l.y  eenirifut,'al  immp 
<')r  airdift,  Imth  devices  liein;,;  used  I'nr  di  eimtatinn  there  are 
hiriRed  I'ijies  that  are  InwtTed  inln  the  \at,  after  the  recjuisite 
clearness  is  attained  and  that  ean  he  kept  near  the  surface  so  as 
to  draw  nt'f  the  least  turhid  solutinn.  These  diseharLje  thriiui,di 
the  sides  ot  tile  \at  a  short  distaiiee  al.oM  the  bottom.  The 
sludge  is  drawn  otY  tliroui,di  pipes  in  the  I.ottnm. 


^- 


< '^  AXIDI';  I'RACTICl-;   WIT 

i-ii.Ti:k    II 


Till-;  .M( )( )R|-; 


li'i     l<     '111  M  W    likMU  \ 
iSei.tcmU'i  s    lid,, 

S.,   IiMl..    lias   1„...„    ,,„I,1,.|,..,,    >.,„.,, „in,    ,1,,     M .,.    pn.vss 

111.-  point.  ,n  ,,,nn.i.,„  L.tuv,,,  ih,.  .M,„„v  .■„,  I  ,|„.  Ca.s.  1- 
Hut  ;.,■.,„■,„.,..,•,.  TiK.  t,l,,-a,,n„l„  va.uuni,  u„h  ,1„.  ns„h,„,. 
adlu'sionn,   .Inck.t.,  ,lu.„u,.„l,.  ,,Mlu.nl,.r:a„,I  ,1„    ..n,ral 

yi.'o,M,,.r,u-h,,,,all,,..a.r,a,a,va,n.,,,,,,,a.,an,l..I,,.aM..nn 
It  sc-c.ms,„„„.  ,l,a,  ,i„.  ,„.„,,  ..I  a,ll,..,„n  ,„.,„„..  „,,i„  „1„  ,■ 
mak.nK  ,..,..„,,.,  „.  ,-,.„„„aI  ,n,n,  ,h,.  nniainin,  ,,„!,,,  ,.,,„.  n  al 
'•""V  ""'"•''■••"-■'■'■•-->•''-■  a,„l,  ■!„.,■  .|,nu.„„.,h,„K  O.lHM-s 
•"  ''''7'^  '■^'^'-  •''''■•■'■'''--''■-■'"!--  l-^.u..,l,,arall,.I  ,. I,.,  Iv 
"'""■'V','""^  '""""■'■  '"•'-^"'"""^"■'^'  •"  t.nnnm,,,,  ^.,h,„„.  i.„,  .,, 
;''""'  '^7;  ''7/'''''' -'"'''  ^'  -'^''  '-!,,.  .,u„„l,.  ,„  a  nh.r  a„,! 
't.  .v,n.,va!    ,v  , In.  ,n,  an.  fn.nMlH.  until,,.,-,  ,1  pulp  ,.  ,1„.  ,..,  „,„, 

'"  I"-^';""''  ^"   '>'^-'-      Tl,,.  ,..,.n,,al  ,l,,y,,-,n,v  1,,„,..„  ,,,,   m,,,,,/ 
"-"<!,.(  a..,.l.Hu,„,-.  ,„,.,l„.,i   „,„    ,„,   ,„„„,,,,„,   ,„,   ,„^,,,.^,, 
'",;'",   ^'';""';""-Mal,.„n,,    ,l,..,„-,„,:   M ,   ,,,,„.,,,   ,,„,    „„,,,.^ 

;;'!•■  7  ---■••  ;-i—i  -inn  ,„  ,i„.  ,,,.,.,..,,.,„,,,„,,,  J,,,,;, 

'    ''"^' '-'';"  "■'■^'''^'"  -'>-■-   "-pulp  „■„,„, l,..„l„.,->l,vpu,ups 
;;'    '^"■'"     ^"'"'"'■'    ^^'l^'"u„s    ua<l,-«-a,..,-    an,l    ,1,,.,    .H.^ia,-.,,  s 
""■  "I"''--f,un   1,,,,,:.  ,-,,n,lu,,,.l  ,n  ,!„•  .ani,    va, 

,,,,'"'^\.f'^'"'7-'''V^'''-'''-''l'--'-v,.,-,.anvas,,f,n.,l,u,n 
""7  •.■'"■  ""'•■  '■""'  '""  '""^-  "-  -Unas  ,.  ,l„ul,I,.  .,..v,..l 
'-^•"■1   'iinv  ..,l^,.s.  an,l  ,  h,-  f.,u,-,h    .L.n^i  ,.,!„.  ,s  l,„l„.,i  p„„..„ 

r''7'''''';^'-''-'-''-'    '^■^-iil-.i,n.,n,.,-,,s.-M.,,n„.      ;n„K. 
;;"   '""^"'^-  "";"■'>'""■•■  "'■•pl'"--.>  a    ;.„.   ..hann,.l.„..,„    - /^/O 

'""i  ">  -I-  .■"mpa,-,nu.n,s  thus  ,n,-,„,.,l  ■  p,-  ,  ,„  ., ,,  ^,  ^^,.,,  „,^^.,.,^^, 
'"  ^''  ;"■  '■"■<'"lat,-,n  U-„h,n  ..u-li  „1„.-  a  i.„.  v..,-,„al  .u,„„n- 
1"1'^'-  "•""■"'■'1  a,  ,]„■  ,-n.l  s,,  as  i,,  ,1„,  „„,,  ,h„  ,.|,.„„„,,  .......  , ,    .. 


1..1 1 


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I 

I 


II 


KM) 


.V/-(  /-.A  /    (  )\\//,i:   /'A'.U  TiLh 


r.n.!u.  „,  ,1,..  i,„„,„„   ,■,,„„  ,,„,  ,,„,^„|.,      .,,,_^,  „^,,,^^,,,,  _^f  ^j^_^ 
"^   "■"•';';""i    I'v   a   >l,„n    l,.n„h    ,„    .u.M„n-l,.,..    m   a   tl,r,.,-uuh 

"'^*"""   '■    ^'"■""«''    ^^■'-''    ">'■   suu.nn    ,>   a,,,,lu.,l.      Th..   ,h.,a>l.   ,.f 
tiii>   w,,i   i„,    1,,,,,,,,  ,„„,^,,^, I   ,,^,    ,.,,,,,.„,,,   ,^^    ,,.^^    .^         J    ^^  ^^^^^ 

""'i>^  V.  nual    siul, .,„-,.,,„•.,    /,'   ,l,r    n.anitul.l    n,  .n,i-v,fw  an.i    -1 ' 
•'"'1    /•'■    Ihr    l'lrmun-|Miir>  an.l  nianifuM.,      1„    ,];      Stan, lard    Vn  \ 
1'';'"^    ""'■'■    ^"■*-    •"  '■•    ""-    -Pl^".-,-    hu„.   ,n,n,   a    iVanu-   ,„    .,,,1 
'•';^'^"\'/^^^^^-    /•/•■/•■■•    "'■■   'l'>'aiHv    l,.tuv.n    >.nl:v-.    huiiK   t"ur 
;''''"/      ""^'■'■"^'■'^';-'l><"l'ask,.,;a,,,,n,x,n,a„lv   l(in,M„,aR. 
>"   tli-  ,u,,   n,   ,1,,-.  n.,-.aMu,„,n-,,un,,,   .C^    IJ  l,v    |.,n     ,i,,vc.„ 
'"■  ^'    '"■''''■    "■  <■    '"■■""•  '"  ■  ^vlii'l,  .l.Tuv.  ..s.Mrnn,    ln„n  thr 
:;;'"'■   "^'■'■'"^"''      Wuh    a    va.unn,   .,(  -,l  ,„,    ,  lu     n,.,,,,,-  r.msunus 
:^  ''''"''"'■'■""'  ''"'   '"  tl  — 'arlv  pan  o,  ,l„    ,,,1.  u!,,.,,  nltmuK 
IS   MM.   thMT    ,<  a    h.aNN    nsr   m    ,„,u.  r  al    ,]„.   ,  „,1   ,,f   ilu-   strnkc 
'lu..   iM  ,x,,cll„,.^.  .nlut,.,n    ir.MH   thr   >l,n,l,.v  ,I,.ara,uv   .parr       Tc 
•■'!"al./,.  il„.  ,1k.  pu.np.  hav.^  h.-avv  flv-wluvN.      CI,  arlv  ,1ns  bas- 
ket   anan^rnH.u    l.n.ls    ,,.,■!.    ,,,    ^,va,    a,va    ,,f    „!,.,,„.    .„,facc. 
"",'■•'   '""'-    '-^^"-1     't-   '"">vn,,-at..,l   ,n  .ad,   u„„ .      Thr   haska't 
.^   Inuvr  i,v    ,.„„■  .,,,11,..  .m,.-,.ul,   p.t.h-.ha.ns    ,..    ,1,..    „vv,-]„.a,1 
'''^'"'•^""':^™^''''"'-i""-''--l    I'va   l()-h,p„„„„ru/,  ,hnu,t,h,l,. 
!I^'''""""   '-'^'"'-l   --„,..„■,„,  an.l   ,l,U..,-,.n,:aI   ,.l,a,„-u-h.Hs 
Ihr  .inv,,,,,  ,,ull,.v  „„  ,1„.  ,„,.„,,  „  „„|,,a„,l  a,   //  an.l  ,  1„.  .Inv.-n 

''""•7  ^"  '■  ""  ">'■  ^^■■"■'"  ^'1^'"  ./■■  A'A"  a,v  ,h.    u-,,n„-ul,.ds    k.-v,..! 
"""''■   ^''^'"■'   "•  "'^'  l-l<>-t-u-Iu,.ls   MM.     Thrs,.   w,.nn-^,.ar.  ar. 
"^''"   ^""'  ''■"    ""--"l^      TlK.  u,„-,„sl„.a,-.,„.,.lla,-s„n  th.  .-n-N  .,f 
"^'   ^v,„-,„-.l,a„   an.lth,.  ,l„v.„„„,.,  ,.„a„„„,s.uch,l,a,,ra,s,„K 
">•;   ■■•^"l.   put>   >haf,   ./   ,„   ,..„.,„„.  ,,,    ,lK.  sa,„..   ,,„„.   ,1,..   ,v,,rms 
t'c'niK  n,,hl  an.i  k-t,,  ,h.,v  ,.  p,-a.-,,rall  v  n.,.  n.p,  hruM  „„  ,  hr  h.-ar- 
iriKS.      11,,,  p,Hk,.,-wl,..,.l.  a,x.,,fs,x  an,l  s.v.,,  p.^k^.s  ,vsp..„v.|v 
liu.    .Ta„r-„„„,,r  an.l    piunp-,,,,,,.,,-  .^r,,,    ,,^„,,,„,    j,,  „„    ,,,.  ,r.,lk.v- 
w,r...   AA    ,hn,u^l,   ,|„.    f,,,.^.   an.i    wiu.-ls   ,  V ';    P   ,.    ,  h,.   „,.„la,.,l 
rrs,   ..n„,  wh,.-h  ;i,..  , ,-,  ,|K.v-u„v  ,|n,ps,  ul,,.,  „.„    i„,i,i  „,,  ,„.  ,,„ 
;""■''''■       ""■    '■■",.-„„„,.,■    ,.    ..,„.,-a,..l    ,l„.„u.I,     ,lu     s,a,-„n^^ 
".X    /.   wh,..h   ,-,  .,,„!,-,,ll,.,l   ,,,,„,   ,,),.   ,ank-H,H„-  t,v   ,1„.  ...nls   C 
'  li<'  "".'1  ,nax„nu,„  l,,a,l  ,,,  ,1,,  ,■„„  ,„^,^,,,  „„  ,,,,,  ^■,,.^^,^^,  ^^  .^.  ^^^^^^ 
7'^  ""•  l^'-'.sr.i  ah.m,  srv..„  ,..,,  ,„  „v,.  ,„„u„,.s      Tl„sr,.,„vs.nts 
af">n<   .i  hp,     1!„.  „„,;,,,  o,nMi,„rs  s.4  h,p,  ..f  ,.u,-,vi,! ,  .,,  ,l,at   the 
^'S..  .u.,1  v„I,  ,lu.  l,alan.„,^  .„  ,1„.  „-.„-,„s,  ,s  lu^avv,      S„ll    a.  t  h. 
h",s,   ^  ,n  .,p,.,-a„,.n   „.„    al,.,v,.  ,„„.   1,.  ,ur  p.M-  .lav.'  ,  !„s  ,s  n-.^li.- 
I'li'         .\ntu,,lis,a„.lmu    thr    .iiCtcnnl,.-,!    ,„.r,r,„,,    „ 


m 


Tin-    M(HU<I:   l-ILTI-.K     II 


101 


spi.iali-t^,     it    L;a\c     ti-cjuMr     at    ln>t,     lar;,a'ly 

I'll  ailsc  tile  Iiuckrts  111  t  tlf   wilt  fl^    wtTiTlDt    (ii'cji 

fii'JiiL;!,  Ill-   Well   littfil   til  the   chain,      I'^vrii   iidw 

when  this  has  liri'ii  ommtdiiic,  L;uiilf-wht  ris  that 

\\c  IT  ilrvisril  ti)  make  the  chain  i;n]i  the  [mcki'ts 

licltcrarc  ritaiini]  as  a   nicasiirc   ut   prccautnin. 

Pi-iihaMv'   aii\    I'liliifc  i!csiL,'ii  shmilil  ha\'c  wheels 

with   twice    t  he  miinher  iif  |i(ickets.       The  j^'eneral 

ciiiist  nici  II  III  1)1' I  he  i-raiie   is  clearl\'  imhcateil  \\\ 

hit;.     ■'!    anil     the    pin  itn'^'raiihs,     aiiil     iKeils    no 

•  'xplanatinii.      The   pi >ckt  t -wheels  afe  placed  at 

i|iianer-spaii  ;Miintsiif  the  lar'.,'e  I-lioains,  ami  all 

stfess  calculatii  Ills   wiTe   turafactur  (if  satVt  v  i)f 

(ive.      The   snppDi-tiiiL,'  track    is    uf    (iO-Ih.    T-rail 

ami  rests  nn  hea\-\-   12  li\-  IN  in.  lun.uituilinal  sills. 

-    the   ca])s  (it    the    sujipnrt  in;4  sets.      Tn   pre\"i  nt 

-^    spreailine    i  if  track,  the  .sets  are  franieil   hack  to 

j_    the  niain  jmsts  uf  tlie  Imildmi;.      All  of  this  con- 

Z    structioti  could  Well  he  of  structural  steel   where 

p    trans]>oriatioti     cost    is    not    jirohiliitiw.      The 

E    tra\"crsinv;  de^■ic<■   fur  the  crane  is  a   !;-in.  plouLjh- 

^    steel  wire-calile,  run  over  tliri c  and  four-L,n'oo\'ed 

shea\'es,  after   the   manner  of  the    Km  ]ie    lioist. 

~    the  main  sheaw  heint,'  ilri\en   li\-   a   W')rni-j,a'ar 

.v_    from  the  niaiiidine  shaft.      A    nn\)  on   the  (.ranc 

enL,'aL,'(^s    tile     cttlile     and     till"     .s^'ear     is    started. 

stopped,  and  rexorst'd  li\'  a   helt-shifter  tlirou^di 

the   niediuTii    of    IcM-rs    con\enient]\'    placed    foi 

operation   li\-   the    liasketnian.      Tli<'    tail-shea\e 

is  I'll  a  carria.Lje  and  adjustalile  totakt,'  up  stretch 

ot   the   calile.      The   rate  of  t ra\td   is  ti\e  feet  pL'r 

niimite.     i'li,'.   \  shows   the    j,'ener;d   plan   of   the 

lilteiinL'-\ats   and    the    discliar^'e  li(ip])ers,      Tlie 

hlteriii'.,-\-aIs     iwliich.    aloni,'    with     the    others. 

lieloneed   to    the    foniur  sand-plant  i   are   round, 

flat  diottomed    wits    '_' t  f t      (liaill      he     7    ft     deeji 

Tlu  \-  ha\'e  four-arnieii  atjitators  ( I'i,t(,  ■< '  runnini; 

at  7r  p.m.  close  to  the  li(;tt()ni.Tlie  shaft  to  wliitdi 

these    are    attached    is  drixcn    hv    crown  iji  arinj:,' 

below  the  tank.      A  special   stuttieL:-l)ox   dcNised 


% 


I"-  Kl-^  l-M    t   Y.Wini:    /'KM   IK  /,. 

t"  kr.p  th>-  s;,n.l  nu!  ,.f  ,!„■  l,r;,nnL^  l,,-,>  ^r..^v,l  sati.ta>'turv 
I'll'  ■■"uM  l.r  inipn.xv.l  iipun.  In  ,-..M,i,,,„  i,,  the  a-itaturs,  each 
"Itrnn-  vai  i-  t,nr,l  wnl,  ,w,,  s,x-,ndi  air-lifts  .lischai-in-  ,,nto 
I'.v.M|,.tf,l,„t,tfjlaini.Kfs,,n  tlir  tups  ut"  t  Iv  l.ask.Ms.  Tli. -r  an  run 
imrrtntiKnih  .lurniL;  ihr  arrr.'ti,,n  p.  riu,]  an.l  scrxv  t..  Li-.tv^  tlir 
oiars.r  parlulr-;  f.  t  hr  surl.i.v,  uluti.v,  a-  liuv  >l,,v,lv  s^ttl.'. 
tlirv  arr  rau-ht  l,v  llic  surtmn  ,,irr<nl.  an. I  .!,,M,Mt,.i  nt,  the' 
liltrr  \.ith    the  -hnif. 


FiL 


In-r,   v,  nil  I  ■,,■!,, 


The  aclicji!  Mt  the   hlierni 


n-  pn„e>s  1.  as  |\,I|,,\vs:  Th-  Lasket 
is.uuvtv.hnt,,  th..  vai  lull  .  ,t  pulp,  until  i  h.  top.  ,,|  ,h>  sjats  arv 
suhnic,-,,,p  .,„,!  ,,„,  ,„,,,„,„  j_^_jj^^^  ^^  start,. 1.  Th.-  tirst  s,,lutit,n 
'■■'nnn^MhrMU.^'h  tnu.Mv  ,s  turn,  ,1  l.a.k  ,niu  th.  vat.  It  scm  rlears 
ii-wrv,  r.  unl,  »atiltrrlraks.  Sh-uM  t  Iimv  Lea  Irak.thr  ..Kntilv 
"'  tt"'  fault  V  hlt.r  ,.  .(uu'klv  rstal.hsltr,!  1,\-  an  nisp,.i„,n  ..f  il,r 
.u'lass  nippKs  conne.  tniL;  each  individual  -plau'  witli  tin-  nianitMhl. 
and  !h;,!  j.Jate  is  ,  u\  ->;;:  i.y  nnMnis  ;iu    p,..p,  ,  s,-nuv  <-...k.  m  i  lie 


////■;   MdONf-:  I-ILIEK     II. 


103 


inanif'iMs  Siiitinn  i--  iDntinufd  with  inttrniittctit  ai^itatiijii  tin- 
lil  a  -ut'tuiiiii  roat  is  (il.tauic'l,  wliicii  m  tins  lasr  a\Trav,'fs  \  in,, 
thru  ilic  basket  is  raised.  l!''  siu'ti(iTi-]iimiii  stil!  ninnin;..;.  and  I  rav- 
crsrd.  witli  its  Iliad  uf  sliiiic  aillnTiiiL;.  fwv  the  wash-watef  lank 
arid  Imw,  red  therein.  Here  snetiiJii  is  edntmui'd  with  t'recnn  tit 
titration  ..f  ilu'  tihrate  toward  the  eml.  till  the  solutinii  has  fallen 
tn  the  |iredeteniiiiied  nniiinniiii  net  strenL;th  uf  e\-aniile.  'I'lie 
displaeeiiient   is  i^'ood.  alumt   0.7  ton   wash-water  !iein.i,'  needed  per 


.:i:;^ 

'■m. 


\  ii 


Fi,-       r,        ICiid  View  ..I    M.,.  ,r,.    l"i!.,T-Ha-ket. 


'"11  "'  'Ir.v  slinie:  the  eake  m  this  euiiditiun  1  arries  almut  40', 
nioi-ture.  s,,  that  e\','r\-  ton  of  -dime  is  a<e(ini|ianied  le,-  (I. (17  ton 
.s"hiti"n.  The  ImminL;  net  e\anide  eonlellt  of  tlu'  tiitrate  is  the 
<iitter(  III  I'  l,et  weeti  that  in  the  wash- wati^r.  wdiieh  alwaN's  eon  tains  a 
little  that  has  lieeti  soaki'd  olf  from  ]ire\ioiis  ehar.^es,  and  that  of 
ihe    tdtrate.      This   is  m    the    neiL;hliorhoiid    of  0,1.')   11).    ]ier   ton   ur 

!1  (!!!7.".    --^   ■■■    .  .  "■•■ 


104 


i<!-'A  h:\r  (  )A\/i)/-:  /'aM(  //(  /•;. 


Aftrr  u-a^limt;.  t  lir  l.ask,  t  i>  raiM.l  a-am  and  run  mv,t  t  Ik- 
'listharL;(-lin,,|„  r;  the  Mirii,,n  i.  coniinu.Ml  till  cxrcss  nioi-mrc 
i>  ivinovr.i  and  llim  an  air-piTsMiiv  ut  .T.  11,.  ,s  tnnud  mm.  m 
suowssivf  Masts  nf  a  Uw  s,  r(,nds  ,  a.  h.  Tin.  ransrs  tlu'  ,  ak,- nf 
shiiH'  tu  dn.p  ,,tl.  the  -lisrhai-u,.  a^vfai^nn-  alHiut  s.V  ,  ,  ,t  ..„n- 
plrtcnrss  K\vi-\  ahfi-natr  .lav  tln'  tiltrrs  aft-  (leans,  d  liv  .ul,- 
stitutnv^  water,  nn.l,  r  l.'()dlK  ,.r,>suiv.  I.  .r  air.  On  radi  ha-k.-l 
''"■'■''  •"■'•  '"■"  ^I'-'i'ial  air-inaintnlds  c,,nnr,tin,i,'  wiili  th.'  iiiMdr 
ot  carh  liltc'r,  at  iH,in;^  tour  l\ct  fn.in  the  .  nds,  l'r.,l,aM\-  th,  ^c 
•  ■"ulii  1,.'  nniilird,  and  llu'  \arnuin  manit..ld  1  r  used  f.,r  llir  pi,  nuni 
•'■^   "■''"  '!"'"■    'lisiiiari,'>'.l    .hitli:,'    ax'cra-.'S     ti^' ,     ,v,./;,/,v    and     is 

-luuv.l     tVutn    tlu-     I„,[,|,rrs    inK.    the     uast.-llunir,    alM.ul     a     tun 
"'     "■■"^■''     ''<-'i',^'    iisrd     f,.r    .■arh     i,,n     ,.f    slmu-.      Tin-    -radr    ,,( 
Hunu'   tnr  this  .Ja.s  nf  nialrrial    is  '■■    ,„  ,„    p,.,-  f, .      'n,,,   tf,,,,,  ,,,„_ 
sunird    m    a    smi;!,'    cvrir    d<  pends    priniarilv    up..n    thr    tl'i.ktuss 
"t  tlir  pulp,  as  an  mstainv,  a  pulp  ,,f  L'O'  ,    .,,!,, Is  will  sranvlv  huild 
up   a   ..nrdialf   im  li    .oatm-    m    1(1   hr  ,    wliilr    pul|,   ..f    1(1',     s,,l,d-, 
will    iruv    an    m.d,    cn:auv^   m    l\\.,    t..    thnr    hours.      Thr    [iv,vuy,v 
thukn.-ss  tnr  K.St   war  was  0.7-1  ,„.  ;,nd  tlir  tnaxiinun,  fnr  anv  n,,,- 
ninnth    l.j-1  in.      Tlir   tinir   nt'  thr  arrnimn   ju-rmd   is  ahnut  "tiiivr 
and  nnrdiallhnurs.  uashin.L;  and  disdiai-mu  t  ;ikr  thr  sanir.  niakm- 
al>nul    Ihivr  full  cvrks,,,   L'-|   j,,-.    „llli    tunc    fnr  rIlU'ri,vnr v    maltrfs"' 
This  IS  cnnsidcM-aMv   Inn.s,',  r  than   is  thr  vxvmvmv  (dsrwli,.,-.-   and 
mu.st  1.-  atlnl„it,-d  tn  ihr  lar»r  pmpnrtmn  nf  dav  m  thr  mat.  rial. 
n,:nn.„r  one  in.)nth.   wlun   c'la\    was  nntal.K-   li'ss.  thr     awra-r   f.dl 
!"   -'.•).-.   hr.    f,,r  acvrui.m   and   _'.!•   hr.    f,,r   washm-  and   disrhari^r. 
Tlu'  a\vra.<,'c'   Inad   liandk'd  n,  racli  ,v,lr  is  rlnsr   In    Is  t,,„s  ,,i  ,lrv 
slim,-,  sn  that  the  tw.,  units  in  this  plant   haw  an  a'.vraur  rapantv 
"t    KIN   Inns   prr   dicni.      Tins    has   n,,t    1„,„    nj.iaiiud    m    pr,..ti(v 
nwr  anv   cxtcndc'd    prrmd,   hut    l  hr    liniitm,-    fartnr   lias   nm    l,rrn 
the   hltrnn,L,r,  sn  that   the   ninnthlv  rapantv   ■,{  the  plant    has  l„,.n 
vnnsrrvatuvlN    plavd   at    ;{,()(MI  tnn^   p,,-  nmnth.      I'lft  v-n-ht    prr 
wnt  nt  tlu'  tnial  .nh,t„,.n  ivr.,vrivd  frmn  tlu- plant  has  en:  :..  thrnu-h, 
""'   "'"■'■-■      '^'^""'1  this  p.„nt   the  pnuvss  ,s  I  hr  sam,    as  ,n  ativ 
c'vanidr  plant  cxcvpt  that  il,r  sump  snlutmns.  aftrr  Ikui-    s,andard"- 
tic.'d  in    Mnra.i^r-tanks,  aiv   ivluriird    l,y    a    thtvc-plun.urr  pump    in 


tho  null. 


■;in,ir  up  s.,nir  nf  tile  drtails  nnt   N-ft  toui'lu'd  upnn  the  fnllnw- 
hr  'pu  stinn  nf  thr  Wear  of  tlif  filtt'rs  is  an  iin- 


in.i,'  IS  tn  in-   not,', 

pnrtant    one       .\n      x!r,  nir    Iifr    nf    Id   Ti,,„,tl,s    i,„.,   i .,    ......  i 


THI:   MOOKH  1-ILTI:R     //. 


10.) 


some  casi's,  hut,  if  hadlv  mack'  .,r  laivltsslx-  handle. 1.  tlK'\-  ri(|uirf 
icinstant  atti'iitioii.  ivpairs,  and  rincwaN;  halt  a  c\(l.-  per  dav 
ran  easil\-  he  l,.,st  in  tins  uav.  Six  ninntli-,  lan  he  taken  as  a  fair 
a\era>,'e  life,  this,  at  a  niuntlilx  t(cina<;e  of  1,. ■)(!()  per  hasket,  makes 
the  eiist  .")e.  jier  tun.  In  uiher  jilants  wliere  -mailer  filter.-  are 
ti.sed,  the  canvas  is  stretelu^d  on  an  mtirnrd  frame  of  jupe  and  so 
kept  taut,  the  i)ipe  at  ilu  same  time,  serving  for  siuti..n  and 
diseharKe-pressure,  In  the  .Standard  j.lant  ncj  trouhle  hr,  ;  heen 
expenenei'd  from  lettin,-;  the  filters  taki'  tlu'ir  natural  lian^.  and 
when  the  plant  was  hem-  ,iesi,i,nHd.  the  stretehint,'  of  the  canvas 
over  a  frame  did  not  appeal  tons,  holh  heeause  of  ad<led  exj)eiise  of 
'.o.islnietion  and  of  shorter  life  of  the  canxas.  uhu  h  would  he 
under  K'l-eatiM-  tension  when  the  'plat,  s'  distend  under  air-pressuro 
and  heeome  distorted.  Wluther  th-  latter  is  a  \alid  oto'eetion, 
onlv  unliiasi'.i  (omparaiiw  work  can  teh.  The  indi\  i.lual  -jilatt  s' 
are  spared  ,,ne  fn,ni  tlu.  ,,ilur  hv  li<;ht  wo,,den  -.mIs  to  whieh  their 
eili;es  are  attaehe.l  h\-  Jwiiu  There  are  four  of  these,  s])aein^' 
the  ends  of  tlu'  'plates'  at  iiiid.iie  and  lower  oirner.-.  As  a  certain 
amount  of  slime  ,u<ts  throu-h  the  filter  at  times  '.vheii  a  leak  .le- 
veloj.s  wlun  the  hasket  man  is  n(,t  at  hand  i  the  solution  passes 
from  the  jiunip  tlirou,i,di  a  launder  first  to  a  clarif\ini,'-tank  from 
which  it  is  decante<l  to  the  ,L;oM-tanks.  An  addition,  recentlv 
msialltd  as  an  improxdiun'  on  this,  is  a  permanent  set  of  'plates' 
m  the  clarifying  \at .  throu-h  which  tlii'  solution  is  drawn.  Tl,  > 
di-'\iii'  is  used  elsewhere  with  suness. 

From  taiim.t,'  a\t  ra,t;mi:  ahoui  S.s  pt,-  [,,n  the  a\irat,'e  n  ;  urn 
has  heen  KV  ,  ,,f  ih,.  ;,r„|,]  and  silver.  llu'  ,i;'>Id  alone  hem.u  close 
to  !•()',.  Ilis^dier  results  haxc  ht  <  n  at  times  attained,  and  the 
mdu'ations  are  that  the  avera-e  for  the  present  vear  will  tend 
to  apjirejaeh  these  fiL^-ure  s.  TIh'  total  extraction  from  the  ore 
is  as  ^riven  herewith:  the-  third  column  .^ues  the'  re'sulls  for  a  Sl'O 
ore,  this  heini;  ahout  the-  a\erai;i-  fo;   the-  mine': 


1 1|  > 


M 


I 


l\r  cent  Per  eiiit 

<<\  lir"(Itut.       (.f  cTiiiie  nre.  Valut 

Ki'i  civcrv  ni  tlu-  mill   .  ,-,  | 

Re-eo\-c-r\-  iii  the-  sliiiit-  lijanl s:{ 


,')t  II 


Sill    Ml 

7   1)4 


T.iial 


Sl.s    14 


(."e'liipariii.e;  this  with  the-  old  nu-thod  hy  per,  e.latie.n.  we  have- 

I  he-    f(  illc  m  it-ier 


iiMi  Ri-A  i:\  I  (  r.iA //'/■.  /'A'  i(  //(  /•: 

Rrrri\(r\    HI  til,'  mill    .  i>  I  i;|  n  <  |  _>    m) 

1<<TM\,T\-  111  ilir  .^  .iimlr  i.l.nit  7r  ■_'.■>  _'  .",  iii 

1 '  'lal  riroviTV  Ml    J  ,S  1 7    >  1 

i'liK  -aiti  (if  :!'  ,    or  (i:)  rciit^  prr  ton  is  >in:ill  aii^l  liarilK-  iiKire 

ihan  rtiMUL;!)   t..  cmt  the  uxtra  rust    wliicli  ..n   tlir  liaq-;  of  work 

iluriiiL;  last  fall  i-,  _'_'c,.  so  that  it  dors  not  furnish  a  stroii'^'  arL;niiu-iil 

tor  fin,-  ;^'i-in'ln:'^'  in  ias,'s  wiu-rc  the  whole  |iro,hict   is  anicnaMc  to 

prrrolation.      Hut    so   far  as   this   ore  .^'ors.   ami    nianv    like   it.    thr 

r-iinparis.in    is   l.y   u<>   means    tair.      Uiiilrr   the    f.inncr   nu-tho,!    of 

trcatnicnt    :i()' ,    ,,f  tin-   tailiif^   was   left    in   the   ponds.   iM'ini;   unlit 

tor  anv  hut   slim,-  nirthods       The  revise,!  eomparison   then   wouM 

\iv  as  foH,i\vs: 

I'.rii-nt;!,..;,'  I'i'rcemai;e 

•  il  ,,t' 

"I'l  iiie'li'i.l.                                                        i.r.Mliut.  enicl.'  ,.rc.  V.ilue. 

Krio\-ere,l  in  tile  mill,                   (i4  li)   II  S  I  L'    s(l 

I)iseliar>,'ecl  tr,Mn  the  null               36  ;i(i  II  7     H) 

I.eft  in  the  ii.>n,ls  .                30  111   s  -j    u; 

CnUK  to  e\am,le  plant 70  L'.'j    J  .-,.1)4 

Sa\e,l  in  eyaiii,Ie  plant "0  17   i>  '.i    't'2 

T,.t.il  s.ivin^'    Sl.li  Slli  :{■_' 

This  shows  a  i;ain  of  .•<■_',  PJ  per  tun.  ii^norinn  anv  liitfVrence 
in  idst.  In  our  work  last  fall  th.is  ,  ante  to  s(),22  inereaso.  so  that 
till-'  net  ,1,'ain  is  .sl.'ll)  per  ton.  Rotn^hly.  the  plant  cost  s()(), ()()(). 
tli<!U,t,'h  it  vouhl  prohalily  he  duplicated  for  one-fourth  less,  so  that 
on  the  hasis  of  the  tonna.u'e  of  'JO. 1100  per  year  the  <,'ain  represents 
(1:^'  ,  return  per  annum  on  the  aetual  eost  of  the  ]>lant.  fully  justify- 
ing^ the  in\estment.  In  addition  to  this  ijain  is  the  ahility  to 
treat  some  }().0()l)  tons  of  aecunnilate.l  slime,  whieh  has  thus  he- 
■onie  an  asset.  The  alio\e  eomparison  is  on  thi'  tii,'ures  of  eost 
aetually  attained;  usin.i,'  the  eost  of  .sl>,  estimated  for  the  future, 
the  gain  would  he  s-J  .',7  per  ton. 

The  tollowint,'  taMe  .ijiv  es  the  sej,'re,<,'ation  of  cost  for  the  various 
dep.aftments  : 

(ieneral     expense,     nulieliii:;     sujn  riiUeniUnee.     w,it>  hman.     assays, 

msuranee,  taxes.  ,  lieimeals.  supplies,  ete '  $1    ''(12 

Re-K'nm!in,L:  ...                                               ' "o  .^72 

M.K.n-  pr-.eess                                         '  '  '  '  II   ;i!4 

/ine  r,  „  an.  H   .».■  1 

'liital  m  slime  pi, nit  ,  j-j  ;j.j() 

I'linds.  e.illeetmj,'  ami  h.imlliii:;.  with  team (I    |20 

'"■•I'l'l  '"'.il  .  $J.469 


////•    M'hU<I:    IlLII-.K     II 


\'>y    Xhv   i\^M■  harrow   jicrrolaiion   nicth..,].    f(,riiUTlv   followecl 
ihr  rnst  was  s-J  ■_',-,      This  ti-ur,-  ,,t  SL'.47  is  tor  a  rcstru-tol  tonnai^'c.' 
aii.l  ,antiil  estimate  on  a  l>a>;s  ,,t  :;,(MI(l  ,,,„.,  ,„.,•  „„,n,h  l,rinL.'s  the 
cost    .lowii    to     ._>,      Futurr    work    siu.uM    inipn.v,.    rvcn    on    this 
Mention  has  Invn  nia.h-  of  the  a.vunuUat..l  tailin,L;       This  material 
has  lucn  nia.lc  availaMr  tor  ininicdiate  treatment  hv  the  provision 
"t  a  sto.  k  hm  ..utsi.le  the  -rm.hn-  house       It  i.  ...nne.ted  on  the 
"lie   si,le    with    the   jH.n.ls   I.y   an    inehn.d    trark   an,i    a    stationarv 
haiihn.L;  system   and   on    the   other   with   the   tul.e  null    hv   a   steep 
laun.Jer,  into  which  the  tailin-  is  ted  from  the  hm.  nieehanirally 
In  the  ease  of  ,,re  of  this  kind  with  .|ualiti<-s  ,,f  verv  sl,,w  settling, 
the  addition  of  dry  material  is  a  deeided  advanta.ye  to  the  plant, 
as   It    increases    the   i>er<-enta,i;e   of   solids   and    lessens   the   time   of 
settlm,-^      It    is   prol.ahle   that   this   ,.utsi,le   stuff,   not    havm-   par- 
tuiiKited    in    the    violent    a,i:itation    with    evanide    solution    aeeom- 
phshed  m  tlie  mortars,  and  moreover  onlv  eoniin^'  into  contact  with 
the  solution  that  reaches  th.^  tul.e-mill  alreadv  Aveakened  from  its 
original    strength    of   two    poun.ls   l,y    the    Wanicides'    in    the   ore, 
does  not  yiehl  as  hi.ijhly,  and  so  euts  down  the  average  extraction 
pro  rata. 

To  the  experienced  cyanide  man  a  ()uesti<.n  naturallv  presents 
Itself  as  to  the  accumulation  of  weak  solution.      The  addition   to 
the   hulk   ot  solution   comes   from   moisture  m  the  ore  an.l  from  the 
wash-water,    the    k.sses    from    evaporation    an, I    leakatre   and    from 
the  disehar-e.l  tailing.      On  the  l.asis  of  the  drv  ton,  the  addition- 
are  ().()!l  ton    ~-    0.7       0.7(.,   while  the  determinahle  l,.sses  are  0.47 
ton       This   indicates   an    increase   that    is   not    lound   in    practice. 
Hut   it  It    were,   the  extreme  weakness  of  the  s,,Iution   would  make 
such  a  ,t,^,in  not  of  hrst  moment,      just  how  the  difference  is  t.i  he 
aceounted  for.  is  not  clear,  hut  it  is  ,lue  in  part  at  least  to  the  ,lifH- 
cultv    ,,|    corixrtlv    daivrminin-    the    moisture    in    the    disehar,i,'e, 
1-or   vears   the  concentrate   has   luen   treai,-.]   in   a     p.m.    with 
a    lye   and    l.Iuestone  chari;e.    -ivin,-   results   that    were   ,.nlv   satis- 
tactory   because   no   way   had   appeared   of  hcttennLT   them.'     Soon 
alter  the  shme-plant    had    l.een   put    in   operation,   the  experiment 
was  tried  <,t  treatin.^'  the  concentrate  with  stron-  cv.imde  sr.hiticm 
and  with  <iuh-oo,l  results  that  the  method  eompletelv    supplanted 
tl.c    old        The    details    a,v    as    follows-    The    concentrate    consists 
lar-c-!y  ot  iron  oxides  with,  a  little  pyrite.      This  is  ,  harmed  in  one- 
toi:  !::■:,  :n:o  an  ..rdm.iM    ine-jooi  siixer  jian.  li,^  II..    Imie  i>    added 


ty 


I  OS 


Ri-A  i:\ I  t  wwiDr:  I'rm  tu  /•;. 


ami  I'linui^li  watrr  t  .  l.rin-/  t  !u  |iul;>  !■.  al.nut  ».'>'  ,  solids,  «i\  iii^;  the 
rdii-iisteiuc  Ml'  tliitk  1  rraiii  Tlir  «  hari,'c  is  ^'nniml  Inr  is  hr. 
ami  til. '11  >\am'lf  i-,  in,  i' mIui  i-J.  \i<  1  rinir  the  snhiti'.n  mj,  to  a 
stniiLTth  Mt  _M  111  prr  tun  (liiiidin'^  is  .(MitiniuM  with  the  adiii- 
tiun  nt  litiir  aii.l  i  yaiii'lr  at  imrr\aU.  the  oiir  tu  insure  alkalinitv 
and  the  otliir  to  keeji  uji  tin-  -tren'^'tli  \<>  the  (jriuinal.  Alter  ahout 
71  hr  it  passes  tn  the  set'ler  fur  ■_'!  hr.  further  a^itati'm  and  tinallv 
1-  ihhited  with  mill  sulutiun  and  tinned  intu  the  sliiiie-plant  lluiiie 
luward  the  end  uf  the  ujieratiun.  sanijiles  xi  the  pulp  are  taken 
at  inti'r\aK,  washed  eleail  uf  s<ilutiun  and  assaved,  as  a  i  heek 
ui'un  the  I'Xtrarlion 

An  interestint;  feature  is  that  durini;  the  ijrindin'^  with  hnie. 
an  uxidizinj^r  aetimi  a  surt  uf  wet  ruast  appears  tu  take  jilace. 
the  pulji  elianeinL,'  fnnii  a  dirty  '^'ri'en  tn  a  hruwnish  ud.  The 
results  (if  this  \\,,rk  fur  sunie  :<()  tuns  one  half  the  vear's  pniduet 
with  an  assay  \alue  ni  u\  er  si.")()  per  tun.  are:  Extraetiun  uf  t,'ul.|. 
litis',  :  ,,f  silver,  st.p,  tutal.  IM.'.l' ,  ;  the  eust  is  s?  »M  per  t(jn. 
The  e(.nsuniptiun  uf  eyanide  is  is  t-i  L'O  lli.  ]ier  tun.  An  exeellent 
euniparisun  uf  the  hew  and  the  uld  niethud  is  uhtained  hy  eun- 
siderin<4  the  wurl;  of  the  tirst  half  uf  the  year,  wliieli  was  l.v  ])an 
anialLramatiun:  Kxtraetiun  uf  <^n\,\.  S7,l'  ;  ;  ,,f  silver.  74.!t'  ,  ;  total. 
>'4  4'  ;  ;  eust.  s|:i  ;{s  per  tun.  On  si.-,|)  euiieentrate  the  j^am  per  tun 
amuunts  tu  s].")  J.!  in  extrai  tion  and  .s,">.47  in  cost,  a  total  t)i  s21  .'-'L'. 

To  the  a.lvoeate  of  tine  ijrindini,'  tlu'  ri'sults  I  have  ijiven 
may  ajipeal  with  too  ,,'reat  foree  Stalllpint,^  if  fulluwed  at  all. 
must  almost  uf  neeessit\-  lie  in  sulutiuii.  and  the  luw  cvanide  eon- 
tent  dem.anded  l.y  mort-  than  one  faetur  is  apt  to  ,L,'i\-e  luw  results 
a*  rej,'ards  the  silver.  in  an  ure  whu  h.  l.y  reason  of  alisenee  of 
coarse  ^old.  will  yield  <reditalilv  to  eyanide  aluiie.  aiiial.yamaliuii 
ean  he  dispensed  with  and  Jirulialily  less  sulutiun  used.  I^ut  it 
is  douljtful  if  even  then  a  solution  strung.'  eiiuuLjh  fur  Lruod  silver 
extraetion  ecjuld  he  used  v.ithuut  excessive  luss.  Certainly, 
huwever.  in  ore  (jf  the  Standard  type  fine  ^'rindin,^;  t^u'es  hi-her 
results  tur  the  same  c\-anide  streni,'th  and  the  same  exlr.ictiun 
for   a    lower    stren,i;th  Metweetl    the    two    there    is    intermediate 

streiiLjth  tliat  j.;i\-es  tlu'  maximum  commercial  result,  and  in  all 
ti -t.s  witli  line  i;i-indin,y  tin-  aim  must  he  tu  .ietermine  this  pumt. 
As  a  (  unijiarisun  helweeii  the  -eiieral  .Muore Ca-sel- Hut ters  method 
and  filter  pressin.i,'.  it  seem>  th.at  the  furmci'  has  ;^'reat  inherent 
ailvantaL'es  in  cheaniiess  ut  iiist.:!!l.-itiuii  rni,!  ;.ii..r-iti,in    -iilI  .r.-, .,.■;.■,.-, 


m 


I  III:     MonRI;     /■//./ I- I,-      If 


III!) 


am.hantv  u„h  ,1,.  .l.tails  sl:„ul.i  rnak.  ,l„s  nurcasni^lv  .v.Knt 
1"  '"tni.an.-,„  „„h  -Ir,  antatinn.  apart  imm  tlic  tart  that  tor  ^..mf 
'"■-■l>';'ntat>,.n  .s.-n-nvlv  unsuitr.l.  ,t  dorsawav  with  the  cnormou. 
lH.lkn(snlut„,„..tn.nu:,rr,.,M.atolua.hin.v  In  t„u-,  it  is  l,rh,.u..i 
'  >^'t'.n,..„u.tallur,n.,s  l,..,,,,,,..  I,,,,..,-  uUnrnu.l  on  thr  principles 
"t  the  svst.n,.  ,t  will  1...  f,,un,l  worthy  of  more  eonsi-k-ration  than 

lU-rrli  >ti  ire 


\''i 

h 


i[ 


^i 


TUHI-:  MIIJJXC    IX   K()Ri:.\ 

iSf lilenilifl  .'.',    IMM. 

'riir  l-Mitiir: 

Sir  W'l  ;irr  ;il  prr^nit  r\|iiriiinnlinL;  mi  .1  praitical  ^calo 
witli  rr-Linndiiii;  'uir  n  iiu  <-mrali'  in  a  f.ilic-inill  with  i  \ani'i(.' 
'-iiliition  It  iinuiTi'il  til  iiir  -iiiiif  iiiiiiit  lis  at'"  that  tAaiii'lr  ".!iiti"n 
•  M\ili|  he  u^iil  Hist  as  Well  as  water,  w  hni  rchiriii',;  nur  ,  ■  'iii  cntrair 
\(i  slinif.  ami  i'lii.UiualK-  scnir  (it  the  i,'(iM  rmilil  he  rxirai  ttil  wlnlr 


I'v^.      7        I^N|uriiikiital    l'>ani.lf    I'l.int 


'^nil'Iiii'j        111  ntlirr  wcifls,  tlu-  tulir-null  imiM  ].c  used  as  a  '^riinkT 
aiiil  a;.;itatiir  I'liiiiliinrij. 

This  I  iiiiipaiiy  :()ri(iital  Cuv..  MiiiiiiL;  C<>  ■  lias  iniistri^  tnl  an 
fXlirriiiimtal  jilaiil  ci  insistin;^  i.t'  mu'  tuln'-iiiill  il'l  l.\-  \2\  t't .  > . 
twii  iiicihaiiirai  a;_;itati'rs  with  pluw"  shurs  iS  !,\-  ()  ft  iliaii!  .  thrri' 
tiltrr  ami  sttlliti^-lMixrs  1  4  li\-  .*>  Ii\-  .">  1 1 . ' .  4^  sr)iaratc--r<ii!iiiartinrnt 
ziiu'-lii  ixcs,    t\\<i  sur.iiis,   and   unr   stiuk-sdhitiiin    \at.      An   i-li  1  trio 


■//    /'•/•.   M I  I.I.I  \,,    l\     h,i/<l:    1 


I  I 


"'"""'     ""-'li-'"'^     'Ih'   nrr,...ary    ,,uurv       Tl„.    ,„1„..„„11    u;„    .  ,  „,  ■ 
stnu  ti  il  in    llii-  <  niii],;nn  ^   s|i.,],s 

''"'"'  ">''!""1  '■-  .-1  -■miiiMMUs  ,,nr,  tin  ,u,„,.ntr;,l.-  is  |,„1  nil.. 
tin.  I,,,,,,,..,-  uith  .-vani.ir  ,M|„t„„  ,,n.|  u|M,n  ,,,•,..,„•.'  tliP.uuli  ,1,,. 
till.,'  null  1-,  n.'arlv  all  -nmml  i,,  s],,,,,.  anj  a  .^..,.„.  pm  .■nta",-  ..' 
""■'-"■'''  '^''^'''.rl,,]  At  tl„.,„,l  ,,|  thr  n„|]  i.as,„t/l<astcni;iin 
""'•'  ''-^  '-■  "  !'■"■■;  ''.^"  II'  "  'i''^"  M,,,,,l„.,l  u„l,  .1,-ar  uat.Ttn.,,, 
""■  '■""•""  ^^'l''"  ■li-'ia,-r.  iVnni  tl,,.  l,.„t...n  .,i  ,1,,.  sp,t/- 
kast.n  ,.  ,.,av>r  <■.  ,n>vnt  rale  an.l  ,  Uar  water,  that  passu,-  ,,v,t  tlu' 
spit/kast,n    is    il„-   (  vani.lc   SMlutiun    an.l    s],,,,,.      The   c  narsr   r.,n- 


K'K    s       AniptluT  \'ifu  of   the  SaniLV 

c'l-ntratc  that  may  escape  from  tlic  tube-mill  is  caught  in  the  settlinK- 
l'"xes  an.l  a,i,'ain  re--n.un<i.  while  the  overHmv  contains  verv  little 
value  (tests  mm  to  0.01',  Kr.\  an,l  assavs  six  cents  per  ton, 
We  cannot  arranije  to  run  this  overflow  (,r  uaste-water  solution 
throa-h  a  separate  line  of  zine-hoxes.  In  this  small  plant  the  value 
ot  this  waste  solution  will  not  amount  to  more  than  sl>  to  .s:<  m  ;.>4 
liours.  Tlic  slime  concentrate  an.l  cyani.ie  solution  i)ass  on  to  an 
!!'!!!;""'  "'''''',  '^''^,''^''''\^^'t  >n  "if'tion  (i;5  rev.  per  min.)  and  the 
..■•ui:v:  .•.■•.•.■.■:c.;.  r,^\\  i;,^-  pi.„iuci  is  aj^'itatcl  t.jr  alj.)ut  1.')  hr 
the  muller  ,s  then  raisd  t  w,,  feet,  the  a-itator  st.^pped  an.l  the  cn- 


li-'  Kli  l\  I    Ml  \//'/'    I'K  W   //(  /■ 

rt'iitnitc  .illi.u,  ,|  iM  >rit|,  It  t.ik.  ^  ,.l..ini  Mile  li..iir  I..  M-itlf  >  li-ar. 
liy  the  .i.MiiM.ii  .it  sMiiK'  tinlk  .>t  lim.  it  .cuM  1..  iiiack-  to  st-ttle 
in  half  an  limir  I  pic  l(  r  t.,  n^,  .,-  litllr  Imu-  as  iHissililo  hirause 
tllf  strniiL;  alkaliiii  -...lutinti  ,  iisuiiu  ^  a  lari;c  aiii'iiiiit  ,if  zinr. 
Till  .  liar  (  \  aimli  v.  .hit  inn  i^  .|,  i  atit<.l  l.\  a  tl..at  -ipli..!!  int..  tilitr- 
l.ciXfs  an.l  Ir.iiii  tin  re  it  is  run  tlirmi-h  tin  /in.  l...\r-  an. I  tin  l,'..M 
Vrcripitalcl       Next,     the    stfnti;,'     |.rii.  ipiiati'd    t\am.li-     s.-lutinii 


I''iU'    '^        'rul-r-MilI  .111.1    |-;\|.rnniriital  (   \Mni.lr   I'l.ill 


!i-..tii  tile  stinii.  '~^  puniiif.l  up  t<i  tli.  ai:i!ai..r  as  a  wa^h  t..  panlv 
rmi.iw  till-  ,;.;..1.1  rcniainin'.,'  within  the  -^-ttlcl  c  .lucntratc  Tin- 
nuilirr  is  allowr.l  L.  work  .l.iwn  .  .n  tlir  rhap^r  aivl  a-itatr  f.  .r  a  trw 
i)iinutr>,  thru  scttlr.l  au.l  .InaiUr.l,  Fiilldwiiv^  tlii>  . .  nir  tw.i 
suc'ct'ssuc  weak  ryani.K-  washo  m  rfni..\-r  i'\-aiii.lc  aii.l  '.^..1.1.  an.l 
tinally  a  w  alt-r-wash  \\liicli  is  run  thr..u:4h  a  f..u  . .!'  zuu-lmxi's 
t.i  wastr.      Xnw  the  rhar.Ljc  nf  ah. . lit   li\T  tmis  cit'  rUan  ...niriitrati' 


^ 1 1,,.    i;..  .1 


.;vi   :iuu   i:;f  itl" 


iS  a.  I. led. 


TlHI    Ml  I.I.I  \i,   i\    /^-,,/./.  I 


'"'■1  "..u  ,!„■  .•.„ta,-,r  u,ll  ,i,.,l,.,..,.  „s,.l,  na.lilv  an.!  ,„•,■,...,„„■ 
•'"p;  ^l"-^'  Tl„„„al„va.nu.nt  takrs  .' H,,  ,urv  1  .■ .,  I,  a,„at  L  ,„ 
iin.l  .1,,  antali..n  l.ritiL;  .|..iir  in  t  he  a-ilal.T, 

K'-    l.-lin^   tl„.  ,,„„,.„, rat.'  an. I  .van,.|..  ..,h,ii.,n   unli    .  ,  „n- 


^"■""'  "I   "11. ■   t..  one   thn,ui;li    lli.^ 


"■mill,    uc  arc  aM.'   t,  -ct 
111'  a.^'it.it.iiN  will   ,,n|\- 


"'•     lini-t    :;iin.lin^   an.l   lli.^   |„.st    rvMilts       ' 

''^';''  '"''•;  ""-'1  "•"-•'■"  ""'am  a  hill  .lia,-..       Wn.lr  „n..  at;it,n.,r 

'^,  '"■"'^'  ""'"'■  ""■  """■'■  '^  'i<''-.n„n,u  an.l  j.^.ttinu  iva.lv  ,.,  1,.  ,li.. 

^■''^""''"'  •^"''"  '"■■"' ""'"■l^'>""i-''-.lra.iin.4tn.mn„ir,.,a..Uat.,r. 
"  '"'"■/^•'^  ■■""  ""I'-'  ^t.H  k  .  Nam.!.,  val  al,..v...  s,,  ,l,at  uv  ,  an  a.j.l 
""""'^■''  ^"'""""  '"  ^^■'■1'  rUr  laun.l.T  .l.-ar  Wi,h  ,  U-an  ..,„...,- 
iT-alc  II  IS  n.vi-sary  t..  liaxr  a  step  i,.ra,l,> 

„''''",  ^"■'■"-  '>■••'""''■  ^"1""""  '"»:!■,,  IS  us..,l  ,n  ,1,,  ,„1„.. 
"»'■  .ni.i  a,nat..rs.  ululr  .1,,.  -wak  .,nr  rn,,,l.  ,^ ,.,!  t,  .r  waslu's  - 
"';!^;"V        ^;-  'vani.l..  ,s  a.I.l,..!   .„  t  h-  wak  ..  .luf  .n.      I.,„„.    ,s 

;"7'''  '^"'""  '""  I'"""'l^  iH'r  t.Mi,  u„l,  ih,.  ...n.vnttat,.  as  a  is 
ii'.l  Hit. I  th,'  mill 

^  ''"''"  "'''  """""'  '"  '■^■^'""''"■'^  omr,.„tfatr  luiv  ,s  l,v  mixm;, 
"it.i  IS'  ,  san.j  and  ponolatuii,'  m  vats  tnmi  _>l)  t..  :;()  .Javs  This 
nirth.Ml  .^.,vrs  an  avrraijc  rxtrai-ti.in  ,.\  so  jr.,-  ,,.„, 

Thr  .xtrac  ti.,n  (,I,taiiKMl  at  piTsc-nt  with  thf  tul.r-null  an.!  ayita- 
t'.rs  „n  .  Ka,;  ...n.vntrat.-  is  !•:!.  ,  Hy  ^ra.luallv  makim^  impn.vc- 
mrnts  vvr  mav  p,,ssil,ly  in'ttrr  tlusr  result   , 

■      I  liUtahall.ir.   K..rra.   Iul\-  _'(»,    |<»()(i. 


m 


(.■\'A,\ii)i-:  pRAcrui-:  at  i:l  ord    i 

l^\      T      A       Rli    IsAKll 
tSepli'inl'f;    J^t    MHCi' 

T',u:  iK-wlnimu  lit  I'f  tlu'  niillin:^  practice  at  101  ()!•■>  :-  lull 
III  iiutrcst.  111  1^7:;  a  lull  ii-ihl,i  dc  hciu-jh  i,'.  nr  fciluctiMn  plain, 
was  erected  tn  cru^li  .ire  and  treat  the  aeeuimilated  tatlin-  from 
a  still  'ilder  ,in\isli'i\  and  to  this  plant  lurtlu  r  a<liliti'in  was  made 
in  l^^"  The  mill  then  inelud( d  2"  stamps  with  anialLraiiialiiiL; 
tal/ks.  In  IMtd  the  aecuimilalKui  ot'  tailing;  made  l.y  the  -tamps 
was  snld  tu  a  man  tn  pin  lUittc'.  nann  d  Alherl-m.  Tlie  tailim^ 
he   hanilled   was  ndier  than   the  <>re   heiiiL;  mined   t'H|a\  .\e\-r- 

thek'ss,  the  enntract  t'..r  the  treatment  ni  it  was  cancelk'd  at'tei- 
tlie  iiurehaser  had  installed  lour  atnal-amalim;  ]ians  with  settlers 
and  had  started  to  slup  ladlion.  This  was  under  the  reL^itiie  of 
(ieneral  i'risl.ie.  In  1  s'.i  1  a  Chilean  mill  wasliroUL^ln  frotii  (.'liicat;o. 
to  <^'nnd  the  ore  after  it  passed  throu,L;ii  a  Coiiiet  crusher.  The 
Chilean  mill  did  liner  -rindint;  than  the  stami's,  which  at  that 
time  \\ere  also  jrt  ceiled  li\-  irushers.  of  tlic  I^lake  t\pe.  Tile  mill 
in  tui-n  left  a  dump  which.  eNi'iittiallw  asinilliods  impro\-ed. 
It  liecanic  proiitahle  to  re-tnat.  Late  mi  Is'.tl.  lames  H  ilaii.i^ir 
IjoULjlit    control.      In    the    foll,,w-ni'4   yeai    the    old-mule    s-.aMe    was 

eo'Merted    -,nto    a    cvanide    annex.       Re  dw 1    tanks    wiili      lift. 

sta\-es  and  1' 1  f • .  ihanieter  \\erc  (M\iteil;  the  sump-iaiiks  were 
lar^^cr.  with  (i-it,  staves.  The  tailin;^  was  carried,  in  Imxcs  on  the 
hacks  of  f',-iii!i->  and  111  liaiiddiari-ows,  to  the  \  at  s.  CKanide  solutii/n 
was  tirst  itiiroduced  h\  upward  )ii  rcojation  throtii^h  a  talsr  liottoin, 
tile  stieceedini^  water-w  aslu  s  lieim,'  applied  troiii  ahoxe.  This 
was  tollowed  l.\-  ]ir(  cipitation  on  zinc  shaMiii^.  with  acid  trealtnetit 
lor  the  ziiu  'shorts.'  the  hulk  of  the  iifecipitate  hem-  carcfulK 
washed  and  milted  torthwith.  Tlu  hullion  thus  ohtained  was 
of  extraordiiiaiw  tiiicness  '.Mil)  to  tl.sd  without  the  Use  of  aiv 
nitre  in  the  meltint;.  This  was  oiu  of  the  lirst  successful  i\  anidc 
plants  111  Mexico.  With  oi,i\-  the  addition  o!  the  small  .  \  annlc 
])lant  just  descrihed.  the  inille  pan!  S  1  .011(1, DIMI  ill  dnideiids  uji  to 
Maw  l.S'.I.S,  hesides  iiieetinc  the  cost  (jf  various  installations. 
iiiclu(hn,t,'  part  of  the  l(H)-stainp  mill  taken  over  h\  the  Ivm^lish 
eunipati'.  ,  '.vhieli  now  cuntrols  tiu    piopvii;. 


rr.i  \!i>i:  i'r,\(  tk  i-,    ly  /,■/_  (,/,.,;    / 


1 1:. 


Fn^l, 


The    tii-M     KMI-Miniip    mill    wa.    .Irsi-n..!    un.Kr    -hr    Ila'-m- 


«■    iv,l;iiih-    anil    wa-^    ..nix-   rxprctcj    x,,   ,ru^li    4. -(in   t,,ii^    [kt 


Hionlh  thr..i,L,.l,  a  ti(l-„K  >1,  srr.rn  Wh,^,,  tl.r  ,in,|«.nv  was  ,,ur- 
cha-cl  l,v  il,,.  l-xpluratn.ii  C...  ,„  lv.(s,  tjii-,  mill  uas  tu,',  ,„■;  , ■,.„!- 
I''^'"""  '"  '"■  .''''■'v.l.  Th,'  slmu'-plam  x\a-~  a.Mv.l  m  l!l()c,  aftrr 
'!'■<■  pn-int  u..nij,an\  ha.l  1m,  n  turmr.l.  W.  K.  HrU\  lia.l  r,,,,- 
•  Uutr.i  a  srrifs  uf  r\|„-nmrnts  t..r  th,.  n.w  ..uiirr-,  ami  ,l..ul,lr 
tivaiincnt  was  1 1,,,,  ail.,pt,.l  lur  tl,.-  slmir-piam  :  n  was  unlv  makuiL^ 
thf  l.cst  of  r,,n.liii..ii>  as  ilir\^  wnv  (.unul;  Ik^ikv  t  hr  pil,  ',,(  si,,ivd 
tailiiii,'   now   alMuu    t,,   l„.    n--]  i-catcd. 

Tin-  -cmral  plan  ,A  irratmmt  was  as  f,,ll,,us;  F,-„„i  tli.^ 
sramp-hallrrv  liu-  pulp  pasM.l  ou-r  .npp,.,-  plaus  am!  was  xWu 
<liviilr,l,  l.v  spii;^kastrn.  mlu  \-„arsc  saii.l.'  'Iinr  san^T  an.l  ■sll^u^' 
I'ach  pn,.hu!  iT(vi\in-  imlui.lua!  tivaim.n!  Tlir  san.l  iimK-r- 
uvnr  .l.nil.lc  inatmmi .  m  SMini,  Afruan  ~\\W.n  was  lirst  rvam.K'.J 
ni  rnllrc-tm-  vats  ami  ih.n  ,lropp,.l  ,„,,,  .ars  whuh  ivninvr.l  n  to 
th.'  tivatmrnt  xals,  Th,-  slinv  was  .auL,'lit  m  a  srttlin-  vat  ami 
tlu'mv  uvm  to  thr  tivatni.iii  1,01,^..  wh,,-,'  it  was  a-ilatr.l  l,\-  ,rts 
ot  coin[.ivsM.l  air.  Aiut  tiTalnunt,  the  saml  was\l,-opp,.,|  ,„,,) 
cai-s  uniUM-nrath  thr  vai.  wl„l,.  ,],,  .i,„„,  „,„  Hushr.l  ou.  w.tli 
v.-atrr  111  the  oi-,li;iar\-  niantUT. 

In  the  mean  while  tlu'  eapaeitv  u\  t!,..  mm.'  -rew.  n.,!  ..nlv 
1a-  reason  of  i  lu-  ,liseo\>.rv  of  nrw  orel,o,lies.  l,nt  m.lireeth-  throimh 
the  eheapemn-  ot  op,.rai  1.  ms,  so  that  fun  her  eiilai-enieni  of  the 
null  l.eeame  pni.lent.  In  Mio:,  anorln^,-.  an.l  the  last,  a.l.litioii  to 
the  ivdueiion  plant  was  ,„a.le.  The  nev-  mill  of  1(H)  stamps. 
with  Its  iip-io.late  evam.ie  e.|uipnienl  ,  .litters  fr.jni  the  oM  ..nc 
m  ti\e  resp.-.'ts: 

1        Me.  hanieal  l-:an.lliiiL;  of  the  ore. 

-       11.  a\ier    si;mips, 

'■'<       ki'-,L,'rin.linL'   m   tul.e-mills. 

-1.      .M.'.haim-al   han.llin-  .,f  san.l   hv  .list  nl.m.  .rs.  exeavators 
an.l   helts, 

^.      Me.ham.al  aL;itati.,n   of  sl,nu    l,y   stirrers  an.l  eentnfuiial 


pumps. 


Ih.'   new  null   e.mtains    Kid  s,an,,„,  ,,.,,,,-,   „,iohin.,'    l.l.M)  II. 
t'l'hr.L^    |(l_'   ,mu-s   p,  r   immit,  .    with    a    (i-m.    .in.p,      Tlie   .lepth    ..f 
.iisehai-e   is  2^   to  .-{  m.   with  a  new    .he.  an.l   .'U   m     wl-n  »!-■  ,!,e 
is  w.,rn  .,,11.      Wov.n  hrass  uir.-senens  .,f  ;i.-  nush  aiv  use.l 


1, 
1, 


ii 


■  ;■  =  !  J 


X 


'— -j 


A: 


;<:. 


ikiWT 


V^*:t::"^fc::-::; 


cy  w/i'i-:  r/<.\(  ■/■/([■:   \r  /•;/. 


I 'A'"     /. 


1 1: 


liu'   a.vn„,,,a,u,n^  .l.aL^ram-    ,  F,^    |(i    ,lh,stratc- •  Ik-   ..nnr^s 

an.l  >p„.kaM.n  uhi.l,  M.,,aratc-  th.  carsrst  sa„,l  an,l  .crM  u 
"""■'^''"-"""^'■"■•■'->'-'n,ln,^.  Tiu-  fim.san.l  m.,,,  ih.Mann.s 
-■'"'■"irs  uuh  ,1,.  Mnnlav  ,,r,„lnr,  tn.n  ,  l,r  u,l„-„„IN  an,l  ,. 
Hcvaird  l.v  ilR.  rati-uiu.l  tu  ,1k-  >an, l-.-nlk-.nnL,'  va,.  \„v  <hmv 
V'"''    '"^'"    "^"^'   •■^''^'1"''    '""M'!-'-    M,,ara,„,n    an.l    a, v,,n,,,auu-s 

tin.  san.l,  .,v.T.ln„-.  ,n„n  ,lK-M-  va,s  an,l  passes  ,o  llK.  .l,„K-p!ant' 
jn,„,„,.   ^vul,    ,1k.    ,vs,    .„•   ,1„-,    ,,,,„lu.,    ,l,a,    has    l..„    H,n„na„-,1 

''■""'  ""■  ^^'"''  ''^'  "»■  >la-„K-rs.  TlH-  san.l  ,s  ,i,s,  nl,tu,.|  l,v  a 
n'V(.lv.n,L;  nKTl,a,i,s,„   ..f  ,i„,    m^„„,,,  ^y   ^,^,,,   ^..^^^        .,,,^^  _,^    __^- ^^^^ 

chemu-al   ,rra,nu-n,    ,„    ,  Ik-   san,l-,v.vu,-,-,   ,1„-   „l,-a   Ikmh^^  tn   k,,.,, 
'''","""■"■""■'■  "■'■'■  "■""'  >-^-a""'''  ^^1»I-'  Hl..,,,,^  a  (,nal  sq.aration 
•;'   ^'•'">'-  -■  a^  '"  ^.l    a  .Iran   ,,n„hu-,.      Th.-   wat.-r  an,]   sl,nu-  arc 
'Irawn  m„  il,n,u^,l,  ,^atcs  .„•  sl,.,s  ,,n  ,Ih-  s„!,.  ,,,■  ,];,  va-s-  thrs,.  ...irs 
a.v   rlnscl    l,v   a   n,il   „|   ,anvas  as  ,  h.    va,s   1,11.      Tl„-   san,l,  wlu-n 
thus  nnallv   ,v.,-,l   f,-,.,„   ,,,,   ,,„    ,,,,^.^,  ,^,   ^,_„,^,^  ^^  n,unv,,]   |,v   a 
Hla,s,l,.ll    .x.avatn,-    wh,.h    .h'nps    „     thnn.^h    a    .vntnil    up.-nnv^ 
"n,n    a     R,,l„„s    l.l,-.„„v,  v,,v       Th,.    n!a,s,l..ll    rxrava,,.-   ,s     hk^ 
a  rrvnlv,„;;  .hs.-lKuTnw  and  „  has  pn.u.l  a  nins,  Hh.i.n,  n,a.  !„nc 
It     usrs    r,,n,pa,-a,,vc-lv    1„,K.    ,„,^v,-^    an,l    w,.rks    sm.„„hlv      Th.- 
'"■''     ^"'i^>'-^'"-    'ak.-s    ,hr    san.i     ,o,n,ain,n,^    n<,^v    „nlv    irum     in 
'"  11',    n„„s,ur,-i  ,,,,1k-  ,,Ta,,nrn,   x-al .  wh,rh  ,s  f,.,]  hvanvohni- 
.lis,nl,u,,„-  ,,p,.ra,r,l    l,v   a    va,-,al,K-sp.v,l   n„„,„-,    ,1k-     c.-n,nfu.-.^ 
t'To-  hc-m.^r  ,,,  n-,^,ula!r,|  as  ,..  ,hr,,„-  ,1,,  san.l  t,,  the  s,.i,-s  ,„■  o  „,,v 
;'f    "'-    va;,    as    r,-,|u„v,l.      The-    duuvr    .s    -i^r,    ,.,ns,    .1,-v    w.„ht 
'""    ""''^^'"'^    "'    alten,a„-l\     „u-,l,un,    ,  (1, 1 '  ,  :    and     st,-,,,,-    ,ir"     , 
s..h„„m   a,v   uur,„h„.-.l,   s,x   ^-.u,-s  apart.      This   t.vatnunt   is   f,il- 
'""■'"'    ^'y    "■'    '''-    "'an    th„-,v    -ueak-    waslu-s,     sud,    a     h-n-thv 
"|H'val„m  lK-,nL;  sp,-r,a!lv  .l.s.^^n,-,!  ,,,  .-x,,-a.t  s,lv,-r       Tins,-  -uvak' 
washes  are  t,,ur  t,,  six  h,.ui-s  apart  an,l  ,,,niain  III,;;'  ,    KCv       i--.,,.], 
wash,.,  e.|ual  ,,,  1  .S  t,  ,ns  ,  ,f  s,  ,lut  i,  m .      Ain-r  t,va,  ,n.-nt.  ,h,-'   n-s„'hu- 
a.^'a.n    ns,n-   the-    Hla,s,U.ll   nia.hin,-.    wh,,  h   n„,v(-s  ,,„   rails    ,s  ,]is- 
rha,-.L;,-,l   nnt,.   a   e.nn,-v,,r   ihat    takes   it    to   the   ,iun,p.      Hen-  the 
.l.^t,-.l,u,„,n    ,,t    ta.hn.L,'    is    n  ,,ulate.l,    as    the   aeetnnulalinn    ,n.,.,,,-s 
hy  a  Inn^e.l  !K-h.,,nvevur  ,n  tu.,  U-nL;ths.  ,he  la^t  one  heinK  swung 
round  aee,,r,l,ng  to  the  e,,nl,,ur  ,.(■  tll(-  yi-,,-an,l. 

,,_'"";'"*••'''.','>■  I^m'issi.m  fr<,m  -The  Grin.lintf  r,f  Ore  \.v  T„t,o.\liu,   ^^.,  r-np'-'ir.  - 

Kl  Dr,,.  V^Vfr.  mMiiM  a  rletalli-ri  aLcuiml  (if  Iho  ryani.le  rr:u-iro  at 


F  'S 

fi 


IIS 


/\'/-,(  /-.A  7    ;  V.l  MDI:   ll<.\(  Th'F.. 


The  slinif  -ur-  I.,  a  .Mllctiii::  \at.  fn  .ill  '.\Iiirii  ilic  tliirk 
iiuid  1^  'Ifawii  .ilY  at  tin-  Ijnttiiiii  and  tlii-.iwn  into  our  .,t  tiir  irrat- 
mmt  \at-;  Tiir-r  an  twclxc  uf  \\u-m-.  catli  :U  ti  diaiii  and  1  _• 
"  'li''-I'  IliTc  it  1-  a-itait'd  with  a  pn.|MT  pmii.  .rtinii  ,,!'  ,  \-aiiidr 
Milutinii.  wliuli  H  mtroihui-i  -n!niltaiicMU<l\-,  ■'"In-  aii|>araiu-~ 
I'M-  >tirrin,v  mn^i^is  ,,f  i\\,,  Ion-  and  l\\'<  slmrt  amis  iiiailr  >A  nak 
li'iltrd  t'l  a  sti'cl  star.  'I'lif  oak  anus  arr  «<]]'] ;  tht-v  taprr  mn  'Aar<i 
tn.ni  a  ^rnss-ntinii  of  4  hy  (i  in.  \n  1  li\-  (  in  Tlir  tiiirk  rnd  i- 
iMiltrd  !.■  tlir  stvil  star,  whirli  is  -rt  on  a  \rniral  -hall  W'iur. 
till'  \-at  IS  (.-liav-rd.  Irad  a'datr  is  addrd  ininifdiatrlw  Tc-t- 
lia\-i.'  sluiwii  that  a  iH-iKluial  rtsuU  >n-urs  tort  Invith.  partii  iilarly 
as  i\':,'anls  the  dissuUnion  ot  thr  siKav, 

l.cad    salts    wii.n    .i^ldrd    in    t'\i  rss    t,,    the    cvai  hition, 

.L;i\i'  a  iMTi  ipitatf  ■■('  l.asir  Irad  ryaiiidc  Iml  wlini  prcsriil  in  mall 
lu-oportinn  the  irad  niiiaiiis  in  s..luti..n,  |irrsuniaMv  nwiii-  to  ihr 
fonnation  oi  an  alkaiinr  ].hiiii!.itr  .Kd'M)_..  l,y  iXMition  with  the 
caustii.'  alkali,  tlui- 


i'l.A.  ,         1K(  111         K  ,l'!o,, 


A.         .'II.O 


Mi'r(  urii'  rlil.  .ridr  is  sonutinu-s  i.-iii].h  i\  rd  lor  i  ho  ~.anif  piirpi  ise, 
lii-odiiriiiL;  a  rraotion  with  the  Kt  y  so  a^  to  loriii  a  sohiMo  douMe 
I'N'anidr.  t  liii-> 

ll;-;*:.    ■     IKCy        K.ll.L^ry,        _'K(d 

Thf  most  nsrftil  v\i<.v<  of  thrsr  soluMr  load  and  nicnniw 
coiiipoiiiids  is  the  i\'nio\al  in  the  fonn  of  insoluhlc  ii-S  and  I'l.S, 
of  any  soduhk'  sulithick's  that  would  otjurwis,-  fctard  the  solution 
of  s,'olil  and  sih  IT.  and  w  hit  h  may  f\  rii  re  prri.  ipitatr  siKa-r  already 
dissohi'd  : 

K  S    ■    K,il-('\  ,        ll-S         !KCv 
h-.S        K.1'1'').    ■    -Mi  J I        I'l.S         IKDli 

Till'  iloulilc  iiitTi  uni-iiotassiutii  iw'anidv  also  acts  as  a  sohaiit. 
attac'kins,'  i,'oM  inorc  vradilv  than  ^implr  \\V\  .  and  this  aciton  is 
indept'ildciit  of  tlir  prisoner  of  irw^^rii.  L;old  n  plai  Iiil;-  moi\  luw  ; 

Kdl-CA,   -   All        K,.\ii('v,    -    il-, 

Sih'fV  is  siniiharh'  dissoKa'd  ddirsr  rcartioiis  lia\r  Itch 
anipU'  \i'riticd.     'riir  aotion  of  nu'mii-io-potassium  i\anidr  on  ^old 

is  tlir  liasis  ,,f  patent   soured  li\^    l\eith  and   H 1,  the  latter  also 

claims   the  use  of  lead   as   faeilitatiilL.'   the  solwnt  cffi'et  ( jf  cwmide 


:  /. 


(  )\\\/l)l-:  l'l<.\(  Tit  !      \T  1:1.  nRo     I 


I  I!) 


.s..h.ti..n.  1),.  \V,Mr  !,.,s  a  ,,..,.,t  invKm:;  a.Miti.m  .,f  1,,.,! 
"^"'''  t"  'vannlr  .,,]„, i,,„.  Th.-r  r,  .mpnunH.  als..  inlhu^mv 
ITrnpnaliun  1  .nirtKial! v  if  tliry  rmiain  iii  tlir  snlmi..,,  up  u.  tl,r 
I-nit  -frntrnn-thrzinr  l„,x,  a^  n,  that  rasr  thr  k-a.l  aii^l  itictvurv 
'"■'■  I">'''!'i'^'t,'.l  nn  \\w  zinr.  tnniiiiiL;  ziiirlra.l  aiij  ;',nr-„icn  ury 
'""'■''"  "'  '''-''  •■''''"■.MH,,ti\r  lunv.  In  tlii^  liiv,  ,pitat)-ii  tlu' 
zmr  sinipiy  rhan.,vs  ,,huTS  wuli  tlir  mmurv  .  ,,■  Ira.l.  a-,  i.  ai-;.,  tin- 
eas,, wlirn  zinr  ,liaM,iv:  i-,  .lipp,.]  in  Ica.l  a.vtatr  solution 

Thr  rhai-r  ,,  i\u  ,nn->  nlrv  w.r^lit.  ..1  .litnr  thw  ,.  niixr,! 
v.ith  a  s(,hitiMn  HI  tiir  pn,p,,rt„,n  ,,|  _>i,  .,,h,,„,„  t-.  I  ,,t  .!,„„■  l,v 
^^<■l^ht,  Thr.uluti.m  r,.ntain>  0  O.V  ,  KCv'  Amtali.m  r,,n,nnu- 
I'M-  SIX  Ii,>ur>  'j'lu.  \-at  is  tlicn  till.M  until  liirrr  is  :ii,  ..f  s,,;.itiMn  \., 
1  "t  slime;  tins  IS  uvll  stiiTr.l  atnl  tllrn  allnw,.!  f.  srttlr  Srttlm- 
aii'l  .IrrantatiMU  r..nsuinrs  cn't  li,,ufs.  This  part  of  tlu'  pnT- 
(vss  ,s  hast.-nr.l  hv  the  Use  .,|  luiir.  whirl,  is  a.j.K-.l  m  ih.>  irr.j  nt 
the  tulir-nnlls, 

'l'li>'  li'iK'  has  two  luiu-tions.  ,,ne  .,t  them  clu'iniral.  the  .ith.T 
]'h>sieal.  Hv  xinu,-  ni  ,!„•  tifst  it  nrutraliz.s  the  s„lpbun,.  aei.l 
•""'  'l'v"tlip...es  the  feme  sulphate  enntaine.l  in  th,-  ,  .w .  an,l  ,lue 
t-  nxi.lation  Sueh  .xi-lattun  niav  have  ,,eeu,Te.l  in  parts, ,f  the 
l'"i''  '"'t'Te  It  was  nuned.  or  it  inav  h.ave  luen  .levelnpe,!  ],y  suh- 
se<|uen,    ,-nntaet    with   the  an'  in   its  passa-e  X-,  the  nfili  , -r  ."iurit... 


treatment .      The    Imii'    ser' 


m    this   wa>-   to   pn.teet    the   e\-ani,lt: 


"I  I"'tassium  e-  so.lium.  as  the  ease  mav  l,e.  In  sjakin-  the 
^''''•'"'"  "■^■'•l''  '•'"  '''!<'-  '!,.  water  f,  „,rm  the  hv,ln.x„le 
'Ca,()l[e,i  whi,l,  .liss,,!x-,s  in  waterto  the  extent  of  one  part  in  M)() 
I.HP.e  !S  preteraMe  |,,  eaustie  so.la,  for  this  partieular  purpose 
I'.rause  the  ealeium  earhnnat.-  is  insnluMe  in  wat.  r.  wlnle  the  sul- 
I'i'ate  ,s  l,ut  sl,,,d,t!y  sniuhle,  s, ,  that  thc-v  ,],,  n.,t  a,  eumnlate  in  the 
'■^■ani'le  solution,  as  is  the  ease  with  the  eorn-spon.lin-  so.jium 
salts  where  XaOIf  ,s  ,,.,,!  as  the  neut rali/.m-  a'.'ent.  Soluble 
>'n-l-',ates  are  also  pnMpilate.l  l,y  i,,  -eavin-  eaustie  alkali  in 
sulntioii,  thus: 

CO,    •    (\-oOile.    ^  CaCO.,  ,    H  .(), 
\a,rO,    ■    (a.OHi,,  .    CaCO,-  L'XaOlI. 

Hv  reas.m  o|  us  physi,,,!  |„„>,,on  m  the  mill.  linie  eoa^uilaos 
shim-,  so  as  to  eause  settling  -f  t  he  parlu  les.      The  etieet  .s  eomplex. 

li.ts  tilt-  w.irk  r,t  one  ii'ni!  .,f  kCi       Th«  ',\y..,^i  ^i      ■''^■'■^  '"  i'ractltc  iiKlit-U-mhs  ui"  Xae  v 


120 


A7-.(  i:\ I  (  )\\\n>i:  I'k'Ai  //(  /•:. 


Vur\]  (,f  till'  matrria!  (  la^sr.l  a-  -linu'  is  i.t  a  i-.,il'>i,l  nattirc  in.lrr.l 
slimr  lia>l.rrii  ^■iviilU  lalu'lr.la  ■,nlln.,|  li\-,lvat>.-.'  Surli  mat  tcr  wlim 
l'ri.u<4lit  iiiK.  (Miitart  with  |,,nT  watn-  l.n.mirs  aliimst  urlaliinuis. 
aii.l  tlu-iTr.iri'  itiipiTxions  t"  ^M|uti'>ii  Tlicrt-  urv  sc\cral  sul,. 
Mailers,  ii.ital.lv  alum.  an. Is,  M,a]i.  aii.l  Hmc.  wlijrli.  when  a.Me.l 
t"  the  tui-lii.l  water.  eaUM>  the  i;elatiii.ms  m.iiter  tn  ei..a,i,'ulate  or 
tl'ieeulale.  s,  I  as  to  prmlueea  ■-(■]  laral  mti  mtM,listinet  a.L,'),'li)nuTali(>Tis. 
l-"urtl)er.  mmute  partjeles  ot  ,,re.  whether  slimv  <.r  not,  if  siispen.le.l 
m  waler  ail<i  refusing;  to  ^ttle.  . level. .p  a  tell.leiiev  t.i  sul.-i.h' 
when  lime,  ahim.  ati.l  ..llier  -ul. stances  are  mtro.luee.l.      Alt  hou'^'h 

imiierteetly   uti.jerst 1.    these    rea.  tLni^   ar.-   um-<\   lar.-elv    li.ith   m 

metalhn'.jN'  aii.l  in  a^n.  ultnr.v 

The  slim.-  -■•ttle^  rapi.Uv;  within  two  minuti's  there  is  an  ineli 
o|  rlear  ixater.  This  ,lear  s..lii;i.in  i>  .  le.'.ante.l  ,aii.|  passes  to  the 
tiIter-\-al.  ilu'  liott..ni  .i|"  whi.'li  is  pn.xrle.l  with  tw..  or  three  feet 
ot  san.l  ..11  till'  t..p  ..f  Iiiiria;..  Tlii-  rem..\es  aii\-  reiiiaiiiiiiL;  tra.e 
ot  shine,  ileatiin-  the  s.iluii..ii  s, ,  that  it  is  lit  to  '^n  t.i  the  preeijuta- 
li.  .n-h.  .use 

Retiirnin.„'  to  the  t  reatmeiit-\  at  ;  tlu'  slime  remainiii'^  after 
(lecaiitation  uiLleri,'.  .,>  further  a-itati.  .n  The  \at  is  lille.l  with 
a  l)(i:i',  sr, Union  aii.l  agitation  ensu.'s  for  11  li..iirs.  Then  tolj.iw 
three  m.ire  sui-eessi\-e  washes.  The  \at  is  tln'ii  tille.l  tor  tli.'  hftli 
tune  ami  the  mixture  is  liirown  !i\-  a  reiitrifu-al  j.ump  into  a  .jeep 
Settlin,i,'-\-at.  I-"i\-e  ..f  tll.'  Ii-eatnieiit  .har-.'s  ^jo  t. ..  .tie  of  these  \-ats. 
of  which  there  are  six.  ea.h  l.ein.- _'()  ft ,  .leep  an.l  :',i  ft.  .liameter, 
with  a  lapaeitN-  of  -»,")()  t.)iis  The  siieeess!\-e  ehar,L;es  from  the 
treatment-\-at  are  f.  .1  into  ..ne  settIin,-\  at  until  it  is  full  ..f  slim.-, 
for  as  fast  as  the  s,,lmi..ii  ..gathers  ..ii  top  it  is  run  oft.  lust  sulfieient 
time  lieiii-  ,-i\-en  f.ir  elarilie.itioii.  This  elaritie.l  s.iluti.)!i  is  s.)  p...)f 
in  ^'.il.l  an.l  siKcr  that  j.re.  ipitati.>n  is  n.it  atteiniUe.i,  the  soluli.iti 
bciii',^'  use.l  as  the  tirst  ..f  the  washes  in  the  treatnient-vat . 

The  new  mill  eontaiiis  three  tuhe-mills  All  of  them  were 
ma.ie  l.y  Knii.p.  at  ICss,  n  The  X...  :;  mill  is  Iti  ft  .s  in  l.)nL,' 
with  :\  ft  II  in.  .ham  :  .\<i.  4  is  4  ft  II  m,  .iiain  ,  an-i  _':;  ft, 
!l  in  Ion,-,  wh.ile  \.,  .->  is  .,f  tlu  same  .liam.ter  as  the  last,  Iiut  L'ti 
ft  :•>  in  l..n'.:.  Tin-  sm;,!lest  .,f  ili,.  tul....'S  is  found  to  lio  nif.st  w.rk 
per  horsep.iwer  nipiire.!  In  Western  Australia  the  tuhes  or  .^'rit- 
niills  (as  they  are  often  ealle.li  have  ln-en  eut  .l.iwn  to  a  leiii,'tli  ..f 
l-'i  ft.,  hut  the  ore  at  Kal.s.;o. 'rlie  is  softer,  so  that  ^'rindini,'  i-^  tiK're 
fiui.  kl\     aeeoniphsheil    than  at     El    Oro.      The    time    roquire.l    is 


(  )\\\/i>i-:  /'KAi  T/cr-:  at  el  drd    /, 


121 


'it'l-niiinr.]  .luT.tlv  !.vthrlKinimss.,t  the  rn,k.  U,t  \\w  nw  is  U',|  at 

thf   upjKi-  i:.,i  aii.l  iiKik.s  its  r\it  a!   the  luucr,  thr.ni,:;!]  a  Mricii. 

Of  thf  tlirrc  typrs.,itnhr-niills.  thr  Ahl.r  can  !„■  tillr.i"  n.on-  tlian 

halt  lull;  this  ranimt  1,,'  ,1.„U'  with  t  hr  Knipp  mill  hecausc  it  both 

hlN  ami  .hsihari;,'s  at  the  .■.utiv.      Tin-  Davidsrn  lias  rcntral  feed 

hut    prnplKTal   (lisJiar-r.    ■■vhilr  in   the  Ahhr   mill   this  is  tvvrrscl. 

Ihr    Icr.l    1,,'in-    i.cnpli.'val    an.l    the    .lisiliarur    .cntral,      Tlir    last 

mnitiMin-.l   is   huilt    in   s.vtions   arid    the   .InxiiiL;   is   .Iniic  on   tires 

and  l.v  -ca-.  which  rinlr  thr  exterior  of  the  shell,  lik,.  a    Hruckncr 

turnarr.      The  Krupp  iuIm.  is  ,,,adc  .,t  wmn^lu-irun  sluvts,  wc-ldcd; 

It    runsun  trunnions  placed  at  one  end,  so  that   the  shell  does  nr.t 

eonie  into  pla;,   as  re-ards  the  drniii.i,'  of  the  ni;i(  hine 

I  he  linin.i;  of  tul,e-mills  is  an  imi-orlant  matter       Chilled  cast- 

ii-<.n,  lioih  that  imported  ironi   Krupp's  works  and  that   made  l,y 

l-;i  Oro  companv  itself.   l,as  ;,..en  tri,-d.  the  latter  .ostin-  onedialf 

the    former    and    -i\in.-    e,|ual    wear    wei-ht  ^for- weii^-lit        Krup]  's 

Imine   IS   from    T   to  ,,ne  inch   thick.    i-I   On,  linin,-  is    |i    in.   tliie  :. 

Xevertheless.    it     is    tile    intention    of    the    maila-el-    to    sul.stilute 

silex.   a  natur.-il   (lint    with   chai-a.-t.^ristie  conehoidal   fracture,  it   is 

whittled   i„.o  ^hape  j„  (lennany  l.efore  shipment.  arriNin-  in  sec- 

tinns  -11  in    thi.  k,   1  m,  wide,  and  (i  in.  Ion.-.      The  pc  l,h!es\.hat  do 

the  .-nndin.i;  come  ironi  the  coast  of  Denmark.      Tluv  varv  in  size 

trom  th.it  of  an  ,--  to  that  of  a  tist,  the  axera-e  JKini,'  ahout  three 

incites  m  .iiameter.      Thev  wear  well,  (i  11, .  of  pehl.les  l,ein-  abraded 

durin.i,'  the  .-rindm.-  oi  one  ton  of  sand:  the  consumption  of  linin- 

iKin.e  1,(1  ih.      An  att.'mpt  is  hein- made  to  select  sonic. ,f  the  (lintv 

quartz,  su.  h  as  ,,ecurs  m   the  low-.,M-ade  ore  of  the  mine.   u>  .serve 

as  -rmdm-  material.      This  seems  wise:  if  the  hard  porti.nis  of  the 

"re  can  oe  used  to  ■,M-ind  the  soft,  the  econom\-  is  obvious. 

At   the  time  ..f  my  visit,   Xo,  :{  tube  was  bem.-  driven  at   the 

VAW  ot  :;i  rev,  per  mm.,  while  Xo.  4  an,l  Xo,  T.  made  _>!l  revolutions 

The  dutv  of  the  indivi.lual   tube-mills  ,annot   be  stated:    172  tons 

"t    the   coarsest    sand    from    tlie   new    100  stamp   mill    is   t-e-L;roun(l 

trom   :;.-,  t,,    l.-,0-mesh.  or  tiner,   bv  the  three  tubes.      In  additi..n. 

N.-)  tons  per  day  .,1  ih.e  coarsest  of  the  40-mesh  sand  eomin.'  from 

the  oi,l    IllO-stamp  mill  ,s  reduced  to  the  satne  condition,  makni^ 

the  total  work  of  the  three  tulies  2.")7  tons. 

The  tube-mills  ijet  everythin.t;  ab,,ve    l.-,0  mesh,   as  sejiarated 

hv  rone  ,t-4c-;H.  ^.1  :,,j.        '!■'. ;.--    ■      .  ■      ,  ._- 

_• I. .<'■.,       .,,,    ..,,,,  ]>  lo  J4M1IU   to    i.)ii  mesn  and  tins 

•R"l.<Ti  M.  K:.y,„„n.I    i,,  uh,,m  I  .im  ,„.l,>.u-.l  l„r  much  viiluaMo  inf.,rn,ai..m 


'4 


12-' 


KlA   l:\  I    (    )     W/lij:    ri<  l(    //;   h^ 


i>  .•irri.iiiiilishcd  as  tu'aiix-  as  ihr  <ai>a<ily  cf  tlic  plant  will  piTniit. 
.\n\  M\,r^i/r  is  rrtunicl  as  alrca'lx  .l<s(  ril.r.i  t,,r  iv  -nnrlini,', 
l"lif  i-\-ani.lr  ivrannnil  i-,  l.a^r.l  .  .n  inakin-  a  pi-.i^iirt  ^i  ,an.l  as 
nvarly  loO-imsli  a^  p,,>s;!,i,.,  while  ti,,.  _Mi()-,iu>li  ami  tiiuT  arc 
treated  as  slinic.  Tlli■^  iuIm mill  jMailiK'  has  stia.lilx  ijaiiic.l  jti 
iinpurtaiur,  tlir  t.'ii,l(iu\  Ikiiil'  ti.  treat  a  lar-cr  pf  ipc  m-hmii  .,|  the 
pruduit  lf<iiii  the  stamps  and  ti.  ati-im  iit  tlnir  rrushin.L,'  rapaiilv. 
wliilociilaririn.i,' tluMvaiiidfaiiiux  This  is  a  pn.pcr  wav  of  iiicftint,' 
the  nceessiiiis  n|'  a  niiin-.ihr  ..utput  "f  whi.h  iiirreases  in  tniinai^'f 
as  tin-  L;radi'  dcelinrs. 


(.'v.wiDi-:  i'( )is( txixc 


*In  rases  of  poisoiiin;,',  cvi-rx  t  liiiiL;  iK|k  n.N  ,,n  piMiiiiiI  ai  ti..n, 
for  tho  cIiaiHi'  of  rfo>\vry  is  fxtrcnu'ly  small  altir  tin-  l,i|.><-  n\  a 
very  ffw  minutes  if  a  fatal  ,]<><.•.■  has  l,ccn  taken  (hyr  piiN.-i, 
shoiilcj  1„.  ,li>,],at(li(.l  |(,r  the  iiearot  inc.li.al  a-M^taiKv  that  is 
aeailahle,  Imt  no  delay  in  tnatinent  -IkiuIiI  !„•  inrniitti  .1  to  occur 
on  this  aieouiit.  The  lirsi  ,aiv  must  1„.  t,,  ueulrali/,  ih--  rapid 
pi'iM.n  l.y  the  anthill.,  and  thru  to  cmpie  an.l  wash  nut  l!i.- 
stomaeh    as   s,h,ii    and      as   eompleteh    as   possil.lr 

The  aiitidntr  ,.,nsi.is  of  two  solution,  scaled  uji  in  hotths. 
and  a  s,.al,d  powder.  Thr  t w. i  sohitmns  are  to  l.<'  first  nn'x.'d 
to,i;ether  ni  tile  tin  vessel  in  which  tlu'V  arc  parked,  \,\  I.r.akm- 
off  the  sealed  ends  of  the  bottles.  The  tuh.  rontamniL;  tile  pon- 
der is  also  to  1„.  l.rokrii  and  the  wIim],.  of  the  jH.uder  added  to  the 
mixture  and  the  dosr  is  |.,  !„■  administrr.d  as  s,„„t  as  ,  an  po,,s- 
ilily  I.e  done.  If  thr  paiirnt  is  siiH  r,,nsri,,u.  h,.  must  drink  the 
antidoir  at  onee  witlMui  \'.aitin-  for  the  uiscrtinn  of  the  si.nnaeh 
tuhe,  hut  if  not  rMnsiiMUs.  .,r  iiMt  r.s|„  nisiMr,  then  a  small  ;.;a,-  must 
lie  hrml>-  inserted  iMtuivn  Ins  trrtli,  s,,  as  to  pn-wn;  il,r  stoma,  h 
tul.e  from  h.-in-  Mtt-n  ..ft.  and  tin-  tui.e  is  tlic'ii  lo  I,,,  passe.l  down 
his  throat  and  into  his  siornaeli.  The  antidote  is  to  1,,-  poure.l 
down   thr  tulie.  and   is  tlini   to  !„■  foHowc'd   I,-,-  sonie  water. 

1;.  an_\-  ease,  either  Kelore  or  after  the  antidote  has  l.eeii  taken. 
Ih.  stomaeh  tulie  is  to  1,,.  i-s.-rted.  and  al.out  hall  a  pint  o|  water 
Is  to  l,e  i„,ure.l  dow!i  11,  the  palieni  hein-  placed  in  a  reclining- 
position,  a  little  raised  ''--om  the  around  The  insertion  oi  the  tuhc 
may  j.roduee  N-omiiin-:  this.  !i,,w,Acr.  is  cntirel\-  fa\oraMe  to 
the  course  of  the  Ir.-atnieiu  When  the  last  of  the  water  is  placed 
in  the  funnel,  and  l.,-fore  it  has  all  de-eendcd  into  the  tul.e,  tlie 
fiinnel  en. I  ..f  the  latter  is  to  l,c  l<,wcrc.|  s. .  as  t<.  cause  the  tul.e 
to  aet  as  a  sx'phon.  and  the  st,,ma.ii  .■mpti.-.l  as  much  as  j.ossihle 
of  its  contents.  I"iv,h  \witer  is  t..  I,e  potuvd  d<.wn  the  tul.e.  an.l 
the  stomach  aijain  .•mpti.'.l.  and  this  is  t<i  I.e  r.'peat.'d  sc\  cral 
times,  s..  as  to  thor..uLrlily  wash  <.ut  tlu-  stotiiach.  When  this 
lia<  l.eeii  lion.',  the  tul.e  .  .-(ii  !,,■  wit  h.dr.-iwn 

It    the   luhc   lie   not   at    hand,   every   cndca\.>r  must    ho  made 

•From  the  Mrnlkh    hi,'-..,!  nf  the  eh,i.nl.tT  .,f  Mm.-    Wcmitii  .\uMniha. 


I  J 


A7-,(  /-.A  /    Ml  \//V-.    r/<.\.    //(  /, 


t'<  ill. luce  \i>niitinv;  ;iftrr  tlu  ;i>liiiiiiiM  ration  ..(  the  ,,nip!oH..  while 
•"'  "1^'"'  ^''I'ii'^'V'T  nniM  l.r  nia.lr  t..  ,  ;,um  i1„.  paiunt  v,  swallow 
"""■'  "'  '''•■■  ."111. lot,,  l.tiurrti  the  im,r\als  <>\  vmnitini;,  it  thf 
a.hniinstratinti    !„■   not    a!r,  a.lv   aii.l    .  ■  .iiii,l,  trlv    Tiia.l, 

Vemitinu  ;iia\'  1,.  in. hi.,. I  ],y  „n  ,ni.iir.  hkc  iini>tar.l,  .,r 
l.v  II.  kliil-  111,.  I,a.  k  ..t  tlir  Ilin.at  unli  a  >  Iran  l.-al!„r.  ,„•  a  ],u;  v 
nl  rlran  iii.lia  nil.l.rr  •  il.r,  ,,r  thr  lin-rr.  All  ami.!.,  .niantitv 
i>\  warm  wal.r  sli..iil'i  !„■  swallowi-.i  ami  \otiiitc.l.  -..  a.  !.,  v.a>ii 
'""  ""■  -'"'"•"li  ■'-  m  ilic  previous  case.  SIluiM  .,\arni  watrr 
""'   l'^'  ;"   I'^iii'l.  ".I'l   "atiT  may  l.c  cmplnvnl  m  it,  [,!,,..■ 

As  M.i.n  a-  thr  stomach  has  l.c,-ii  satislact.inh-  riii],ti,.,l  aii.l 
washc.l.  an. I  th.-  si,,ma(h  till..-  a  it  h.lrauii.  strps  shMuLl  I„  taken 
t"  l.rinL:  ali..nt  artilhial  ivs|,irati.  .n  Sh..ul.l  the  pali.nt  app.'ar 
'"  '"■  '"  ■'  ^'■"''  "'  '"11.11. sr.  an. I  his  h.-ratliiiiL;  iia\r  .,as,.,i  t.,  he 
n..ti.eal.le.  the  ap|.lirali.,n  of  sm..llin,L;  salts  ,,r  nf  amm..nia  t..  his 
ti.'stnls  ma\-  itselt"  in.lud.  hreat  liim'  ai;ain:  hut  if  this  ]„■  n,,t  im- 
me.liateh-  sueeesstuh  the  patient  s!i,,u|,|  i„.  ,,-,.ate,l  as  1,  ,l,,ne 
ill    eases    (if    partial    .!n.wiiin..^r    ,,r    sullneath  .ii, 

Me.lieal  assis-iaiiee  sjicnhl  hy  this  tinu'  ha\-e  arri\e.l:  imlee.l. 
il^  tlu'  ].atiem  he  .< -nsei- ,us,  there  is  n.e.v  -feat  h..pe  that  the  w.irst 
etliets  (.t  the  puis..ii  will  ha\e  passed  .,11".  part  ieularle  it  the  .k  tails 
of  the  treatm.nt  liaxe  h.vii  all  earrie.l  .,ut,  h.r  eyaiii.le  p..isunim^ 
is   usually    fatal    within    tweiile    niimiles. 

'I'he  paeka-e  for  tivattiieiit  sh.,ul.l  e. insist  ,,f  a  tin  xessel 
Willi    li.l.    in    whieh    are    jiaeke.l: 

(al  A  hermeti.allx-  seale.l  h,,ttle.  e.mtainin-  71  -rams  (,t 
ferrous  sulphate  .liss(il\e.l   in   :;n  e  r     water,  an.l 

lie  A  hermeiieall\-  srale.l  hottle.  e.mtainiii.L:  11  ..:rams  of 
eaustie   so.I.t   ilissohe.l    in    .iDI)  e.e.    wattr:   an.l 

"■'  -^  'I'l't'  eontainin^'  t ',\o  -rains  ..f  ma-iiesia. 
There  ^h..ul.l  he  als.,  a  -a.,'  for  the  puipose  of  ..peiiin-  the 
elenehe.i  mouth  of  an  uiie.  .n- ei. .us  pers,,,,.  an.i  a  stoina>  h  luhe. 
that  ean  he  jiasse,]  throu,i.;h  the  i^.a.^  an.l  .lown  into  the  (ies.  .pha^us 
into  the  jiatient's  stoniaeh.  This  is  vrrv  ease  t.)  elieet ,  hut  sev- 
eral persons  in  ehan^'e  of  the  phmt  sliouhl  i-eeeivL'  instruetions 
from  Ilie  nearest  inedieal  numast..  how  to  insert  a  stomaeh  tuhe  so 
th.-.t  they  niav  know  how  to  usi.  it  sh.ouhi  oeeasi,,n  at  an\- tinn  arise. 
The   apparatus  sh..ul.l   luwer  he  all.  .■■.  e.l   to   he   remo\e.l   from 

its    plaee      1.111    :!!"'a\-S    ke!,t    e-imiilrt:-    j!e;!    v.-:;l--    (..-.■     .-.:    .... 

It    IS   a.hisahle   t..   keep   it    in   duplicate,    in   pn.nnment !y   marked 
jiositioiis   in    till-   works. 


(■\A.\i[)i';  I'kACTici-  AT  i:l  oRo    II 

li-i     T     A.    Kh   KAKIi 
(Octot«r  I).  lIMXij 

A  f.'u  sratlcrrd  Tint,  ,  on  H'  On.  null  ui.t.  I.r  wunli  iTi-cnlinK. 
Till-  linli-,  ,,t  ilir  i,.illrr\  irain.  s  air  c(.ii|.l,i|  l,v  \v;i>licr>.  tlifsc  aro 
'■'  '"  III  in  I'lti,:.'  and  Iimmi  •_>!  !,,  ;;  ni  uidr:  ili,\-  connect  two  l.nim 
•^'"'  I'"'''  'Ik'h  'inn  If  mic  -ct-^  louse,  the  (jtluT  lioM^  ,,  in  -np 
aii'l    ]ivr\cnt^    nio\ciiii'ni , 

The  mii.lc-^  an    inaiK    at   tin    conipaiu 's  lonn.lr\  .  of  cast  iron; 

instead     of    Lem-     ,erIlon,,l     \MI1i     IhiU^,     the\-     are     one     -ohd     ,„ecc. 

Kach  siainii  ha-,  its  own  -ni-le  and  a  nL;hl-an-le  jilaie,  lo  Keep  it 
in  lii-oper  place  and  Imc,  The  wear  is  sli-lii  and  therefore  the 
stamp  work^  sniooihlv:  there  i-,  less  lieatin-  than  uitli  wooden 
Kiii'les 

The  mortar  w  a  de\-elopmciil  of  the  aiiMlddock,  Tin-  i-  an 
fxcellent  mode  of  const  met  ion .  if  properl\-  done.  I  know  of 
one  tase-  not  m  Mexico  where  tronhle  was  caused  1,\-  tj,,  ansil- 
M'xk  l.em.;  .onsirnclcd  so  that  it  did  not  rest  perfectle  true  on 
the  cement  foundati.,n.  t.i  remed\-  this  it  was  the  custom  to  shim 
the  concnte  block  wuh  a  little  cement;  when  this  last  hroke  and 
crunil.lid,  there  was  a  movement  of  the  nmrtar  itself.  At  IdOro. 
tlu'  niorlard.lock  is  made  extra  heavv.  comhimn- to  s,  ,nie  extent 
the  an\-il  in  itself,  with  a  l.ase  three  feet  wide  ami  a  !ioii,,ni  1 1?  m. 
thick;  this  is  j. laced  npon  a  concrete  foundation,  with  ,i  ],ieee  of 
f|iiarter  inch  rtd. her  hell  hetween. 

At  l-d  Oro,  cones  are  suiierior  to  spitzkasten;  the  si/.m-^  tests 
haw  i.rovi-d  this  ahundantlx",  the  separation  l,v  the  cones  l.eing 
mtuh  sharjier.  The  circulation  and  a,-itation  of  slime  are  aitled 
h.\-  six  i)umiis  which  an'  the  Mutters  modification  of  the  C.wvnne 
pump,  such  as  is  ustd  in  tlie  London  dock-vards.  Thev  are  of  the 
i.entnfu,L;al  tvpe;  compressed  air  is  introduced  to  etfect  aeration 
of  the  solution.  The  chii  f  advanta-e  of  the  Hutters  moditication 
is  that  all  wcarm.i,'  parts  are  rea-hlv  rem..\al.le.  Each  i^unip 
makes  KHMU  rev.  per  m.ci.  and  in  that  period  handles  Ak  tons 
{'i\  tons  heine  solution  1  of  slime. 

The   \ats  are  all  made  <>f    stei  !   tjI:!!;  ■;     ■'        -^    ^]-.-..'..-  :,!,... 

with  }-in,  bottoms.       Redwood  laid  down  at  El  Oro  comes  to  the 


ii 


i. 


II 


I2({ 


Rf':(f-:\  I  I  ]   I  \ //'/•,  I'K  \,  1 1(  r 


sanu-  cost,  Imt  tlio  sti'il  i>  nii>rc  durahlf  ami  maki-s  a  tij^'htrr  vat 
in  the  rliiiiati'  of  iintral  Mcxiro  Tlif  vat  iIol-s  nut  ilrv  if  imptv, 
tlirn'  arr  no  stavvs  ti>  clu'i'k.  .iii'l  iki  alisorptiun  of  solution 

In  tlu'  prt'iijiiiation  Iioum  .  tluri'  is  us.'d  a  dcviix'  introiliuvil 
in.l.i«ncltntl\  l.v  \V  K.  Hitty  in  Soutli  Afri.a  an.1  l.v  Alt'r'd 
I'  Mam  at  I-^l  Oin .  I  refor  to  a  ilr<i|i-ilnp  nt  K('\  I'-'l',  ■miIuimm 
o\ir  till-  luad  ti)nii)ai-iiiuiit  of  I'aih  zinc-hox  that  is  pronintaimi,' 
from  tlif  weakest  solution  nanulv.  that  loniinj,'  from  the  trcatnicnt 
of  sliniv.  This  itri|i  inakis  the  zim-  more  aetive,  so  that  a  pa-- 
eipitation  of  (ireiious  nutal  is  ohtaincd  in  a  manner  usuallv  un- 
attainahle  from  sd  weak  a  solution,  that  is.  (ine  containini,' 
only      ()()•_",      K(  .Still       weaker       solutions       an-       sueeess- 

fullx-  prveipitaled  in  \\  iueh  the  quant  it  \-  of  KC'y  is  so  small  as  not 
to  1k'  detected  liv  tin-  ordinarv  silver  nitrate  test. 

The  method  of  dippiu};  the  zinr  -havin;,'  in  lead  aeet.iii  ,o 
aid  preeipitatiim  I  is  not  emploved  at  Kl  Oro  U-eause  lead  aeetate 
is  u.sed  at  am.thr  stai^'e  of  the  process,  as  already  exi)lained. 
Zinc  fume  was  tried.  I.tu  it  was  ineffective  with  smh  weak  sMlutiuns. 
(ireat  care  is  taken  witii  the  zinc  shavinj,'.  to  cut  it  in  thin  tmt 
touijh  filaments,  not  so  crinkly  ar.  .  hreaK  •  asi'v  in  h.-inillins,'. 
The  shavinji  is  laid  in  the  l.oxes  most  larefullv,  so  as  to 
avoid  any  tendency  to  chamu-liiv.,'.  The  \'.]  Ovn  plant 
i.s  the  only  one  of  its  sizt'  wlure  ai  id  ti-iatiiunt  i-.  not 
used.  From  the  boxes  the  /.im  is  .,  m  ilirouL;li  launders. 
to  lie  carefullv  sere<'ned.  while  it  i-  also  !«  hil;  washed  with  fresh 
water  Tlu  n  it  is  puinpt  d  into  i  wo  lllter-presses  until  thi\  are 
full,  tlu  char.i,'e  lieiivi;  i'(|ui\  aleiit  to  p.i.iKio  ,,7.  of  !,uI1ioik  The 
effluent  solution  is  i\  turned  to  t!ic  sunip.  tlu  vakcs  m  \\u-  press 
are  washe(|  an  1  tlu  11  dried  l.y  steam,  the  sieain  lieatuv^  the  iron, 
of  the  frani"  suftiiiently  to  dry  the  cake  nisid-  ,  The  r.dsVs  are 
driid  to  such  a  c<insistence  as  will  facilitate  ihixini,'  l.efoiv  l.n- 
iluettiiiLr;  tlie\  fall  into  a  car  and  are  then  mixed  with  tlie  tlu\(  s 
neecUd  tor  iiieltin.ij:  the  mixture  is  fed  into  ,1  1  iri(|iu  ttim;  macliine, 
makiiiLf  round  hrieks  :i\  in.  thick  with  :>  in.  ihaiii  Tlus,.  are 
driei!  I. (  tore  heim;  thrown  into  1  hf  nultiiT.^'  ]i.)t.  from  whieh  hars 
of  1.01)1)  (,/:,  art'  cast.  The  .Me.\icaii  workuu'ii  are  comiielled  to 
remove  tluir  clothes  aftei  work,  hefore  passiiy^  to  the  outer  room. 
Tlu-  I'l-ecipitatioii  niom  has  a  cemmt  tloor  and  tlie  furnace  lias  a 
dust -cliainlier. 


(  r,i.\  //'/■.  /'A'  \(  I  /t  /■    1  /  /  /,  ( I/O  I    II 


I. '7 


Till-  .li-\tli.].nic  ni  ..t  niilliii'.:  .it  i;i  Om  niiphaMZi'S  the  ivla- 
tiw  imjtortaiuf  nt  the  ivannk  anm  x  m  tlii'  ni(.<lt  rn  wvt  tivatmcnt 
of  iiri'iious-niital  on';  tlu-  anmx  to  tlic  n.w  tnill  rc.|uin'l  an  ix- 
I"  n.linin  ,1  linlr  oviT  twici'  thf  .ost  cf  \\w  n.u-  HHI-Mainp  mili 
"^'11  Till-  tin.liiiiA-  I,  In  iinTcasf  tlir  pcnvntaKt.'  that  i>  iv- 
K""i'i'l.  till  ptitniiiiii  Ml  till-  I'Xtraciion  Liin^'  clDsiMy  ilfiiTiiiinrtl 
ti\  tlif  liiu'tU'ss  (it  i<iiiiniiiiiiti(iii.  At  tlif  iiiiii  Mt  my  \iMt  iiii 
aim  \va>  t<i  make  two  priHluits;  saml.  as  mar  l.'O-iiusli  as  i.ossiMr 
(anil  a  iki  rtasini,'  )KT(cntaKc  fvcn  of  that  i  ami  slime,  that  is, 
all  licjow  ■JiMi  iiir.h  Ot  .(inrsr,  ihr  -anii.tv.-n  u  lun  ri-uruuml, 
is  ilitlfniii  In. Ill  111,  ,  la\  ili>pitc  i'(|ualit>  in  M/.r  of  particlrs; 
the  Kiaiii--  III  ^.-iiiil'  air  shavp  as  against  those  of  a  mml  islime) 
rniilriv.l  iiiipalpaMr  l.\  al.M  ii.  i  ,,i  .harp  nlwi.s,  -S.-iiiir  ho\v- 
'"•'■'■  'I'l'.  Ill''  '•'-  "ell.  u  111  Ir  ■-liiiir'  \M  11  imi  iiliir  at  all;  11  pai  k-  liki 
kI'Iiv  'hi  III,,  niliir  haml.  1,\  a'asim  ol  llie  r,  lati\il\-  lav.;'  i  -iiria,  ,■ 
lUX'seiiteil  l.\  niimite  i,arli,l,s.  ,  heiiiu  al  ailimi  mi  ih,'  pn.nnis 
metals  is  aliiiiisi  iii-laiilaiunu-  I!m\\  ne<  essav\  r,  ;^riii^linL;  i->, 
was  sln.uii  1,\  a  -mipl,.  rxp,  run,  n;  iiiail,'  l.\  .Mr  S  11  I'earre. 
Saml.  alter  i.riliiiars  e-.aiiuli  i  n-al  iiieiii  ai  ihe  ,,1,1  null,  w  luTe 
there  is  no  le-.unniliii-.  w  a-  'IissmKi.I  m  ,,,^„,,  nxii.  liut  ihe  purple 
■I  Ca  sills'  ti..,t,  wiiJ!  -•  i-moiis  ihlor^K  ,  ,ja\v  m,  prenpitate  what- 
e\-er,  the  Uol.l  l.eiiiL;  effe,  li\el\-  1,.,  k,'l  will, in  ihe  ^'fains  ,  ,t  -ami. 
The  assae  ,,|  ih,  san.l  -.ive  S-\  :.[\  p,  r  mn.  Hem-'  the  lu  .,|  Mr 
re-i;rin,lini;. 

The  aeeiimpan\in-  reennl  of  u-si-,  will  pr„\,.  inniv-t i---  lu 
those  en,L;ai,'e,l  m  ,\ani,le  uurk.  l.ookiiiL,'  at  Fi-  1  1 ,  it  uiH  !„ 
""''■'1  'li'''  l'i>'  le^iinl  explains  ihe  -raphu-  repiT,,  iil  atmn  ,,f 
two  M/m-  le.is,  Al  tile  inn,-  ,,|  these  test>,  a  _'tin  ,  hu,k-l,l,i.-k 
was  iiMil,  hill  It  was  t,,,,  low  to  have  nuieh  I'fleet  on  the  ■le-ree 
ol  tlllelless  of  111,,  pp.iluil;  .lunn:.,'  the  lesl  the  slaniI.-,li>,harL;e 
was  as  ilirouL;h  L's  nie>h,  L'mler  t]ie>e  ,'on,iin,,ns  the  hiaij  on 
till'  tuhe-inills  ami  , .n  the  plant  tiei'am,-  too  liea\\  .  s,j  ihai  limT 
sen  ens  w,'iv  sul.siiuii,.,l  vli,,ri|\^  ath-rwanl.  In  the  .lia^rain  (taken 
troni  the  paper  |i\  Ca.lani  ami  Murl.  alre;i,l\  iiuntioneiii  the 
onlinates  represent  the  si/,-  ,,t  th,-  >ereen  an,l  the  aliseissae  the 
1  ereenla-e  nlaniiil  on  >  aeh  i>f  the  -.ere,.,,^,  he  leueml      TIh'o' 

_'."(!  mesh"  .Nhoniil  n-a,l  "thnmoh  _'ltl)  nie.-h." 

The  use  ot  the  icrin  samhimlex.  to  he  -een  m  Ihe  noi,.  appear- 
■■■>  ■■■■  ■'■•■■■  ■".;,^:"::..  r.  .-jinr^  s  ,  :\|  .i.iiiai  m 'ii.  iaiiani  aivi  i'.urt 
t-mplov-    it.   anil    it    represents   one    of   ih,.    niosi    valuahle    features 


m 


Jfr'n"* 


r'-'-'-L-T— r 

vt-T"'"  -c  ,"^I 

,[,. -y. 

■■■I    .■■■•■' 

1  i 

-^ 

>-i— ;r.>'l  ■. 

k 

'^  -.' 

c 

u 
ti. 


(  ).\.\i/'i-:  I'Ku  Til  /■;  .\r  /■;/.  oi<n    //  u,, 

of    then-    ;,ai.,T.      Tlic     pr.,l,l,ni     was    xhv     |-,,ll,nvini,'.      ( Wwn     two 
sands  of  thu  1<j11(hviii),'  aiial\sis: 

.,     ,  <in-'(l        On  4U  (In   1(111  i  m  .'on  Tim  ii-li    ■11(1 

.Mesh  I  I  ■  ,  ,  .  ^ 

,  ,  '  I  .  I  ■■rshnu' 

U  liH-h  ot  iln-sc  two  sail. is  is  the  (inrst  ?■  C';..'iaiii  aiiswrrs 
tlK'  'lUr-tiMii  from  tile  cHMiioiiiir  iMum  ,,f  Mcw,  thus.  It  IS  icsirrd 
tu  know  tlir  linntcss  of  a  sand  f.ir  the  v  .i><,u  that  the  limTthc  sand, 
till-  iR'ttcr  thi'  rxti-a.tiun  .ihtaimd  Tli.rrfov,.  ,i,^.  niaxiimmi 
possible'  rxtrartion  ..n  a  sai,d  of  n^jvm  composition  ;>  ,;  niiiuhfr 
pn,p,>iii,>u.i!  to  its  juuiirss.  rousiJcirJ  jrom  an  t\oiioii:i.  .-tanj f^.u'iit. 
As  at  Kl  OiM  one  ran  ,;  f^iiori  ,  alrulatc  t-xactlv  ihi,'  cxti-actK.n 
Ir-m  a  san.l  wiirn  ;i  sizm-  tc^t  ha-  l.rcn  made,  th.'ivfur,.  ,,:,.  ,-an 
caK-ulai.'  thr  m.lrx  an<l  ivprcscnt  ihnvhv  with  one  numlK-r  wluit 
WMuld  ..th.Tv.-isv  haNv  to  1,(-  indicatv-d  l,v  a  tal.ulatmn  .■.msistm- 
"i  1  1  mini],,  rs.  In  the  rxanipl(.'s  f|uotfd  at  thr  hc-mnm-  ..f  the 
pai-a-raph.  thr  sccuid  sand  is  imrr  than  thr  lirst.  ahlmu.u'li  il 
i-iintaiii-    k'ss    shine. 

KICl'ckTdF  <\  AMDIC  I  )|;i'.\  RIA' K\T   Si:  PTI;m  KP  k  ,  I'Mi^. 

.M'I.L    Nil.     1  . 

•  i.ilil  Sll\-rr 

•\^^.'v  In,l,-  .\^~,r.  huii- 

,.,.      ,,.      ,.                                     ,,,                 ^"•''"t'  '■ili'.l  \..hif  >-,itfd 

"•'^^"'^■•""■"                                 1""^,             I'.r  .Mr,u-              ,,.r  .xtrac- 

''■''•i'<-''l-           l"n.  tiMii.  t,,ii.  t,,,n. 

roars,;  San.l  -i»   j:i        j:,.;:  ,,    „;  ,-,'.^.j  ,    ...  .,.' 

':,'"^-  ^'""l-  -'■'   •'"        --■■'■■''  -    sil  r.'    11  1    .-,7  l;   Mi 

■^l"i'^- >■'  -'II       :i,!»17  'I  III  ',:<.  ,-,s  _■  ,i:i  sj   j,; 

''"'"■d  l"il  -^.T.iJ  s  so  7(i  .-,(1  1    s,;  .-,s  .)(, 

Rlmakks.  (11.1  null  l.mll  Pifori.  ro-Kriii.liiiL;  na-  a.i,,pu-.l  I'nu  -  iii.l 
pooriT  than  ...ars,  In.  ,ns,-  u  ...nlams  less  j;,,l,l  ,,,„n  t  ,  at-a.  k.  .-SI, me 
richer  in  silver   l.\    [.nsotaf  ..l    suh.ln.lr. 

Mill     \.  1.    J. 

i?;""' -'   I-      -■>-"         ^  -;n         m  !U  1  a!i         ,;:.  ti 

^''""'      ">.SS        7.!t}!l  7    i;s  <JL'.4,-,  1    ,;|  7,s(i,-. 

''""'■''  I""  lll.»"'i  7    sJ  ,111    js  I    ,;:i  7,-,   (IS 

KiMvRK-.      \\«     null     in,lu<l,.s    sv-ii'inatu     m  heme    ..1     r.'-yrin.line      as 
h.,wn   ,.v  in,  nas..,!  ,,r,.p,,rt>,.n  of  sinne.      H.u.r  .-Mra.H.m  .,n  slnne  raises 
KeiiiT.i!  r.Mili  1..  .1  satisfaetory  hjiure. 


i:;n 


A7-.(  /-."A"/    (   \-  1  Mill:    l-RAi   //(  /, 


'111'-  Ksprninza  mill  ha^l  Il'o  ^I,^nI,s  wlnii  tlir  prr-ciit  r.,m- 
paii\  i.H,k  it  .i\-rr.  ill  I'ini  |i  was  .!fcni,-,|  a.l\isahlr  f.  iiirrraM' 
the  cai.arnv  at  i!r-  lra>t  |H,-.Mt,Ir  rust,  so  i:,  iluntin-tn,,  „„1N 
(each  of  .Vft  .liani.i,  were  a>M.-.i,  with  llu-  i.lra  ..f  iv  -riii.liiiL;  l.c- 
foro  cx-aiii.latiun  This  was  trir.h  lait  \\  was  ImuikI  n.vrssary  to 
plUfc  tlU'  HuminKtons  alM.w  th.-  staiiip  1  .attrnrs.  whi-h  nr.  rssj- 
tatcd  dcvaiin.t;  thr  puli,  It  l,,in-  ihnvhMv  .hihrult  t<.  .hstriluitr 
the  i.til).  tn  thr  lluntin-tnn  tiiilN.  it  was  (malh^-  ilr.i.h-.l  tn  use  thr 
lattrr  inai-iiincs  tor  lirst  ,i;rin.linu.  in  ass.,,  iaii.  .n  «jth.  inst(a<l  ni 
in  suricssion   to,   the  stani])s 

Thv  rni.jf  (,n-  passes  ,,  ti-  a  P.-iii.  -nz^ly  IkImh'  it  n-ai-hcs 
the  nu-k-hreakers:  after  li.iii-  ,ru..heil  hv  them,  the  ..iv  u-.es  ,,\er 
a  3-in.  -rizzly,  the  un.lersi/e  heini;  all.tte,!  to  th,-  I  Ii,niiii-to„s 
ami  the  oversize  to  till-  stamps.  The  Latteries  are  pn.xi.leil  with 
<)(l-niesh  seivens;  while  the  pulp  issum-  troiii  the  I  luiit  m-ton 
mills  .njnes  thnni-h  an  an-le-slot  seiv.-u  e(|uivalent  to  (ill-mesh. 
I'Ut   ().">',    of  the  pnnlu.  t    will  pass  _'()()  mesh. 

'M  the  i:.  Ihintin.-lons.  si.x  are  now  used  as  nrst  L;rinalers 
""  '''"'-.s'ne'  -.ulphi.le  ore.  the  pro.Kiet  hem-  sized  and  distributed 
to  six  WiKKy  tal.les.  the  tailing;  from  whieli.  afti'r  elassiheat ion, 
passes  down  hlaiiket  sjuiei's  l.efore  (inall\-  reaehim,'  the  .■\-anide 
vats.  The  eoneentrate  from  the  Wiltlevs  and  that  waslu-.l  from 
the  l.lankets.  i;oes  to  the  smelter  at   A,i,masealientes. 

The  othir  nin.'  Huntiiiijtons  treat  o.xidi/.ed  ore,  which,  after 
iTin-  .ground,  -oes  to  tlie  eyanide  annex.  The  >,.st  of  steel  and 
repairs  to  wearine  parts  amount  to  :i4  cvi;/,kv.v  per  ton:  lal),,r 
avera.^.es  1 :,  to  21)  ,:■,  per  ton.  The  muller  shells  and  die- 
nni,'  an'  made  ..f  roll  steel  nianufaetured  hy  flu-  \Iidvale  Steel 
^"  ■  "'  i'hdadelphia  This  is  a  soft  metal  and  is  suseeptihle  of 
lieiti-  kept  to  shape:  it  ean  i.e  used  until  worn  .nit,  and  is,  there- 
tore,  eioiiomieal  Kaeh  Muntin^rton  mill  ha>;  its  o^^■n  motor: 
It  h;  proved  itself  to  !.e  the  hest  maehine  for  leduein.L;  the  ore 
to  a  eertain  point  say,  tiO  mesh  l.evond  whieh,  h,r  hner  -rind- 
in.L;,   it   is   not   ee.inomii.il 

llie  s,,nd  undereoes  treatmi'iit  for  100  hr,  for  it  is  found 
that  e.xtra.tion  eeas.s  then.  Aeration  is  effe,  ted  l,v  a  peilorate.l 
pipe  diseharL,'in,i,'  .<\er  the  return-solution  \a!:  vet  there  is  no 
sueh  ios.  ,,f  Kt'\-  as  mi-ht  ha\e  lieeii  expeeted.  The  former  eol- 
lei'tniL;  \ats  are  iiow  used  for  treatment:  ther.'  is  less  aeration 
and  less  mixiiiL'.   hut    then-  is  ,-i   ..i-,.:,t    .r-,i„   ;„   t), , ; .■  .i... 


*    »; 


C)'\.\/Ii/-    I'KACIICh  AT  1:1.  iU<<>     11. 


l.il 


Iilant  witlinut  interftTcncr  with  cthHtixc  ikti '.lat  ii  m  A  xaMiutn- 
imiiip,  \nv  \vitIi(lra',viiiL;  thr  cnnrlinl  s,,iutinii.  is  ii>r,l  onlv  at  tin- 
.lusr  (.1  tlir  M|.ci-alinii.  S("]iuill  .  \-aili.lf,  Xak'Cv.  is  tllr  cluiliiral 
fiiilil'iy.'.l .  it  is  L^uaraiitrcl  cciual  to  I  L'.">' ,  a(ti\-c  K('\',  rani^iiiL; 
In.m  I'Jl  to  l_'s',.  Thr  mrifluil  sokiti..!i,  l.i-turc  i.'Tii].itati<m 
in  ziiic-liiixcs,  is  fafrly  lii-hiT  than  SL'  _'(!  in  '^lAA.  I"a-sh  ryani.if. 
m  crystals,  is  ad. led  {> ,  the  hirad  of  thi  ziiu -1  ...xis,  s,,iiijtiinrs  in 
'Hiantitirs  sutrnirnt   tn  krrji  tiif  scihiti.in  up  Xn  standard  st  rrni,'!  ii. 

'Idler.'  arr  no  anial<jaiiiatinL;  plates,  and  no  nu'rciir\-  is  used 
in  the  Ksperaiiza  plant.  This  is  an  intc'reMiii'.,'  dix'eiX'enee  I'roni 
K!   Oro   praeiue. 

iJurint,'  Sei.teiiil.er.  l!tll.").  the  .mtput  of  ilu'  mine  (■onsi>ted 
of  "),L'MI  tons  ,,f  shipping,'  ore  and  IL'.IIDII  tons  ,,f  niijlmj,'  ore.  Iiav- 
iiii,'  to-etlier  a  \ahie  of  s7mi.;;s,",  U,  S  uirrdiex-.  The  t'.xtraetion 
in  the  null  was  (11  (if  ,  of  t  he  ,<;old  and  .")■_'!'_",  of  t  lie  siher  in  the 
eriide   ore. 


I 


('<'!'i'i:i<  ix  (  \-.\\ii)i-:  soLUTioxs 


Tlir    liiilitor: 

Sir-  .\s  to  c()])j),.r  in  ivain.i,-  s.,luiiuns,  (indm-  facts  luiv 
at  vanaiuv  with  those  i.uhhshrd  in  vuur  issue  of  SpHiiilKr  1, 
I  thought  an  ac-fount  of  our  practice  here  wouM  1,r  ,,f  ,nt.rr-t 
as  well  as  our  manner  of  niakni:^'  pure  hulhrni  fr-.m  a  zim-hnx 
produet   hii,'h  in  eo])per. 

rile  K"M-l'e:i--in-4  ore  eunsists  nf  li,  maiiie  and  elav  m  about 
e<iual   prnpurtinn.  and    (I7.vn,,   enpper.      On   a.enunt    ,  .f  the   elav 
roastm-  is  required  to  elfeel   deh vdrat inn .       Wlthnut  sueh  .iehvdra- 
tion  the  treatnieni  ..f  slmie.whi,  li  amnimis  tn  ,,ver  .-,()'  ,     w,,uld  be 
uni,ossi!.le.   e.tlu^r    l,v    filter-p,v>.in^'   ..,■   deea.itaiiun.      The    latter 


is  tlie   method   we  e 


n!plu\-,   nsiii-   sliall'iw   vats    lit  m,    hi-ii,  which 


settle  cnipletelv  in  four  hours,  includm-  the  deeantatinn  of  the 
clear  solution.  Tlu'  lo..  „,  evan.de  ,s  about  loi,--  pounds  ,,er  ton. 
with  a  solution  contamiii-   \\  lb.  c\atnde. 

The  znu-boxes.  of  ei-ht  <'onipan  inents  each,  sliow  pure 
oopp.-r  in  the  last  two  eonii.,-n-iments,  and  uraduallv  turn  black  to- 
ward the  head.  The  cppcr  ,s  not  l.„.>e  and  .ponL,'v,  but  adh.eres 
'""'"''■■  •'"''  '"  ;'"  ^'IT'^i'-.itic.s  l,„,ks  like  pure  cpper  shavm- 
'  •■'"'  >•"  lined  to  b,l,evc  that,  ,n  this  uiMane,.  at  least.  cop,,er 
liclb-  m  the  precipitation  ,,f  -old  and  sdvcr  b.,'cause  a  copper 
tui'-  on  the  zinc  has  ahvavs  been  .a  pro,,f  that  the  .utnp  a.-savs 
onlv  a  trace  in  j^old.  These  copp.^nd  ^havmy.  when  treated 
wilii  -ulphurie  acid,  and  ih.n  cupcll,.d,  vidd  -..Id  1  ,(l(»()  !„„■ ; 
so  that  the  -unip  mast  be  five  fr..ni  >ilver. 

We  have  found  ,t  necoarv  o„  Put  two  occa-ions  durin-  the 
past  two  vears  to  divs-,  ,1,,^  /,nc  ,n  ili,'  b,.xcs  and  thcti  the  last 
comi.artments  were  no,  coated  wnh  apprccable  .•uiiouiits  ,  ,f 
copj,er.  We  simple  clean  u],  the  tirM  and  part  of  the  second 
compartments  everv  mnm],,  „„i,  .s  prcxiouslv  e,,],]  ,i,„„,  ],,^^  „, 
accumulated   that   it    retards  the  proper  H,,w  of  solution. 

The  sh,,rt  ziiu-  IS  not  nmove.l.  We  tmd  m  this  fact  a  (on- 
iradiction  to  manv  authors  who  ,  lain,  .]„,rt  /uic  t,,  b,'  m.  rt. 
The  fact  that  we  can  return  short  zme  uuh  n.,  accumulation  ,,f 
Muh  pro.luci,  IS  a  pro.jf  of  its  precipitatim;  qualities,      ()„lv  what 


e:ui    b.'   w  -...li,..!    t  1, 


ou<(h  a  2()-mesh  sercct:  ;,.:;>.,;.  d  ^^,u,  a>id  an.i 


(  i>l'l'l:l<  l\    (  )-.\\/l)/-:  >nLi  T/i>\. 


133 


ina-- 


""^    ''^f'""''    '""i    "■'•a'.mrnl      i.    s<.paratr.l    !,v    stirriiiK    in    water 
l^'ranim.^'  thr   su^,,.,,,!,.!   .Iniu-   nnlil  miiIv   a  ...avM-   ,i;ranular 
!-  l>lt       Thr  latifv  1,  la-atr.l  unl,  siilphurir  aii.l  th,-  tnrim.r 
■nh    liN'.ln,.hl.,nr   arpl       Thr    sl,„„.    rnntaiiis   a    lar-r   pvrvvmu^c 
'A    ralrnnn    rarlM,natr.    \\1,k-1,    fnrl.i.K    tl„.    „„■    ,,i    sulpln.nr    ar.,1 
on  account   ui   ,]„.  ,v-ulu.  that    v.uuM   Ih^   t..nnr.i   ,-;   nirlnn^  an.l 
on  account    ,.t     a<lull,rat,nn   ,,t   ptvupitatc   with   suljihat.^   nf  l„ue 
Icn   parts  of  tlu-   roaf...   ,„■    1.'  pans  ot  the   shnic  afUT  a,  i,l 
treatment  arc  mcltc.l  in  a  .graphite  .vmiUlr  uuh  al.oui  cii,'hl  parts 
of  a  mixture  of  L'(i  Hthav-r,  2(.  1  orax  ..'la->,  and  om-  nitre       The 
meltm,,.   imi.t    he    .|Ulekl^    perfnnne.l   to  prevent    formation   of  too 
much   lead   irom  the   action   of  the  .yraplnte  m  the    .rueihle,    .n,l 
unles.   eon^i.lerahle  exp,-rie,uv   1..   ohtamed   as  to  the   proper  time 
an.l   Ilea',  a  tlux  eonsislm,^'  of  eijual  part,  of    t.ieavl,onate  of  so.ia 
and  l.orax  -lass  would  l,e  saler.      The  um'  of  lithar-e,  on  account 
of  its  rapid  shrinking  before   complete   tiudtn,L;,  allows  of  several 
hlhnKS  l,c  for,,  fusion,      Tiie  Hux  and  char-e  are  mixed  after  welting 
sufficient   tr.  prevent   dustm-. 

Th:c.  smaller  l.ars  resultm-  from  different  melts  are  now  readv 
tor  relmm^  a^  follow^       Place  mside  of  Xo.  35    graphite    eruchle 

a  Hatfr-ea  I'  cruciMe  so  tiiat  t  lie  Kotloms  of  each  touch  To 
accomplish  this,  the  .L,'ra,.hitc  crucihle  must  l,e  sh^dulv  clipped 
inside  t..r  al.out  an  inch  fnuii  the  top,  M,.],  ,he  hars  m  the  elav 
crueiMe  and  then  add,  from  tim.  to  time,  a  little  mtiv  until  the 
metal  i^  ...vered  wnh  sla.uc  which  should  then  he  skimmed  hv 
nicans  .^i  a  small  crucihle  ilOevams-  held  with  ton-s.  Repeat 
the  addm-  of  „,tre  and  >kimmin.^  until  the  skimmuiKs  show 
'""  '•"!'•  l'^"i  and  the  hulhon  looks  hn^ht.  On  an  averaKe, 
the  hars  which  hch.re  ret.nin-  aiv  7(10  to  MIO  inie,  vield  hv  ahove 
treatment    hars    of   ,,\er   ',I(MI   tme. 

In  case  the  soda  Ihix  is  um.I,  ah-.ut  hve  per  <-em  metallic 
lead  should  he.  mehed  with  the  har,  as  without  lead  the  copper 
IS  (htticuh  to  remove.  The  ivtinuiK'  ,akes  al.out  an  h,,ur  after 
""■'""-  "  ^''1  ""■  '"^'l'-  are  made,  usn,..^  a  elav  crucihle  diivt 
hulhon  ,„  its,-,  nne  ,an  he  produc-cd  m  the  .,riL;mal  melt,  using 
either  luhat-e  or  soda  (lux.  However,  a>  I  was  not  ahle  to  ohtain 
larijer  elav  eiucihles  ,ha„  ,h,,  l^attersea  I'  si/.e  and  as  the  heat 
must  travel  through  two  crue.hK.s,  elaN  hreakmu  m  duvcl  eontaet 
with  coke.  I  toiind  it  jircferahle  to  ivhne  in  one  nv  li. 


t"o).peropolis,  Cal  ,  Sept,    17 


ZIXCDIST  I'RI-:cn>IT.\TI().\ 

Thr   |-:.lit.>r: 

Sir  Attt  !"  naWiiiL;  \'>iii-  n  ii!;n-ks  idin mini,:,'  znu-<lust  [.rcnpi- 
lation  I  hn\r  1  n  ii  inquinnj,'  aiiKini;  iiiv  pvnlfssional  IVk  Iwi^  ami 
tr  .111  i.ur  cf  tlirni  I  haw  sirurcd  inldniiatinn  wliit-h  I  fwl  surr  will 
inl.Ti-st  (.;liirs.  as  iiuicli  a-  n  Jul  i;i,-.  This  vuii^invw  was  -iiprr- 
intftidcnt  of  a  l(l(l-l..n  san.l  and  shiiir-iilaiit .  Slinic  was  irratcl 
hv  d.  lantati.in  and  sand  h\  |,n\nla!ic,n.  I  he  urc  rontainniL;  hutli 
sil->-tT  and  ,L,  lid.  with  (i\ri-  .".(I'  ,   ..f  the  \aluc  in  ,L;i.ld. 

The  pr.'ciintatK.n  plani  cnsislrd  ..t  ihnc  j.Vlon  flat  d..  .tlunicd 
W'xidtn  tanks,  a  sixmihIi  srlt-a<tin,u  i"niiii-rssnr,  a  tMur-mrh 
tnplrx-driwn  pIun>;,T-pnnip.  and  Iw.,  U'.'.-tnii  tiltcr-pi\ssf>.  One 
"f  thi'  latUT  was  a  John-tun  prrs-,  wnh  s,x-,nrh  franir-.  The  Icarh 
trnni  sanil  and  slmu'  ran.  to  a  suiiip  \\<  ;-ini>  it  was  pump,  d  tn  onr  oi 
\hv  Ihvrv  a,<;nati<.n  \-ats.  This  prr-nant  s.iliition  was  worth  ahout 
■^-  piT  ton.  The  (Diiiiirrssor  was  started  and  air  putnprd  'hrouj,'ll 
a  ^in.  line  to  a  .Lifalm,:;  of  half^nuh  pip,-  m  thr  hottoni  .,f  t  h,-  vat. 
1  Ik'S.'  hranrh  pipis  were  perforated  Two  to  tour  jHniiid-  of  zine 
dust  w-er<-  a.:  led  lan  a\vra'.:e  of  lir-,  1!,,.  an.l  the  a,i.;ital!on  with  air 
e(.ntint;e.l  ahout  :went\-  niimites.  The  el-iar;^'e  -Aas  th(ti  punipci 
l\-  means  ,,»■  the  tnplex  plunder  throu,-!]  the  pivs-  One  press 
lield  ahoui  one  month's  produet.  In  onler  that  the  j.re.ss  should 
nil  eompK.ud\-.  it  was  the  eustoin  to  elose  the  di-ehar,ire-eoeks 
of  the  iranies  m  the  lialf  nearest  the  mlet,  ,LM-aduall\-  opennvj  them 
a-  the  farther  frami  s  Peeanie  tilled,  Tlie  plant  treatin-  the  ore 
produ.ed  a  product  worth  sl>()  p,.r  11,,,  while  the  plant  treatin.t,' old 
tailin>,'  from  a  former  paii-amah^amalion  mill  made  a  ptveipitatc 
worth  8N  per  pound. 

riiis  preeipitale  was  'reated  with  -ul|.hune  aeid.  roasted 
in  an  iron  niuflle  and  melted  in  pots.  The  zme  .Just  eoMs  r,.5 
to  t;r  per  i,oun,l  at  the  vork-.  .\o  att,  nijit  was  ma'ie  to  rotnove 
the  zme  -i.xide  \\ilh  ammonia.  The  .iuantit\-  of  zme  u^rA  was 
^"jverned  h\  il-.e  -.aiue  oi  the  harreii  solution.  Sonieti'iie-  iii  in- 
crease .il  zme  ma.le  a  Letter  preeipitatioti  and  at  otlu  r  times  an 
ineri'a.se  m  tha-  str,  n,i,'tli  of  solution  u^v<\  on  the  ores  attained  the 

same  result         A  tWent\--eent   tad-sohition  ie:w  ,-,  :,i<i,l,.i-..,  1   ,....,■  l.;„l. 


//.V(  nr-^t  I'Ni-A  fi'i I M /(i.\ 


l.'{n 


Til.  i-rrnpuaiion  vats  \\,Tr  (lat-l)<it  tuiii,  ,|,  aii.l  tin.  nri  t  s>ii  at.-.i 
ail  .K.aMc.nal  rlra!i-iii).  winch  c-.iiisisu-.l  ot  hanl  lalnii-  with  haninuT 
'"•''  ''"■-'!  Thi>  .htfualtv  r,,uM  ],r  ;.>■(„, 1,,1  \.v  ha\Mi-  .■.,iiual- 
t.nttMnu'.i  \-ats.      Atidnt   JJ.',  ton-,  w.-rr  pnnpitaH'.l  in  L'4  hMiir- 

Thi'  jirt'ssi-s  w.ml.l  -lan.l  a  [.ivvsurr  nf  |ii  Hi.,  ahii.,ii,-h  it  was 
the  .iistM,]]  t(i  till  ihr  prrsM-s  with  a>  Imw  a  piV'ssun-  a>  pu^iMi., 
pumpin-  llif  x.lutmn  at  a  rair  l.a;vl\^  -urrmrtii  t.,  krcp  up  u;;  h  the 
plant. 

X"  nakr.l  tlainr  sli-uM  ),r  al|..\\vii  arnun.l  tlu-  pr,  s>  uliilc 
opriiiiiL;.  an.l  th.'  ri-arft  tc  >ninkcr>  imisl  !.,■  kcj.t  at  a  ilistamv. 
A  tianir  appln'.j  ti;  the  cliar-r  wln-n  t  hr  pivs>  w  (irsi  npriir.l  wil! 
I'Xpln.lr  tlu'  lix.li-M-rn  niixtuiv,  s.-paratiiiL;  ilit^  I'raiur-,  ami  scattiT- 
inj,'  nitii] 

S(ini<-  \rafs  a.u'ii  1  wa-  shuwn  the  plant  at  Mrrnir  aiiW  no  sciTfl 
wasnia'ir  ,.f  thr  tiirtlm,!  ,,f  prrnpuatn.n ,  an.l  thr  sain,'  statniirnt 
ajiphus  t(.  thr  attitmlr  n{  those  in  chari,'.'  at   Lead,  Snuih  Makota. 

Mark.   R.  Lamm. 
('■oMtirM.  Neva. la.  ScpiiiiitHT  4. 


!l 


OKI-:  tri-:at.mi:.\t  at  tiik  ((  ).miji.\ati()\  mixi- 

(".('LDFIHLI).   XKVADA 

U\     I'raM    Is     I,      H,,„j|| 
(Oitclier  li  atvl  1:1    1!mh, 
I       Ml    1  Al.l.l   Kl,\ 

Thr  (■(qnlaiiation  mm,',  situat.-.l  ,ilM,ut  ..nr-halt"  iinlr  nurth- 
^■ast  ni  ,hv  i..,yu  ni  (;.,Mii,  !,l.  ..n„.,.,s  ,,t  t-.i  lull  .lain,,  an.l  tlnvc 
traotinns,  a^-n-aliii-  .'CO  anv..  Tl„-  Mri.nial  ,1i<.,,v,tv  .  .n  Cuni- 
I'lnaticn  ;^r<mu.\  wa-  ,!„■  Iirst  ..f  anv  impnrtancv  ,„a.lr  in  th..  now 
tam.ms  .am,,.  Th.-  i.r,:,„n\  ua.  ar,|ui,v-l  inmi  ,.,■.,.,„.,„„-,  ,n 
I""-!  !'>•  Ilu-  ivprrM.ntatnv.  m  , ., , ,  |.;as,,.n.  rxplMratinn  ,.,m- 
'"■'""■"•  "■•'"■  ••'!ti-r  a  \iMt  tu,,n,-Mi  t  i„- .  ,.,th-m-  ,l,-i  n.  t..  liapprn,.! 
t-  1-  pasMni,-  tlm.u:^!,  thr  prr^mi  mi.-  mI  ( i.  ,l,li,d,l  ,,n  thr  wav  to 
'"■'■'I'^li:  an.]  thu^,  at  thr  vrrv  ui,t>rt  ..i'  it.  raiv.^r  a.  a  ■..,], 1  pn,- 
■iiurr.    thr    C.tnhinatH.n    wa>    Mrssr,]    !,v    thr     happirsi    ^ar,„lrnt 

that  ran  hrtall  a  tninr      ,t   ,a^s,'.l  ,ntn  o ]  i,;„„i,       -n,,,  ,,,,  ,j„,,., ,. 

has  sin.r  .Mvn|„r.l  a  uni,|„r  pla.r  anmn-  thr  tinnr.  .:|  ,,,uthrni 
^';''''"''''  ''  ''■'-  '"■'■"  "'11  a.hnun.t.Tr.l;  it  ha>  ha.l  thr  hrnrht 
ot  thr  111..-,!  appn.x-r.l  aiul  pfartiral  tnnh.HK  ,n  tnini,,^  an. I  nirt- 
ahur-y:  an,]  its  drvrlopnirn,  ha>  imi  hm,  hatnprn.l  ',\-  .unk 
nianipulalinn..  Cnnsr.iurntl v,  tlmuuii  tlir  ,n,,.t  int.Tr.tin-  pn.p- 
-■i-tv  in  tllr  .listfirl.  whrthrr  wr  r.,n-l.lrr  it^Narir,]  nirtaliui-iral 
prnMrins.  .,r  ,ts  fati,,  nf  nntput  tn  -niall  nnll-rapant  v  an.]  .mall 
'''■^'■|';P"l<'"t,  it  IS  tllr  Irast  a.lNrrtKr.l  an,l  thr  Iras,  ,hsrussr.l. 
I'll-'  tii-st  shipnirnts  fnmi  thr  C  mil.ination  wnv  tiia.lr  in 
"'■'■>■'"'-'■■  l"l»-i  Thr  ;,fnss  output  ni  tllr  !„,nr  ,n,m  thr  r,„r- 
nirnrrnirni   n|  ,  ,prrati..ns  tn  April    I.    P.KIC,   is  as  l,,ll,,us 

.,  '.'.llur  T..\ii     \':iliil- 

C  va,n,lr,.rrr,r.itatc  (11..).  7.;,  '   -,--  r'-.uii 

*l.-'-'s,  il  l.!IU 

'^'^•<     I'1-..prrty    ',v-is    a    shipp,  r    t  r.  mi    tlir    -fass-f.,.  .ts       .Mninst 
anv    i^t-a.lc.    nf   ,,rr    r.,,,1,1    |„.    sr-ivratr,]    l,v    vuuuh    srivrniuL'    an,) 


i)KI 


•:   TI<I-:.\T.\1I:M    AT   IIIK  COM HIXATlOX  .\fI.\E.  137 


sorting',  tin-  practice  hcin^  to  reserve  the  milling  ore  i>;2.-,  to  SlOOi 
in  ^'rade.l  .lumps  until  the  completion  .,f  a  mill.  In  shipping;  it 
was  at  (irsl  necessary  to  haul  the  ore  to  the  railn.ad,  a  .iistance  of 
«)()  miles.  The  costs  ,,l  transportation  an,!  smelter  treatment 
were  so  lii-h  as  to  emphasi/.e  the  importance  of  treatment  on  the 
Kroun.I.  and  an  investigation  was  at  ,.nce  commenced  with  a  view 
to  installing  a   reduction   plant 

Th<>   ore   has   l.een  ,|escnl,ed  as  a  h,-hlv  >iliciHe(l  dacite  occur- 
ring; in  zones  of   hssunn.i,.  m    the    de,  ,,mposc..i    ,iacite    c  mstitutinf. 
the   country    HK-k.      In    the   m<,rc   shattered    p,,rti.,ns   ol    the   ore- 
l.ody  the  dacite  is  almost  •■nlirelv  altered  into  ,,uartz,  with  sthnK- 
ers  an.l    pat.dfs   of   kaolimzed    mafnal       Dunm:   the   progress  of 
th.-  preliminary   tests,   the  ore  sh(,wed   certain    freakish    variations 
which    made   it   .iitlicult    to   .hvide   upon   a   metho.l   of   treatment. 
The   fineness  of  the  j^'oM,   an.l   the  alm.,st   entire  absence  ,,f  con- 
centratahle   mafrial    in    the   u[,p.T   le^•cls   -idicatei   drv-crushing. 
and    a   testing,'   plant    lor   .Irv-crusnin-    was    installe.i.  '  But    even 
after    a   j.nij,'    leachin.t;    with    .vanide   .s.^kition.    it    was   still    f.mnd 
possible  to  pan  an  ap[)re.iahle  .juantity  of  ^.,1.1  from  the  residue. 
Tliese  tests  had  .scarcely  he.tjun  l.efor.'  the  i,'..l,l  in  the  mine  became 
coarser,    an.l    the    pn, portion     of   sulphides    increased.      A    series 
of  ♦.ests  by  amali^'amation,   concentration,   and  cvani.iation.  gave 
<leri.ledly  promisin,-  results,   showin.t;  an   averai^^e  sa\iii,i,'  of  45';, 
by  the  Hrsl,  f,'';    by  the  sec-.nd,  an.l  about  40','  bv  cvani.iinj;  the 
residual  sand  and  slime- a  total  .,f  about  !»()',.     'hater,  it  .level- 
oped  that  certain  portions  of  the  ..xi.iize.l  ore  carrie.l  a  .lisquiet- 
ing  amount  of  aci.l      free  suli.hunc  ami  ferrous  sulphate,  with  here 
and  there  enough  alum  to  make  the  n,.k  astrin,i,rent  to  th..  taste. 
In  some  of  the  tests  the  .ire  was  so  aci.l  as  t..  recjuire  oO  lb.  of  lime 
per  ton  as  a  neutralizer.      Hut  this  \-erv  aci.l  ,,re  was  not  foun.l 
to  he  in  sufficient  (juantity   to  atiect   the  ^'c-neral  treatment  ser- 
iously; and  in  subsequent  millin.^'  tests  an  average  sample  of  all 
the   acces.sible   o.xidize.l   ore    was   taken,    an.i   the   acid     condition 
met  by  usinj;  from   10  to  12  lb.  lime  per  ton. 

The  results  obtaine.l   in   ore  tests   made  at    Goldfield  in   the 
early  months  of  1004  were  contirme.l  during  the  summer  bv  mill- 
runs  made  at  an  ore-testing  plant  in  San  Francisco.     The  represen- 
tative test,   which  Kave  the  best  results,  was  made  as  follows: 
I        Cnishin.r    throui'h    40  t!ie';h    wir.'    .-,  t-.-.«,-. 
2.     Plate  amalj^amation. 


I. is 


A7-.(  l:\  I    (   \-  \  Mill-    ri^At   I  u  /, 


■<       ('"ii(  ctitratiuii   ..i;    ,1    l-'iii,     .  ain;rr 

I        1 1\  .IraulK     v,.|,;,rati'.ii    ut    -^liuir    m    ,  .  .iic  .  lassilirr^ 

■  )        i.ca.  Iiuil;    san^l    witii    i\aiii'l''    sMliiti.jn 

li       .\t,'naliii^  >li!ii.'   will)  (\aiii'lc  Milutmn 

I'hc  l.r-^t  .  ..II.  lit  mil,  f.  .r  the  -.aii.!  wciv  ImuilI  I..  f..-  .iwlit  .lav-;' 
liMtlmi-  with  a  dl"  ,  ...hiMon,  uliilr  ilu-  ■^luiu-  iv,|,,,,v,l  |,,ur  limir-, 
"■"''  •'  I"  1.".',  s., Intl.. II  'n,,-  i.,ll..\\inL;  is  a  rrcor.l  ,,t  .xtr.Tti..n 
Irmii   nIhiic 


A^suy  h(M<ls 

Assav  after  t  lir.  ,ii;il.ili.  .11 

4    ■■ 


i;..i.i. 

. ./ 

I  'Jd 
O    Jli 

(I  ;..'ii 

(1  14 

I)  IJ 

o  I.' 

II  l.'f 
II  )J 
II  I.' 


The   ainali;ainati  .n   plate  ami    /in.    I..,\    wciv  (l.aii..l    up   an. I 
llic    l.ill..\viil.-    rcMilts   .il.taillcl    In. Ill    tlic    uli.,1,.    trsl  ; 

In.li.alcl  ixira.  ti  III   l.y  i  \ani(lc.  S.;,  )' ,  , 

Aitual   fxtrai'tiiiii   li\    (\  anile.    77!!',. 

In.h.ateil   t.ilal   extnulMii   liv   all   pnnesses.   !M' ,  . 

Aitual  t.ital  extracti'.il  Ij\  all  |M-inesses,  '.M',. 
^<>n  a  small  s.ale,  iHtter  ivsults  u,re  ..l,taine.l  h\  .rushing' 
t.i  .VI  mesh,  anil  it  'Aas  fmm.l  tli.at  li\^  slimine  tl-.,.  u  Imle  prcluct. 
a  still  lii.^h.M-  ree'i\er\-  miL,'lit  !..■  ina.ie.  lint  the  inpmxf.l  etVi- 
<iemv  ..f  Ameriean  tlihe  niilU  at  the  time  tile  tests  were  made 
an.i  the  hi.^'h  e.)st  (.1  p,,\ver  an. I  lahi.r  at  <  ;i.l.|(ielii.  left  the  a.lvan- 
taK'e  in   lav.ir  .,('  slimini,'  t.x,  small   f.  justitv   the  experiment. 

The  mill  was  (.ni.;inall\-  desi^neii  tu  treat  "xi.lize.l  ure  ..nlv. 
althnuj^l,  ,„  ,,i;„.,.s  i„  ,]„,  ,,v;i,h/e.i  zi.ne  there  w,.re  tuun.l  small 
<Hiantities  i.f  stilphi.le  .,iv  uhieh  resisted  mill  treatment  l.v  ordi 
narv  methods.  Hut  as  tlure  was  im  in.li,ati.>ii  of  the  develop 
ment  of  a  lan^.e  anioinit  of  sulphide  ore  at  tli,'  time  eonstni.  tion 
eommene.il  on  til.'  mill,  the  installation  was  allowe.l  to  proeee.i. 
It  was  while  the  mill  was  luin.;  l„iilt  that  larije  shoots  of  sulfihide 
ore  were  opened  up  as  the  limit  ot  the  oxidi'^ed  Zone  was  reai  lied, 
and  hefore  the  end  of  the  year  an  extensive  dump  ha.l  aeeumui  i'.  d 
with  an  avera.u'e  content  of  al.out     :i  oz    e,,ld.      This  was  reserved 

tor    ^pee::;;     i  r(  ;;;T7;.  nr .    aiei    saiiipies    lai<en    for    in\eStl'4atIon. 


( 'A7-;  TKi:  1  IMi:\  /     l  /    y  //  /,  (  V  )\jiii  \  \i  in\  MIX  I;     1  ,' 


39 


Thr  sulpliid.'  m  t'M  ■sul|,lii,lf  (,rc'  of  the  lower  Icvtls  i^  a 
Mmplc  inm  pyntc,  for  the  most  part  tincl\  dissvininatci  'I'lir 
tollr-)uini,'  is  an  analysis  i,|'  the   ore 

Slli>a.  7(1  r,  ,  ahuDina.  17  0',  .  sulphur,  1 '_"  ,  ,  iron.  S  ,-,'•;  , 
anci  ( (.pprr.  Ira.  c 

Dinrt  >yatn.lf  tivatinrnt  was  iri.'.l  m  all  pra.  tii  al.lr  vanalinns. 
I'Ut  without  ^'.'oil  r(  suits. 

After  ^,'nn.liiij,'  tlinuiuh  -.'(Id  niesh  an.l  au'itatini;  I.",  hr  lu  a 
Kl.'.'')',  cyanide  soluti<.n.  the  re. every  was  only  00',,  with  a  1  11. 
cyaniile  constinipti'.n. 

K'lastmi,'  an. I  lea.  hin.i,'  a  L'O-iiiesli  pn.du.  t  k-'iv.'  an  ,  xira.tion 
of  !•!'  ,  ,  with  a  7  _'ll.,  evaniile  eoiisumpti.m 

Roasting  a  20  ni.sh  pr.Mlu.t.  re--rin.linu  f.  I'dO-rnesh,  an.i  ,ya- 
ni.lniK'  l.y  agitation  in  a  0  l'.",'  ,   solution  '^ave  \y.\'  ,   extraetion. 

Pan  amal^'amation  ..f  the  n.aste.l  ..re  ^;ave  an  extraeti.m  uf 
")4  per  cent. 

Oil  eoneentratL.n  il':iniore  proeess)  of  raw  ore,  with  a.uitati'.n 
of  tailing;  in  .yani.le  s.,luti..n,  i,'ave  !l()'  ,  extraetion  with  a  e'.nsuinp- 
tion  of  7i  It..  e\ani<le  per  ton. 

Oil  e.ine.ntrati.in  followe.l  l,y  eyano^ren  l.roini.ie  treatment 
of  the  lailin,L;  uave  an  exira.tion  ..f  IMi' ,  fn.in  heads  assavint; 
.'}.48oz.  Kolil. 

Chlorinati'.n  l.y  lea.liin,i,',  ii<in^'  an  aque(,us  sohitii>n  of  l-jilorine 
produce.!  l.y  hrinyinj,'  t.. -ether  an  O.S' ,  sulphurie  ,„i.i  s..luti..n. 
and  a  0.7'  ;  chlori.ie  of  l,„,e  solution,  an.i  leaehini;  ;<(>  hr,,  Kav,  a 
recoverv  of  40  per  emt. 

Chlorination  l.v  the  t.arn  1  prot.'ss.  after  four  h.nirs'  treatment, 
V'ielde.i  7.S  j)er  eent . 

These  various  nietho.ls  were  tri-.i  Infore  wet  coneentration 
because  the  aim  was  t<,  treat  all  pr,,.lu,ts  <;n  the  groun.l  and  avoi.f 
shipping.  A  comhinati.m  oi  eoneentratin^  an.i  eyanidinK.  howt  ver. 
was  ultimatelv  considered  the  most  suitable  to  C.ol.ltield  condi- 
tions, anil  was  adopted. 

The  ordinary  concentration  of. ■50,. r  40- mesh  pro.luct  was  f.uni.l 
inefTective.  It  did  not  make  a  close  savinK  "l  the  tine  sulphide, 
which  ha.l  t..  he  renu.vcd  on  accunt  ..f  the  poor  cyanide  recovery 
from  the  raw  sulphide.  It  was  mcessarv  to  evolve  some  closer 
method  of  recoverv  which  woul.l  leave  nothing'  for  cyanide  treat- 
'■"""■''■■■  '■■'■'■■  •"■^■'•'  panicics  tiidi  inij^hi  elude  the  most  efficient 
concentratinK  machinery.     The  onls-   wax    to  a<-complish  this  was 


1  to 


RF.(  i:.\  I    I  \    \  MDh   /7vM(   //(  /■. 


l)V  a  sfriis  i,(  r.  .lu.tK.ns.  nml  hv  luHoWiii),'  t.u],  srnyy  ],\  ap[.ni- 
priatc  innrtnlnuiMn.  T\\r  Milj^hnlc  tn  .d  at  t  m  h  siaKc  i.f  j^'rindinj,' 
wa-^  at  (.ncv  nni.ui.l  1h  tur.-  tiir  mv  j.a^s.  i|  t..  I  lie  m  xt  arui 
liner  ^ta,l,'l•  mC  i;rni,|ini;,  an.l  ihu-  an  ur)ni(issar\  <  oiiiiiiinulion 
was  a\ipiiliil 

The  |(ill.,\\ini;  tmll  ii  m  tnnii-,  the  l.as.s  of  the  uu  thod  a<|.)pt.(l 
inpra.ti,,  The  ore.  assayiiii;  :i  (II  .,/  i;.,l.l  ua^  (nislud  in  stamps 
to  :i()  iiK  ~li  and  j)ass«'(l  over  a  Miiall  \Vdllr\  t  utii  i  ntrator.  Tins 
vi'ldrd  (i' ;  il,\  \vi  ii^'ht  I  ut  (  iiinvniratc.  a^sa\  iiij,'  27  4  <>■/.  j^Mild. 
T!ir  lailniK  was  n  ,i,'n)nnd  tliruiii^h  (id  tiK  sh.  and  n  -<  onci  nt  rat<  d, 
vuMm-  _'  1  I' ,  r.iiuvntratr,  assaviriK  l'.t.s,,z  i,.(,ld  Tlic  (iO-i:  sli 
tailing  was  n -i^round  tlimuKli  IIMI  ni,-li  and  ...nn  nt  rat.d,  yi(  Id- 
ini:  0  1';  .uncinratr.  assaMn^'  L'(t -I  m  .^n\,\  The  n  si  due  was 
then  t;r..und  lu  Jdd  ni(  sh.  and  pa-Md  n\,  r  a  ran\as  tal.lf.  vuldniK 
10';  Ml  sdnmus  cnnicntratr,  assa\in)^  ;{,!I7  (,/.  i;(j1,1  The  fnial 
ladnu:  tn.ni  \hr  n\,nvr  up,  ,;,!■,.. n  a-sav,  .1  0  "l'  .,?..  k(.I<1,  sliowin^' 
an.xiraitinn  hv  .oiuvnt  rat  mn  .,t  SO'  ,  'l'h(^  extraction  by  canvas 
alone  was  I.'i'  ,  ,  -howiin,-  the  marked  adaptalnlitv  of  canvas  to  or- 
<it  this  charaitir  .ontammi;  no  nuuh  extremely  tine  sulphide. 
Cyanide  Irealm,  nt  .if  the  slniie  resultin,i,'  from  this  senis  of  suc- 
eessive  reductions  an.l  e.  .neent  rati,  .ns  nduet  .1  the  tailinj,'  to  0.22 
oz.  K"ld,  making  the  t.ital  extra.  ti..n  '.»;{  jht  c.  nt. 

This  meth.i.l  was  a.l.ij.te.l  U  ,ause  the  require.l  jdant  could 
he  eonvenientlv  a.l.le.l  t.i  the  nnll  already  installed,  and  the  same 
svstem  of  crushint,'  use.l.  Th.ni^,di  a  littl.'  eomi. Heated,  the  process 
was  the  least  s.i  .,f  any  .)f  the  m.th.ids  e.insid.fed.  The  hij^h  co.st 
of  fu(d  an.l  supplies  in  C.ol.ifiel.l  harred  roasting  Besides,  so  lon^ 
as  the  ore  concentrated  well,  the  advantage  K:umil  hv  sej^'rejjatinf,' 
the  roastablc  portion  of  the  ore  in  small  hulk  was  obvious. 

The  concentrate  from  the  sul(.hi.le  ore  is  now  heinj,'  shipped. 
It  may  later  he  treated  hv  chlormation  on  the  j^round.  The 
concentrate  from  the  oxi.iize.l  nw  is  about  to  be  treated  in  the  mill 
bv  tine  j^'rinilinj,'  and  !)rol.)n>,'ed  cvani.iation. 


T  UK     MILL 


In  con.siilerin.i,'  a  mill  f.ir  the  c.imbinati.m  mine,  it  was  thought 
that  the  size  of  the  proixrty  would  hardly  justify  the  initial  in- 
stallation of  more  than  10  stamps.  The  plant,  as  completed, 
is   unusually    lar^'c    for   such   .small   capacity.     An   extensive   and 


'  'A'/-.   /  A7'   I  /  .;//■.  \  /     1  /    ////,,,  ,Miii  s    \i,, ,  Y   ^//  y/. 


It 


o.stU  ,.,„,,, nun.  was  nK.!,-  n,  , ,  s.arv  1,.-  tlu'  ..lahnnn,-  procfss 
'■''''"'"■•■''  ""■'l"'''-t  '■-"^•■'^.  an.ll.vth,, l.T.smn  ,„,!„■  ,nana^'.- 
""■"'  '"  '■'■^'■'■'"-  ""■''•"■•  "'  ""•  nnll  I,,r  th,.  ,,•,,.,„,.„,  „1  cu>tun> 
'";■  ,  ","■  '■'""■  '--'I. nn.l  ,,„,.  run,,,|,„  an.ls,.,,aratrun,t.tl,u.ll,. 
,'"'",  '''^""    ^^''^  ^l"'"'"'  "^'■■-  ^'  ^'''■^^^-'-  an  a  than  w,,ul,|  oiIutwm. 

'•'V  '"•■""'"'"'""'  ■'■'"'"""•'V.I-u  ^...  l,asl„..„am,,h  ,ust.- 
'"■''  '''  ""■  '''^"-'^'n'^  "f  il„.  nlarh,n.■r^.  an-l  i  !„■  In^'h  ncvrrv 
I'lilaitii  i| 

''','"'  '^"'^  "'  •■^'''"'''  '"•■  '"''l^'lr  intn„iu,v,i  srvrral  ,.n,l,|,.„,s 
">'"  '!"■  ..,„.,n,>,„,n  uln.l,  havr  n.n  ssanlv  all,  c  tr.l  t  hr  ,.,s(  of 
"•'■■"""■'"•  "^""•''^■■""■''-•vat,nj,ut..,v  .tlu.  I„n..  an.llh.  .l.vat- 
'"f  "I  '■"'''  '■■  '''•'-'.<>-.  TlK.  uai,.  pn,l,K.,n,  lunv.v,,-  uas 
7'''''  •"   ""■  ^'■"■'-      ''"'"■   ^vatrr  ,s  .,l.la,n,-,i  tn.n,  s,,n„..-,  .  ludr.l 

^'  ■''>■'''■•>  ;>"!-  '.v-t  uMh.  m,m.,  an. 1  ,s  ,.um,K,l  ,.,  ,|„.  „nll  a^ainM 
^''H-.l,„a!„nns()„n,a,ao.,„r„,,,..,,,,.^,,  h  ,s  h,„  as  „  ,  .nnes 
t"  tlu'  surtar,.  and  .arn.s  al.uut  0  1',  so.lu.m  sulphatr  an.l  a  tra.v 
•■'s.,l,unnl,|„n,l..  Tl>uu,h  .I,,!,,,,-  l.ra.k.sl,.  .h.  ua.rr  ,s  p,„ahl.. 
an.l  h.r  millin.,'  purp„s..s  ,1„.  sn,!,un,  sulplui.r  ,s  1,.  rutiaal  ,n  ass.s,- 
ini;  tin-  sett  lenient  of  the  slinic. 

Tlu;  ".■>'  IS  tfatntne.l  „•„»,  the  shaft  to  stura^r  htns,  f.vttt  ulnch 

>t  .s  ,l..l,xvre,i  t.,  a  pla.furn,  al.ove  a   M)  l.v   U;  Sturtevant  roll. , aw 

cTuslKT.  ul  etv  u  IS  .nt.x.Ml  with  the  require,!  amount  of  l,n,e    varv- 

■"K    ron,.,to|..ll,    perton.      Th.^  rusher  , ..hues  ,  he  ore  to'al.out 

om-halt   meh   size.      The   laek   of  fall   n,a,le   the   interposition   of  a 

sortin.^n.zlv      ,n,poss,l,Ie.       KvervthmK    P-.-es    to  the    eruslu  r 

ami  IS  de  ivere.l  diree,  to  a   iL'-m.   helt-eon vevor  s..,  at  an  an.de  of 

-  )  .   w huh  ele^•a,es   the   ore   to   the    mill-hins.      There   are    four  of 

thes..    hins    tor    the    four   units    of   Hve    stamps  eaeh.      (Ten    more 

stamps     have   reeentlv    heen   a.l.le,]    for   treatin.,    sulphide     ore) 

The  point  of  disehar^c  at  the  top  of  the  mill  is  shifted  hv  means  of 

he  usual  forni  of  adjustable  earna,e.      The  ore  ,s  fe.l  irom  hanKin^ 

feeders,   attaehe.i   to  the   bins,   inte,   the   low   mortars   of  the    Boss 

cantilever  Lattery  svstem.      This  tvpe  o^  batterv  frame  and  mor' 

z:v^''' '" ""  '""^'^  ^^"  '^"^^"^'^-  '^^'^'  "^  ^^^^- 

ftr  t  I",."''   '"°''"^""^'  <lescription   of  the   milling  svstem,    I   shall 
hrst  take  up  the  treatment  of  the  oxidized  ore.  which  is  earned 
on   by  the   r^.-i^rmal   ten  stamps  and  evanide   -.r-.r-...-.-       \     ..■._      : 
explained,   the  mill   was  divided  into  two  .st^pamte'unhs  for'uie 
purpose^  of  treating  eustom  ore.     Very  little  custom  ore,  however. 


14-' 


A7-(  /A?'  (  )-.\.\II>l-:   /'/\.1(  7/(7:. 


has  been  n  ceivc  d  ;  and  recent  favorable  dexclopments  in  the  mine 
ha\e  (Ueideil  tlie  inana,i;i  nu  nt  to  devote  the  entire  mill  to  tht'ir 
own  ore.  In  the  followini,'  aeeminl.  a  eomiilele  ti\-e-stamii  svstem 
will  lir  eonsiilind.  The  selu  nir  of  trealnunl  is  ixhibited  diai.'ra- 
matuall\-   in    I'iu'.    1-. 

Inside    aiiiali,'a!nali(in    is    earritil    mi    b\     means    of    a    c'urved 
plate    sen  wi  d    to   the    iluick-bloi ':.      'I'he    on-    is   erushed    tliron,i,di 


/t?-  'J5J.0  >'4.*'^ 


r:;;) 

'/ 


r"  i*«^   $>rrir*r 


31' 


I'iK     I-       TriMliiunt    nt   (  InicIuucI   ( Iro. 


I'J-nn  sh  wire-siRtn.  Outside  the  sireen  a  splash-jilate  is  used. 
I'roin  this  plate  th<>  pulji  falls  to  a  lip-]ilate  about  12  in  wide, 
with  the  front  idije  slieluly  bent  down.  Kivin^  'he  pul])  a  ^'entle 
drop  to  the  apronplati.  There  are  three  plates  to  ea(di  mf)rta,-. 
arranged  in  stips.  K'ixiii.i,'  an  amali,'aniatinj^  surface  ");j  in.  wide  and 
about  \'1\  ft.  lon^.  Till'  whole  tray.  b\-  means  of  wheels  and  track, 
can  be  shifted  during'  the  elean-iip  of  tlu'  batlerv,  as  shown  in 
]■  1J4,    i.'i  ami    W. 


' 'AV'.-  7A7-;.  1  T.M/-:xr  . 1 7  y //./,  , , )mh/\.  1  rn >x  .u/.v/-;,  1 4:^ 

At   the  1m„,,,„i  of.ach  tfavisasnialKunrln.lrauHc  classifier 
wliKh  s..,,arai..s  the  rears,.   m.ll^,,„l,,  int.,  t  uo  ,„•„  lurts:  (|,    Fine 
sand   an.!    shnu',    whirl,   passes   to   ,1,..   „utM-  dtsrhat-o    l,p   „t   the 
Brvan  nnll  and  thc^ncv  .Hrerl  to  the  mnrentratufs,  ,:>',  ,.„arse  sand 
whuh  j.asMs  to  the  Bivan  null  f.,,-  iv-.,'nndini,'. 

__T1k.  nre,  hetnu'  exttvtnelv  hard  and  twui^d,.  ,s  efushed  w,th 
1  ■•vO  11'.  statn,,,.,  lalhnK  H'O  tinrs  per  tnnu.t.v  u-  h  a  (Vin.  drop  In 
spite  ot  this,  hou-ever,  the  stainp-dutv  is  onlv  ;U  tons  usin- a  l>- 
mesh  sereen.     One  of  the  ."-ft.     ^rvan  nitlLs,  running  at  half";pee,l, 

takes  all  the  coarse  san.l.  trotn  lOslanips  (approximatelv  20tons -jer 
<lav..  and    crushes  ,t    through   a    Xo    (.  slotted    sereen,  e.puvalent 


l:! 


<'ross- Section  of  .\iiKil>,'a!natic)n  TahU.. 


to  40  mesh.  The  final  product  from  the  Hrvan  ,s  pass  .1  over 
two  t,-tt.  I- rue  vanners  and  two  C-ft.  Triumph  tables.  From  thes- 
•■"•urntrators  the  pulp  ,s  raised  hv  two  A|,n.  Frem.er  san.i-pumps 
">  tw"  sets  of  cone  classifiers.  Tins  svstcm  is  a  mod,fi..ation  of 
;';="  "itrodueed  l.v  .Mr.  Merrill  at  the  Homcstake  cvan.dc  plants 
1  hr  top  eone  takes  the  mternntten,  d.scharue  fnuu  the  sand-pump 
and  ,s  so  adjusted  hv  valves  that  >t  sends  a  fairlv  uniform  flow  of 
pulp  to  the  tv.sm.aller  cones.  The  top  cone  is  not  a  '  h  .s.fier 
111.'  hrs,  rouKi,  classdiea.ion  ,s  made  m  the  small  hvdrauhc 
-mes.   from   whuh   a    stream    of  sand    flows    direct    to    the    san,i 

X'atS.         1  he     overlliive     fr,>,.i     t  1, n 

and   fme  sand.  Hows  s,  the  lar,..-   lower  cone,  where  a  closer  cdas- 


^r^ 


^ 


X: 


^ 


H: 


■1    , 


~1: 


ORE  TKEA  TMEXT  A  T  THE  COMBIXA  TIOX  MfXE.     145 

^^ificat.on  KS  ma.le.  The  stream  from  the  bottom  of  th.  latter  also 
flows  to  the  leaehms,^  vats.  The  overflow  from  this  lar^'e  lower 
cone  jiasses  to  the  slime  settlers. 

The  pulp  from  th.    I5rvan  mill  mav,  therefore,  be  said  to  eon- 
-sist  of  two  products,  namely: 

Retained  on  !()()  mesh 4|f^,  l 

1.   Sand    '.   Passin^r  100.  retained  on  .'00 ;r/ '   '  (17',  of  total 

Fassin>,''_>OOmesh  .  .  .  .  y^r 

-     ^'""^■■■■l^ass,n«  200  mesh ^  ^  ^  '  ^  ^  iioV  .:«',  of  total. 

This  IS  not  eon.sidere<i  an  i,leal  separation,  ma.niueh  as  the 
s  line  carries  a  lar^e  amount  of  tme  sand.  In  spite  of  this.  h(nvever 
the  reeoverv  from  the  slime  has  Ken  verv  j,'ood  (over  <(.V  ,  )  since' 
the  introduction  of  the  Butters-Cassel  filter.  A  contemplated 
re-arran^vment  of  the  cones  is  e..peeted  to  improve  the  e.xtraetion 
iioni   shnu'. 

In  a  small  mill,  elassit^eat.on  requires  eonstant  attention 
MiKht  interruptions,  the  suspension  of  one  batterv  unit  (.r  anv 
variation  from  normal  ,,peratinK'  conditions,  at  onee  afTeet  the 
How  of  pulp  ,„  ,h,.  elas.siHers,  whieh  are  dependent  upon  nice 
adjustment  for  their eftieiencv.  Obviouslv,  the  larger  the  mill  the 
smoother  will  be  the  operation  of  this  system,  and  th-  less  attention 
will  It   recjuire. 

From  the  eones.  the  sand  flows  to  a  pipe  distributer  and  thence 
to  a  settlinK  vat,  of  whieh  there  are  four  on  each  side  of  the  mill 
1  he  fourth  vat  was  a.ided  after  the  completion  of  the  mill       These 
vats  were  at  hrst  provided  with  an  overflow  lip  and  a  circular  launder 
to  carrv  off  the  surplus  water.      It  was  found,  however,  that    occa- 
sional   irregularities    in    classification    resulted    in    the    settlement 
ot  slime   in    these    vats,  which  interfered   with  [,ereolation        The 
settlers  were  then  fitted  with  slime-Kates,  and  llie  overflow     from 
the   san.l-settlers,   carrvin^  a  certain  amount  of  slime,  now  runs 
to  a  centrifugal  pump  at  the  lower  end  of  the  mill,  to  be  sent  to 
the.  shme-settlers  for  clarification.     Tins  ,s  an  awkw.ml  arranL'e- 
nient,   but    was  unaNouiable   owin-  to  the   small   gradient   of  the 
niillsite. 

When  the  sand-s.,.ttler  is  fille.l,  the  surplus  moisture  is  removed 
by  a  (,oul<l  vacuum  pump,  and  the  charge  shoveled  to  •',.■  treat- 
ment vat  below.  Here  the  charge  is  given  an  eight  davs'  treat- 
ment with  a  0.!',,  and  a  0.2';  cvanide  solution,  an<l  th"..  residue 
discnarKcu   l,,    sluicing  through  a  central  bottom-discharge  door 


I  m; 


Kl-A  l-:\  I    (  V.\  Mill-    /'AM(   //(/•. 


'I'l-.r  >lilllc  is  liclnrlTil   IM  till,-  irntR'   of  a  i-Miiiral-l  >itl(jni  SfttltT. 

l-roMdi.l  with  a  run  ci\ir!!()\\\  Tlit  rr  art'  two  (if  llicsc  sctth  rs 
Mil  carh  ^iilr  cf  thr  null.  ICaili  is  allrnialcl\-  allowrd  tu  till  and 
nvrrti<i\v  for  !_'  Ikhivs.  and  allnwtd  ]_'  hours  for  sutlmi;.  A  jiipc 
di  tanlcr  <arrii  s  off  the  surjihis  walrr,  kavini;  tlif  slime  wiili  alMHit 
■'()',  inoistuu'.  Sufticirnt  stron.L;  cvanidr  solution  is  added  to 
the  ehart,'e  of  slime  to  make  a  solution  of  from  (».!."  to  ()_"  ,  evanide. 
;ind  to  i^ive  the  jiulp  a  consislinee  of  thrte  pan-  ^ohition  to  one 
of  shiiu'.  P)V  means  of  a  eentrifui,'al  ]ium]i,  the  pulp  is  transferreij 
to  an  a,L,'itatior.  with  a  steep  eone-liottom.  Hv  means  of  \alves.  the 
same  maehine  (a  :{-in.  Kro;4li  slime-immpi  is  aiijilied  to  the  aj^'ita- 
tion,  takini;  the  slime  from  the  liotlom  of  the  vat  and  throwin.t; 
It  liac  k  at  the  top.  A  suiipk^nientarv  a.i,'itation  is  '^ixeii  li\  means 
of  a  iiKehanieal  stirrer  revolvin.i;  slowiv.  The  ]iul]i  and  stirriT 
i,'i\e  an  i<kal  a,L;itation,  luin,",'  sul'tieientlv  complete  for  the  best 
results.  TIk'  i)umi>.  w  hieh  has  a  lift  (jf  about  10,  ft.,  is  run  at 
.'i".'  rev.  ptr  mill.  Thus,  at  short  intervals,  the  wiiole  content 
of  the  vat  ])assts  throu.L,di  the  pump,  where  it  is  aerated  li\-  means 
of  a  i)et-cock  on  the  suction  ])ipe.  The  stirrer  prevents  the  s.  ttle- 
nient  ot  tine  sand  at  the  junction  of  the  cone  liottoni  witii  the 
staves,  and  k(.<.i)s  up  the  ai;itatiun  during  pump  repairs.  The 
only  ripair  re(|uirc<l  in  the  pump  is  the  icplaceiilcnt  of  the  shaft 
about  once  per  month.  The  objection  urged  aj;ainst  the  centrif- 
ugal i)um])  as  an  agitator  that  it  is  ajjt  to  clog  with  slimc  during 
stoppages  -  is  not  a  sound  one.  The  'slime'  product  at  the  Com- 
bination mill  carries  a  large  amount  of  tine  sand,  and  the  pump 
has  repeatedly  been  started  up  after  stoppages  of  s«'veral  hours, 
without   the  least  troubk'. 

After  agitation,  lasting  from  12  to  IS  hours,  the  pulp  is  dis- 
charged into  a  slime  reservoir,  a  vat  of  largo  capacit.\-  provide. 1 
with  a  mechanical  stirrer  from  which  it  is  drawn,  as  required, 
for  filtration  in  the  Butters-Cas.sel  filter. 

A  filter-press  was  at  first  used  for  filtering  the  slimc.  This. 
was  an  American  machine  consisting  of  fiftv  42-in  ]dates  an(i 
2-in.  distance  frames,  and  had  a  cajjaeity  of  2^  tons  of  (dry) 
slime.  It  was  evidently  made  of  poor  material,  as  it  was  the  source 
of  exasperating  trouble  through  breakage.  The  pines  were 
continualls  cracking  unck'r  a  pressure  much  below  the  guaranteed 
maximum,  and  the  outict-coeks  getting  out  of  or(k>r  or  breaking. 
Moreover,    the    operation    of    pressing,    w;ishini.'.    and    di.sch.-ir-.'ing 


OKI:  I i<F..\TMi:\i  .!/■  r/fi-:  ri>.\iHfx.\r/().\  m/xh. 


14: 


was  cxtn'm-lv  slow,  r>'quirin,!,'  al.out  tivr  h,nirs,  an-l  ihv  oprratniK 
^■xpfnsr  Inj^'li,  n'.jinnn-  tw,.  mm  .m  cad,  of  tlu-  ihroc  shifts  at 
tlu.  ,,n.va,hn,^.  lalnrnT's  wa^o  of  S4  ,..,-  dav,  to  sav  iKnlnn-  of  the 
cost  ot  the  filtrr-cloths.  It  is  fair  to  suppose  that  one  of  the  h.«h- 
dass  t,>,vi-n  pn.sscs  of  the  Ddine  tvpe  m.^ht  have  ^iven  hetUT 
sat.start.on.  At  Ivst  ,  h.nvever.  filter-,,nss,n-  is  not  to  hv  com- 
pared with  he  system  now  in  use,  esfxeiallv  as  re-anis  eost  of 
operating',  and  tlie  completeness  of  the  wasliin.i:  ojh  rati.,n. 

Tlie  essential  jiomts  o,'  ditYeivncc  hetween  the  Ikitters-moditi- 
eat.on  ot  the  Cassel  (ilter  and  the  other  vaeuum-tiltenn^r  schemes 
are  the  extreme  simplicity  in  the  desi.i^n  of  th,'  tilter-leaf  or  fram  ■ 
and  the  lact  that  these  frames,  throughout  the  (ij.cration,  are  al- 
wa\s  staiionarv.      In  the  Comhination  i.lant   tiure  are  2n  fram 'S 
<•'  ''v    10  tt.i  set  41  ,n.  apart  in  a  hox  10  ft.  s(iuare  with  a  i„jinted 
l"-l"""  "Ul.ned  at   an  an^le  of  ."O".      The  slime-pulp  ,s  intro.luced 
'"    "'-■   I"'i"l    "'    the    ',ox.   and   a   vacuum   of  l'J   m.   „f  mcvurv   ,s 
"'■'•"•^""'■•1  tor  al.ou,  L'O  mm,  durin.^r  whuh  tune  a  cake  ,s  deposifd 
on  each  si.le   m   ,  he   Iramc.    ,'   t,,    1    in.  thick.      The   surplus  pulp  ,s 
then   withdrawn  to  tlie  slime  reservoir  an.l  the   wash  introduced, 
consiMin-   oi    a    weak   solution    of   cvanidc.      Wlun    the    .-'•..s   are' 
th"rou^L,'hlv  wa.hed.  the  weak  s,,luI,on  ,,    ^^■ithdrawn  into  it's  proper 
vat.  an.l  watM-    mtro  lueed,  tmiil  t  he    frames    are     eompleldv    im- 
nicrsed.      Tlu.  ol.j.H-!    of  this    tnial   water  ,s  to  assi.t   in  removing 
ilu^  cakes.      Mor,>  water  is  introdn.cd  mtothe  interior  of  the  fraiifs 
""'1>''-  a   low  head.      This  causes  the  <ak..s  to  drop  off  dean    into 
'''''    I'">'"'-1    '"'ttom    of   the    tllterd.ox,    whence    tluv    are    imallv 
remov.d    l,v    sluicin-.      The    wliok^    operation    re,|u,re>    about    ;{J 
liour>.  and  al.oul   nine  tons  idrv,  slim,  are  treatcl  ,it  each  cliaixv. 
die   plain,   therefore,   has  a  capacity   of  ahout    tiH  tons  per  din- 
It    is   operand   hy   one    ni;m   on   each   shift.      The   principal   power 
'■'■•jnind    IS    tor   pumpm-   the    pulj,   and    the    vare.e^    M.hilions    m 
■"^'>  '""    "•   'l><.   hltcrd.ox,  and   for  ope,at.n,,r  the    vacuum  pump 
In  additi.m,  the  ,i;,.l,l-l,ear,n,-  s,.lution  discl,ai-ed  from  the  vacuum 
pump   is   raised   ahout    Hi)   f. ,    and    forccl    throuL^l,    the   disear.led 
tilter-press  n.,w  u.ed  f,.r  danlVin-  purposes.      The  ^^■hnU^  consumes 
ah.nil    10  h.p       A    |,-,-n  p,   motor  h.-,.  Icvn  metalled   for  tin,  work 
but  has  extra  work  to  do  not  connected  immediatelv  with  liiUTinK.' 
Th..    hlter-plant    has    rcpiircl    no   repairs    sin.v    it    was    f^rsl 
operate.!  in  Febniarx   of  this  v.^ar,  and  has  w.,rke.l  m  the  most  sntis- 
I.*ci.,ry    manner.      l  ne    cost   ot    tillermg    (ex.-lusivc   of   power)    has 


•'  m 


US 


A'A'c/.-.vy  (Yw/ni-:  /'/<  \(  ik  /■:. 


lidii  rciluM  .1  fmin  !iCk  .  per  t.m  nf  slmir  in  Jamiarv  (usins,'  tiltcr- 
prcssi  1(1  •_'»'.(■  Ill  Ma\  di-iii;^'  the  Kuttrrs  ^\sictii  .  The  ]i(i\\vr 
lonsiimi.tK.ii  apiuar-,  \n  l,c  al.<.iil  llu-  saiiir  m  llic  tun  prncrsscs. 
Tn\tt)ihtit  ,'/  Sulphide  (>>,-.  This  ore  is  i-nislu.l  lo  !_'  iiusli. 
Ill  t\vi]  ti\r-stain[.  liatt(i-i(>.  ami  run  dviv  platrs  tn  takr  up  the 
small  quaiititN-  nf  fnr.^(,],l  pi\  Miit  Sir  I'li,'.  1".  A  i  lassititr  at 
tile  mil  (.f  Ihr  ]'latc-tniy  miK.xts  the  rnarsf  saml  an.l  ■.ulplu.ir. 
wliiili  u"  III  a  \\'illlr\-  ri.iiii  iiiratdr:  the  <i\vr(lc,w  ni  ^U'.ur  an^l  tiiic 
san.i  pa-Mii-  tn  \hv  ,,ut.  r  lip  n|  a  Br\;m  null.  ( )nr  Willlcv  taM.'. 
tlici-ftni-c,  n  nin\  ( s  the  >(iarsr  sulj.liidr  frmn  lln'  pni.juct  nl'  tin 
"^taiiip-  .nisliiiiL:  I.,  l.'ni.sh.  Tlir  lailiil'4  iVnni  ihr  WiUlrV  is 
raisti!  m  a  lnu  l-ct -clr  vatnr  tn  a  lir\  an  null,  wliuli  .rii-lK  s  it  in 
4(1    iii.-h    (Xn     II   -Initcl    Mivmi.       Thf    tailm-    fmni    ilir    lirxaii 


^J  —1 

4«**  »^'*  ■■ 

•^aiis 

'^S^f        ' -J 

IJ  :i,^ 

*-  at  i-  .  #  k  *V'*>j 

.  -,,;.    !.">       'I'n  ainu  i.l    .  I    >, 


null  inin>  tlir  sin  am  nl"  slimc  I'mni  tlir  small  ila--siti,.r  an^l  pa-.M  s 
In  l.iuf  (i-tt .  l-"fur  \aiiiur-.  lit  IT  a  lar-c  <|uanliP  nt  hnc  sulplmU' 
is  riiiin\i,l.  Tilt'  l-"nif  tailiiiL;  is  ilun  tlt'.ali'l  li\-  a  sand-pump 
In  a  (  lassitu  r  ^l-nM  a  4  \  \  12  ft,  AMm'  tulif-mill  i<\  th,-  inmnmn 
t>'pf.  'I'lif  fniic  atts  as  a  tlassitu  r  as  will  as  a  dt-w  att  niiu;-  df- 
\-iff.  Thf  cnarsf  san<i  j.asst  s  In  llif  tu!-.  uuil;  the  slinif  n\t  rtlnw 
jniiis  tlif  tailiii'.;  from  thf  luhf-mill  and  -nfS  tn  tlirtf  Willicv 
shmt-taMi  s  ,,f  il„.  hitt  st  palttrn.  Thf  ta.iliii.L;  I'mm  thf  last, 
fniisistmi;  nt  sliiiif  and  tnif  -anil,  is  c  K  \att  d  in  thf  tniii  -tlassilit  r 
in  thf  nri-mal  null,  wdurf  it  is  nu.xi  d  unh  thf  n\i,li/t  d  tailing; 
anil  in  atf.l  in  thf  f\anidf  plant 

This  plant  was  nnl\-  opt  ratt  d  a  ft  w  d,a\s,  and  tin  n  shut  dnwn. 
jnndni'4  tin  mstallatinn  ot'  t  \vn  Willk  v  slinii -tal.li  s,  niakiiiL,'  thfff 
in  all,  thf   tirst   liavinj;  l.ttn  sti   up  t  xpc  rinif  ni  allw      Duniii,'  this 


'  >A'/-.  TI<I:.\  IMI:M   .  \  /    Till:  (  ,  >MH/\.  1  /  /,  ,,\   MIX/-:       1  If. 

short  run  the  results  uvr.  v.  rv  ,,r.,m,M„,.  (),  ,1k-  In.al  ,,r,.,lu,t 
fn.m  th,.  slnm-tal.l.,  s7'  ,  ,,ass.,i  th,.,,,,,,  ..(Ml  „„  sh.  an.l  ,!„•  thnv 
stairs  of  n.k,.„„„  .,,„,,.,,  ,,  ,,,,,„^  ,,,^  .  „na  „,  nu  „.„'^,  ,f  ..v.r 
W  ,  ot  thr  ,onta,m.l  ^oM.  Wuh  tlu-  >  va„„i.  ,r.a>„um  of  th. 
Mim-  tanm^:,  a  ronf,nnati,m  ot  ,  lu-  small  nnll-run  ,s  cKurnr<] 
namclv.  Ix-ttrr  than  !I0'  ,    nco\i  rv. 

It  ,s  ,oo  soon  to  ^nv  tl,r  n  suits  ,,f  tul.c-tmll  w,,rk,  Th,  nnll 
's  hm.,  w„h  _'i-,n,  s,kx  M.Kks.  u  huh  w,ll  1,.  r.,.la.,,l  l,v  hlo.ks 
4  in,  thick. 


l-'.ir.    Hi       Tii!r-.\!,1I    .:;>,I    WillKy    Shiiu-'n,!  ,!t  s. 


Inn,,„alion  is  a.onnphslu  ,i  ,n  th.  usual  wav  l,v  m.ans 
of  7AU.  shavniK.  Th.  solutions  ar.  ndu  r  than  an.  usuallv  scvn  ,n 
cyani.l..   mills,  nadnn,  as   h„h  as  on.    oun.v    p.  r    ,„„„,    ,„1,1 

Owtn^.o  th..  al,s,.n,v  .,rs,lu:-,  uh,d.  un,h,ul„.,iiv  ,aol,tat.:thc 
prccip.ia.ion  ot  ,..1,1,  a  v, fv  lar,v  .,„.  surfa..  is  n  ,|u,r.,l  Tli. 
prcopitat.   ts   re.in.,!    w.th   sulphur,.  a.„i    an,i   s,„.l,..l    „,   ^   „oi- 

tuma..,  with  Kasohnc'.  a  pow.  rlul   i.t   l,.,n.'  m,-„n,a.n,..l   : „_  . 

oi  a  small  upn,i,'ht  L.vn.r  .omp,vs.sor.  "^ 


^^fl 


150 


/\7-.(  /-.A  /    (   r.l.V//;/-,   /7\M(   //( 


The    fdllowii 


il('tail'<  of  rost^  for  millinj,'  ami   c 


din 


k'  ifi- 


iluati'   a    few  of  the   <liftirultit'S   nut    with   in   ati   isolatiMl  district 


wliirc   tlir   lost,  of  su[i]]l 
unusualh'  hi 
_)f  s 


U'S. 


and   of   hdior, 


lower, 


an 


water  arc 


k'li^ 


And  tl 


icn  It  must  !n'  liornc  m  mind  tliat  the  md 


IS  oi  small  capai  It  \ 


Tl 


ir  chani,'!'  from  steam  to 


dci'tri( 


the  latter 


iein>,'  furnished  \iv  a  local  c<inccrn  Mi.eratini;  a  '.Ml-tnilc 


transmission   Ihk 


d   \h 


-.'    ol    ]io\M  r    trom    a    maximum 


S'inu--AL,'nalion    \'ai. 


of  S1.7;{  ]Kr  Ion  i  januar\-  ]WH\\  to  SO  7(1  (Mav.  HKKIi.  \Vc  have 
ah-cady  noted  the  i,'reat  reduction  in  ctjst  cffet-ied  1>\-  introlucin^,' 
a  new  fih(  rini,'  s\stein  for  slime.  The  marked  dicreasc  in  opera- 
ting,' exp(  nsc  during  Fehruary  was  ilue  to  increasing.;  the  capacity 
oi     iiie    mui    l.y    annexin,^'    i()    stamps,    mai<inj;   _'U  m  all.      While 


' 'A'/-;  y  /v7-..  1  T\i/:\r  . i  /•  / ///,  , , iua'/.w i  rii >x  .u/.w.,  i .-,1 

"»'  ""al  . 11,11, nv;  an,l  rv;u,„!,n,;  ,  ust   nf  s'siis  ,„  ,■  i,,„  ,,,.„„  |„„,, 
ir    ,s    rcalh     nut    m,    u  Ik  n    lural    ,  ,.,„lili,,ns    a,v    o.nsi.kTc.i       iT.s 
.^xpcrtr.i    that    furtlR.,-  tT,,-,n,l,„u.nt    u-,n   s,„,n   mt    tl„.   ,ioun   to 

■'*•»    pc  ,-    tdll. 

Thr  ,vr,,v.fv  in  tl,r  n„l|  an,l  rvan,.i,  plant  lias  attatn.Ml  a 
niaxumun  .,t  'Xi'  ,  f,,,-  s,.v,  ral  >„nM  .utiv,  „„,ntli..  an.I  lias  av,.,-auod 
<>\vv   itO   jur   (  ,  tit 


!fi 


'     1' 


T..U1  roft  . 


f  H'irr  rhPTntrnts 


hih 


\n,i 


(V'.mIi' 


T.ital  I:,!, 


iVjttrr>  ^liIn(■■^llt4•^ 


T.iilinR  iliiiii 


FlIliT  |irr.s 


^        .Nllutinn   IlllMl    . 


On-  ti, 


t-  3  "♦  £  t- 

-S  £  'T^  V 

5  i'  3  o    — 
i      oooo    " 


TmuI 


''(•(nT:il  I  xtn-rw 


oo 

O 

.1 

M;iirit*T;irir 

;^ 

:iii.| 

So 

o 

rfpjur-, 

oo 

I, 

" 

I-l|{^llTlK. 

23= 

—  ^ 

oooo© 

t^ 

-i 

;;?5- 

P - 

l-uhrniititiK 

Riipiili'ii 


i.«Ih 


Suj.|.li.s 
l,al...r 


ooo  o  o 
oo  o  oo 


—  ooo  —      * 

OOOOO      zj 


-13)-.  — -r      ^               .                                              '    SupplwH 
roS-r^^      -  :^         (\:irM(|inK.  , 

OOOOO      ^  - 


isss^  i 


C      <'"li"r'tr;itiiiK 


SupiJllR 


ocoo     I  V.  :ii.i:.Uai„:.linK.  ,,.|„,r 

"7  '%  ^    - 

•r  J  55  r3     "c  ^ 

o565      rt  ..       '>iJ>liinK  and  •-leva  inR 


lO  r^  f -^T 
i   OOOOO 


i 


\\;it4'r  ;in(l  |iiiiii|>i[iK  . 
C       li.iilmg 


C4  CO  A  e-4  oo  I 

0<0«i-w>  I 

m 

■CnrOf«C>4  1 

^  **J  <*3  f^  to 
OOOOO 

I  Rpssa 

I  OOO  — o 
I  T*  gc  a»  «n  e-« 

I   OOOOO 

§Or-»^- 
o5o 
'  oooo 
a<5  —  ri^ 

OOOOO 
I   OOOOO 

'  t-«c»c  o  -o 

I  o  eo  CO  -r  c  i 
I  0000& 

I    OOOOO 

sissi 

•   OOOOO 
j      *".  f-'^Cft* 

M  |^*  ?i  eo  CO 

I  OOOOO 
I  »0«0'r^  «o 

_•    OOOOO 

omo3« 

I  ?^»-.  — — o 
»«  -^  CO  CO  c- ( 


I  OOOOO 

I  '^*  *"  "S  »—  >^ 

'  io  -r  CiifoCO 

'  OOOOO 

I   OOOOO 

!  ^oooo ' 

IPS  .  .  .i 


9         I  '      — 


;l 


■^     '     'C    Mill    ■MHTinu-Mliiit 
,  OOOOO     -  "•      Or,.  ,„ns. 


3g^SS 


tOOl  ^-(--  to  ' 
I  »-  —  CO  OD  r^  1 

I   —  — -lOO  • 
go  q_e  o 

O  O  O  to  kO 


'■C  O  O  ut  u?       = 


rr.j 


iiS^^:  II 


si. 

mill 


FILTER  MACHINES 


Thr  Editor: 

Sir  In  view  of  thf  scarcity  of  htiTatun'  touching  ihv  Moore 
;in(l  Butters  pr.nt  s.scs,  some  comment  on  Mr.  R.  (Oilman  Brown's 
recent  papers  may  he    of  interest. 

The  process  at  Bo(he  differs  from  that  at  Telluride  (as  dt  scriht-d 
in   77i<-/-.n^';mvr/>n;  and  M iunt^  Journal,  ^uly  7,   litOGi  in  a  notable 
point,  the  cak"  heinj;  lilown  off  hy  air  mto  a  hoj)per  instead  of  by- 
water  mto  the  wash-vat.      The  latter  method  is  liistinctlv  advan- 
taKef)us  as  the  strain  on  the  tihers  is  considerable,  while  air  cjuickly 
enlar^'cs  leaks.      Further,  a  stoppa>,'e  of  a  few  iiiinutts  cau.sed,  for 
examjile,  by  a  circuit-breaker  bein),'  thrown  out,  will  cause  a  con- 
siderable  j)()rtion  of  the   cake   to  drop  into  the   wash-vat,  which 
is  both  inconvenient  and  expensive,  unless  the  vat  is  designed  for 
pulp  discharge.     The  photograph  given  by  Mr.  Brown  shows  that 
the    baskets   are   likely   to   hang  so  unevenly  that   to  use    water, 
the  basket  being  hung  up,  would  consume  much  time  or  give  a 
faulty  discharge  at  the  high  end.     The  discharge  of  cake  by  water 
when  the  basket  is  immersed,  is  perfect,  while  discharge  by  air 
entails  scraping  at  the  edges.     A  great   disadvantage  of  moving 
baskets  is  that  an  accident  to  the  somewhat  complex  moving  gear 
l)uts  more  than  one  basket  out  of  commission,  while,  if  the  pulleys 
of  the  hoisting  chains  wear  far,  there  is  a  chance  of  an  awkward 
accident  thnjugh  a  chain  slipping  one  or  more  links.     The  ability 
to  rai.se  the   baskets,   however,   facilitates  replacing  leak      filters. 
In  the    Butters   process  it   is  to  be  expected  that   the   unmoved 
filters    will    outlast    those    raised    and    air-distended;    but    l)esidcs 
this  we  ha\e  an  econom>-  in  labor.     To  raise  and  discharge  a  basket 
takes   half  an  hour  and  the  basket-man's   whole   attention,   while 
in  the  Butters  process  his  duty  is  mainly  to  turn  the  valves.      With 
the  charging  and  washing  intervals  given  by  Mr.  Brown,  two  bas- 
kets would  keep  a  man  busy,  while  he  would  be  badlv  ovi-rworked 
with  quick  charges  Hke  those  obtained  by  Mr.  Lamb  on  Goldfield 
■ore. 


r^  . 


Bisbee,  Arizona,  September  7. 


WHAT  IS  sli.mk; 


Tllr    K.litnr: 

Sir      Slinic  is  i:nu   nrciMni;  m,  mu,  I,  ^,it,nti..„  arnl  is  s,,  ,,,n 
-pulsus  a  t.atur,'  m  nw  iRatnui.t  lliat  tlinv  >,  ,  ,,,,  ,,,  l„.  ■,  i,n,u- 
nil;  .lisj„,s,ti..n  t.,  .1,  siLjiiaii    sonu    measure  .,1  nii.ii,  ss  u  hi.  li  .sl:all 
ilitiiic  il  ari'l  rm.  i\c  i,'rnrral  mnLjiiitiiui 

We  kiK.u-  shiiir  II. ,u-  as  a  i.mditi(,n  of  pulp  ,hat  n.|iiir.s 
an.iitiun  nm,-,.  .,r  1,  s>  <hUvrvM  In.ni  that  ,t;iv,  n  to  san.l  In  iiiv 
"ui,  .xprruiu..  1  havr  luu,„l  that  shnu-,  as  u  app.ars  to  us,  is 
if.t  altM.i,-,thrr  a  matter  nt  .•xtrciiir  (nirtirss,  hut  the  tiianruT  of 
<'vatin«  It  ,s  also  a  fa,  tor,  Arration  in  process  of  crushing;  Kreatl. 
inercascs  thr   \isual  cNnlctuc  ot  sluni'. 

Manx  v.ars  a;^o  I  ha,i  1m  en  erushin.i,'  an  ore  with  staini.s 
iisin-  hut  httle  water,  an.l  tl,e  pulp  ueni  lar^'elv  to  slm.e,  although 
a  inediun,  screen  was  use.l.  \ear-hv  a  !an,.e  slou-i  raveling 
nnlean  mill  was  installed  and  U.^an  crushing  on  tlu-  same  ore 
Instea.l  of  screens  th.v  use.!  (!.,,, i  nverfluw,  about  IS  in.  ahove 
the  .lie.  T.)  mv  surj.ns...  th.iv  xsas  no  evidence  of  shin..  ,n  the 
vat  whieh  re.cnc-.l  the  j.ulj..  th,'  water  fiowin-  awav  from  it  clear. 
In  this  ease  theiv  was  no  possihie  ,,,„tact  of  air  with  the  pulp  at, 
or  after,  its  erushinj,',  as  the  ,sf.-<  am  had  hut  a  j,'.nt!e  tiow 
falUnj,'!  from  the  mill  to  the  ,!il.  For  eon 
that  aerati.m  of  jjulj)  is  not  .1.  s,raMc\ 


(without 
eentr.i  ;on,  it  is  plain 


San  Franciseo,  Oetober  ,'i. 


M    I'    Boss. 


■■' 


Tin:  ACTION  OF  OXVCKX   IX  CV.WIDI': 
SOLUTIONS 

[i\     II      jl    I.IAN 

(  i.  1..1..T  .'7     I'lDIi 

*A  lii.nht  li.is  lur  Sdinr  time  rxi^^tfil  as  lu  the  acciitacv  n\  the 
generally  acrcpted  idea  that  free  nxy^m  is  iiriiiiarilv  fssiiitia; 
fnr  the  liissohuKin  ot  ^nli\  in  eyaniilo  solulinns.  acenni;  to  the 
o<Hiatii>n 

4KCv    .    JAu    •    f)    ■    up       JKAuCy,    •    .'KOII 
Ivxperiiiieiits   are   'lescriljeil    which   l:<)   tn  sh'iw    (|i    that   free 
<ixyj;;en  pla\s  ii<.  iiriinary  j-art  in  the  reaetion,  (_'>  that  anv  assis. 
tanec  '^\\vn  \>y  free  cixvi,'en  is  nl  a  seeumlarv  iiatun',  and  i.Ji  th  i 
free   nx\i;i-n   cxirts   a    retarding;   inlhietire 

'I'he  exiieriiiienls  show  that  tile  L;al\  annnu  ter  •-■iiits  tn  tht- 
Jjresence  of  fre(  ox\L;ell  as  ha\  iiii,'  a  retar.hilL;  iiitlueiue  (in  the 
dissolution  of  the  i,'old,  whereas  the  lialan(e  points  t.,  u  Ijeini,'  r)f 
niatenai  assistanee  The  eause  of  tlie  two  inslnmu  iit  ■,  not  ai,'ree- 
int;  is  discussed,  anil  is  attributed  to  the  iMrmalion  of  l.xal  \oltaic 
circuits  Tliese.  in  the  tirst  instance,  deposit  hvdroueti  and  oxv- 
,1,'en,  \\hi(  h  it  nia\-  lie  assumed,  lieconie  (jccludeil  a;  their  respec- 
tive electrodes  until  the  system-,  are  in  c'|uihhriuiii  It  is  pointed 
out  that  the  cyanogen  lea\es  tlu  s,,lutinn  tii  oml.ine  with  the 
K'oM  ratlier  than  that  1,'oM  particles  pass  into  the  si.Kuinn.  and 
It  IS  shown  that  cyanoi,en  docs  not  lea\e  the  Solution  until  the 
dcjiosited  nxy^cn  lia-  l.een  occlude<l  to  a  certain  dei^ree  of  ccm- 
eentrati'.ii.  The  reason  for  this  is  that  the  expt'nditure  of  energy 
necessary  to  ri'iuove  oxyj,'en  from  the  solution  is  less  than  that 
tiocossary  to  remo\e  cyaiiotren ;  hut  when  oxvLjen  is  occluded  to 
a  certain  (  on<  filtration,  the  exiu'nditure  of  enerev  then  ue.essarv 
to  eause  the  metal  to  oci  hide  a  furtlu'r  amount  heeomes  as  .threat 
as  that  netes-ary  to  ln'L;in  to  renio\e  eyanoj^'en  from  the  solution. 
The  availahle  enen;y  is  obtained'  from  the  metal  and  solution, 
and  it  follows  that  wlien  tlic  soluti(;n  is  very  dilute  the  available 
enerjjy  is  too  small  to  remove  cyanoj;en,  oxygen  being  then  alone 


•.M.^tmit   from  /.>./■>«     I j,.,.fi.i(,,.„AV,'.;'r(.   iT.piir.-,!  by  thp  uuthor  ,in.l  puMishcd  in  the 


A7-;(7-;.vy  <  r.i.v//;/-;  i'R,\crich.. 


-Iqiositrd,  [■rem  tliis  it  niav  \,v  r.nijcctuml  tiiat  no  nirtal  at'tuallv 
cnmh.m's  with  oyancjjen  until  the  s(,luti..n  has  a  certain  mini- 
iniiin  stri'njjth. 

Tiu'  prrscm..'  (,f  (iissolvci  oxygen  in  the  sohition  lias  a  soc- 
on.iary  cllivt  in  thf  process  „f  .liss<,l«ti<m,  l,v  ..xidizin,!,'  the  occluded 
hy,irc.,u:en  produced  tnrou-h  the  action  in  the  local  voltaic  cir- 
cuits. This  results  in  upsetting  the  c(,uilil,riuni.  an.l  intro.lucinK 
into  the  .ircuits  concentration  ^as  cells,  which  soon  hrin^  alnmt 
equihhnuni  a,L,'ain,  I,ut  this  time  with  oxvt,ren  at  l.oth  electrodes 
at  .Mierent  concentrations,  instead  of  hy,iroKen  an.l  oxvi,'en.  If. 
now.  excess  of  diss.ilved  oxygen  ditTuses  to  either  of  the  erectrodes 
the  equilibrium  is  a.^^ain  ups-'t,  and  an  l-.M.!'.  is  uonerate.l  hx  the 
Ras  cell  ,n  opp,,sition  t(,  the  H  .M.F.  Kcncratcl  l,v  the  metal  onplc 
the  nit  r.'sult  l.cin,-.  <,f  curse,  a  current  m  the  directi-n  of  the' 
k-reater  V.MV.  .\^  the  slrcnj^-th  of  the  solution  increases  after 
a  ertam  p-ant,  the  ••..M.F,  due  to  J,e  metal  couple  increases 
rapidly,  whereas  that  due  t-,  the  oxv,L;en-c  •  lecntration  cell  remains 
constant  or  increases  onl\-  slowl\-. 

'Hh-  increase  i.i  the  K..M.F.  <,f  th-  metal  couple  appears  t,. 
I"'  lar^'clv  due  to  the  formation  of  AuCv,  a  compound  havin  -  a 
hi-h  potential,  which  a,  ts  as  an  .•lectrode.  This  deposits  m  tilms 
varymu  m  .icnsitv  or  thickness  to  .,  maxinuun  with  tlu'  stren^'th 
ol  the  solution.  A  cuple  results  of  .\u  AuC\.  Afte.-  this  sta^e 
of  the  pnuess.  when  AuCy  is  formcl.  oxv-.n  ,  .vises  to  .•xert  an 
mriueiu-..  That  is  t.,  sav,  tl...  metal  pass.s  ,  n,  s.,lution  hv  the 
>u(y  .l,.solvin:,r  „i  ,iie  p.itassuim  .yani.le  s.,luti.ni.  as  one  salt 
.Ii-s.i|\,'s   111   til.'  solution   of  an.ither. 

Th.'  .Tf.vt  ,,f  the  uas  cell  is  best  ol.servc.l  in  hi-hlv  .lihif 
s.luti.ins  at  ordinary  or  1..W  temperatures.  Ai<- r  a  certain  strength 
IS  attame.l,  .Icpen.ient  on  t.  nip.crature,  the  effect  ..f  th.'  ^as  cell 
IS  entirely  masked.  Al  the  hi.;h,T  t.'m,K.ratur.s  the  F.M.F  ..f 
the  pas  cell  .liminishes,  with  a  .•orivsp.ni.lin..,'  incrcas.^  in  the  F 
-V  I-.  ..f  the  Au-AuCv  .ouplc  At  !..„lin-  pomt  the  ivtanlin^' 
oxy^,'en  elhrt  ..!  th,.  ^as  .vll  on  tlu'  .lis..,Uui..n  .,f  tlu'  m.-fal  prac- 
t'cally  dis.-.jiears. 


SOME  TAILIXG  SAMPLERS 
Bv  R.  Oilman-  Brown- 

NMVcr.il.(T  .(    lllOI'ii 

It  is  hardly  too  much  to  say  that  of  taii-'riK  samplers  there 
should  he  no  enci.  ami  the  description  of  go(jd  devices  of  this  class 
at   least   serves  the  laudable   end   of  removing,'  the   underijinning 


-*:■» 


-TT  i/i     ,  I  fi  .  .  .  ^i-rff  "f""    \ 


=-1.^ 


n 


— ij_- 


'S— 


i^r 


Fig  IS.    Tiiihnj,'  ^aini)iiT  in  I'so  at  the  Yni-r  Mill,  W.  C. 


from  those  who  still  evade  the  use  of  such  devices.      It  can  not 
but  be  remarkable  that,  even  at  this  late  dav  when  so  much  ha.^ 


15S 


Ri-'.cKxr  (  )\\.\ii)i:  /'v  i(  T/(  I-:, 


tu'cn  urittiTi  (if  the  m-r<\  ni  a  -iyst.-iiiatir  vhvck  on  iiiillini,'  work. 
It  shouM  lu'  ralluT  the  rxcfption  to  find  autoinatii-  sain[)UTs  in- 
stalli'il  in  sinalk'T  mills. 

It  is  not  the  I'ViTN  (lay  iiuTlianic  who  can  devise  a  maehine 
wlneh  at  re,t,'ular  intervals  ean  he  .;elf-i:isti'^'ate.l  to  take  a  quiek 
eut  through  a  stream  of  tailin-.  and  many  of  the  de\  iees  fur- 
nished l,y  mamifaeturers  are  open  to  ol.je(  tion  on  the  s.-ore  of  hii;h 
eost.  limited  ;idaj.taliilit  w  and  eoniiilieate.i  meehanism.  The 
two  illustrated  herewith  are  i)raetieal  maehines.  whieh  have  hei'n 
installed  l.v  home  taleiii  and  have  stond  the  test  of  l,,ni,'  operation. 
The  lirst,  illustrated  in  I'il;.  I.  2.  and  :•!,  samples  the  tailinj,' 
from  the  Ynur  mill,  m  Uritish  Columhia,  Jt  ean  lie  deserihed 
as  lollows:  .1  is  a  \ertieal  ehute  down  whieh  the  tailini;  flows. 
/>  IS  a  sanii)hn-  l.ox  with  '  ,,,-in.  sl,,t  suspemled  liv  the  han.;ers 
./  J.  whi(  h  ari'  free  to  swin-  Im-oiii  the  spout  of  I)  the  sample 
runs  into  the  reeeptaele  /;.  the  apron  .1/  i^^uiards  a-ainst  splash, 
and  (  .  with  its  inclined  eo\  vr,  further  proicts  the  sample  from 
acvidental  saltin-  When  the  sampler  is  in  the  positi.m  shown, 
the  tailin-  MR'am  falls  into  the  hopprr  /\'  The  aetuatm-  devue 
IS  shown  at  the  ri'dit  o|  |-i-,  1,  /•'  is  a  w.ater  pij.e  with  a  re-ulat- 
m-  \alve.  /•.  is  a  water  ean  seeured  <v. mt  ri(  all  v  on  a  crank-shaft  (J 
an. I  held  \erlical  l.\-  an  adjustal.le  wei-lit  //.  The  crank,  through 
n-  conn.viin-  rod  and  fork  /,  .■auM-s  //  to  swin-  l.a.k  and  forth 
thron-h  til,,  stri'ani  of  taihn;.,' 

The  opcratiun  is  as  f..|l..ws-  When  the  water  drijipini;  from 
/'  ''''^  reached  the  pn.pcr  p.oim,  it  o-,  crl.alances  the  countcr- 
wciidit  //.  and  /•:  turns  down  toward  the  left,  spills  its  water  into 
the  housnii;  /.  and  is  cirri. -d  an.un.l  hv  its  in.'rli.i  t..  its  ..rii.;in;d 
position.  raiMii-  th,  latch  .V  a.  it  , .asses  an.l  then  fallin.^'  hack 
a.jamsi  it.  Hy  a.ljustniciu  ..f  //.  tin.  .an  he  nia.K'  t..  happ.n 
with  liitl,'  jar.  It  is  case  ;..  re-ulat.>  this  .Icvi,,'  D  take  samples 
in.ni  l.v,'  minute  int. 'reals  up  t..  :i(l.  H  an.l  /•.'  are  tin  ..nlin.arv 
•"■;-•''-  '"•'!  "il  .ans  .It  .■.iniini'i-ce.  it  siioiiM  he  u.ite.ltliat  m 
li.t;  ■'!  tile  .utu.itin-  .l,\in'  has  hen  ..mitte.l.  ,in.l  in  i'i,;  2,  the 
api-.in  .U.  The  otlu'r  .l,\ice  is  inMalle.J  at  the  c\ani.le  plant 
..I  the  same  <imipanv  Here  .1  i|-i,;,  i  .y  ,;  ,  j^  the'tailin-  ihule 
and  the  samplm-  \,uk  H  is  suspcn.lcl  in  the  same  wav  as  helore, 
with  the  ^■\,,p|i,,Il  that  the  h,im;cr  is  lu'tit  fr..m  a  sin,<;le  piece 
of  iron;  tin-,  eonstru.  ti.  .n  is  .U'tiian.le.l  hecause  the  eonneetinK 
ro,l   /   w.irks  only  on  ..ne  si. l.v      Th.'  actualin).;   device  is  a  llutter 


X'.u/-.  r.\/ij.\(,  >ami'ij-:rs. 


i.-,'.> 


wheel  6"  in  the  tailini^'-laumlcr  driving'  the  tjnxived  wheel  /■."  thiouuh 
the  mecHuiii  of  a  emsseil  eonl.  Hani^'inj,'  Uh>sv  of  the  shaft  of  /•; 
is  a  heavy  arm  of  iron  (  .  I'onneeteil  l,y  /  to  the  sainphn<,f-hox. 
The  pi;i  D  earries  C  around  with  K  until  it  reaehes  the  position 
shown  in  Fi^'.  4.  From  this  position  C  falls  hy  its  own  wt'ij,du  to 
its  lower  ])osition,  swini;ini,'  the  sample-box  throu.ijh  the  stRam. 
In  the  lower  i)osition  it  remains  until  D  eatehes  u\>  with  it.  when 
it  is  carried  around  a^'ain  to  the  upper  position.  Duruii;  this 
movement  it  swin^,'s  H  lunk  still  further  out  of  the  sue. nil.  This 
is   a    very   jiretty   meelianieal   arran.i,'<'nH-nt    and    works   admiralilv. 


f6  ■* 


j.yy.iiff"-^*" 


Fi>,'.    19      Another  Siimplint;  Device. 

The  use  of  the  flutter  wheel  is,  however,  open  to  ohjeetion  in  that 
the  time  interval  at  whieh  the  sample  is  taken  varies  somewhat 
with  the  quantity  of  pulp  passing.  Assume  that  half  the  mill 
is  hung  up;  if  under  this  condition  the  wheel  C/  revolves  half  as 
fast,  the  sample  interval  will  he  doubled,  and  as  there  is  but  half 
as  much  tailing  dropping  from  .4,  the  amount  of  sample  taken 
for  this  period  will  be  one-quarter  of  normal,  when  to  give  true 
results  It  should  be  one-half.  With  half  the  flow,  no  doubt  the 
wheel  (i  would   not  slow  (loun  to  the  .'^..Tnie  ■•'i\:-.:\     ••.■.:•.    ;t  -.-.r,.  .'.> 


m 


160 


A7-;(  EAT  CY.\\!.')F.   PKACTICE. 


slow  (iown  sliKhtly,  and  observation  of  the  sampler  in  operation 
shows  this  to  be  the  case.  Moreover  under  the  best  of  conditions 
the  speed  of  C  is  not  uniform,  so  that  a  better  arrangement  would 
be  to  hav.  /•:  actuated  through  the  medium  of  some  reduction 
gearing  from  the  mill-shafting  or  from  a  water-wheel  driven  by  a 
stream  that  can  be  regulated. 


COPPER  IN  C'VAXIDE  SOLUTIONS 


(\iivcnil<-r  H.  IBOC) 


The   Editor: 


Si 


ir- 


I  noti'  what  C.  A.  Arcnts  says  about  copper  precipi- 
tating on  zinc  shaving',  and.  havinj,'  had  a  similar  experience,  I 
can  a,i,'ree  with  him  that  ojjjier  may  not  he  a  hindrance  to  f,'ood 
precipitation. 

Two  years  a.i,'o  I  was  operating  a  cvanide  plant  in  the  desert 
country,  treatinj;  a  dun  p  of  old  pan-mill  tailing.  One  mill  had 
burned  down  there,  and  there  were  numerous  small  pieces  of 
burned  copper  jilate  mixed  with  the  sand.  The  copper  did  not 
bcpn  to  show  until  the  jilant  had  been  running'  about  four  months. 
The  concentration  of  copper  in  the  solution  was  probably  due 
to  the  fact  that  no  wash-water  or  weak  solution  left  the  plant 
except  that  cxistinjr  in  the  residues  as  moisture. 

Copper  bc^ran  to  show  first  on  the  fresh  zinc  that  was  put 
in  the  lower  boxes  an<i  in  a  month  or  six  weeks  it  had  worked 
up  to  the  head  boxes.  I  was  somewhat  alarme<i  at  first,  and 
tried  to  keep  it  off  by  adding  cyanide  to  the  filter-box.  The 
stronj/er  solution  would  take  it  otT  in  a  few  hours  but  only  to  be 
back  ajjain  the  next  mornin),'.  I  took  daily  samples  (for  a  while) 
of  the  solution  leavinjr  the  boxes,  f)ut  they  only  assayed  a  trace 
to  a  few  cents,  when  the  solution  entering  ayeragcd  about  fiye 
dollars  per  ton. 

The  Kold  seemed  to  precipitate  on  the  copper-coyered  shay- 
m^  so  that  there  were  shades  from  bright  copper,  bronze,  to  black. 
There  was  also  mercury  in  the  sand  which  was  taken  up  by  the 
solution  and  precipitated,  causing  some  of  the  shaying  to  look 
like  siher. 

The  yalue  of  the  precipitate  shipped  was  about  816  per  lb. 
before  the  copper  began  to  show,  and  gradually  it  decreased  to 
about  s,S  per  lb.  But  with  the  exception  r.f  making  a  lower  grade 
precipitate,  the  copper  did  no  harm  whateyer.  and  the  precipita- 
tion   was  as   good   after  as   before. 

_  K.    I).   CllA.NDl.ER. 

Kociiiurd,  S.  D.,  October  li. 


Ml 


TLHJi-.MlLL  IJXIXC, 


K'    l-Mitiir 

Sir      In    \-nnr    issue    ni    Julv 


..  .  -'^.  l"l"i.  I  iTU'l  wirli  pleasure 
tlie  artule  ,,n  -rulK -Mill  Linm.,^;  ,n  whiel,  the  Harrv  l,.,„eve.Hnl, 
I-  'lescrihed  and  illustraUNl, 

'Hirre   is   no  dnui.t    that    this   ,,,.,..„,    ^s   a   -reat    iniprnvetnent 
on   the  s.lex  hnmg  whieh   the   Waihl  Cu.   ,miM,rte,i   with   their  tul.e- 


■ii;    .'(I       A    Tul.r-Mill 


niihs  Aiivune  who  has  had  exjierienee  with  the  silex  lining/ 
know.,  hou  exjiensive  anri  trouhlesonie  it  is  when  used  for  wet 
unn.HnK.  an,l  eonsequentiv  will  weleonie  anv  inii)rovcnient  in 
the  matter  of  innial  eost  and  niaintena  ee.  The  ordinarv  iron 
or  steel  liner,  with  siiKx.th  inner  surface,  is  also  unsatisfactorv, 
for.  <,wini  to  the  stones  slidinj^  and  thereby  l.ee..niinj;  Hat,  nnieh 
■'i   iiiiii   eiiii  leiiey  for  j^'nndin^  is  lost. 


Tl  HE  MILL   LI  mm;. 


io:{ 


Havin),'  run  tuhc-mills  for  some  considcrahlc  lime,  j^'rinding 
the  sandy  p(.rtinn  of  the  pulp  from  stam{)s,  crushinj,'  hard  ore 
thn)U),di  all  j^radi'S  ol  wire-screen  from  :{()  mesh  down  to  !0  mesh, 
and  having,'  had  trouhle,  owinj,'  to  tlie  use  of  smooth  iron  imers. 
I  set  to  work  and  hrouj,dit  out  an  improve<l  iron  liner,  whieh 
consists  of  se^'inents  of  a  special  hard  mixture  of  iron,  costuij,' 
lis.  ])er  i\vt.  (say.  threi'  cents  per  ]]nun(ii,  when  manufactured 
into  liners.  These  liners  are  4  ft.  lonj,'  and  \\  in.  thick,  and  ari' 
of  such  a  width  that  12  form  a  tircle  of  4  ft  diam.,  which,  is  tlie 
diameter  of  the  tuhe-mill.  Instead  of  having'  holes  east  for  holts, 
they  have  only  iwo  half  holes  on  each  l.m^'  edj,'e.  Over  the 
junction  of  each  jjair.  a  cast-iron  hai  L'J  in.  scjuare  is  iilaced  and 
bolted  liy  two  sciuare-headed  holts  throu^di  the  lining  ;ind  outer 
shell  of  the  tuhe-mill.  Thus  there  are  12  cast-iron  hars  which 
run  lonj,'itudinally  through  the  mill,  and  the  ctTett  is  to  form  a 
lasiii^'  of  flint  stones  which  does  not  slip  an<l  which  i)rotects  the 
iron  lininj,'. 

Such  liners  have  heen  used  for  some  time  in  the  mill  of  the 
Komato  Reefs  Co.,  Xew  Zealand,  and  ha\e  lasted  for  IN  months 
before  heinjj  renewed.  Without  the  sijuare  hars,  the  smooth 
iron  liners  only  last  si.\  to  ei},'ht  months. 

The  cost  of  liners  and  hars  for  a  4  hy  Hi  ft.  tulie-mill  is  /:S4. 
and  two  men  can  fix  them  all  in  po.sition  in  three  shifts  of  eijjht 
hours  each;  the  total  cost  .vith  holts  would  he,  sav,  £m.  The 
amount  of  sand  jjassinj,'  through  the  tuhe-mill  is  70  tons  per  day 
of  the  material  discharged  through  the  lU-mesli  screen  of  the 
stainp-hattery,  and  the  finished  product  has  the  fineness  that 
would  1)0  secured  hy  the  u.se  of  a  ;i5-mesh  screen  on  the  hattery. 
Thus  the  cost  of  lininj.;  is  ahout  seven-tenths  of  a  pennv.  or  1.4  c. 
per  ton  of  sand  s,'i"ound. 

S.    1)     McMlKEN. 

Komata,  Xew  Zealand,  Septemher  2, 


COMPARATIVE  TESTS  BETWEEN  COKE  A\I) 
CRUDE  OIL  FOR  MELTING  PRECIPITATE 

1  N(tvfnili(  r  L'l,   li.OlH 

The  Editor: 

Sir— It  may  intorest  your  readers  to  know  that  two  ex{)eri- 
nicnts  were  nia.le  at  the  Butters  Salvador  mines,  in  Salva.ior, 
to  .letermine  the  rehitive  ettieieney  of  eoke  an<!  enide  oil  in  melting,' 
preeipitate  fn.m  the  cyani,le  plant;  the  first  was  on  the  ordinary 
San  Sebastian  elean-up  from  the  aeid  refining  box,  and  the  other 
uas  nn  silver  preeipitate  from  Divisadero.  The  eosts  are  ealeu- 
lated  .,n  a  basis  of  eoke  at  so.O.'OS  (s,;„ld)  per  lb.,  and  nil  at  s()  2.52 
(.1,'oldi  per  aal.  laid  down  at  San  Sef.astian;  white  labor  at  SA  per 
shift  at  10  hours;  and  compres.sed  air  at  le.  per  hour. 


FIRST    TKST 


OIL. 

Sept.  II.  1  <)()«. 
Precipitate    J  Us  ,,7.    Trov 

"*' l.V2«al. 

T-nie    7^    ,,r. 

Tost  of  fuel  per  oz.  of  pre- 

^''P'''*t'' $0   (l()l.-,(i 

Cost  of  fuel  per  l.OIK)  oz.  <if 

preei[)itate |    ,-,,j 

Cost  I'f  u:iitel;iliori>er  1, ()()(! 

oz.  of  i)re(ipitate    0  !i| 

<'ost  of  air  jier  l.(M)()  oz.  ,,( 

preeipitate o.(W 

"["t-'l $-> . .-)()  I 

'V'uinee  in  favor  of  oil  jn.r  ! 

I,(M)()  oz.  of  [ireeipitate  .      I    {)(> 

T-t-1 $;J.5H~! 


C'OKK. 

Sep'.    i;i,    |9(Mi. 

Preeipitate    I. (MM    oz.    Trov 

Coke    jji   11, 

'•''"i'-' Si    hr. 

Cost  of  fuel  jier  oz.  of  pn  ■ 

I)recii)itale SOOOJ.'U 

t'ost  of  fuel  per  1,1)00  oz.  of 

preeipitate ■.'  ;{l 

Cost  of  white  lalK)rper  1,000 

oz.  of  preeipitate 1.2.) 

Total $:j,,r,,; 


•■> 


\iJ>^ 


'■is^:  ,<- 


V7-:.sys  BinvF.Ex  (  ok/-:  axd  d/l. 


165 


SKCO.NU    TKST 


Sept.  JO.    I!)l)t). 
Prt-cipiiatc  :,  (J(J4  ,,z.  Troy 

!'*'  ^1  ^;ai. 

'""'•    ,,  UK    hr. 

<  ost  ijf  fiii'l  |i,r  iiz.  .if  prr- 

i''I''tatf $0  ooooij 

Cost   111    fufl   JUT    1,000  iiz.    Ill 

I>reii[iitali' o  .,;{ 

('■•St  of  \vhiti.>lalMirp(.r  1.00(1 

oz.  of  iirtripitati- o   .-,,-, 

<'ost  of  air  per   1.000  <iz.  of 

preiipitati' o  oj 

,    '■""';'' $1    .-)0 

HaluiUf  ill  favor  of  ml  per 

1.000  oz.  of  prc.ipiiatf,  .     1    O:! 

Total $J  r,i~ 


COKE. 

Sept.  .'I.  1906. 

I'ro>ipitate ;i  .-,:>J  ,iz.  Troy 

''"'^<-'    -JS-A  \h. 

l,i"if    loj    hr. 

I  ost  (jf  fuel  per  oz.  of  pre- 

*■'!>"•■'('•  ■    SO  0011)7 

(  ost  of  fuel  per  1.000  oz.  of 

preeipitate 1  Ji7 

Cost  of  white  laUirper  1.000 

oz.  of  jireeipitate  .  .    0  ,  HO 


ital 


SJ  .-.:( 


Tims,  It,  both  thcsf  tosts.  on  entirely  (iitTtTunl  ila.sscs  cf  mate- 
rial, wv^vt  a  uniform  rt'sult,  which  shows  stron^'lv  m  favor  of  the 
crude-oil  method  of  melting,  at  least  as  far  as  the  Repuhlie  of 
Salvador  is  eoneerne.l.  There  are  other  advantages  eonneeted 
with  the  use  of  oil  which  do  not  apj.ear  above,  hut  which  should 
not  be  overlooked.  Firstly,  the  elimination  of  a  bv-produet  in 
the  shape  of  coke  ashes  from  the  wind  furnace;  and  secondly,  a 
Rreat  saving  in  labor  and  personal  discomfort  to  the  man  who 
does  the  melting,  which  is  a  point  of  some  importance  in  a  tropical 
climate. 

K   M.  Hamilton. 
San  Sebastian,  vSalvador,  October  22. 


TUBK-MILL  LI\IN'(^, 

'  N'mvcijiI  .  '   17     liflMr 

'I'lir   Hilit(jr: 

Sir  Aftrr  rcailitii,'  alnnit  the  ],nip(>sc.l  tul.c mill  VunuiS.  to 
l.f  iiM.l  at  the  W'ailii  iiiinc.  in  New  Zcaian.l,  1  lli.Jiii;lit  it  would 
!■(■  ot  iiitcnst  to  \-our  nailers  to  kno«  ui  mv  cxiHTicncf  with 
prartiralh  ,lic  same  liiiinj;.  We  have  installed  a  r.'-It.  mill, 
made  in  the  sli(.|.s  ,,{  this  eonipany  (Oriental  Con.  Minini;  Co., 
of  Korea',  .iiid.  luiii'.'  sli^htlv  out  of  the  world,  it  WMtiM  have  !«  ,  n 


■>.    (Jiiartz       li     .Mortar       7     Slic 


■  ^-^^-^^^^--^  ■ 


Fifj    JJ      TulK-Mill   Lining. 


a  Krtat  saxinir  to  line  cmr  mill  with  oniinarv  hard  (|uartz  and  oenienl 
smh  as  descrilieci  in  the  .Mi.mnc,  .wd  .SeiKNTii-ic  I'kkss  of  fulv 
2S,    lUOti 

Ahout  nine  months  aj,'o  it  (nxurred  to  me  that  if  wo  eould 
utilize  our  hard  quartz,  to^i'thfr  with  a  proper  eenientini;  material. 
It  would  mal«'  an  ideal  lining-  for  a  tulie-mill.  The  most  im- 
poiLaiii    point   was  how  to  iioid  it   m  plaee  within  the  tuhe.      The 


.  < 


n  HI:  MILL  LI  mm;. 


187 


null   wa--   pm    tn...,th.T  m   tliHT  s.vfinn.  ,,r  >l„rts  n\   ,n,„   an.l   all 
"■'■"   '■|\.  t,.,l   hot       Thrs.    s,.i„,„s  „,•  w,-ll   knru-  w.ul.l  not   hv  as 
k'.M,,!  a-  ,m,   ,  .,niinu..u<  .l„vi  ,,r  tul.r.  f.,r  thcv  u.Tr  liahlc  f,  spring' 
;'    Irak   an.ini.l   ili,.   vxvru       This   wuuM    „„,..,   a   ,  Mnsi.|,Tal,lr   Inss 
"1  "ur  raM  ,  a-^   u,.    arc  -rin-lini,'  cn.vntratc   to  a   sl„,„.   i„   stn.ni,' 
<van„l.     s..lutinn       Thrrrfur,.    an    arranL,vtnrnt     that     u.,uM    i^'ivi- 
str.m'lh  ..,  th..  „„1I  as  uvll  as  l,,,],!  i„  ,,la,v  ,h,-  'Imir  ,,uan/  Hn.n- 
was  \^■ant,•.l       Sixtrm  puun.]  rails  w.rr  nvn,,]   lrni,'t  hwis.-  hi  the 
lul.,',   MX   m.hrs  apart   an.l   an-un.l   tlir  flal   inner  rin'nniC.Trn.r 
Dianirt.T  nt  tulH'  ,s  thr,.,-  t,vt       Vv^,  Jl  an-1  2.'  shuu-  tlir  arran-',- 
"U'nt  of  rails  an,l  tin- wav  th..  .(uartx  an.l  omrnt  was  hrM  in  pla.v. 
Thihtst  (niart/|,,rthcimrpnsruasfuun.lat  t  he  TalM.wic  niii:c 
It    was   hani   hut  nni   hrittU.,    uhi.h   smnd   t,,   In-  an   in,,M,rtant 
I'"nit   HI  siuh  a  linin^^      All  rcmcntin;;  niatrrial   was  nia.ir  up  .,f 
'■'l"-il    pans   nf   hard    cars..   ,|uart/.    sand,    and    rrnicnt       Sprrial 
.an-  was  tak,  n  tr,  Ika  r  the  sand  clean  and  fresh.      A  laver  ot  cement  - 
iMK  material  wa^  tirst  ]nn  between  the  rails  next  tn  the  shell    and 
sprea.i  <mt   evenlv       Xext,   lari,'e  pieces  „f  ■],uW  quart/..   2    an,]   U 
1"    'liam    n.re  pressed  mtu  the  cement  as  eompaetlv  as  possible 
and   lulween   these   lar-er  ,.ieces  smaller  quartz  was   t,lle,l  in  with 
the  cementin.i;  material.      It  was  all  tamped  well,  .s„  as  to  (ill  the 
spaces  with   cenu'nt.      Another   layer  of  cement  was  sprea.i  evenlv 
■iver  the  top  and  another  lavcT  filled  in  as  hefore.      The  two  layers 
l'ro„,t,du  the  quart/  about  two  inciies  alM,vc  the  rails,  the  u,,per  laver 
servin.u  as  a  ,n-ot..tion.      K  very  little  space  between  the  lar^-e  .|uart/ 
was  filled  with  ,|uart/  and  cementin.i,'  material.      Finallv    on  top 
of   all    was    ,, laced    the    mortar;    this   al.so    was  well  tampe.l       The 
surfac-e   was   smoothed    with   a    tnnvel    and   then   all.nve.l    to   set 
A   strip   or   one-third    of   the   mill    was    line,l   at   one   time        \fter 
two  .lays  it    became  sufrKic^ntly   hanl   so  that   the   mill   could   be 
turn..]  ov,.r  an.l  an.,ther  .,ne-third  line.!  in  the  same  wav.      When 
tlu'  hmn^'  V   ,s  e.nnj.lete,  it  was  allowed  to  set  for  six  weJks       This 
was  nore  than  was  ivally  ne.-essary  to  becom,-  hard,  but  w.-  wante.i 
to  have  It  thoroughly  ,in...l  out.  so  as  to  have  it  in  the  In.st  possibl  • 
-'"'iUion   t.,   w.-ar       The   inner  .liamet.T  .,f  tube   was  now  about 
_  HA  ,n       Ordinary  bull  quartz,  the  same  as  u.sed  for  the  lininu 
was  broken  up  in  2  an.i  Mn.  pi..e.-s  and  used  as  pebbK^s  for  Krindim,' 
which  proved  to  be  very  satisfactory.      The  tube  was  till..,!  just  a 
httle  ovcT  half  full,  which  amounted  to   U  t.,  2  f,.r,.  ..(  ...,>.,.,,.. 
1  IK-  material  groun.l  ,n  the  mill  was  concentrate,  evanide  solution 
beinj,'   used. 


-,,-f=""^ -PTr-Tv 


I6.S 


KlA  /-'.XT  (  WWini:   /'V  i(  //,  7, 


Xou.  in  rr^anl  to  tile  ucarinj,'  ..t  llic  lining,'.  I  rati  say  that 
it  was  l.v  no  means  satisfa.  tcrv  At  tli.-  rate  it  was  wcarinj,' 
it  WdiiM  have  only  takin  al.out  two  weeks  to  cut  away  all  the 
lining'  It  was  rapidly  undermining  the  larger  pieces  of  (|uartz  - 
that  is,  the  eemeiitini;  material  was  Kradiiall\-  cut  out  Wherever 
there  was  a  sjiaee  of  eement  between  the  quartz  that  was  possible 
to  wear,  it  was  sure  to  he  j,'raduallv  worn  awav  an.l  cut  out.  allowing' 
the  (|uart/.  piei.s  to  fall  out.  \ini  eaimot  uiia<,Mne  the  I.eatinK 
and  weanm,'  ac  tion  the  pehMes  have  (m  that  eiiuentini,'  material. 
The  ,|uart/.  in  th.'  lining  will  stand  alrii,'ht.  htit  the  thin^,'  is  to  keep 
It  in  plaee.  H ven  with  sile.x  linings,  where  the  best  (pialitv  of 
"liamond  cement  is  used,  and  where  all  the  bricks  are  made  to  tit 
as  closely  as  possible,  the  iK'bble  will,  in  spite  of  all,  wear  away 
some  of  the  cc'inent  to  a  certain  depth.  Now.  how  cat)  vou  ex- 
pect onlinary  or  porttand  cement  to  stand  where  the  spaces  between 
n.uKh  pieces  of  quartz  are  ^'reater'  it  may  be  easy  to  think 
in  the  tirst  i)lacc'  tliat  thi..  lininj,'  is  ^join;,'  to  hoM.  but  to  make  it 
is  another  tiling.  The  linin),'  appeared  to  be  very  hard  before 
usiuK  and  certainly  ou^dit  to  ha\e  been,  for  it  had  plenty  of  time 
to  set.  The  prmciple  of  tlie  lininj,-  is  all  ri^ht.  but  I  am  afraid 
wc  will  have  to  find  something'  a  |,'ood  deal  hanler  than  i)ortlan(l 
eement    for  a  cetiieiitin^'  material. 

Cast-steel  liners  were  the  next  to  be  trieil.  as  we  had  on  hand 
enough  of  stamp-battery  liners  (4  ft.  by  <»  in.  and  I  in.  thick) 
for  our  purjtose.  Before  putting  them  in  place  the  old  quartz 
linini,'  had  to  be  removed  from  between  the  rails  by  means  of  a 
sintjie  jack  and  moil.  It  was  no  easy  task,  for  it  was  hard  and  the 
rails  held  it  in  securely.  The  rails  were  left  in  and  the  steel  plates 
put  on  top,  bein^  held  in  jilace  by  bolts  with  counter-sunk  heads. 
The  bolt  extended  out  throuKh  the  shell,  and  over  this  was  put 
a  washer  made  from  a  piece  of  old  vanner  belt.  (Jn  top  of  this  was. 
an  iron  washer  and  then  the  nut.  There  were  two  holts,  i,ne  in 
each  en.l  of  the  plate,  to  hold  it  in  jjlace.  and  both  were  scrvwcd 
down  tightly.  After  a  day  or  so  of  runninj,',  thev  were  screwed 
up  again.  J'robably  it  was  necessary  to  ^o  all  over  the  bolts  on 
the  tube-mill  a  third  time,  but  aftei  this  we  never  had  any  trouble 
with  bolts  leaking  or  getting  loose.  It  was  absolutely  necessary 
to  have  vanner-belt  washers  next  to  the  shell.  Fig.  2:i  will  show 
the  method  of  holding  the  liners. 

The   rnili;   crico   tl-x.   ti.l,<.   ,T,-,.Tt    .■>,-..„.,*  i,     ,.:,.ii i ■.     ■ 


'I  I   HI:   Ml  I, I     I         i\,^ 


lt>!) 


•'''"--(.■.■ll„ursl,avc.  Muu   l,..,.n,n  us.-  „„,.  ,       ,,  1,  .,„,!  .!„,„. 


F..    2,        ,     S,,.,,      .'la,,.     ,.,n..r       ,    r,„.n,.rs„„W      .,.„,       ,     s,,..,      ,<„, 


th 


I'  null  aj^'ain   as 


yoar.c  c-on.vntratr,   makinj^  n«ht    t-ns  j^mund 


'^""1.    -ne  of  ^n-eat  ,n.,K,rtan.c.  to  tul.c-nnllin.      If  „„„-,  ,,ould 


Taraojl,  Korea,  St'j)tcinlier  !'<•. 


A.    Fv    DkIi   KKR. 


i 

■ 

■-:.;j-5; 

ri 

'■rri] 

'1 

1 

^       ^ 

tif  — „ 

n 

1 

-^-— - 

A  siMi'i.i-  soi.iTiox  .mi:ti:r 


ilVicml'i  ■   I     I'llii. 


In  tlu'  ..piiMti.iii  (pf  I  \ani.l,-  |i|ams,  ii  is  luarlv  alwav-.  im[iiii-t- 
""  '"  ''•!■''■  •'  nil 'an  ;  i.l  .  nr,-rcll\-  .|.irrmiiiin-  the  ainMunt  "f  u,,i,i_ 
'"■aniiL;  snlutiMii  culcviii-  tli<-  jm'.  ipnatiii-  li'.xi's.      In    diiu-  plants 


-'1.1;    -I 


''''■^   '"   '1'""     1'.^    ahrrnalclv    (.lluiij   an.!    .iisrliar-in-   Minij,-\ats   of 

'•"'■|-\'  - '  '^i''"'-   :"i>l   nTur.liiiir  til,   hfi-ht  of  solution  .  „h  Utile  a 

^""'i'  '-^  'i"'''       This  IS  a  I  !nnis\ .  th'.ui,'li  ar  ruratc  cnoiit.li,  nnt!iu,i. 
Iitil  has  tlic  iihj.Ttion  llud  It  iTijuirfs  ncarlv  lonstant  at t.'i^lancc. 


.•1    SIMI'LI:   >(>/.CT[i)\    MI:TI:K. 


171 


Variovis  water  iiU'tcrs  arc  nianuladnrcd  whi.-h.  can  ]k-  v.<\-\ 'inr 
sulutinn  work,  v\  ■vy'i  that  tlmsc  of  sut'fic  irnt  rapatitv  arc  cxiivn- 
;-i\c,  aii(i  arc  oj.rn  to  jlu-  olijction  that  the  lime  which  i>  used 
in  prai  tically  all  c\  aindc-i.lant  solutions,  so  ,n  deposits  a  scale 
m  the  workniL;  parts  ol  the  nictcrs.  which  renders  thcni  inaccurate 
or  puts  then!  out  of  Ijusiness  altoL;cthcr. 

'lo  nicit  these  ohieitions  I  adapted  the  faniilia'-  sanii)lin,i; 
box  illustratiMl  herewith,  to  tln'  rei|uirinients  of  the  .  ase.  and 
one  was  in:-ialled  as  a  meter  at  tlie  Lihertv  Bell  mill  The  de\icc 
is  simple  and  cheap,  and  as  others  may  lir-l  it  useful,  a  .Icsiription 
of  it   is  not  (iut   of  place. 

The  arramrenu'in  can  he  ,ecn  by  reference  to  l"i>,'.  L'l.  The 
eonipartmcnis  B  IV  alternatel\-  take  the  .solution  flow  from  the 
lecd-pipe.  As  ,i  com;iartment  Iills.  the  weight  of  solution 
o\crl.alances  tile  empty  compartment  and  the  liox  turns  throu,i;li 
a  short  arc,  dis(  hari,'in>,'  as  it  turns,  until  it  is  stopped  l,y  the 
spring's  .s  ,s',  l.^icli  time  }i'  discharL;es  t  he  lounter  r.'.-isters  1, 
The  meter  at  the  Lil.ertv  Hell  is  set  up  ox'er  a  \at.  and  the  pans 
shown  m  the  dia:4ram  are  alwa\s  sulinieri,'ed.  Their  retardint,' 
elTcci  IS  neccssarx-  to  avoid  excessixe  iar.  A  dash-jiot  would  proh- 
al.ly  do  as  well,  or  else  the  liox  lould  lie  made  .if  nutal  with  a 
Jiear  shajied  cross  section,  and  hum;  close  up  to  its  centre  of 
gravity.      The  latter  for'ii   would  not  need  the  sjirini^s  or  jiaiis. 

At  the  Liliertv  I^ell,  the  icinstant  of  the  meter  was  dctermine<i 
tiy  tillin.u  the  vat  under  it  an.)  dividin,L;  liy  the  numhcr  of  double 
(iischar^'es  re,!,;istered.  In  this  way  leaka.ire.  splash,  and  all  other 
irre^'ular  hictors  are  averaged,  and  determined.  The  constant  so 
determined  was  ll.:{L'27,-)  tons  for  taeh  unit  re);istereii.  This 
meter  handles  the  (low  from  an  SO  statnp  mill  crushin.i;  in  cyanide 
solution.  i-or  this  size  of  meter  the  jians  should  lie  at  least  :iti  in. 
diam,,  and  the  siirin.ijs  niad.e  of  not  less  than  \-'\n.  rod.  A  four-ineh 
hole  it,  the  bottom  of  each  pan  tends  to  steady  its  motion  through 
the  solution. 


i 


I'Ror.klvSS   IX  (■\A.\II)ATIOX 


I'v  Mr  1-  1.  1<,K,|„,,  will  >n,nman,I  attcntiun.  I,nn-  uritirn  I,v 
•"irul„,,s„nl,r,l,„k,.t,unvntpra.t,rr  Mr,  Husqui  tavur.  t,l,.T- 
.",U  ma.lnn...  ,,(  ,1,.  M.  „  „v- Rutt,,-.  tv,,.  and  ,.  in.I,n..|  ;.,  .„„- 
s..  .T.  a>  Mr  Alnv.l  Janus  ,l.,.s,  ,ha,  nitrr-prcssrs  will  shnrtlv  Ik- 
>vU'^'at,.l  ,.,  ,1„.  l.a,k,n,nn,l  Tins  appears  ..p.n  lo  ,l.,nl,t  Twu 
.|'^>'  ta>is  an.  a^an.s,  ,,.  nanuh  .  tin-  x.ntinu,..]  use  ni  prrsscs  at 
Kali^,,.,W,r  an.l  ,  hr  s„..,  ,.ssinl  nnprnvnn.nt.  nrrntiv  ma,!,-  l,v 
■^'''   /      ^^      •^''■'''■'"   ■"    ""■    llnnu.slakr       Fn,n!    Kal^'onrHr   wc   I,,,.,- 

■" '     "'""     ''    ""■    '^"l.^^vay    n,v,.nlr,n.    a    horizcnta)    rrv„lv,n.. 

^';"";!"""  ^"  """'  "'"■-  '""  "">  n,a.lnn,.  has  vi  tul...  tnr.l  ,n 
""■  ,^  "■"■■'  -^'^'"^  -^l  1">— >'■  ■"  all  ,lu.  san,!  U,u\n;]  a,  Kal- 
:'""■'"■  ■■"'>""'^^   ""'"-'"'1  "-- ar..  ,rra..,ll,v  ,],.vu.,.s  ,„luT  ,han 


lilt('r-prr-.s,..       All  llu-  lar.'( 


aii'l  till-   i\  anhf.,-  is  nuw  irct 


'    itini.s  in  111,'  l,a<  k  <oiintr\-  use  thnn 


niL;  a  new  filter  pi-ss  plant        I'lifr 


I'U'ssn,^  at  kalu,,nrhr  now  m,sIs  ahnnt  ;i5  rents  per  Put  an.l 
leaves  PJ,,,  I,,,,,,.  ,,,„  ,„.„Mure,n  tlfeakesiit  isl.elieve.l  Incallv 
"^"  •■'  "'•"  P!'""  ""  a  ku-e  seale  couM  !„■  operate.]  f, „•  „,.,  n,,,.',. 
"""  -••  '-'"'^  I"'-  '""  '"  -"■rsr,  n,  rei;„,ns  where  water  ,,  s-s 
■'■'tlnn^an.l  thenn^.nal  slnne  ,s  .!.,e,le  to  ,  n  atnieti, ,  the  hltenn. 
niaehnes  „,11  ,„,!,,  ^  1,,.,,,,  .on^partson  w„h  presses.  Meanwinl^ 
Mr    Mernll  ,  work  ,.  l,oun,|  to  ,.n,  ouia.^e  the  a.lvo.ates  of  th,   ohK-r 


ili>.tlio,l        II,.    has    enlarged    Us    s..( 


pe    and    sinij, lined    ,;s    .letails 


U,th  .'4  fiifr-presses.  eaeh  wei.„dnnK'  <i-.  tons,  and  eaeh  of  "(Hon 
<a|.acnv    ,a.  eo,npare,l   to   the  old   (i-ton   presses,,   he  expeets   th,. 
'•'lal  eost   oi   ir.atin.L!  slnn.-  to  |„.  not  more  than  25  e<.nts  per  ton 
1  I.-  nnlls  n,ake  Llioo  tons  d.„lv  of  this  produet,  an-i  2,4011  tons  of 
>and       A  t,.st  has  l,een  ni.-.d,.  .„,  (i.ooo  ,ons  of  .slinie.      In  ehar-m.^ 
!"■  uses  a  pp.ssuiv  ot  ;;.-,  pounds,  while  leaehini;,  1 2  to  1.5  ponnds^uid 
l<'shn,ew,th,apr..ssureof(i.-.p,,-andsper,s,p,areineh,    Outofashtne 
-'"tannn^  !U  een,.,  h.  extraets  s:)  eents       Mr    Hosqu,  „ves  other 
'l''ta,ls:thos,.we,|uotearefron>,Mr   Mernll  him.self.      It  is  a  remark 
^'■l''  la,  t.  worthv  of  note,  that  alter  2s  v..ars  working,  :{5  per  eent 
"t   'li-'   H..nu.>take  ore  still  eo;n,.s  from  surfa,  e  .xeavations        \„, 
"""■■■  "'^""■'-  i"M' r  inal  ,s  ,he  us.-  of  zine  dust  as  against  shavm- 


I'Ki  X.KESS  !\  CV.\  Ml).  \  Tl(  ).\\ 


17,? 


tin.  „rm.r  ,s  ;;ai„in,  ^rnun.l  in  AnuTira.  \\V  aiv  int.,rn„.,l  that 
at  tl,r  \\a,h,,  trrat.n;,  -..o,),,  „,ns  p.,-  m  ath.  it  romnns  sev.n 
;"-"  ^"'Unn.uuslv  to  .Iran  th.  l,„xcs,  usin^^  z,n,-  shav^n.u'-  at  the 
H-nnr.t.'r.  tvv:.un^^  l.-.jKK)  ,„„s  p,,-  n,„nth,  „nlv  fun,  '  m.n  are 
^■'"I'l"  •  ■  -.  I.alt.lav.  usint;  znu  ,h,s,.  I„  all  tluse  matters  there  ,s 
;'/"'•'■'''"';•'>'"■>  '"  improve.  an,i  it  is  nnlv  l,v  unpreiu.liced  tests 
that  the  l,es,  „„.thn,l  .an  he  ,ietennine,l.  On  another  paL,^. 
,  ""■  '•-  "  ■^""•■'"  ^'-'-'^  ^'^''^'tlv  to  ,he  value  of  o„r  Diseussion 
^ ''■''■'';■' "'^'"^  ''>•  ^'  '^"^''-i"  ^vhuh  he  eompares  the  use  of  the  Moore 
and  Hutters  filters.  Such  t,rst-han,I  information  from  practical 
men  w,ll  he  ol  service  to  all  those  wh.,  use  evani.le  m  m.llin^j  We 
trust  olner  ,  u.n.ls  w,ll  not  hesuate  to  put  their  exper.enees  on 
reeor.l.  wlu-rr  a  can  he  of  L,reneral  service. 


CVAXIDK   PRACTiCI-    WITH  TIIK  MOORK  FILTER 

IJm  mil  I  i:.,  I!  lu; 
Til,'  H, liter: 

^•''  M''  I'^  ''liliiKm  Hrowns  nn  m  iMiitriliutidn  lollir  lucr- 
atm-r  Ml  \-aruuiii  till.niiL;.  inlitlcd  •C'vanidf  I'rai  tuv  with  tin- 
.Mi".ri  l"ilu-r,  apiuanii.,'  m  \  (,ur  issmis  of'  Si  pn  iiilur  1  am!  N,  is 
<>uv  ><l  the  ivw  artirirs  that  haw  hull  p^lMi^h,^.!  on  t!if  siihiirt 
"I  ni.ria-mu  mtn\  st  an.l  L;rM\vni,i,'  iniiM.rtamc  \n  ihu^.  whu  haw 
t->  tare  (hlliruh  ])n.hl,  ,ns  m  r>-aiiiihiti(.n.  Of  i  l.r  trw  artirks  -u 
tar  [)iihiishi  >\.  Mr.  Hrowii'-  is  h_\-  lar  t  hi'  trot  t  Imu'^^ht  I'ul.  ami  r-.n- 
tani->  ilrla:!  thai    mhrrs  haw  iidt   attcnipliMl  to  L;i\r, 

As  thf  wnirr  hail  imirc  nr  K  >s  kj  .In  witli  the  i  i.iis!  nu  tion  nf 
ihr  liii.lif  plant,  ami  its  siihsr<nunt  cipcraiiun,  an.l  miuv 
iIh-ii  ha>  ha.i  tl.r  npp.irtinm\-  <.|  r.nni.annL,'  it  witli  ihr  Hiittfrs- 
CasM.l  ln^tal!atl.in  at  the  ('.  .nihiiiat  i<  .n  iniiu-.  ('..il.ilirl.l,  Xcvaila. 
till'  Huturs'  plant  at  \'irL;inia  Citv,  ami  llu  Mn^n-v  ],lant  at  tlir 
Lihcvty  Hrll  null  at  Trlhin.jr.  I'.ilora.l...  hv  has  -atlur.l  a  Itw 
tarts  ]iirtm<nt   t.)  ihv  .iisriis^nm  that   ina\-   In    .if  suinc  intfrcst. 

At  th.c  Stan. lard,  siKx  hl..rks  fi.r  tuhr-inill  linin.L;  \uiv  a 
faihiiv;  at  t  h,r  Lil,irt\  Ur\\  tlA'\-  aiT  a  siu.vss.  Th.  .hlf\r,  luv 
111  r,  suits  ^an  ap|iai\iitl\  iir  attrihntc.l  inliiTl\-  x,,  xhv  .litUn  nt 
IH'hhks  usi'.l  t.i  ilu'  ililftri'nif  m  the  ihukmss  ..f  the  material 
ted  t.i  tl«'  tuh.-mills  ami  t..  laxm,-;  the  silcx  M.).ks  tdi,'t\\isc 
mstca.l  (.1  flat  wise,  m  th.-  later  hnm.i;.  The  (.tliiM-  faetors  ;i;1VetinK 
th.e  hie  of  the  lining,'  ean  he  ne<,'leeted,  in  this  e< mijianson .  as  the 
sile.x  hl.jeks  are  nf  tin-  sani.  .t,'ra.le.  ami  l.i.ik  to  he  fmin  the  same 
(;uarr\  ;  tlie  spte.l  ..f  the  mill-  is  the  same,  an.l  it  w.iuld  he  har.l  to 
tm.l  two  ores  more  nearl\-  th.e  same  (with  re-ar.l  to  the  i)ereenla,L;e 
ot  hanl  (juartz  an.l  soft  >lime-formin.iL;  matenah  than  th.e  Lihertv 
l^ell  an.l  llie  Stan. har.l  C'..ns..h,lated  ores. 

At  the  time  ;l;e  silex  was  Irie.l  at  the  Stan.iar.l.  loeal  pebbles 
ol  misivllatie..us  .  haraeler.  an.l  larij.dv  ..f  ;j,'ne.]vis  orii,'in  were  in 
usL'.  Their  eonsuniptDii  was  ah.iut  ."((  lb.  per  ton  .if  san.l  re- 
Knuimi.  T.i  .a  l.in^'e  extent  thev  wore  flat.  in.lii-atin,i(  a  sli.iinj,!- 
rather  than  a  roilm-  m..ti.iii.  At  that  time  the  tube-mill  was  fe.l 
almost  entindv  from  spitzkasten  umlerllow.  earr\in,i,'  perhaps 
2(1  t.i  2.-,',    soh.K       Th.e  silex  w,,.  ■_>!  in.  thiek,  an.l  the  lininj,'  laste.l 


^'           -    .  '■" 

''¥' 

.    1  "i    ■- 

.•.?• 

■^  i»  ^i 

^t^-  «:f' 

(  WWini:  /7\M(  //(  A  117/7/  ////,  MonKi:  I-H.teH 


17.1 


MX  w.vks.  At  tlu-  L,!,rr,v  IVli.  a  Jl-,n.  siKx  hnni-  ui  a  ni..!!  K,! 
ti-'m  spitzk,:  irn  iin.l,T,lMU  -:uc  h.ur  ni(,mli>  .,.  a.tua!  scrvur. 
As  all  (.tlur  (un.lninns  uvit  ,.rartuallv  parallrl  ,n  thr  oprrati.m 
"I  llu'M'  iuu  niilN,  rx.Ti.I  the  us.'  nf  lucal  y,-\M..  ,„  ,,nr  an,]  Ihnl 
|.Hiblrs  m  tlu-  ntlKT.ihr  slinrt  luV-  of  ,  !„■  siVx  at  thr  Stan.iaf.l  c-an 
It  si'i'ins.  l,c  Maim  J  nitirrlv  on  tlu'  lucal  [vlihlrs  used. 

.\l    ilK-    Lilnrtv    l^rll    Hum-,'    aiv    t  luTr    tnlH-niills,   ,,nr    tr,]    l,v 
spitzkaMrn   un.Ur.luu    as  aiivadv   stalr.l.   uluio   ill.-   utlu-r>   r.-cv,vi> 
t!K-,lisrl,ai-,-ln,n,  I  >"rr  s,-fai„n- dassifu-rs,  a  o,ars.-  ,,ru,iu>i  ,-arrv- 
.hl;  tr,,m    T,  tc  .-,(!■  ,    .,,l„K,      i„  ,1,,.^,.  „„Ils,  alx,.  ,Iu-  s,l,-x  Mocks 
liavc   lK-,n  set    ,,n  t-,!-,-.   tnnnin-  a   Hnin-  lour  ui.  !h-s  tlin  k.      Hv 
sc'ttm-tlK-M,H-ks.-,lu,.u-,s,-,,tsc-,-inslikt-lvtl,at  ihr  uvar  is  mcf.-asr.t 
as  'In-  lK-.idiii,u  plani,^  .,t  tlu-  ,,n-inal  Imu-stnnr  so-in  to  M-  pa-MM 
'•■'  'iH'  tlat   si,Ks  oi   ,!„■   Morks.      Capptn-  ,s  u-natnlv  not   so  l.a.j 
w,th   thr   c-,1.4.-u-,sr    Mo.-ks.      The-   .-.l^^.-Nv.si-    1,,,,.,-^    has   ahvadv    ha,l 
"HI.-  tnonths  ot  arf.al  s.-rvuv,  an.l  si-.  n,s  koo,!  l,,r  sc- v.-ral  months 
ni"iv.      Rou-hlv.  tlu-  lining;  m  tlu-  null  r,  u-, vinu' spit zkastrn  un.k-r- 
tl'iu-   wo,v   at    tlu-   fair   of  om-  mHi   in  two  months,  as  then-   was 
sonu-  wastr.  oi  loui-M-,  wlu-n  it  was  (niallv  remove.!.      In  tlu-  otlu-i- 
iiiills  tlu-  ratr  ,,f  wrar  has  hrrn  just  al.oiu  halt  ,,f  this        om-  iiuh 
>n    tour   months.      II,-,v.   tlun,   an-    tlm-c    mills   on    tlu-    sanu-   ,,ro 
anil   oprralm-   un.lc-r  nearl\-   i.k-ntiral   ron.iitions,  i-x.-.-pt    for  t  lu- 
matt.-rol  thu  km-.ss  of  pulp  h-.l.      In  tlu-  mills  n-r.-ivm- .1,.-  thukvr 
pulp  tlu-  wear  ot  linin.i,'s  is  ahout  half  that  in  tlu-  oilu-r      Tlu-  .lutv 
of  tlu-  h.ur-im-h  linin-  has  hn-n  .s..nu-i  hmi:  over  D.IMMI  tons  ,.f  san^l 
re-.!.,'roun,l  jier  in.  h  of  wi-ar. 

These  faets  are  a.^'am  illustrate-'  hv  latei  results  with  t  he 
t"l>c-mill  at  the  Stan.lar.i.  There,  ,,e  (irst  urou.^ht  ,r,,n  linuv 
ot  t-m,  ,,lates  laste.I  (lU  ,lavs  an.!  re-^M-,,un.l  ahout  4,.s()(»  tons  of' 
san.i  Dunn.i,.  its  hie  onlv  a  .mall  tonna,i,'e  of  pon.i-iailmu'  was 
introdueed  to  ,  he  mill.  Ahout  the  time  the  seeon-l  Imm^r  „f  ,|,e 
same  kin.l  was  put  in,  arran.irenu-nts  ha.i  heen  eompk-te.i  tor  in- 
tHMluem^r  poii.l-tailin,-  in  a.j.lition  to  the  .lailv  mill  .nna.ue  uj. 
to  the  full  capaeitv  of  the  lilterin,-  plant  Tht-  pereent.->-H.  of 
soli.ls  in  the  tuhe-mill  fee,'  .lunn.-  the  hi.  of ,  he  seeon.l  HmnK 
averaged  arourvi  AT.'  ,  .  as  a.Ljainst  20  to  •_'.-'  ,  hefore  The  life  of 
the  second  linin.u  was  170  .iavs  a.~  a.^'amst  !•():  the  total  tonna>.'e  of 
re-.-roun.l  san,l  inereased  fr.,m  4.S0(I  t,M,ver  10,000.  an,l  the  pehhle 
consumption  .in,;iped  fnmi  (i  ."  11,,  p.-r  t,,n  to  L>  ()  11,  \il  other 
con.iit.ons    were    the    same.      Tliesc    results   speak    f,,r   themselves 


,!i! 
H& 


I7r, 


A7-.(7-..\/-  (  )\\\/i)i-:  />h',\(  r /(■/■: 


At  !h<-  Maii.lan!.  !  !»•  ,,,.t  i..v  l..al  |h  1,1,1,.  ai  S!»  per  tu,,  iai,l  ,l,,un 
at  tlu'  tul.r-iuill  wa>  si),2.'-  p,  r  t,,n  nt  r.-.-r.  ,un.|  -,an,l,  wlnlr  the- 
i-ost  tnr  tlint  I  ,  l.Mvs  un,l,  r  \hv  same  .  Mn.liti.,iis  at  S7ll._'ll  pn-  t.,n 
of  _'. (1(111  II,.  lai.l  Mown  at  tlic  tul,r-mill  uas  (,iil\  si)  _>:j;i  j,,.,-  ,,,„ 
rc-Kround,  ati.l  this  has  mihv  ,ln,|,|n,l   m  sodiu   |,it  t,,n.     C,,,,,,! 

teohnual  rrsiills  lia\r   Ihiii  cl.tann.l   with  the   M •.■  plain   at   t  ln' 

Stan,lai-,1  ,lunii-  'he  hist  halt-vcar.  The  extra,  m.mi  ha^  i,cen 
iniivase.l  an,!  thr  est  h.uviv.j.  Tlu  m'  ivsults  are  mtiivlv  t,,  tlu' 
c;v!it  .,1  Mr,  II,  II.  Ki>skr.  uIk,  ha^i  h^eii  ,n  >  liar-r  ,,t  thr  plant, 
sinrr  the  first  ot  the  \(  ar, 

Ai  tlu-  Stan.lar.l.  (lurini;  tlu-  tinic  th.c  tulit-iinll  ua.s  shut  .luun 
waitini,'  f,.r  t  h.c  .vincnt  tc  har.jtn  m  ll.r  mUx  Imin,-.  thr  .M(,.,rt.' 
plant  linii,,.!  alnn.i;  as  hist  it  rnuM  without  iv--riii,line  Thr 
sand  aiamiulatr.l  whcivwr  it  had  a  (han.v.  The  Mttkrs.  the 
at;itat.,rs,  and  th.r  iih,  nn.u  \ats  all  turnislicd  th-ir  (jU(,ta  of  san.l 
and  !,.rRf  A  raw  ,if  ahoul  six  mm  was  ki  pi  i,us\-  aM  il;e  liine 
repainn.s,'  tilteis.  and  tin:;  one  tn(,nlh  alone  made  a  de.Med  merease 
in  the  eosts  tor  the   Vv'hole   \ear. 

M(  reur\-stei.  l,eariii,<;s  tor  the  a-itator  shafts  xwiv  a  .i;ood  d,  al 
"t  a  failare.  The  i,alls  '-round  the  iron  and  the  nier,  ur\  toucher 
into  a  niee  iri,ii  ainaluain.  .iikI  their  use  was  ahandoned, 

Mr.  Hro\Mi  has  deseril.ed  the  haski  t  hoistm,-  arran-eiiuni  at 
llir  Stan.lard.  At  the  Lihertv  Hell,  the  haskets  are  hoisted  for 
transfer  l,v  means  ,,f  Indrauln  <  ranes,  operated  und,  r  a  [.Rssure 
ot  l'."(l  11,.  These  \\,,rk  well,  and  ,L;i\e  inueh  less  tn.uhle  than  the 
dittereniial  chain  hoisis  at  llie  .Standard.  Where  hi,i,di-j,ressnre 
water  is  u,)\  a\ailaMe,  an  automatie  hit,di-pressure  pump  installa- 
tion, sueh  as  is  Used  for  ele\aior  .se-viee,  coukl  he  utilized.  At 
the  Lil,en\-  Hell  also,  an  in.k-pen.'ent  t deelru  m.,tor  druc  is  u.sed 
tor  tra\ersin,'^'  the  cranes.  This  is  nun  h,  the  l,est  arran,!„Mn(  nt 
where  .)ne  erane  ser\es  a  numher  (,f  haskets.  The  Ion-  hlli  r  as 
installed  at  the  Standard  did  fairlv  L,'o,,d  work  hut  th-re  was,neviT- 
tluk'ss,  eonsiderahle  trouhle  from  twinnin.-  .,r  c  oaks,  in,i„'  .,f  t  he 
fakes  on  adjomnn,,'  filters,  whieh  jir,  ,o,  ;  eifi.ieni  w;i''in.„.. 
The  tillers  e(,ntinuall\-  hroke  l(,(,se  from  the  spaein,^  hars,  and  l,el,,iv 
the  writer  left  Hodie  he  was  seriouslv  eonsiderin.i,'  tlie  adeisahihl y 
of  ilividinK  I'ach  of  the  Ui-ft.  filtei-s  into  two  tinits  and  st  ri  t,  lun'i,' 
the  canvas  on  iron  frames.  This  was  not  done,  hut.  fr(,m  the  ex- 
perience elsewhere  with  the  smaller  hlters,  it  would  he  an  imiirovt- 
nient.      Mr.    Hrown   has   eallcl   attention   to   th      -reater  etliciencv 


'  r.i\7/v-,  I'KM  I n  I-  wi I II  -III/-:  m,,u<i-:  i-ili i-.r  177 

"'""■"'"""■"""  '^'''"' I'liilMMlnrk.      Till- i.a  man, r  that  should 

"'"  ''"  "^>-'>"l-''l  "1  llir  ,lrs,,^„  ,,l  tilii-an.m  ,.lant>.  as  u  atlr,-,. 
'  "■  '  apa,  u  V  ,„  a  v.-fv  la,-.  ,l..u,,,,  Thr  reason  m vnts  |,,  1„.  ,„ainlv 
'1'^"  ">  i!u-ll„.k.T,,t,l,,.  ,lu..a„.i  ,.  l,uu^.,l  up,  an,!  a  h.-tt-ra,,,! 
"•'•:•-■  p.nn.aM,.  a.h.nxt  ,„■,■  ,,t  .a,„l  an,l  .l,,,,,.  i,  ,,l,ia,n,.l  i„  ih,. 
,'ak,-> 

li    i-    satisla,i,,n-    ,,,    ,v..,r.j    liiat    tl„.   ..t,'Mat,,l    ,apa(ilv    ,,f 
jlK'   Sian.lanl   plant    uf  ;;,(Min  ,,,„.   ,„,,  „„„,,|,     |,,,^  ,„^,,,  ^,^,,^,^-.,,,,,, 
l.v    ..!)(!   i,,n>   ,h,nn,t^   tl„     ,n,,ntli>    wh,  n  nn,nt,iTt,pi,.i  ,.x,  a\  at  .,m 
7"'''    ''^    '■'■"••■■''   '■"   '"    '!>•■    p,,n,l-,.      Mr,    lip,„„-.   Ma„'n„.,„    tliat 
tlH'iv  u-a<  n.,  a,vu,n„lati..n  ,,f  u,..k  .Mlui„,n  ,n  ih,-  plant    applu.i 
-'|lK'  tit-M   p,n,„l,.ftlH.  ,,p..fat,.,n.,      AIUt  all  >,,nr,vs  ,,,  „,,,l,an- 
"al  1--  ,.l  s,,lul,.,n  l,a,l  l„,.n  ,l„ninat..l  ,  l,,.,-..  wa>  a  ...ns-ant  a, ,  u- 
'">''••'"••"   "t    "vak   >,,lut„,n,   wln,l!    I,a,l   ,,,  ],.    n,n    ',,   uast,.        Mr 
li.--.vn    tnak,..    in,i,l..ntal    tn,-nti,Mi    ,,t    ihr    Iimt,.r.-CasM.l    ,,r,„v.s 
as   l„.n,'  an   mur^.n   ,,f  ,h,.    M.»„v    pn„,.ss,   an.l    p.„nt.   ,,nt     t  h. 
'■"""n,m   ,.s,.n!ial    l,.alnrr    ,,f  ,1k-    tw.,.    uhi.'li    is,   ,1,.   a.llics,,,,,   ,,, 
"'>■   "l'>-"  a  ,ak,.  ..I  sHnu.  tl„.-.-l,v   n,ak,n^  p,,.Ml,l,.  it.  r,.,„,val 
"■'""   ""■    i'""""-'V'l    n-ntainin^   pulp.      In    tli,-    M.M.r,-   ,,r.M-,-..    ,!„■ 
Iill.-rs  ar,-  t  ransK-rivl   Inm,  l,,a,Hn^'  f,  washing;  vat.  ,t.-,.  an.l  l,a.k 
'-"'"■    "■'"''■  '"     i'^'  '^^'"^  '-  C^'-'l  Pf,„v»  th,-  t,l„.-s  ar,-  stat„,rarv 
^'"'1    "■'■   pulp     wash-wal,-r,  ,i,,,   arc   t  ran>f,-rr..l   t,.  an,i    tVum   ,  In- 
"l"nn.   vat,      Wlvn   lar,-   ,apa,t,v   ,an  !.,■  „!„a„u.l   ,n,n,  a   r.la- 
liv-lv  s„,all  l,i,,M-,n.u  plant,  tlu-   Hut  t.-rs-Cass,-l  prurc-,.  ha.  s..v,Tal 
a.lvanta^.s  ,,v,-r  ,!„■   M.M.r.   pr,„-,>s,  hut    uIhmv  t  !„■   nh.nn^  ,,lant 
nni,M   !,.•  lar-i'  th,-  r,'\vrM'  i,s  tni,'. 

^       ■'    "'.I'M    !„•   lH,rn,-  „,   „,„,,!  that   tluM-.-  is  a   wi.K-   vanati..n  in 
tn,    shn,,s   ,na,k    fn.tn   ,l,ltVr,-nt    „r..s  an,!  that    ,h,-va.t  .ItHVrmt Iv 
"^   •'"'■'■-H^""-  -'"'^X   a   plant   ,!,s,^,i,..  -,,ha.i.!l.  a  ,vrtain   ,,,n- 
"'-'■  "'  ""•■  '"■'"■  "'"  ''^'^-  ^'  <\^(U■u■m  ,.,pa,itv  at  an„th.r.      Thus 
•"    ""■   '"'"''■■'.•"•nn    null   at    (  ;,,|,!(k.M,   ,]„.   l,,a,li„,r  ,,,,„.,l   i.   ,.„p. 
.-ill  nnnu!.-s,   uhil,.  at   1 1-.  Stan.lan!  n    varus   Wnm  L'l  ,.,  ,;  h,,„rs 
'  >  I-'i'lni^'  ,m  ,!„■  pr,.p„ni,,ns  ,,1  .lav  shnu-  an,!   hnv  sa,i,l  in     l,c- 
vhat-.-    an,!   th,-   ,l,i,kn,ss  „l   pulp       TlK.vf,,r..   a   plant   .Ksi^n.,! 
'"  ''-""ll*'  <"",,ns  p,.r  ,lav  ,,f  (ntnlnnat  t-m  sl,„i,,  ,,,,„i,|  f,,ii  f..r  short 
"'  han,!hn,^  (id  t,,ns  „f  H,,,!,.  ..l„n,..      At  ihv  l.ih,u-tv  M,.!l  ,!„.  !,n,!- 
>■;.  prn,„l  ,s  „n,-  l„u,r    uhi!..  at    liuti,.rs'  Vir.Muia  "ttv  plan     tin- 
inn,-   var,  s   tr,„n   W  ntinutrs  ,„  „nv   l„,ur.      .\t    all  ,,f  the   „lants 
"   's  tlu   aim  i,,l,u,l,l  up  a  .ak.-  ,,f  tnmi   ,'  t,.  1  in.  thivk        ' 


^j^-.  .':^^:^*r^|j^/^"  '-^f^^X 


i; 


A7-,(   l:.\  I     I    ]  Wini:    r/<.\(    I  l(   I: 


It  will  1h  ;i>-um;  li  Inn-  \hn\  the  (vscntial  tipcrat  icin-  ..f  l(,a<i- 
ini;.  wasiiiiii,'  the  rake,  aii.l  .li-,  liai--iti<4  in  uativ  will  v((niiiv  i  he 
sailif  Icn-tli  <,f  tinu  with  tlir  \\\n  prnrcs^,,  ,,,1  \\\v  >am,-  Mmic. 
ami  tills  iliMussii.n  is  i unsfcuK'Hth'  narrow,, 1  tn  a  loiisiiliTaticpii 
"f  III.-  rrlatnr  iik  rits  ol  iransfcrrin-  the  liltvis  aii<l  transtrrrmK 
the  [,ul|..  wash-watrr,  etc.  It  is  t  rin  that  Aithihc  Hut  trrs  jiriu'- 
1  ss  a  sdiiifwhat  hi>.;lirr  vamuni  can  \>v  iiiaint aiiicil  within  thr 
filter.  (.11  a.  ,,,unt  df  the  |H,ssil,ilii  x-  u\  arraiii;int,'  tor  lH,tt<.iii  snlu- 
ii"ii  'li- liar.uc  frniii  tin-  tiltrrs,  ivhirh  (amioi  l.c  (hni,.  ,.asi|\-  with 
the  M,,,,r,.  pnurss.  The  .litlnvilr,-  is  n..t  -rrat  ,  h(,wv\  ir.  "as  the 
snlutimi  is  raise. 1  in  the  siutn.ii  pipe  in  the  .M,,nre  nhiTs  ..11  the 
imneipk^  <.t  the  air-litt.  an.l  there  is  nut,  ecMisecjiient  Iw  a  sdiil 
euhinin  .>f  sulutu.n,  reihuin-,'  the  \aeuiini  Inut  I'nr  tout  .,t  lilt  in 
th.'  suiticn  j.ipe  The  rate  .,t'  h.adiiiL;.  als,,,  ,|<„s  n,,t  inrcase 
direeth-  with  the  \aeuuin.  l.ut  is  ..eater  at  tiiiKs  with  a  Inwer 
than   with  a  higher  \,aeiuiin. 

At  the  Liluriv  hell,  when  e  ver\  t '.ini^r  ,.,  wcrkin-  snioiithlv. 
the  Mor.re  pl.ant  will  pisi  alidut  liuM  e^'ii  with  the  i.iill  enishini; 
:r.(l  tnns  per  .lav.  In  onler  t..  ^ive  the  .  ak,  s  a  i.nliniinarv  weak 
sMlution  wash  an.l  allnw  als.)  f.-r  repairs.  an..th.er  set  .>('  filters 
an.l  another  washing  vat  are  to  l,e  installe.l.  Hesi.ies  the  neees- 
sarv  settlers  an.l  a-itat.irs,  the  plant  at  ], resent  < ontains  si.x  vats, 
two  ,.1  ^vhi,  h  are  t..r  l.)a.lin,i:.  an.l  five  haskets  or  filter  sets  The" 
baskets  are  tr.msferre.l  hv  tw.,  overhead  traveling'  lu.lraulic 
eranes.  an.l  eaeh  transfer  takes  ten  minutes.  Kaeh  e.iniplel  evclr 
re.iuiris  two  h.iurs  an.l  f<jrt\-  minutes,  .livi.le.l  as  t..llows  One 
hour  an.l  ten  minutes  i.uulin.t;  and  t ransternnK.  one  hour  and 
thirty  minutes  was  .ini,'.  .liseharv^in^;,  and  transferring'  l.aek  to 
loa.lin;,'  vat  The  time  re(|uired  for  a  ivele  with  the  Hutters- 
Cassel  pr.).vss  .lepeti.ls  on  the  time  required  for  transferring  j>iilp. 
wati^r,  etc..  wliieh  is  depen.lent  on  the  size  of  \ats  and  fiunips." 
To  arr:\e  at  a  eomiiaris.)n.  let  it  he  assume.!  that  the  Lib- 
erty Hell  plant  is  t.^  be  ehan^'ed  from  thi'  Moore  to  the  liutter.^i 
system.  Instea.l  of  the  pre'enl  arrangement  of  "wo  loadinj,^ 
and  four  washin.t,'  va's  these,  an.l  the  additional  ones  neeessxtrv 
will  be  used  for  all  operations.  At  Virginia  Citv  the  \mv  of  fil- 
tering and  emptviuK  the  filtering;  vats  is  from  l."  to  20  minutes. 
At  tlie  Combination  it  is  from  l.i  to  2.-  n.inutes,  Kaeh  filterintr 
vat  at  tl  Liberty  Bell  contain.,  ;}.().'■)()  eu.  ft.  A  ti-in.  centrif- 
u^'al  jiump  at  normal  speed  would  fill  or  diseharKe  a  vat  in  approx- 


(  y^\/ni-  I       \t   III  A  117///   ////,    M,H>Ri;  I'll.i  i.,u     17!i 


imatcly  L's  mni  .  ,,  7 m    piuiip  m   is  ,,i,ii  .  an  s  in    pump  m   I  1  mm  . 
•'•"I  ••'    ">in    pump  m   7  "   numil.>       Tlu    l.nxv   |.mnp,  mvuK,-  il,,. 
""■  "'  ''"'^^'  ^-'Iv  '.  "li"  Il  ;nv  a  sMir-.r  ..MnniMr  m  pumping;  san.l, 
whilr    ihi'smalliT   pump-    mvuKv    a    larL;rr    planl        I',,,-   a    nu.MI, 
(.our.^i'.   1,  t    Us   .MMsi.Irr  il„.    uisiallaiiMn   ..|    7  m.    pumps       |i    u,|i 
praniiallx    !,.■   nc.rssarv   ic  m^iali   a   pump   I.,  ra-  li    xal.   m   ..,•,!,. r 
'"    •■''""'     "'"'"'■     valw    ...mpli.atu.n.       Tlu      .  v  .  |r  f,  „-    ,  a.  I;     x  at 
''"■"■    ^^'"    '"'   -'-^    l"ll"^^^        l.ua.lui..'   ,,nr    liMur.    pump.UL;   ,.ut    pulp 
'"^  """  •   l"i'"pm-   m    uahr    |N  mm  .   ua^lm-   tlir   ,akr   nnr    l„,ur, 
'li-liar-ui'^'    I.-,   imn  .    pumpm-   l,a>k    wain-    Is    mm  ,    pumpiii','   m 
I'lil!'  iMnm  .tMlal  ■!  hr,  -.'7   mm,s,v:ilir    ;{()    mm.,  a.s  t  hat   mmli. 
"  ""'     """•>■•   '^"••'    'I""'    ■■■:ll  'aMl\    1„-   ronsunu.l       Tins   .  v.  Ir    is 
lon-rr  l.\    .".'I  mill,     than    wnliilic    M.mmt    plain.       A'      i:,     tilirr- 
.hai-.s   p,r,lav       H,,.    usual    run      ilunis  a   ,..tal   inn,'  m.  rras,-  of 
••J:  hr.  ;{()  nun    n  .|unr.l  i.,  han^llr  tlir  i.,nna.L^r,  am!  pmvisiMn  u:l! 
"''■'■    '"    '"'    '"'"l''    I"   lian.llr    II  ..xira  riiar-r.s  p,r  ,lav    ,,xr;-  uliar 
thr  prrs,,,,    pi,,nt  v.MuMiak,'  ,atv..|.      This  nuans  t  ]„  '  ms.allat  i.>n 
nt    thRr    m..,v    nli.r    M^lsan.!   t  v,-  ,   mu,-,.    vals.      In   a.Muion.   tw., 
Mura.^r  \atsw.,ul,l  ha\,    ;.,  l.r  pmv  i,!,  .  1,  n,u-  Im,- wairr  and  nnc    tor 
pulp    (,„•    :akni.^  ,ar,-    nt    1 1„.    tlu.x    ,,1    malrnal    .lunn-    np,. ration 
1  hfsr  sJiMuM  lia\.    a   raj.aritv  n;    at    Last    (i, 011(1    .u.  H.    .a,  h     an.l 
'""•-■  'lian  tins  u,,uM  !„■  .KsiraM,..      \\\.  i,;,,.,.    ,,„.„     ,„.,,  „,,;,'.„,„ 
vat.,,f  .-{.(MHIru    ft.  .apMot  \  ,  1  lirr,.   a.  I.  lit  i,,nal   hask.ts.  ,.i.J,t    7-i,r 
>vinritu-al  pumps,  uitl,   il,,.  nr.vssarv  ],ipc  r.  miic  tiuns.  i  hr,.,.-xvav 
and    .sim,'K'  \al\vs,    l„  liitii;.  liuf  shaft  in,-,  m,.t<ir  .Irivr.  Ur.,  and  a 
li.'.'ln   rran,'  tnr  handlin-  Citrrs  tur  rrpairin,!,':  and  Uxn  stora.i^r  vats 
<>t  uni   Kss  ihati  ti,(ll)li  .u    n.  raparitv  .■ach,  all  ..f  xvhid.  aiv  l,al- 
ancvd  a,i;..mst  tun  luavx  t  rawlin.i;  hvdraulir  >  fanes,  with  t!,r  nc<vs- 
sary  hravv  tra.k  supp.Tts.      R.ni-hlv.  ihf  t.rst  c.st  would  1,,.  al.out 
•SO.OOO  at   T.  Iluridr    in    tavnr    ,,f    the     M.v.rr    pnnvss.       The    chief 
exjHT.se,  licwewr.  anu.uniinLr  tomorethan  t  he  increased  first  eost, 
would    he   the  power  eost   for  dnvinirthe  c'entriftii;al  pum[,s.      The 
I.owern.|uire.l  for  punipin,Lj  would  varv  from  a  inininmni  at  the  he- 
Kinnini,'to  a  maxiimnn  at  the  end  of  the  t ransferrinj,-  period,  eoni- 
I-heated  of  course  hv  tlie    ^vorkin^s  of  the   various  pumps,  to  the 
extent  of  their  elfect    on   the  heij,dil  of  material  in  the  storage  vats. 
At  the  Liberty  H.dl.  any  arranj^vment  that  could  he  made  without 
the  naonst  ruction  of  tlie  jiresent  filtering'  vats,  would  necessitate 
each  pump  working;  against  a  maximum  head  of  I!t  ft.,  and  each 
pump  would  then  take  about  11  h.p.  part  of  the  time,   '  As  power 


AX, 


m 


|S() 


A7(    l:.\l     (    )  AX//)/:    ,'l<  \(    I  l(   /-. 


i-i  iH.UK'ht  nn  |.,ak  loa.I  in  the  'IVIIiiri.lr  .listrin  an. I  r,,.t  a  mini 
mum  wi  >.-,  |„r  lic,rsf-|H.u,  r  m.inth.  ii  wniiM  ]„■  l,ar,I  t.,  ,a\  wlial 
''"■  'M'-.i  iM.u.r  l„ll  „,,ul,l  !.,■.  SliMuM  t,,ur  ,,„m,..  1„  u,,rkm- 
'•'■;"■  Ilic  maxinmin  lift  at  ..iir  tun.-,  «liuli  u..„l,l  „,,i  1„.  u„i,k,ls"^ 
''"■  '"11  '"'■  liir  ninnlh  uuuM  !„•  al.nut  .<•_'■_'-  It  u,,uM  pnil.al.lv 
nnt  l,r  Kss  than  Sl'il  an\  ,,nr  mnntl,,  ami  mi-ht  run  up  t..  S:{l)lt 
or  <im  Til,  IT  UMul.l  1.,.  nu  saving  ,„  Lil,,,,-  m  nuv  plant  ,,vr, 
tliv  ,,tluT.  a^  un,  man  en  a  shilt  unuM  !,.■  ,,  |uiiv.l  to  alt.n.l  t-. 
i1h'  tiltrfim^  HI  1  It  her  la.sc  . 


Tclluri'lc.    .\"r)\rmt.tr   _'.". 


I-"  1 1  w  A  M I   II    X I  1  r  1 


mi 


KKCKXT  IMI'ROVI-MKXTS   I.\  THK  CVAXIDK 

I'RCCKSS 

15^    I-     I.    H,,s,jt  I 

I'l   ■  >    Til.    T      I  ",       |.  (K. 

^Il  ua.  n.arlv  tu.ntv  ^.a^s  a^n  ,1,.,  ,  wu  (;ia>«„u  .homists. 
la.Anln,ran,|  |.„rn.,,  „,a,l..  ,  „,.  h,M  ,>ra>  „,  al  applira,  .nn  .,f  th. 
.l.ss,.lv,nu  art.on  of  a  .!,lul,.  ,  van„ir  s,,hu>„n  „„  „,M  Th..  nnn- 
oss  was  at  oruv  a,l„,,„.,l  ,„  X.u  Z.alan.l  and  S.uth  Afrua  In 
til.'  lattrr  rnnntrv  all  .!„■  ,.„n,l„,M„s  «,.,•.■  „„.;  tav,„al,K.  I,,  „s 
su..vs>,  an,]  ,!„•  .unnuuus  ,,n,,„s  ^i..M.■,l  l,v  ,!„.  ,„„n,.r  plants 
a.  <nnr  ,  s,al,li.h..,|  ryani,ia„„n  as  a  pnnvss  „f  ,1,..  ,r,  aUM  .„„,- 
•"I  rnal   impurtancc. 

/'■i"'  Pn.v.iun.  a.lopt...]  i„  ,),,  Transvaal  was  Mnipl.  ,n  r,,n,- 
I'ans„„  w,th  n.^vnt  mn.Iitiratiuns  m  ,),,  pnuvss  Thr  tailin- 
""'7  ''»;.  7"»Ps.  aft.r  hv.lraulu-  mncvn,  rat.nn  of  car.,  sand 
a"'i  sulph„Ks.  was  t;allun.,.  ,„  LachinK  vats:  th.  sl.nu.  thai  uv,,- 
l""v,  was  run  into  huj,'.  shallow  vats,  thr  surplus  wat.r  d.nantol 
and  tlR.  shnu.  sul,Hv,..d  to  a  sc.ri.s  of  a.^Uations  and  .1,  .  antatinns' 
••""  thr  mmcral  that  it  was  found  .con.,nneal  to  .xtrart  was 
linallv    pncijutatcd    from   t  h.    solution. 

At  hrst,  .inc  shaving  was  univrrsallv  us.,!  as  a  precipitant. 
l'»t  Ins  was  supcrsc.dcl  hy  th.  HcH■,rol^,u■  .l.-posuion  .,f  tho  k-'KI 
on  sluTts  of  k.a.l.  This  was  adopted  in  all  th.  rcproscntaHv. 
pants,  hut  Its  popularity  soon  wan.,!,  owin,-  to  th.  pro.lu.fon 
'»  trot,  .Lsonto  hy-products,  th.  awkwardn.ss  of  th.  cl.an-up 
a"'l  -ulhon  recovery,  and  th.  unsat.sfa.torv  dc.positton  as  o.nt- 
paa.d  w,th  that  ohtain.,1  on  :.in..  Its  .hi.f  advantage  was  that 
It  recovered  the  value.s  from  .xtrenielv  .i.lute  solutions,  hut  tliis 
a<lvanta.,e  was  nullified  l,y  HettVs  discoverv  that  zmc  shavm« 
.  dipped  m  a  weak  solution  of  lead  acetate,  would  accompHsh 
the    same    thin},^,  ' 

DurinK  recent  vears,  no  ra.lical  c-han^es  were  made  in  the 
process  „,  South  Africa.  This  was  dt,e  to  the  serious  blow  ,.ven 
th>'  m.nn,«  mdustrv  hv  the  B,..r  war;  and  also,  i„  part,  to  the  con- 
servat.sn,   of  metallurgists   on    th..    Rand   and   their   reluctance   to 

•Kov,^,,  ,,v  ,h..  a,„h„r  fr„n,  a  pa,,,,  r-a,,  ,,.,,„,  ,hc  .X„u.n,an  M,n,n«  C„n«.ess. 


'^^:-'';, "  Y:  -^*^-^ 'T-^^'j^"  r^?mrM  ^^:  ^ 


MICROCOPY    RESOIUTION    TEST    CHART 

ANSI  and  ISO  TEST  CHART  No    2 


1.0 


I.I 


lift     m  J-* 


III  2.5 

\\22_ 
12.0 

1.8 


1.25    111  1.4 


1.6 


^      APPU^a    IfVHGE      Inc 

^=  t)   *82  -  0300  -  Phon« 

r=  -6)   ?88-  5989  -FoK 


is-J 


/\7-:(  i:\T  (  )\\.\'ii>i:  I'K.u  in  !■: 


ai'  iiii|innaiU  iiiT' i\  aliniis  iiri:4inalinL;  flsi-winTi-.      Tlir  l.rdtlirrs 

Dciiii}  .ri\'  the  [\y<\  lit  tlu'  Railil  lllrIallur,L,'isls  tu  rrrn^iii/f  the 
iiilpiin.i.,!  r  nt  liner  ,L;rin'liii,L;.  aii'l  tlicir  ciuTL^ctic  aihmarx'  ni 
tiilK'-niilliiiL;  aii'l  lillrr-pa'ssniy  tiiiall}"  rrsultcil  in  llu'  arrrjitaiKu 
of  .\ii<traliaii  nittliinls. 

h  wa'-  ilurini,'  i1r-  ]rtliai"L;\  "i  cvaiiiilatinn  mi  ilir  Rami  that 
thr  till  r-pn-ss  ami  t  hr  lulir-iiiill  wkvv  inl  v  "hunl  in  Wi'Slfrn 
Aiistraha.  in  tliis  iiinn(Tti<i;i  ;hc  inti-n-^liiiL;'  fact  ina\'  \>v  iintcd 
that  all  the  inipdrtant  (k■\i^^■^  int  i'imIihimI  inin  cxanjilc  practiri' 
hail  hern  |  n'cv  ii  nisl\-  n-,ril  in  niluT  iii'lusl  vic^.  j-^wii  the  I'lin' 
(listriliutrr  u>cil  for  dist  rilnil  inu  lailmu  in  a  It  achiiiLr  \'at  wa--  an 
adaptatiiin  nf  tjif  '■unininn  la\\■n-^|>rink^  r  The  tiltrr-jiri^s  had 
hi'i'ii  empliivrd  td  ^tr.iin  sniuti'in^  in  tlu-  rrtiniiiL;'  nf  -.u;^ar:  tlir 
t  f.lx'-niill  liad  lit'cii  in  um-  a--  a  dr\-'^rindin-4  niacliinr  in  the  miiriit 
indnstrw 

Tlir  nulallur^i>ts  of  Au'-traha  iH'\-cr  ti.nk  kindl\-  tn  di  I'an- 
tatiun  in  ^linif  ircatinnit,  and  tlir  int  ri  iduclii  in  i  .f  thr  lilt>.r-j)i\'ss 
was  the  result.  In  iustirc  in  .\i'riia.n  Mjn'ratni-s,  hnwi  w-r.  it  nnist 
!k'  said  "•hat  iK'rantatinii  wa^  wrll  suited  tn  i'xi>linL;  iimdilions. 
Tlif  |iri)diu't  the}-  wrH'  liandlin'4  was  tim  Inw-L^radr  in  stand  the 
jirnhihitixr  ii)-.t  nf  liltrr-]>n'SsinL;.  in  Wcslern  Australia,  the 
filter-jivcss  was  applied  tu  a  nuuh  riilicr  ]n'Mdiut,  and  oiu'  nunh 
lietirr    aiiaptrd    t(i    the    nielll'id. 

Till'  iil,\iiir,s  iihifctinn  lu  the  old  i\pc  of  tdicr-pn'ssos  is  the 
hi,i,'h  cost  ot  in>ta]lat'on  and  operation,  hul  thc\'  newvt  heless 
enjm'ed  a  utrcat  success;  and  it  is  w<irth\'  of  note,  in  oliser\"int; 
the  e\(ilulion  of  the  process,  that  the\'  w\  re  a  means  of  etiijiliasiz- 
in^;  the  importance  of  tine  erinilm.t,'  and  helped  to  estalilish  tlii' 
tulie-tnilh  It  has  alwa\;;  lieeii  a  truism  in  c\anidat  ion  that  t  he 
liner  the  pro(luct  .  t  lie  hn^her  the  extraction,  'idiis  is  the  ca^e 
with  hut  few  exceptions.  'I'll  apjilv  this  jirinciple  rerjuired  \\\o 
things;  an  economical  machine  for  line  ,i,'rindin,L;  and  a  liltcrinj,' 
system  that  would  he  at  once  etlicient  and  econoniiial.  \'ou  are 
all  no  doulit  familiar  with  tlie  tuln-niill  as  now  a])])lied  in  c\anide 
work.  It  consists  of  a  slKel-stcel  cylinder  with  cast-iron  ends, 
varyin.t,'  in  size  (the  larijest  mills  are  ."  ft.  diain.  hv  22  ft.  lonj.;i, 
and  supported  cith.cr  tipon  trunnions  or  upon  steel  tire.s  revoh'- 
in^'  on  rollers  like  a  elilorination  liarnd.  The  interior  of  the  n.ill 
may  be  lined  eitlier  with  east  iron,  or  a  species  of  natural  flint 
known  as    'siiex.'     The   latter  is   the    more   commonly   used,   and 


/.\//V\'(>r/-.l//-;.V7>'  IX  THE  I   V.WIDI:  I'RiH  ESS 


im:{ 


is  suM  .n  twi)  ^izis;  Minks  _'t  in.  and  \  in.  thick.  Tlii'  >iKx  lining,' 
is  laiii  in  uniriit  and  \\\\\  kisT  t'niin  fcnir  to  iiL;lit  ninnths.  dcptiKi- 
in;,'  U])<)n  the  nvv .  Wlun  rradv  to  oinratc,  the  mill  is  charf^'i-d 
aliout  lialt-fiill  with  tlint  piddiks.  The  prndiut  to  ln'  rcdiuiMl 
is  fed  into  tlic  mill  t'ltlur  throuj^di  a  spiral,  or  a  dcNict-  of  the  >ttitT- 
int,'-hox  t\p(  ,  and  the  ri-),'round  matrrial  is  disi.iiarj,'f(i  at  thf 
opposite  end,  In'int,'  tiind\-  .ommimitcd  !i\-  attrition  a.i;ainst  thr  Hint 
pelildes  ami  the  lining'  durinj,'  the  slow  revolution  of  t  lie  e\linder. 
The  a\era,t;e  s])eed  of  the  tulie-miil  is  from  "J."  to  .'<.'.  ri\-oUi1ions 
]ier  minute.  The  Hneiiess  to  which  the  san<l  is  redueed  will 
depend  upon  several  factors,  chief  amon,;;  which  is  t  he  amount  of 
wati-r  useil.  The  best  projiortjon  has  heen  found  to  lie  one  jjart 
solid  to  one  jiart  water.  As  a  inach.ine  for  econoniicallv  reduc- 
ing' ore  to  an  extreme  fineness,  tln'  tuhe-mill  has  no  equal.  The 
cost  ot  operati(jn  is  variable.  In  this  country  and  in  Mexico  it 
will  ran^c  hetwien  20  and  4(lc.  per  ton.  The  work  at  El  Oro, 
Mexico,  an<l  at  Telluride,  Colorado,  is  representatixe  of  the  best 
jjractice  on  this  continent:  while  that  at  the  Contbination  mine, 
(ioldfield,  .\e\ada.  probablv  represents  the  maximum  of  cost. 
owinK  t(j  hij^'h  ])rice  of  power  and  labor.  A  small  4  bv  1_'  ft. 
trunnion  mill  is  installed  at  the  Combination  for  sliming'  the  40- 
mesli  [.roduct  from  a  Bryan  mill.  The  i)roduct  of  ten  stamps, 
about  ','>',  tons  of  ore  per  day,  passes  to  the  tube-mill  classifier; 
and  of  this  jiroduct  about  7."',  i^m^.^  to  the  tube-mill,  or  24. G 
tons  i)er  day.      The  following;  ti.Ljures  may  be  of  interest: 

Cost  ot   2J-in.   siU'X  linmj,'  laiil  in    null  $;<■':)  ,-,o 

Life    of    liniiij^     4'  month.s 

(-  ost  of  lininj;  per  ton  of  ore  stamped 7,7  cents 

Cost  of  iH'lililes  delivered  at  (loldtield $71   per  ton 

(onsuniption  of  pebbles ■2AY.\  lb.   per  ton  of  ore  stamped 

(  ost  of  pebtiles  per  ton  of  ore  stamped    7.1  cents 

lV)\vcr   consumed J.',   h.p.    at    $ll,J,i   per   h,j).    per'  month 

<  ost   of  power Jti.7   cents   per   ton   of^  ore   stamped 

^^unnnarv.  eust  per  ton  of  ore  stamped. 

i'!-'^'.'j''-'s SO  07 1 

r'"'"K 0  077 

J  ""■'■■• 0.267 


$0  415 


Tending  the  mill  is  one  of  the  several  duties  falling;  upon  one 
man,  and  the  consumption  of  lubriiants  is  almost  negligible; 
therefore  1  have  not  included  these  two  items  in  the  cost.  Tins 
•cost  of  41c.  per  ton  mav  be  assumed  to  be  the  maximum  for  tulx-- 


1S4 


A7-(7-..V/-  (  \M.\7/v/-.   I'N.\(  ri(  /■:. 


milling:.  "WiiiL,'  tu  tlic  \(T\'  iiii;li  (.i-,t  of  lalji;r  atid  lr,iii>]» jim  in 
suullurn    .\r\aila    i  ani|.s, 

1  haw  alrrailN  rcrcr.-i  d  t<.  tilirr-j.nssin.i;  as  an  t-.-ialili.-ln  li 
IirartuT  in  \\\sti  rn  Australia.  'I'lir  pn  ss  \\a.^  never  wrv  ]in[,u- 
lar  m  Aniiriia.  anil  K  \v  suctrssful  iiistallal  ions  arc  nroniid. 
Tlu'  most  notv\\onli\',  pcrliaps.  is  that  (jf  the  (lold  Road  niiiir. 
iirar  Kiivi,'iiian.  m  Arizona,  \\1hm\-  two  fixc-ton  IXlinc  ])rssi's 
ha\-c  lucii  suii.rsslnll\-  operated  for  some  time.      Alioul  three  wars 

aijo  Mr.  ( ieorL;e   M ■(  ,  alter  a  series  of  failures  in  an  aitemjii  to 

lilter-press  sliiiie  at  till'  mill  of  the  Consolidati'd  .ilereui'  t'o  ,  in 
L'tah,  desised  a  \aeuum-lilter  and  installed  a  plant  m  the  M.  reur 
mill.  This  was  the  on-m  of  the  \  aeuum-liiier,  reeimi  niodifiea- 
tions  ot  whieh  are  to  l,e  found  at  a  nunilier  of  mills  in  this  eoumrw 
l"..\perimems  reeeiitlx-  made  m  Australia  so  far  demonstrate  the 
supenoril\-  of  this  method  oxer  ell  others,  that  it  .seems  safe  to 
prediei    the    earl\'    disappearance    of   the    filti'r-pri  ss. 

rile  unit  ol  tile  .Moore  filter  is  a  reetan,L;ular  weiodeli  framt' 
co\ereil  with  cainas.  and  prox'idcd  with  a  \-aeuum  drain-pipe 
extending;  to  uie  lowest  point  of  the  interior.  These  frames  ai'e 
5,'rouped  to^rcti^.,-  i„  ilusti'rs  or  haskets.  which  are  raised  and  lowereil 
li\'  means  ot  a  hydraulic  (  raiic  When  lowered  into  a  siiitalile 
eomp.artment  eontainiiiL,'  the  slime  pulj),  the  waeuum  is  applied 
to  a  lommoii  pipe  connected  \\-ith  each  frame.  The  r.ohition  is 
drawn  tlirou,^h  the  caneas,  and  a  slinie  cake  wiryini;  from  ^  to  ^ 
in  thick  i-  .deposited  on  each  side  of  tlu'  filterdeaf.  The  cluster 
fit  tiltcrdea\-es  carryim,'  the  charge  of  slime,  weiijhint,'  sexcral  tons, 
is  then  lifted  from  the  pulp,  shifted  automaticalh-  to  an  adioininj.; 
compartment  eontainiiiL;  the  \vash,  where  it  is  as^'ain  lowered,  the 
\aeuum  applied,  and  the  ilisplaeini,'  operation  repeated.  The  load 
is  ai^'am  rais.d  and  shifted  to  a  bin  where  the  cakes  are  <lis(  !iar<.,'e(l 
ii\-  introducin'4  air  into  the  interior  of  the  lea\-es. 

The  olijccti  >ns  to  the  .Moore  filler  are  the  hiah  lirst  cost  of  the 
mechaniMii  rei|uired  to  shift  the  slime  and  the  hiuh  cost  of  main- 
tenance The  uniiuchaniia!  and  cumliersonie  features  of  this 
s\steni  led  to  the  inlroduitini  by  ("assd  of  a  s*ationar\-  tiller, 
and  the  I'hmination  of  ihe  a"kward  tncclianism  of  the  Moore 
schenii-  It  remained  for  Pjullcrs  to  ado])t  the  Cassel  prim  iple, 
simplii\-  it.  and  so  modify  it  as  to  make  it  a  pronounced  success  at 
his  Viri:inia  ('it\-  plant  In  the  Butters  filter,  the  leaves  are  set 
in  a  ix'ctan,L,'ular  box  or  \at.  the  hottom  of  the  hox  eonsistini:  of  a 


/.1//'AVM7-..U/-,.V7.s   !\  Till:  (  Y.Winh:  I'KiH  l:<>.      is." 

srrirs  oi  iMiinlf'l  |inckct>.  tn  taiilitatr  the  clis^■llaI■l;(•  nf  the  spriit 
caki'S.  Tlu-  nanus  arc  ap]nMximaIil\-  ")  li\-  10  It,  and  (  nnsj  t 
ot  a  pifcc  lit  ciic'ia  matlini^f  witli  a  ^l-.cct  "I'  cain-a-^  (luiltril  nn  ra  'i 
si'lc.  the  wlinlr  liciiii;  stitcln'il  nii  a  I'rann'  i.f  l-iii  ]ii|n'  aii'l  scruri-lv 
sc'Wt'il  t'l  tlii--  pipr-tranif.  wliir'n  in  turn  i->  suppnrtr'l  nii  a  tinitici- 
licailtT,  'I'lii'  liott'.tn  afiii  lA  \hr  iVatiic  is  pcflnratc  .  1  with  Miiall 
linlrs,  tlirnii,L;li  wliirli  tlir  soliitinn  cntriN  tlic  pipe  when  tile  Wiruuin 
is  applir'l.  On  unr  si^lc  the  pipe  tVanir  is  pi-nicctnl  thi-('U!_;li 
tlir  Willi. !rn  licaiUr,  anil  i--  ruiint  rlnl  witli  a  niuimun  \-a.uiiin- 
pipt'  k-ailiirj  tu  tln'  \aiuuin  punip.  The  ifainrs  staiiil  pafalK'l 
in  the  lilttT-lmx  at  alimit  4 ', -in.  rent  its.  The  pulp  i~-  ilfawn  I'mni  tlu' 
slin)c-rcsri-\-iiif  ami  putnpcil  int"  the  linitnin  nf  tlir  liltcr-lK  ix  until 
all  the  franifs  arc  inmin-scil,  Tlir  varuuni  is  thru  ajiiilicil  until  a 
(.akc  III'  --uitalilc  tliifknrss  is  ilrpusitcil.  anil  the  iwirss  nf  jmlp 
is  thru  wit  li'lraw  11  into  the  slitnr-fcsri'\  niiv  Tliis  npcfatinn  is 
ix'pcatril  t'l  if  tlir  wash,  anil  thr  raki.'  Imalh'  ilisdiarLjcil  mtn  tlir 
liiittiitn  III'  tile  liiix  liy  int  fi  nhirini,;-  watrr  nn-lrv  a  luw  hrail  intn  thr 
intrriiir  nI  thr  lra\TS,  Thr  arrunuilatnl  rakrs  iVi.ni  rarh  rh;',fl.,'r 
arc   frtnoN'ril   li\-  >luiriipL,', 

This  --ystrin  ]ii  is^rsSfs  thr  threat  ailranta,L;r  nf  sini]ilirit  \-  ami 
low  rust  lit'  tnainlrnanri  ,  A  |ilant  nt'  any  size  ran  lir  nprratni 
liy  iinr  man,  wlm  stamls  on  a  pkitt'nrni  un  a  lr\-rl  with  tlir  tup  ut 
thr  filtrf  liiix  ami  nianipulatrs  thr  lui nips  \\-itli  lr\-rrs,  ami  thr  \-al\-rs 
with  a  sitnplr  ilriini-aml-shrasr  inrriiainsin,  Thr  L'dll  tun  plant 
lit  tliis  I\-pr  in  thr  Huttrrs  mill  at  \'ir!;itiia  C'it\-  is  uprfatnl  at  a 
rust    lit    alMillt     Idr.    prr   tun    lit'  slinir. 

At  thr  Cimiliinati'in  mill  1(1  tuns  ol  this  slimr  prr 
ila\-  arr   lirillL,'  llltrrril   at    a   rust    nf  almin     l.")r,   prr  tun.   as   fnlloWs; 

Thrrr  nu  11  at   St     sl'J  ]Kr  .I,i\- :i(l  i  fiits  per  ii  qi 

Twrhc  h,].,  al   SI  i.J.'i  p,r  h.i.    |n,r  niimth I  I 

l.uliru'.cni  s  ami  nicrlcntals 4 


l.'i  rtiils  ]iiT  nm 

This  plant,   Imwrxa'r.   has  a  raparit\-  of  .")fi  tmis  prr  ila\-        If 
wnrknl  til  its  limit  nf  raparitv,  thr  rnst   wnuM  lir  rnhirril   tn  ;<li 
]irr  ton,      '{"hr  rnst  nf  tilti'r-iirrssini,r  ;it  llir  sanir  plant   in  thr  rarlv 
liays  nf  ii|)<.Tatinn   was  a])prnxitnat(.-l\-  si    prr  tun, 

Thr  1.")  lip,  mnsunu'd  is  used  for  thr  fnjlnwim,'  piiipnsrs : 

Drivinj,'  a  4-in,    Butters  rrntrifuijal  pump, 

Oprratint;  a    12  hy    III  (inuM's  wirunni  jiump. 


|,S(i 


KhA   l:.\T   (_   )'.\.\/l)l:    /'/\M(    /7(  /•;. 


n)i.Taliii-  ;,  L'-in,  .■.ii!nl\i-al  puiiii.  f,.i-  raism-  tlir  tillind 
''"lii'ii'ii    [i>    a    ilarif\-in;^'    tilln-  jircss 

OlKraiiii.L;  a  J-iii.  .riitnhi-al  |.inni.  [<>r  iTturiiin-  llu-  sliim- 
n\vr\],>\v   fn.iii    til.-   Irarlim.u-xats    {,,   i\n-   -iiiiir  -^dihrs. 

()lKTatin<4  ^tirrin.L;  iiuilKmiviii  in  {w,,  slmu'  r.-scrv.qrs  IJ  ft. 
'liamrtrr. 

The  \,n\\rv  u]:tv  ]<r  (list  rilmlr.l  as  fi.llou-s: 


l-'"!-  ,u  Ui.cl  ..iicr.ilii.n  I.I    tiltir.   ..i|iarii\-   .■.(■, 

I'"i>r  :i),'itatin),' slinif-i'Uin|i 

For  uses  not    ronm-clnl   uilli   liltir 


:i     ■■ 

riic  cv.'lc  (.f  i.].rration  m  the  liiittcrs  tiltcr  r.iii>uincs  al».ut 
'■'•  lir.  _>()  nun,,  it   will  xary.  uf  r,.urs-.  with  thr  naturr  of  tlu^  -l.nK- 

t'l     \n-     liltciXMl. 

Tins  type  (.1  tihrr  has  luvn  install,  ,]  ,.r  is  in  pnuvss  m'  installa- 
li"n  at   SIX  nulls,  in   Wva.la,   .Mt  xi,  n.  and  Sahadnr. 

riurc  ari'  rcrtam  ron.liticins.  how.'Vcr,  wIut,.  the  pr...hut 
I"  lic  han.llr.l  is  tn,,  Inw-.-ra-k'  to  admit  vvvn  ni  va<  uuni-tiltrnn-; 
tins,'  miuirr  spmal  study  and  a  siKvial  pnucss.  Th,'  n.vd  ,,t"'a 
special  process  to  suit  a  unique'  condition  was  never  Letter  exeir,- 
plitud  than  in  l}]v  ease  of  the  Honiestake  ore, 

I  shall  not  venture  to  des, filn-  the  .lilfeivnt  prol.leins  en- 
e.iuntered  and  sueeessfully  so!\ed  ],v  .Mr.  ('.  W.  .Merrill  at  the 
Honiestake  in  the  eyani.iin-  ,,f  a  tailinL,'  ax  era  .I;  in, ij  less  than  sl.r.O 
per  ton.  The  next  and  most  serKuis  problem  to  en,^'a,t,'c  his  atten- 
tion was  the  treatment  of  the  slime,  of  whicdi  l,(i()()  tons  jier  <lav 
ot  an  avera,i,'e  xalue  of  ,S()e.  per  ton  haxe  heen  run  U>  waste  from  the 
Honiestake  nulls.  Mr.  Merrill  has  deseriLed  a  tilter-pr,  ss  the 
uni((ue  feature  of  whieh  is  that  it  ean  l,e  automatieall v  .iiseharK'cd 
l.v  sluicing'  without  liein.i;  oiiene.i.  thus  doin^  awav  with  the  chief 
ohjeetums  of  tile  ol<l  type  of  press,  namely,  the  n>st  of  operating. 
This  press  is  of  a  common  flush-plate  and  distance  frame  i.attern, 
l.ut  consists  <,f  much  .ar-.T  units.      The  dimensions  are  as  follows: 

.VimihiT  of  frames    

Size  of  frame 

I.eiifjth  cif  press 

( '.H]iaeity  of  press 

\Vei),'fit  of  jiress 

Tliiekness  of  cake    


4  hv  (i  ft. 

.  ,  .'4.'>  ft. 

.  .  Jt)  tons 
li.")  tons 
,     t   in. 


I  Ik-  puij.  is  admitted  to  this  press  through  a  eontmuous 
channel  at  the  centre  of  th.'  top  ,,f  the  frames.  When  the  cake 
is  forme,!,  cyanide  solution  is  forced  into  the  cake  throujjh  channels 


IMI'l<ii\l-_MI:\  I  .^   !\    nil:   (   WWIDK  /'/\'"(7-->>.     |s7 


:it  till-  ui>|K'r  I  "i-iur-^  At  tlif  l.(jltiJin  of  tlit-  IrauU'S,  llicrr  ixtni'ls 
a  I  cinlimtiiu--  rhannci  within  whii  h  lies  a  siir.ciiiLT  ]ii|ir,  iirovidcil 
with  ii'izzliN  that  |ii-'ii>(t  iiitu  larh  cciTiiiiartiiU'iiI .  'I'hi^  pipe  ran 
111'  vr\(i|\  (.1  thfiiu'^'h  an  a  it  at  an\-  iiia,t;nituili'  so  as  t"  ]ihiy  a  stream 
iiit'i  aii\-  i>avt  <>i  the  take,  washin;^'  it  ilnwii  into  thr  aiituilar  sjiacc 
Iji'twiTii  {\]v  (ciiiral  ihaiiiicl  aii'l  t!ic  suhitioti  jiipc  When  the 
press  is  lieini;  hited  aibi  learhe'l.  the  chsehari^e  emls  nf  this  pipe 
are  scale. 1       The  nielhuii  ol  ii|iei-atiiiii  is  as  Icilldws: 

The  ■-limi-,  aftef  partial  ile w  alerini:.  ennsists  (if  atniut  three 
jiart-  i)f  water  to  one  ot'  -.oli,!s.  In  this  lortn  it  is  eh.arj^'i'.i  by 
i;ra\it\-  to  the  jiresses  at  ahoiit  oO-lli.  ]iressnre.  'l"he  leaehini,' 
with  e\-ani'h'  solution  is  ,i..ni'  in  the  prcs^.  the  etlhieiit  sohitions 
licin;4  eonducteil  to  lour  pri-eipitatiiiL;  \ats  wlieri-  the  ;,'olil  is 
rceo\-ereil  on  /me  ihist.  There  is  no  jiouer  eost  for  a^itatitiy  or 
eUwatin;^,    exeept    for   eleeat illt;    the    sohltion    to    the    Jiress,       Theri' 

will  lie  only  (i.(i  ton  of  solution  han.lleil  per  ton  of  slinie,  of  which 
onl\-  (l.'l  ton  will  he  iirecijiitatcil.  All  tiltcriii'^-  will  he  ilone  !iy 
!,M-a\it\- at  a  cost  of  two  cents  per  ton. 

This  plant  is  liein.c;  I'recte.j  on  the  hasis  of  tests  iiKeli'  in  a  fotir- 
lon  press  of  the  tv'pc  (k'scril icT.  In  all.  1.21U  tons  were  treateil 
with  tlu-  followiiiLr  rt'snlts: 


'M  cents  j.cr  tun 
10       ■ 

si  cent-;  iir  !MI'  , 
..s;i  cents  or  !»]'  , 


Axcrauc  as^;i\--valuc  cl  slinic  licfore  ire.ilniL-m 

alter  ■'  

I-;.\ tract  111,1  li\-  a.<,^ay.  ]icr  t-m 

Reciivcreil  in  )ircci|ii(atc  ikt  tun    

The  following;  facts  relatinjj;  to  this  imjiortant  installation 
aiv  of  interest : 

Estimatcil  ciisl    of  slinic-treattnem    -"i  cents  ]nT  ton 

Estimated  jirotit  inr  \ear   S:!l)(l.()(M) 

Cost  of  plant      S  Kld.dOl) 

Cost  of  ])i[iedines S.')(».()(t(» 

Area  covered  by  plant -~ll  hy  (ia  ft. 

Area  covered  jier  ton  of  capacity    Two  square  \ards 

Cost  of  installation  jier  ton  of  capacity S:{(IO 

Filter-press  cost  per  ton  of  capacity S<)0 

Power  recpiired 1  ,'10  h.p,  per  ton  of  slime  treated 

Water  required  for  sluicing 4  tons  water  to  one  ton  of  slime 

In  the  elaliorati'-in  of  the  above  process  and  plant,  Mr.  Mer- 
rill shares  with  the  projectors  of  the  vacuum-filter,  the  ercdit 
of  the  most  noteworthy  advance  made  in  recent  years  in  the  metal- 
lurgy of  the  cyanide  process.     His  method  is  admirably  adapted 


IJ „»-,!. 


.1    jt-c-    <rt,-;t.-;,,r 


n  r*  <-»  n /-I  m  t  y^  a 


1       footuT 


l\,s 


AV-.(  /-.A  /    (   )\\\f/)/;    /'AM,  77,  /,•. 


"U.st  appral  at  ,,„,.■  ,,,  ,.vrrv  vn^uu-rv  an.l  nianat;,T  wl„,  ,  ,„u.t,i. 
liiinsril  uith  such  \-,tal  thni.us  as  rn>ts  an.l  prolits. 

Whrthrr    an     autmnaiic  all  y    .li.clia,-,.!     ,.,v>s    ran     r.m.prt.- 
un.lcT  a\vraj.v   <,>n.luiu„s    uith    tlir    vamuni  l.ltrr.    ,vn,ains    m    1„. 

■';■""  -^'^''i'"'    '■">"•-,■,    W,ll,lc,„,„l    „,„.„    l,Kalrn„,l„,n„,,    ,,,..1,    a. 

thr  Mtr,  ,lu.  ut,l,.atin„  , ,f  .,av,tv  IM-  Various  np,Tat„,ns  wat.T 
'•'"'""■'■  "'"'■'•  ""I'plv.  an,l  tlir  prn.iral.ilitv  .,t  the  niatrfial 
""■1»''-  tivatmrnt.  as  v.rll  a.  tlu-  ,-a|.„l,ty  „uh  whu'l,  u  vu^Ms  up 
its  prci  ious  nitial. 

Spa.  ■■  uill  not  p,M-!iut  Tiir  p.  tuu.h  np..n  zm.-,lust  pivcipita- 
"""  '»'■"»•'•  than  tu  sav  that  th.rr  is  .^v.tv  in.li.af.  .,  that  it  u,ll 
.■vrntually  takr  th.^  pla.v  ,,f  „„,.  ^Iku  in.t;  ,n  all  plants  ,,f  la,-., 
'■apauty.  HU.,tnr  .lrp.,su,.,n  n(t.,-s  a  lat-r  and  pfonns.n^  l,d,l 
tor  mvrsti-atinn.  hut  has  not  as  vrt  h.vn  hn.uL^ht  p.  a  prrtVvtlv 
satistartnry  rondus„,n.  Rr,  cnt  a.lvanrrs  in  ,van..latiun  haw 
niainlv  m  ,]..  NMth  thr  Inirr  r,.hutinn  cf  th,.  ppuiuct  to  !„•  tR-atr,l 
llH'  tnatnirnt  of  san,|  l,v  karhin-  will  prohaMv  cont.nur  to  Ur 
tlK'  licst  tnrtho.l  in  a  frw  instan.vs;  hut  no  ohscrvcr  w,ll  .Icny 
that  thr  trrn.l  .,f  tno.jrrn  ,,i-arti,  r  is  towani  tinr  -nndin-.  an.l  .Join'- 
awav  \v,th  Iradiin-  a  nsult  nia.lr  p,,ss,l,l,.  l,v  thv  ,:,!  ro,hu-t.on  ui- 
th- tul.r  null  an.l  the  Hfianit  tiltinn-  nuth.MJs  now  m  vo,.uc 


c'VAxiDi-:  I'RArTici:  at  kalc.oorlii-: 

1)1  ,  iiii!,i  r -'.'    I'.. III. 

Tlu'  Kiiitnr; 

Sir  1  ii)tivi,lrr  it  a  furtunaU'  numinit  ulirti  a  vnyv  i,\  \-nuv 
issue  lit  July  L"^  laillf  i:it<i  my  hamls  ami  riial.lnl  iiir  ti  i\a.l  with 
intiivst  ami  alsn  a  littK-  a.imisciiicnt  an  artirlf  liv  Mr.  Alfred 
Janus  Mil  •frusliinL,'  ami  Cirimline  I'ractiir  at  Kali^'unrlir. '  As 
yiHi  lurntinii  that  any  rcjily  •.,  Mr,  James'  iriticisnis  will  he  ,L,'i\c'n 
a  e-uirteous  hearin,:,'.   I  trust  that  it   will  he  sn  in  this  instante. 

With  the  ex(e[itiijn  i>\  a  tew  reiiK.rks  in  thi'  first  part  i>f  the 
artiek'  in  i|iiestinn,  there  is  little  tn  'lisa.i,'!-!!'  with,  hut  it  is  when  Mr. 
James  leaxes  general  \  iews.  ami  Ljets  ilnwii  i.n  tn  more  iletaileii 
work,  that  lie  appears  p.  lose  his  halanee.  es]ieeiall\-  in  reLraril  to  his 
criticisms  on  the  tests  niaile  at  tin'  hanho'  mine,  at  Kal,i,'oorlie. 
hetween  j^'rimlinj,'  pans  ami  tuhe-mills  Althou.i^h  I  lel't  the  stf- 
vieiMif  that  ei)!n]iany  in  .Mari  h  last,  it  is  natural  that  an  attaek  ilike 
the  one  now  under  rexiew)  on  those  e.Kperinu'nts.  whieh  were  car- 
ricil  out  hv  Mr,  K,  H,  Xieolson  ami  myself,  should  evoke  a  replv. 

Takin.L,'  that  jiart  of  Mr.  James'  jiaper  which  relates  to  pans 
atjainst  tuhe-mills.  he  op.ens  with  a  reference  to  a  mvsterious  mine 
at  KalKdorlie.  that  is  practisim;  hromo-cyanide  treatment  without 
usinj;  hromo-cyanidi'  methods,  and  in  conseiiucnce  the  residues 
of  this  mine  are  rejiuted  to  he  worth  L'^,  dwt.  ])vv  ton.  With  the 
exception  of  the  loss  in  residues.  I  have  a  shrewd  suspicion  wh.at  the 
name  of  the  mine  is.  hut  would  certainly  advise  Mr.  James  to  call 
at  headquarters  and  art  i-orrect  ti^ures  for  the  past  few  months, 
which  are.  I  dare  say.  considerahly  under  his  estimate. 

The  question  of  extraction  was  entirely  left  out  of  the  Ivanhoe 
tests.  The  point  to  he  ]iroved  was.  whieh  was  the  superior  grinder, 
a  pan  or  a  tuhe-mill.  I'ersonally.  I  think  very  little  difference 
would  he  found  in  the  extraction  ohtained  from  the  slime  made  hv 
cither  of  the':e  two  machines. 

I  am  i,rlad  to  see  Mr.  James  rej^'rets  that  names  of  such  iiit^h 
standing  .should  have  heen  tacked  on  to  tests  .so  badly  carried  out 
as  were  those  at  the  Ivanhoe.  While  apjjreeiating  the  compli- 
ment in  th  ■  first  jnirt  of  this  sentence.  I  would  also  ajiply  the  same 
rem.-irks  to  Mr.    Tan.ies  ^.v.'A  h.'s,  'Ttic!;-       'f"!-.-!-;  --r-i."  ;r---.»i."-"u"    •  ■.- 


li»() 


l<l--(   l:\  I     I    ]■   \  \ini:    /'/,'  1,    //f/-;. 


a  uon.lcrtul  tlmu-li  rn-un.,,u>  .Ir.lu.ti.  ,„.  thni  ,lis,.  ,\  ,rs  t  luit  as 
til-'  rvaiil,,,,.  iul„-niil!  wnrkr.l  .„i  alurnalr  .hu-,.  thr  llims  urn- 
"■at,':i  uiih  slimr  at  the  vtan  .,|  ra.  Ii  .lailv  I,>r  l",  „■  Mr.  lanics 
'""'■'''  '''"'"'■  '  ""iil'l  nil..n„  1,|„,  ,1,,,,  ;,t'  ,hr  rn.l  .,|  a  .lav's  run 
"'""■'"'"■  "i>".'l"l-'''l"-as.lu,l..|ian.|.|,,,„  watrrpasM.ltlm.wh 
'"'■  """•■  """■  '"'""■''  ""■  "I'll  it^.ll  «a<  st,,,,,„.,l.  an.l  ,„,  iv  MarlinLr 
'"'■  .niMiluT  .lay's  n,„  tlir  null  \va.  all.,uv,l  to  ^y. .yk  i.,v  -.,,„„■  t,i,u' 
'.•"111  ,ts  ml!  l.K.l  wa.  n.uhr.l  l,.-lM,v  sa,„,,l..>  ,,|  anv  kui.l  uaTr 
lakrn  Srttm-  asnl.^  ih,.  piv,  autiM,,,  il„.  |at,.  ,,1  anv  slinir  Kit 
"is„|,.  a  lulK.-nnll  rrv.,Kni.^  at  :;."  nA.,hmnns  ,„,•  niinut,'  ran  l.r 
iniai;iniil. 

Mr    jaiiir^  ,!,,^^   rnnuiirnts  M,nii  what  sar.  astiralh-  on   tli.-  lar-r 
•""""""    "'■    ■-l"'"'    '■■     '      I'.llinrslp    U-hir],    is    allnUT.l    tn    rrturii    l, 
'■li"kr  th,.  tulK-niill  instra.l  -,|  l„.i„.  ^.,,t  ri,l  ,,f  at  nuvr.  an,l  slinws 
tliat   ilir  Fvanh....  null  lia.l  niorr  slinir  ivturncl  than  was  its  ,laily 
nutput    ,,f    tl„.    ,,rM,hut.      Thr    statctnrnt     tiia.lr    in    tlu'    Ivanli.u. 
ivi'nrt   that   tlu'  iuIh'  mill  l.r.-aniv  rh..kr.l.  has  l.c.^n  taken  [u'rliaps 
'"  t.">  litrral  a  scis,.,      I,   i.  ,,|,vi,,us  that  as  ln„^r  as  thr  inlrt  an.i 
"utln   .,t  a  tul.r-niill  is  lai-r  (■imu.u'h,  i.ra.tirallv  anv  t-.nna-r  (.1 
san.l  ran  \,r  nisho.l  thrmi.uh.      What  happrns  i„  a  rasr  nf  this'^kind 
IS   that   thr   variuns  spit/.kastrn   us.mI  t..r  srparatin'.'  the  ivsullant 
slim,-  an.l  fn-.lin-  thr  mill  arr   -ra.luallv  rli,,k,'.l  l,v  the'  accumu- 
laticm    r.t    lit,,'    ,an.l   ntum-.l    tor    rr-,-rin.lin-.    tlu''  .■itri-t    of  tlu- 
tuhc-tmll  haviti,-;  mnn-  ori-mal  iVcl  than  it  cati  c.ipt.  with    i.r    in 
"ihrr   v,-..r,ls,   ihr   ,,,,11   mav   l,r   said  t<,  1,.-    -ovc^-hia,!,  ,!.'     This  ,s 
what    hai.prnrd  durin-  the   Ivanhn..  rxpchmmts.      Tlu-  tul,c-mill 
'inl  net  cxactlv  ch.ikr,  but   the  various  spitzkastvn  c-mpl.nvd  did 
and  alter  cnTy  cxpt-difnt  tailed  the  tin.'  sand  was  onK-  i.,v\vnted 
from   .uraduallv   gaining  on  the    n„ll   l,v   reduem-  the'  amount    of 
on-inal    tee.l.      As   there    is   a   eertain   time    at    wliieh    a   tuhe-mill 
must  become  overloaded,  that  jiartieular  ],o,nt  was  naturallv  pre- 
sumed  to   have    been   reache.l.     Thi'    same    ret'arks    also   can   be 
applied   to  the    i^rindiny  pans. 

At  this  point  It  may  be  as  well  to  ^et  an  idea  of  what  Mr 
James  dcx'S  consider  crood  work  bv  a  tube-mill,  an.l  I  have  -'one 
to  some  trouble  ,n  turnin,-,-  up  a  few  statements  made  bv  l,im 
during  the  last  few  \ears,  and  in  one  of  them  m  The  Engineering 
.md  Mining  Journal  oi  January,  1905,  I  notice  he  makes  the  fol- 
lowing remarks: 


(   \-  1,\ //'/■;    /'A-  1(    IK  I:    M    K  \I.(,(H>I<I.II- 


I'M 


"I  a--k  \\\i\  is  II  lliul  llic  llaniKin'^  Star  mill,  the  tir^t  niu- 
lai'l  iliiwii,  slii.uM  he  >Iill  iliiiii'^r  ill,.  l„..,t  uiivk.  \\hilr  llir  Ivanlici' 
mill  lias  hrrii  tliriiwn  nut''  Anil  turtlKi"  mi  wr  Ikim:  "Tlir 
lniiL;tst  ami  nMcst  milN,  llmsc  at  llainiaii'^  Star,  aii'l  tlir  nM 
Bli  p\\  iihill   cxlilhlt    tlir    lust    ri  stilts,   itr." 

'I'tiniim;  ii'iu  td  tlir  h'tmuil  17  llu'  (  li>inihri  i>j  Miius  nt  W't^t- 
t-ni  Australia  <if  March,  191)1,  \w  sci^  sumr  workiii'^'  n'sults  .it  this 
saiiiv  Ilamian  s  Slar  mill,  wliuli  Mr.  j.imrs  apincirs  in  ik  \rr  tivr 
in  (iimtiiii,',  A  ',^lainc  at  this  latter  paprr  riNcals.  in  the  li',,'lit  nt 
jiiTst'iit  rrmarks,  sumc  astumshniL;  tii.,'iirts,  aii'l  I  shall  trespass  a 
little    (111    \ijur   s]iati'    to   re])rii(liu f    thtiii    al(iiii,;si(le    tlinse    ut   the 

I\anlliK-.  Hetore  l,'l\ini,'  these  It  must  he  remellllieled  that  till' 
llamiaii's  Star  ttihe-imll  was  Ml  It.  Iniiu.  takiti.i;  'M)  h.p..  and  was 
ri'dueinj,'  ;5S  tuns  ot  sand  |>er  day  tn  a  slime  ci|'  l.",(l,  while  the 
hanliiK.'  mill  was  111  It.  \nn)i.  r,'(|uinnj,'  I'd  h,]).  and  lirim,'in.i;  !!•."» 
tuns  cif  sand  t(i  a  shme  also  (if  minus  l"(t.  It  tii.iv  he  addeil 
that  of  the  on,uinaI  t\ed  of  li.s  tons  sent  to  the  former  null, 
!.'().."/,  remained  on  4(1  tiiesh,  while  of  the  I!!..'  tons  sent  to  the 
IxanhcK'  tutie.  •"*!',  sta\ed  al>o\c  41)  mesh,  or,  in  other  worils, 
tln'  oriijinal  teed  to  the  hanhot'  mill  waS  2\  limes  as  eoarse  as 
that  sent  to  Ilaniian's  Star.  As  it  was  demonstrated,  in  tests 
earrieil  (JUt  at  the  former  mine,  that  eoarse  sand  lunl  a  had  ef- 
feet  on  luhe-mill  work,  this  faet,  takinj,'  the  size  of  the  two 
tulie-iiiills  into  aeeount  .  explains  most  of  the  dit'ferenee  in  output. 
As  'slime'  I 'I  in  the  return  feeil  is  the  ])roduet  that  worries 
Mr.  James  so  niueh.  1  ijne  liilow  tln'  ^'radini,'  from  the  Iwci  tuhe- 
mills: 

Hannan's  Star  null  Ivanlioc  tiilif-iinll 

(llil't.i  :;(iS  tons  per  day.    (Kfft.l  1 4.' tons  per  day . 

heinj;  orijjinal  feed  and      liehi;,'  iiriy;uial  feed  and 

sand  retunied  for  re-  sand  rvtunied  for  re 

jjnndiny.  ^'rindinj,'. 

' ;         Tons.  ' ;           Tons. 

On       40  mL■^ll    4   .->        IJ   ()(i  11    40        Iti    1",» 

tilt                !)   .->        IT)    4(1  14  OS        L'l    L'7 

"     HUl    ■        i<»  !(      .->:{  :j:{  ud  (m      :>:.'  4.i 

l.")()  1!)  (»       .")(). <»J  17   77       2.')  L';{ 

Through      l.-,()     "        47    1      l-'6  2'.'  18  i»l        26  8.') 

A  ^danee  at  the  above  figures  shows  that  the  Hannan's  Star 
mill  with  an  orij,'inal  output  of  38  tons  of  -  'loO-mesh  slime  per 
day  contained  in  its  return  feed  no  less  than  47',',  or  r2()  tons 
of  this  same   ohjeetionable  product ,  against  the  Ivanhoe  mill  with 

an    nrnriri'il    r»iitT»iit     e>f     10   r\    t  i-it-i  c      /^<-.n  t  n  ini*^<r    /-i^iti-     Itt   OIT'       /^^    O^   TT 


I'.tj 


l<!x  l:\  I    i   V  \  Ml, I,   /■!,■  1,   // 


(  /■ 


i""^  In  ,,il,,  r  wnr.ls.  wv  havr  tlir  rxl  ra..nlni;u-v  i„M,,un  .,f  -i 
man  ul,,,  ,,„.,„.  la.,  f.u-  v.ars  hasl,,,,,  l,„|,l,„..  ,1,..  Ilannan's 
Mar  ,ulu-,n,ll  ,„>  I,,  ,1,..  admirati-M,  ,,t  ,l„  „„n,n..'  «„rl,|  ,  x,- 
<-uim«  a  ,.,„!, .1.1,  s,„„,rsauli.  an.J  ..  ,,,.1,  „„),>,■.'  ,1,.  ,„l„.-nnll 
I.rariuv  ,,„  a  .u,,l,|„,r,„..  umu-.  wl,..„  ,.n  Ins  -nvn  sh.nv.nK  this 
'^'>'>r  „„11  ,.  ,1,.,,,.,  tar  !,.,,„.  ,v„,k.  ,.s,Knallv  as  far  as  rlran  s,.,,- 
an.t.un  K.vs.  than  ,1„  ,„,.  l,.-  ,s  „,  ,,r,.„.l  ,„  I,  „  „nl.,n„na.. 
that  Mr.  jam.s  has  all.,u,  ,1  ,„.vs„„al  t..  in,.^s  „,  ol.Mur.  lus  ,...!«- 
""■"'""  •I"'*  -xvasi-M,,  an.l  ,r  1„.  ,„,u  puts  th,.  Hannan's' Star 
"Hll  liuur.sin  .1,..  pla.vnt  ,1„.  hanh.,..  ,,  ,s  .  vM.  m  ,n  what  a„ 
untnriiinatr  i...Mii.,n  W-   ha.  pla,,,]  hiniMlf, 

A.   It    is   lianllv    iunv>sa,v   in  (■..nniunt    anv    turilur  nn   this 
ur    will   nnvv  i^u  „n   to  aiv.lluM-  paia-rapl,   ,„   il„.   pap,  y  ,„,1,  r  r    ' 
vuw  wh.r>.  cn„,p|a,„t   is  „,a,l,.  that    llu-  pans      ,.p.,,allv   ,h.^   inM 
om-ha.l    a„    ,M,.1,„     ,,.Kanta,,-r    .,v,  r   ll„.    ,„l„-,n,ll    ,n    nialhr   of 
Jjcttin.:  n,i  ,,,   ,„„sh,.,l  pn„h..i.     Sunk    Mr.    |ain,  .  ,1,,  .  „,.t   ,,,„- 
<irmn     l„.  prartuv  ,,r  runnin,;  thr  ,,n.^,nal  nr  .,.ar.,    |,,.,l  ,„,.,  ,,„., 
''""   ^""'   ""■   '•-'""■"    '">•■    l'"l   n,,,,  a   srrun.l   ,,,  1,..   .!,„,., 1,      This 
'V'!'"  ;"   ""■   ^"'^'""^'^'^  "f  I'^'">  "vcr  iul.,-„nlK.  a.  ,„  ih,-  ca.. 
"     'I'^J.-'tNT..-,.    ma.  Inn,,   ha.  I,.l„„h  r,.,l,uv   r,,ar...  san.l  an,]  ,1,, 
ho    shn,,,,...   as    uvll       II„uvv,T.   ,1    Mr.    ian„  .    ha,l    l,„,k,,l   a,    ,  h. 
frr,]  vnunw.  Ih.  s...,,„,l  ,„    ,„nsh„„  pa,i   h,.   u,n,l,l   ...   ,ha,   ,„„ 
"1  a'latlv  i,,„„a^..  „1  7t.i,,,„.  ,vt„rn,.,l  ,,,,h,.  pan  i.,,!,..  ,han 
'\''''-"'''    '■■"  '"'-^l'    ''-'"'^'  'imr   ,.>„s  „„„■,,   ihaii   ,is  a,.,nal 


"'"I""    "t    11,,.   pr,„l;,.l..   ,„•.    ,,,    ,„,„  r   u,.r.l.,    ,  |„ 


,  •      ,,       ,  .11,1.    |Mii    nan    prar- 

uallvih..  satn..  ,p,ahlv,.|i,...,la.,h..  t  nlu-nnll.  -,,  ,  hat  l„„h  w,,v 
';''""'"'^  "'"''■'■  ""■  ^^""-  ■H^a.hanla.....  It  niav  1„.  .,,n.,,l„v'  t,, 
""■  -'""-"'■•'"  I"  M'-ti-n  that  all  tnh.-nnll.  an,l  pans  ..rnt.'l.n.' 
'"  ''   "'"'"■  "  ^'"l'-'    ""■   'harartrrisi,,.  n|   ha-  ,n,   n„.r,.      l.-.O  Mnn."^ 

'','■.'"""'""'    '"  ""■'"   "'••'"   '-^   """•  •■"■•^■^'1   ■""!■>"    "f  ih,.  pr.,l„,, 
''"'!'   '-'^'--I'i-v.tlK.n.sul,  .„•„,„   hav,n,a,,r,.p..r,]..,nnt„.n 
"I   "1'^"   .-n.,,tut.s  slnn,.,an,l  a  h.^ttrr  plan   f.,r  ..parat  „  ,n  nf  ,  , 
sanir.      .Vnni.n.ns    atlmipt.    havc'    l,rrn    ina.!,-    ,,f    lair    i,,    .hf,,,, 
"■''"'    ^'"'"'   "■   '""    -'   '■^"-  ""■   'vsult.   hav.   n„t    l„vn   sa.,.ta..t,.rv 
'■   '■""""""   '""'   P'-a..t..'al   .l.f,nn„.n   at    KalL;n,,rl„.   ,.■       \11   ,hal 
!;;"''"','    "■'"'■''   ''^'^^''^  ^'   -■■•-■•'"   i'av.n^    l-U  h.,1,..   p.,-   h.u-ar  ,„d, 
^'"f'    '^""■;:^"'''-'    -    f^"-    '■■•■""    ■:attshu.t,.rv.    f„r    au^un.    r„nv,-rsant 
w„h    unn.hn.,   pra.,,.-.    k„nw.   h.nv   lar.;..   ,s   ,h,.    quaninv   uf  v.rv 
fin,,  san.l  that    will  pass  a    |-()-„„..h     r.a.Hlv.  l,u,     ,s     ..t    hravv 
inou,.i   u,  sink   m   a   sint/kastrn,   an,l   !,r   rrinrn,,!   t./.i,..   ,„,„: 


(    ilA //>/■,    I'h:  U    /  /(   /•    .1  /     K   \l.i,iii>l<l.ll: 


l.\ 


mill  Mr  paii'^  ,i-,iin  ;(n'l  a'^aiii  Re  >  M-m/in-  i||,s.-  diith  uImi  -.  it 
Aa>  slati-.l  at  tlif  nutMt  nl  tlir  |\anlii.,  I  \|i.  riimii!--  thai  all 
tlial  piu.liut  wliuli  passi-.l  a  l-Mlinr-h  \\..nM  l.r  ralKl  Mimr,' 
\\Iii  ihrr  II  rann  iVimi  a  uil.r  mill  "v  >4riniliii_i,'  pan  As  ^uiiir  li;i>is 
''■I'l  1"  1"'  iiia'lr  i,<\-  ■  i'iii|Mris,,n.  this  was  ilmui'lil  \n  \,v  tin  laircst 
nii'l  tli.^  I-.  inrnc'il  slmir  whirh  >  auscs  Mr  [atiirs  mi  tmu  li  \\<n\-\- 
1-  111  i\alil\  \ir\  tmr  saml  In  ,lir  i\aniHi.'  npiirt  tiir  rtuni 
Ici '1  Is  sp(.k(n  i,t  in  cMrv  nistaiirr  as  saml,'  aii'l,  as  shdu  n ,  huth 
tiilc-nnll  ami  pans  hail  iluir  cumpKiiii'iu  ,  ,t  n  |t  ,,,  placi-  of 
"ritin'^  I  ■intrailir|.,r\-  statniunts,  Mr  Janus  \miuM  s,i  hiiil- 
srll  the  task  ni  .liliniii'.;  whal  slmic  is,  ami.  ha\ir.'4  sati-lH'l  t  In- 
iniiiiiv.,'  I  ijiiiiiuiiiil\  nu  that  pnint,  he  tlim  iiucius  sunu'  suiiplr 
appliaiur  whuh  w.niM  rjiniinatc  that  sliiiic,  ami  (uilv  s,nils  hack 
\"  lir  ri-i;r<iiinil  that  part  wliuli  aiiurdmL;  to  liis  ilrtinitnai  n- 
ipiin  il  it.  lluii  pirliaps  InrtJRr  tnals  iiia\  he  iimli  rlak<n  lutwuti 
^;rmilin-   iiku  liiiu  s    ihat    wmiM    satisf\-   cxfn    t  hr    iiicst    mtnal. 

Tlir  tait  nt  tlif  hanh'K'  tests  Imiu'^  ilunkril  1,\-  a  tuln-tiiill 
c.xiicrt  sent  h\  .Misers,  liiwuk.  .Muniiii;  \  i'n..  \\-nm  the  Oruva 
HniuiihiJI  ininc.  is  stittuu  iit  tu  iTinn\c  an\'  ihancc  ni  hias  on  the 
pari   <it  tli'isc  rrsiKiiisilili    fur  t  hr   tJLjtire.s  i,'i\i  n 

C'ltiiiiii;  iKiw  t<i  the  lust  alldunl  tor  IJiir.s  ami  liners  whieh 
Mr.  Jaiiu's  remarks  as  Ik mt,'  exeessi\e  I  ran  nnl\-  state  that 
the  eosts  slidwn  were  l.aseil  on  the  eunsiinipt ion  <  .xperiemcd  ihir- 
int:  the  pniL;ress  i,f  the  experinu  lUs  ami  whieli  aiireetl  elnselv 
\Mtli  n^sults  ol.taineil  en  a  larije  seale  (^n  iieiiihlMirin^,'  mines,  and 
that,  as  sliMwn  later  mi.  the  l(in:^'evit\-  i.f  liners  in  the  Kal^'Dorlie 
distriit  is  imi(|ne.  Leaxini,'  nut  the  ditlerenee  in  wear  and  t.ar 
lit  workiiiL;  parts,  the  (niestiun  (rt  a  pan  Ik  int,'  superiDr  tn  a  tuhe- 
niiU  in  l.r.  akin.i,'  .h.wn  enars,.  sand  is  so  evident  that  it  is  lianllv 
Worth   disetissin'4. 

It  ( nines  .IS  a  surprise  to  those  tinaei|u;iintetl  with  tine-ijrind- 
ini;  operations  at  Kal^oorlie  that  iron  liners  should  still  l.e  in 
use,  Iml  when  we  consider  the  records  put  uji  there  on  hard  sul- 
phiile  ou'.  one-inch  iron  liners  lastin.i,'  from  tour  to  six  months. 
or  lontjer  than  three-inch  sikx  liners  d<i  on  the  Rand,  it  is  perhai)S 
no  wonder  that  Kalj^'oorlic  inetallurijists  are  reluct.int  to  iliscanl 
suih  a  useful  friend.  The  reason  f.ir  the  <,'reat  ilitTerence  in  wi  ar 
in   liners  hetween   two  such  important    minin.t;  centres  is   w.irthv 

of   careful     iii\esti^':!t  i:  .ii        FroTti     Iti^i^vL..!:?.:     .  .f    !...i!.     I.'  .1 ::.. 

and  Rand  practice   I   would  say  thai  the  sand  of  the  latter  jilace 


I!M 


Kl.i  l:\  I    t  )\\\n)h   /7vM(   /7(  /,-. 


.>  nuul,  >l,an:.r,  a„,l  alsn  th.  fact  tl.a,  ,!,.  pr.„lun  rntrnn^  tl,. 
'»  — n.ill>  n„  ,h.  Ran,l  ,s  o.avs.r  „„  a..,,unl  ,,f  „  ,„-a.,i.all v 
<mlv  pa-s,n-  thn„„l,  ,,„.■.,  wlnlr  Kal,L;n,,rl„.  ,„,lls  ,n  -nn.l.n.r  ,,, 
a  >l.nir  havr  a  la,-.  ,,.T.vnta-r  nf  ,.r,u,nal  U-,.!  ,vtum-,l  auani'^tn.l 
^;'-^'^""-  ""''  '"  '■■'"-'It"-n>v  ,lu.  .-,.,.1  rntrnn,.  ,h,.n  ,.  „uu-h  t,m>, 
Ann,  UT  prruhar  .„-.u,ii.,anr,.  ,s  ll,a,.  wl,,!.  i,  „  ,l,l„c-lt  n„  ,]„■ 
„;""'  '"  '""'  ^'  •"'-"""  "'„K.,-  L'L'  .,.  ,„  k.„.,i,,  ,„  ,,!,.  who!,.  „t 
WcMrn,  Aus,,-al,a  tin,-,.  ,.  nu  „„li  ,„,,■  Hi  „..  ,1,.  ,„a,nntv  h.in;; 

A   ii,-ar,ual   |,nH,i    ,,i    ,1,,.  rst.Mn   ,„    u  ln>  h   -^vm.luv^  pan.   a,T 

';;,!''  •:•'':"  ^'''"•"  -""  ^"•>' "-  '■"^a^..,i  ,„  w,.,..,-,;  Aus„-ai,a, 

;*      ■    "'  """  ""'''  '"  .^nn.liTi-  ,-aw  sa,„l,  adiiiiitr-llv  ,i,„      ,  a  sl„iu- 
""■   'l-^'-   n,„u-s   wlnrh   a,T   sl„n,„,.  tl,,.,,-  „„al   pr,„lurt    ha.l   tul,r- 
"HIN  rr...,ol   nr  un  n,-,!,-,-  !,rt.„v  ,iu-   rr„,a,-kal,K.   ^^rnvluv^  a!nl,tv 
"'  I'ans  «-a.  n.n^um.l:  \>m  whcTr  i,  l,as  l.r.-n  ,kT„i,.,l  ,„  mcTa.c 
'!>'■  'apa.nv  ol   th.s.  laltr,-  plants,  pans  hav.  ,nva,-,al,lv  l.c-.n  ,n- 
sta  l.Ml   ,n  prrt,  ,-..n.v.      It    ,s  p.,-ha,,s  w,„-tl,v  „f  nniux.   that   alM.u, 
a   .i'.A-n   havr    a1s„  a,T,v,.,l   ,„■  a,v   .,n   ll„.„-  wav   t,.  Sn„,l,   Atnra 
it    ,s  a  tnattrr  „f  s,n...,^.  pl,.as„,v   ,„  ,h,,s,.   ,-..pnns,l,K.   if  ,„ 
'"■    ^'""''■''    '''-'■'''■   '•'''    ■n>-'vas..,l   us.   of  ^nn,l,n.r  pans   ha>   l,cvn 
•!"-■    ';■  '1'-    Ivanhn.  .xpc.rmvms,   and   al>n  tlv    ,v...,n„n.n.ia,„m 
'■■   """""'"   "t   a  .^nn,l,n,^r  marhinr   ,hat    (,„  us.    M,-.    |a,n.s'  nun 
x\nnis:    ha-   thr    a.lvan,a-c.s   uv.,-   tul„-,inlls   ni  -u.uv'  l.ss   l„„-s.- 
I"^^^';'-  !'<''■  "">,.  t!,r,r  ..vatrr  runvvnuna.  ,n  w<,rk,n-,  th.„-  .apac- 
.•V    t,„-  amal^an,a,,un.  ,  lu-   ^,-anula,-   ,h   natu.v   „f  tluM,-  pn.lu.t   '• 
7'    '',"'"    '"■    "''''"'    '"""'   '•-■"">'.s,,-at.,l    u,lu.,-w,s..    ,!,.„■    un- 
''""'"'■;'    ^"l-'-'-nlv    ,n    l„vak,n^    ,l,nvn    o,ar..    sand,    and    tlu^.r 
nior.  than  .(jua!  su('r<ss  in  sli,ninir. 


Sahiw..   Mm,.,  (;ua,i.la.    Rhul.sia.   Ortn!,. 


".    Mkl    IT. 


r    \ 


C'VAXIDK  PRACTICE  AT  KALCiooRLIE 

iDici-nil.ii  M    1(01, 

The    K.litor: 

Sir  With  ntcmuc  to  Mr.  l-intt'-^  l"ii'-;  Uitcr  in  \'nur  ismic 
"t  Drt'i'iiihrr  '-'2,  '>t  wlmh  \nu  kiii'lK'  st-nt  nif  an  aiix'aiirc  jirMof. 
1  niitiLi-  that  in  -^iiiti.-  nt  tlir  sjiaci  at  his  ounnnaiiil  Mr.  Hrilt  ci<KS 
nut  aii]iarrntl\  ilrn\-  in\'  su'^ijrstion  tliat  in  his  so-rallrd  tulic-inill 
\rrsns  pan  tests  he  ai-tnall\-  ft  d  into  the  tiihe-niiU  with  the  sand 
to  he  rr-irrduml  nuirc  ^hnu■(l  (Imishriji  prinhut  than  sand  tu  In- 
ri'-_i.;rijiinil ,  althnui,'h.  lie  nitisl  have  known  that  such  a  priHeiJure 
Would  xrioiivlv  (Hniinish  the  dnt\-  of  thi'  tuhe-inih. 

As  Mr.  l-ifett  doi  s  not  den\-  this,  his  loni;  per--onal  explana- 
tion  ealls  lo!'  no  otlu'i"  eointneiit  t'roni  nie  ;  hut  1  wotild  hke  to  add 
that  the  ]ian  work  at  the  I\anhoe  has  ini]ire>sed  me  .-u  las'orahh' 
that  wei'e  1  la\in>j;  (hiwn  an  instaUation  of  pans  I  sliould  deem 
invsidf  fortunate  if  aMe  to  seeure  the  ser\iees  of  Mr.  Bfelt  tor 
tliis  purpose  so  elfieietllh'  ha\'e  tile  pans  Ik  in  worked  at  his 
late    null   ;it    Kali,'(.)orlie. 

All  Rl".l)    j.\Ml.s. 
London.    I  )eeemln  r    .". 


I'ROC.RKSS   IX  CVAXIDATIOX   DrRlXc.    I<,().; 

I^  Ai 


:i>     AMi;s 


.p  .11  .     ,11  ;    ;     .1       I  ;   ( J, 

r,     ":;':""  ''""'■':"'^"^"'  "'>!  —  ..,.„,    ,n,.van„la„„„,lunn,,lu. 

::';,;;;-;;'''''''^- ''•■--". -^ll-n..,w„,n.,.a^,u.v.,,;;;:: 

;',",""':;       "^""    'l"-— -^'nn.    ,„..„...„    has 

,       ,  V  """■^""     •^■•'■^"'■'-    Pn.n.„u.,u.,.,     an,l     a.    s,a„,l     l,v 

,       '    v""    ^"""'    '"     '">'■   l^'-"-'     nu.,all„r„s,.    hav.    1,..,,,    a,- 

;;""'"'  "•  'i>'"-I'  or-  nu.I„,!,n,  .,.,,.,„,,  „,„,,  a„,„„„nv- 
;:  '  \;"  '■^■"'■■^'"•:-  ^'■"'  >-upnf..rous  ,a,Hn,  an,l  ,„  .rush.n^,  ruast- 
"^-  ;"".'  ':""^-''^-"i^  "V  a,v  ah,.a,i  ..t   la.t    vvar's  ,,ra,mv    ' 

"   -^  ■"t.,vs„n^  ,.,  n,„„   i„,„-  ,„,.  ,v.ai,„vn,   nf  .„|,1  ,„-,sl,as 

"'''"''•''  '^■^'""'^'  '™""'  -'-'"utv  a  ,u,.l„„l  „,a,,  ,n 
:""  'f^'  "  ""^""^  >-l.lnn,lu„u:  n,a.t,n,  a„.l  ,1,.  „1,1  pat,,, 
--    nrt,K.,,va,nu.„,   ,,f.,Uv,-.,,vs.     C.pp.,-  ,„v   ,„  ClnK.  ,s 

n-M...n,M..adu.,l,narvan„l..  plan,      ..,,l,uu,   .van>,l.      an,l,h,. 

■;";■"    '■'?"■'■■   "'   ^"^■'■•■^^•"'1^-    mtn.huv.i    ,n    Aus.raha    fur   ^,,1,1 

,;;;^^;^'';-'    ->''''-  ''"-.n-n,lus,n-  ,,.,., ,u., ■,..,„,,/.,„. 

'";''■      '•^''-'''--™   ta,l,„l,.s,au.kl,v    ,lu.  wav 
;'::    :•''''•  ^^^':^--"'^'''''-'-l>^n.,...,,  a.  A,..all,Ma,-r^^ 

;:-,;;;:;  ^;;>;'--'--,,..nannu.,,:.n.p.^ 

,        ">'l-'>'-'l'v   •■M-n.    a   l,n,,.r  on   anv  „„.   pan    „f,i„.   ,vn,-M 
<;"s'.nat.,i    ,„    ,,il„,,   .,,u„,n..s   apprar  ,„   1,.    „„„-..    ,,„..kh-   -.ut    •-, 

;,';!';;  ^;!"!"'":  "y""^!' "':; "!'";  "■  """■ » ---"^ '- '-  '!>.■  ,..^ 

;:wi,;iKn;.      i-|,.i,aiiiy    tiir    cniulatiiin  arising  trnin 


/7\Mo7v7->>   /.\-  (  WWIDATIHX  /^TAVAV;    iiiiMi,  107 


till'  u]i-i(i-ilatc  nirtliMils  of  thr  leading'  firm  nf  niiiiint;  iTiLjinccrs 
im  tlir  uiir  liainl,  and  inilr]H'ti<K'm  iiiana'j:iTs  (j!i  ihr  otlicr  haml,  lias 
tcmii-il  \n  place  Wistrni  Aiwlralia  111  llie  tnretnmt  in  llir  niattiT 
<it  ni'W  iiirtliiHls.  hi'^'li  extra.  ;ii)ns,  and  lnw  rosts.  Ccrtaiiilv  surii 
mm  as  IlamiltMn,  M.iss,  Xuliolsun.  and  Klut,',  and  tlu'  t,'cnt  Imun 
asscKJaU'il  with  lirwK  k,  MoremL;  iV  Co..  have  cause  tnr  c  (Jiii^'raiii- 
latioii  i.n  the  results  the\-  lia\-e  achi.-\-ed  and  are  achi  viii-.  and 
the  adojitiun  ot  their  nicthud;  in  other  rc,L,'ions  shows  thai  the 
industrw  not  hicallx-  hut  i,'enerallv.  is  umler  an  ohh^-ation  to  theiii, 
as  well  as  to  the  alert  and  iJro,L;ressi\-c  West  Au-irahan  C'hanihcr 
of  Mines,  which  has  puhli-hed  an  excellent  series  ot'  artich  -  hv 
Mr  Rolnri  Allen  on  ore  featnient  as  carrieil  out  at  tin-  \arious 
local   installations 

Aiiiericati  iiracticc  ha.>  chietlv  husi  d  itsclt  with  tul.e-mills 
and  slinie  treatnieiit.  Ar-;all.  15..s(]ui.  Huttd's,  and  Merrill  l^n/e 
all  I.een  cotitriljutiiiL,'  to  our  aiKancenieiit  ii\-  i;ettin-  out  iin- 
lirove.l  methods.  In  Africa  the  luililication  of  the  rc-ults  oli- 
taincd  hv  the  l.rotlu'rs  Denny  at  the  Mever  iV  Charlton  an<l  \ew 
(loch  nulls  has  causcil  much  intiTcst ,  tor  (.xtrai-tion  and  output 
haw  hccii  nuTcased  and  cost  lowcn'd  niainlv  hv  the  use  of 
tuhc-niilN,  Record  ltoM  outputs  are  aijain  heiui,'  pro  luied  from 
the  Transvaal,  which  has  more  than  recovered  the  s.tdiack  occas- 
ioned h\'  the   war. 

(  nisliiiiL;.  The  tendency  to  staj,;e-crusliin,L;  is  in  still  t^feater 
exideiuc.  Coarse  iireakers.  tine  i  rushers.  hea\\-  stamjjs,  pans, 
tulie-tnills.  are  imt  an  unconmion  secjuence.  With  reference  to 
hreakini;  ot  ore.  liowe\er.  it  has  not  yet  been  iiro\-ed  that  reduction 
to  finer  than  2\-m.  cuhe  is  advantau'eous  tor  tlu'  stanitjs.  Hx- 
IxTinieiits  seem  to  indicate  that  finer  crushin.i;  is  more  expensive 
than  the  ^am  arisin.L;  from  any  increasi'  in  stamp  duty  will  warrant. 

As  for  crushers,  the  C.ates  tvpe  still  holds  the  field  for  hi.i; 
work,  hut  tht>  liitjelow  breaker,  of  the  Klakc  tvpe  l.ut  with  the  pit- 
man workin.u  in  eomjiression  and  having  its  weiijht  assistin.i,'  tlu- 
crusliini;  stroke,  appears  to  he  rei)lacint;  the  other  kinds  at  F\ali,'oor- 
he.  and  to  show  a  lower  runnin.t:  cost  than  citlier  the  -vratorv  or 
the  older  ri'ciprocatinj;  patterns. 

Stamps  of  1. .-)!)()  111.  wei,t,dit  are  now  in  use  ,,n  the  Rand,  and 
it  looks  as  if  the  limit  of  wei,<,dit  had  not  \  et  heen  reached.  But 
little  has  hem  heard  this  year  of  anvil  Iilocks  lor  tnortars.  altliou.L'h 
at  tlie   Waihi  (irand  Junction  ihey  seem  to  have  made  for  a  con- 


MIS 


AV-.VAAy  (  WW/DI-:  /'AM(   //(  /■: 


M.lrraM.-  innvaM'  in  nutpiit  hcvmi.!  tliat  orii^inallv  rxprrtr,!. 
Ju.i,-in-  \,y  .nit-put  ]<vv  lH.rso-,„nv,T.  l.all-iiii.ls  unuli]  apju-ar  to 
I'l'  tlic  most  I'rimcui  iiiachiiic,  uuh  an  otitjuit  ol  (.\-rr  two  tons 
piT  Irp.  ,iav  ..11  ihr  iH'st  tvpcs.  .  rushniL;  all  tlir  ..,-,■  tlin,UKli  27 
nu'sh.  l,ut  the  >..st  of  .Irv-.TUslnn-  at  thr  Soiitli  Kal-u.li  appears 
to  ],v  aliout  tlnxr  shillin-s  per  ton  as  a-ainst  roir^'lih-  Is  |l,i.  ;,er 
ton  rrushini,'  w,t  at  the  ( )n.va-Hro\vnli.ll,  l.akc  \-i\w.  and  Ivaniior. 
On  tlu'  other  han.l  the  latter  erush  throu-j,  v.^-v  inu.li  eoarser 
screen. n-  iKI,  17,  an.]  l.",  ni.  sh.  resp,.,-,, vely  ^  re.luun,.;  the  over- 
size(|  proihi.t    1,\-  iheir  pans  and  tulie-mills. 

l-nu-   (.nudnu:.      The    tende.iev    has    l.^vn    to    use    .lamps    tor 
rou-h  erushin.L,'  only,  that  i^.  to  M.hstuute  eoarser  sereens  tor  those 
lormerly  m  u^e.  an.]  tn-m  the  pulp  to  .,.,,.  rate  the  c'oarse  pn.luet 
an.l  to  .^rin.l  it  m  tuhe-imlls  or  pans.      There-  haxc  heen  no  notahle 
•  ontnl.utions  to  ,,ur  knov,  le.l-e  this  y^-ar  as  to  wlneh  is  the  hest 
appliance  for  this  purp.^se.      Tul.e-imlls  seem   to  !„■  -enerallv  em- 
plove.i.  except  at   Kal-oorlie.  where  I  he  n.aMe.  1  ore  can  he  etfieientlv 
ground    to  the   reipure.l    luieness   m  ],ans.      .\.„   ,l,at    pans  are  not 
effective  .,n   raw  ore       On   the  coi,trar\-,    the   Ivanhoe   results  show 
verv  -oo,l   work   imlee.l.   and   it    is   ;,,  1„-  m,uh   ix-retted   that    the 
comparative    tests    ma.Ie    at    that    mine    hetween    j.ans   and    tul.e- 
mills  were  carried  out  m  such  a  wa\-  as  to  make  the  results  worse 
than  useless.      Hut  it  is  a  matter  for  -erious  thou-ht  that  the  Ivan- 
hoe costs  for  re-.-nndin-  sand  sh.ould  he  onh-  std.  prr  ton  treate.I 
when    the    Orova-Hrownhill.    Lake    View,    and    other    mills    should 
>how  a  h-ure  twiee  as  hi,uh.      It   cannot    well  l,e  a   matter  of  pans 
onlv.  or  we  sh.iuld  have  heard  of  similar  l<,w  result,,  from  tile  other 
comi.anies   exclusively   emplovm-    pans    lat    the    Oroya    and    Lake 
\iew   pans   are   used    m    cnjunetion    with    tuhe-millsi.      Is   it    that 
the  Ivanhoe  otv  is  s,,fter  or  that  the  linal  product  is  not  slimed  as 
«ne.'      The  mana.^enient    has  ivcntlv  heiii   ver\-  k.en  on  re.lucin.i,' 
the  value  in  their  residue      and  ha\e  s„o  cede,!  in  doin.i,'  so  matiri- 
allv      and    one    would    therefore   expect    that    they   would  not     over- 
look  the  Kain   from   erushini,'  as   tine  as   their  nei-hl.ors.      It    is  to 
!.e  assumed,    iheretore.    that    the  erushm-  is  as   hue.    hut   the   fact 
remains  that  the  cost  of  ,-rindim;  sand  at  the  Ivanhoe  is  less  than 
hall  that  of  neii^dihorin.L;  companies  of  the-  same  ,t;n.up  that  emp.Iov 
wet  crushin-.      There  is  an  ohvious  need  of  thai  careful  compara- 
tive test   I.etween  pans  and  tuht-mills  h,r  which    I    have   .so    often 
■"'"'"■■'    •''■'"'     "''''^  i'     i     ii'cci     uouid     in     undertaken     1,'V     Klu^;    or 


/'/\(v;a7-,sn  /.v  (  v.iA7/^r/7i'.\   priaxi;  looti 


!!»',» 


iJrnnv.      IiKiiTiJ.  it   \va^  uii'lciNt 1    lliat    the    latUT    was    making 


:h  tests,  hut  nothii 


st'i'Tiis  tu  Iiavc  (lime  of  tiifiii. 


Meanwhile  I  atii  informal  that  surh  a  t<st  has  hrcn  made 
at  Brnken  Hill  with  a  pan,  a  wet  .^fi.ic lint;  hall-tiiill.  a  di- '■-j,'riii(ler, 
'  ami  a  tulie-iiiill.  and  that  the  lulie  has  prn\eil  itself  !  he  liest  of  liie 
lot.  hut  in  the  ahsenee  of  details,  we  can  only  take  this  stateiMeiit 
as  the  exiiression  of  indi\-idua!  ojimion.  l-^xcn  if  we  assume 
tuhe-iniils  lo  he  the  hest  slime-makeis  there  is  still  the  questio.i  c.f 
staj,'e-^rindinL,',  and  it  is  hy  no  means  eertain  that  the  preliniinar\- 
irusliinj,'  ot  the  loarser  partieies  i  ould  not  he  elTet'ted  more  eeonoin- 
ieally  HI  pans. 

The  hest  I'an  tiijures  ha\-e  heen  L,M\-en  aho\e.  The  f(i|lowin,i,' 
tuhe-mill  data  will  pro\  e  of  interest,  Afriean  eosts  have  heen 
redueed  from  .S_hl,  Ipi'r  ton  L^M-oMlld'  dowtl  to  .")iih,  (if  whiell  l,S!»d. 
is  for  pow(-r,  (),7d,  for  pehhles,  and  0  '.I.'mI,  t'or  liners,  Mr,  Henrv 
Le'ipold  states  that  silex  liniiiL;-  .-ire  half  the  cost  and  last  two  and 
a  halt  times  as  Ioti.l;  as  iron  liner-  The  ('on.>olidate(i  (lold  I-'ields, 
tnade  earetui  tests  on  manijanese  sticl  liners  as  a,i,'ainst  silex 
with  the  result  that  the  former  were  shown  to  he  iiior/  expensive 
and  the  ,L;rindin,L;  nothinj,;  like  as  tjood,  owini,'  to  I  lu:  slippinj,'  of 
the  jiehhles  caused  hy  the  polished  surface  of  the  man<,'anese 
steel.  At  l-;i  Oro.  a  2l)-ft.  mill  with  7\  tons  of  pehhles  j^'rinds 
I-'.")  tons  ptr  day  of  sand  for  tio  h.p,  to  sueh  a  tintiiess  that  DO'; 
will  pass  KlO-inesh  and  .")()',  a  L'DO-mesh  screen.  At  Waihi,  an 
h^-ft,  null  ,<,'rinils  77  tons  of  L'O-mesh  sand  \>rr  dav.  so  that  (tH'f, 
will  [lass  l.")()-mesh,  for  liTk  h,p.  The  Waihi  is  notorious  for  the 
hardness  of  its  ore.  which  hall  mills  failed  to  tjrind  ,;atisfaetorilv. 
Their  tuhe-mills  do  not  ajjpear  to  he  run  to  their  utmost  c  apacitv, 
hut  their  fiLjures  are  interestiuL,'  as  an  example  in  ]iraitiee  of  direct 
tuho mill  work,  that  is.  without  an\-  rt'turn  of  material  treated. 
The  ahove  tiijures,  <,if  over  two  tons  slii-ied  ]wr  horse-power,  at  first 
si,i:;ht  show  a  less  duty  than  that  mentioned  h\-  me  a  year  ago. 
of  four  tons  per  horse'])ower  in  Africa,  hut  it  must  he  reincinhered 
that  the  African  crushiiit,'  was  much  coarser.  the\-  havinj,'  at  that 
time  a<loj)ted  a  standard  of  un<ler  two  percent  retained  on  (iO-mosh. 

Hut  apart  from  the  ((uestion  of  comjiaratixe  cost  of  work  done, 
tuhe-mills  have  shown  their  distinct  economical  ailvantaije  as  well 
as  their  capacity  for  re-t;rindinv;,  Refen  nee  was  made  last  vear 
tc,  t;-,i  iiugc  aviiiui'MKii  iiei  pioiiL  oi  ,/_, t )."> , i ii ii i  jiei  \ear  accruini,; 
to    the    I':i    Oro  ('omi)any  from  tliis  source.      At  Waihi   three  IS-ft. 


200 


/</■(  l-X/    (   r.  I. \ //;/..    /'AM 


'AM(  //(  /•;. 


t"'-mlls  :,n,l  l.(i  >,an,ps  iKnv  in..n..s,.,l  ,h.  ,„„,,„  ^,„,„  ..,.,  ,„„^ 

""r"'-':    ''>:    ^"''        -'"l-v    hav,.    „„p,.„v,„,    .„..    ..„a.U,        , 

""■-^  "'"'  ^"^"  ''-'  --  tlu.  a,l,,,„„„  ,„  ,„h.-„„lN  ,lu.  .I.ne 
-  "''-■I-n-abI.-an,l,lu.,n,M--,,n.s.,har,..s,ak,.I,.., „„.,,,,, 
7'^''''7'-7''-^'---'Pns....an„,,u.,!,.aMvnh:;n-,  ,,,r. 
'"""■  "■•'"  '"■""■-  •'•'>•■  --  '^-■•■v  lnnn.s,  ,„a,l,.  „n  „,:  "  " 
"■'■"";":'''""^'^"'"'"--"'""-suIt,„a,n.a,  >av,„,  „f  '„., 
""■^  "",""'""■'"■'  ^"'-      ""••-"■M„nn,.   ,s.,a„.,l,:iaM    f., 

r'  '     "\ '"■"  ''^'>"      ^''-     "     '•    li--vv   .nak.s  a   „va,    ,„.„,.    ,.f 

-■n,i„s     „„,,.  as  n,u.,,  asp, ..n,l,..s,,  as  ,,,,.,:,,,,,,.,,, 

!-''''l^-.an,il,as,„,„H.u.l!„s,l„n,-s,.M.,Uvtth,saN,. 

.,.Ioha„n.slnn-,AIr.\V,    R    I -„.!,„,  .„,,,,,,.„,„  „,.,    ,,,,,,,^,,^. 

'"    '''''''''''''''■''■-l-'-a....n,„,h.sa„.i,.,l...,v-,n,,,„,,   „•.,„,   ,1,;. 
slniir  ui   tilt'   mi  I-,,„l,,    aii.l   {,„■  I-,., .,,;„,.  ,i,  ■ 

•MS    7"'    ''"'""  ''''^"'''"'       "^-'— 't    ,h,.   R„l,„,.,„ 

„V'        ,  "■'     '""■""   ■"'"''"•■    ""'■'"^'■'-^     iL'.l.iwt,,    „„u    after 

7''"  ''•'7'"^'':7'"^  ■'-'•-'•'  an  „..n.as.,N^ 

t-    n.r,n„„,h.      ll-H.ks,..,n„,„H.    ,„a,M,t,.,„,.,„,;,n..r.as.,i 

"•tP»t    '--"H.n,   „..,„   „„.   u,lH.-„„Iis.    slKUv  an   a.l,Ii„„nal   ,,n„it 

;"    "-'.""'-tols.  O,l.,.rto„,,s,at     the  Rola„s.,n,    1.    ^,i    a,   the 

-m.,nn  r.suln„.  rn,„,  ,lH.  „,,  n.as..,l  .x,,aetiun,  whieh  has  K.s..,u.,l 
'■"''"-'"  !'^"  '■^■^■''-    ''>•    ^''-t     half  a  pennvwe„h,       There 

n.n..u.,stul,e-,n„,satu„,.k„nth,.    Ra„,l     and  tnor.  „„  „r.ier- 
;     -«^..en.„t„„nes.an.l,hese5St„,..sat,he.4n„n.^^ 
n^r    .s.,1  tlu.  amalua„,at>,.n  returns  .,f  the  whole  .,f    ,1,..  Ra„,i  l,v 
tnrei'    [HI'   i-eiit. 

At  present  the  Kni.hfs  Deep  appears  to  have  the  h„hest 
'""""'■>■  '-'put  per  stamp  for  eompU,..  ,,,,UTV  -  of  7  ,iS  tons 
per  stamp,  s.n.e  reduee,!  hy  the  ..l,st,t ut.on  of  different  screening 
tj;  ...N  tons.  In  \\,,tern  Austraha  the  ( )rova-Hn,wnlnll  eruslus 
'  .  '.ns  per  stamp  through  a  U.-nush  sereen.  and  the  (ireat  FtnKall 
.  ..nih,  s,an,ps.  exh,l„tsan  average  duty  of  seven  tons  per 
-4  hours  through  a  H^  ntesh  serwn,  and  the  Sons  of  (iwalu  at 
j-nora  ,.,.,,0  1,,.  statt^ps,  treats  ,i,,ls  ,„ns  per  hea.i  per  dav 
throu.-h    ■_',t-niesh    sereenin.s.;. 

It  is  estimated  that,  in  ad.iition  to  th,.  aain-  ;i!re:..!v  ,„..„-;,,,,^.! 
as  resulting;  in  Afriea  from  the  use  of 


tulie-mills.  there  i-.- 


a  sa\mt; 


J'Kih;r!-:.^\  !\  ( wwiDA  rii)\  pi-r/x 


li    1  !»(,)(>. 


.'01 


of  :',[)'■  ,   ill  criuijuiK  lit  ,iri>iiiL;  frnm  the  ailojiiion  nf  tln-ni  in  pi 


place  of 
ir  iiurcMseil  niunber 


\'  aiiials/aination 


I' 
(/litaimiiL;  the  sairic  nitput  ]>y  the  addition  nf  t! 
of  stani[N  lui  t'S'-a'-x- 
.l'/; //i' (/);.///.';;.  'r:,c  increase. 1  extraction  h 
rcMtltm-^  from  tlie  use  i.f  tulie-niills.  has  \,vvn  referred  to  already. 
At  Wailn.  amalgamation  is  earrie(l  (,iit  (<n  jijates  set  in  a  large 
liuildin-  apart  fr^m  the  niil!,-,aud  aii-l  slime  I,ein,i;  treated  sep- 
arately. There  is  much  to  1„.  said  for  this  arrangement,  Coni[)anies 
circulatinLT  evanide  solutions  tlinni-h  the  mill  llnd  a  scouring 
of  their  ...pprr  plates  l.y  the  cyanide  SMJutiims.  Dennv,  at  tht 
Meyer  \  ('liarlt<iii,  pro|.,,std  to  minimize  this  aetion  if  possible 
by  ad..ptin,-  >hort<'r  jdates.  bm  pmbablv  the  In'Mer  method  would 
be  to  exeludf  eoppcr  plates  from  the  amah^'amation  ajiparatus. 
At  the  Lake  \'ie\v  I  Kal'^n)orlie-,  for  instance,  ].lates  are  discarded 
and  amal-amaii.in  takes  plaee  in  i^ans;  in  that  mill  .")!', '  (,f  the 
value  of  the  eonceiitrate  is  rei'ovcred  by  amalgamation  and  AO^}, 
by   subscpii'iit    eyanidation. 

A','j>//;;t.c  Thomas  l-^b.ards  has  increased  the  capacity 
of  his  nvcnt  furnaces  by  a  parallel  svsteni  of  rabbles,  wliieh  is 
stat.d  to  promote  int.r-rabb'in-.  (',.  C.  Klu-  has  adojUed  this 
lor  the  Hoh  loff-Wc  they  furna.es  at  the  Perseverance,  and  claims 
liiRh  results.  Mcrton  has  also  modified  his  furnaec  bv  making  it 
a  five-hearth  roastrr,  and  als.i  of  greater  hearth-area.  The-  great 
Houlder  Proprietary  has  a  masting  cost  of  2s.  :!d.  prrtiiii  (emi. loving 
^lerton  lurnaces*  rediuiii!.,'  an  ore  i..'oing  A  to  .">' ,  suljihur  down 
to  fl()7',  sulphur,  as  sulphide;  with  this  I'xcc'ption  the  record  of 
the  Soutli  Kali;urli  t}pe  of  Mrrton  furnaces  d.ics  not  yet  appear 
to  ha\e  been  impi-o\-rd  ,,n,  ,'it]ier  for  cost  (L's  (id.  j.er  ton  roasted), 
output  i:{2  tons  ,».,•  diem  for  sniall-sizi-  furnace,  taking  IJ  h.p.), 
or  ethei.'ncy    i:;.l',    sulj.hur  down   to  O.op,    sulphur  as  sulphide; 

one  ton  of  green  w 1  roasting    11   tons  of  orec      With  regard  to 

the  suggestion  that  I  made  in  this  review  a  \ear  ago  of  adding, 
sav.  two  pounds  of  lead  acetate  per  agitator  charge  i-lO  to  tiO  tons) 
ot  roaste.l  ore.  Ricliard  Hamilton  <.f  the  (;reat  J^)ulder  finds 
that  the  use  ot  lead  salts  apjiears  tt)  result  in  an  increased  ron- 
sumption  of  zinc  in  the  precipitation  boxes,  as  against  which 
lie  benetits  l,v  a  saving  of  ro.asting  iuvl.  an  increased  tonnage 
through  till'  mill  for  the  same  labor,  a  re.luclion  in  the  value  of  the 


'Siuilh  A; I 


t''in  Min,-s,  Oitiitpt-r  J".  HMH 


L'(»_' 


KhA  i:\r  ()-.\\ //)/■:  /'/,■  \(  //(/,■ 


U'M.lur.  ;ui.l  aLi.rnril  fc  rim- ,  f  c  nnh.Kn.  .■  in  1  Ik  al.ilit  v  to  >ct  fnul 
roa-ls  ai;  ii-l,t  ,|ui.  kl\  in  ^,  it,.  ,,t  ll,„  lual  lo,,,  ,„  naUira:  draft 
'  ■""•■""■'"'""  Til.';  a;.|,..a,x  m  1„,  „..  u,-,,,,  .-..ivancv  ma.ir 
tins  y,  ar  m  thr  rn,u  v„t  rail,  .n  of  .,,1,1  .„■...  Tl,.'  ,liriirultv  rnnaiiis 
'''■'•  ''"  ^""■"il''  I"  ,,.ii<rmral,'  ,„it  ivfi-art,,rv  ,,ani,K>  fnmi  an 
"iv  u<nall\-  l,>a\,'.  a  tailni-  pra,1uall\  a>  ivfra,t,.rv  a-~  the  ,,nL;,nal 
ort\ 

''    "■■'-"    l"'I''''l    'liat    (mr   vlnnin,-   an,l    tlir    W.Hlcv   slinir-tahle 

nuylit   ,:^vvr..mr   tlij.  .liihrnhv.   l.ut   the  lait.r  tnarliinc  is  l.v   no 

means  p.-ri.-.t   an.l   niauurnan.,'  is  a   ni,.st    f,irnii,laMf  itrm.'    S,, 

tar  tlu'  ,,M  wmxas  tal.l.s  ,,r  franus  appear  t,,  ,^ivr  tlu'  hcst  results. 

l,ut   the  ,,..t   ot    wasliin-   ,l,,u-n   is   very   hraw  m.lrr.l      anvumtinj; 

111   crrtain   rases   t,.  .'iOs.   ,,r    Ids    jur  ton  ,.f  ,,.neentrate  i,r,„luoe<l. 

A  .,,ntnm,,ns  rouL^h  ruM.er  ,,r  canvas  l,c-lt   taMe.  s,,me\vlia.  on  the 

l.uhni;   ,,r    Buss   svstem.    nii,L,'lit    s,,lve   the   .hrtuuhv,    th,uiKh    tiie 

eaj.aeity  jm  r  unit  u,.ul,l  nenssarily  l,e  small:  (.r  the  ,,1,1  treatmc-nt 

taMe  i,,ul,l  ha\e  a  traxelm-  s\steni  ,.f  uashm-  pipes  u,,rke,l  l,y  a 

water  lialaiKc.  an,l  thus  a\,,i,l  the  expense  ,,f  so  mueh  Ii,iy-lal.or. 

Ihe  ll,itaiion  [.n,,  esses  are  liein-  inainlv  aj.plie,!  t,.  zinc-lea,l 

roneentrat,'    at    H-oken    Hill,    rather  than    •;ol,l    ,,res,      De  Havav 

an,l  Sinips,,n  ai)i)ear  to  lia\e  ma,le  an  interesting  iliseoverv  as  to 

the  prineiples  involve,!  in   the  various  llotation   pr,„esses.   which 

they    claim    .lepcn,l    on    the    surface  tension  of  sulphides  as  c,)n- 

traste.l  with  the  Kan.L^ue,  the  creasy  sulphi,ies  when  wettci  retaining 

an   envel,.pe  of  air  that    is   expan,le,l   l.y   heat,   or  hv  vacuum,   or 

aidcl  l,y  the  air  entan-le.i  in  ,,il.  or  gelatinous  silica, Or  l,v  flowing 

the   mineral    jiulp   m    very    thin    layers     praeticallv   all    surface— 

civer   inilini',1    tahles. 

Treatment  oj  Pif/u  iilt  (hrs.-  C-upriferous  tailing'  with  a  copper 
content  not  exccciinK  H  -V  ,  is  now  sueccsslully  treate.i  hv  leaching 
out  the  coi)per  with  ,lilute  sulphuric  acid  an,l  precipitating  on 
scraj.  iron,  as  descrihci  l,y  \V.  S.  Brown. t  With  ores  containing 
more  copper  l,ut  not  rich  enou-h  to  smelt  a  i.reliminary  roasting 
ot  the  ore  lias  l.een  f,iun,i  t,)  improve  matters.  The  addition  of 
ammonia  t,)  the  tvani.le  solution  has  l.een  previously  suggested 
and  carried  out  in  practice 

Auriterfuis     antimonial    concentrate,      containing    say    20', 
antimony  and  arsenic,   has    heen    successfully  treated  l.v  an  ordi- 


^I'r.'.ecdings  Insli!ut..,n  .,f  Mining  &  Mit;iriur«y,  HlOr.. 


/'AV)^/^7•.^>  /A    (  )A.\/n.\  n,>.\  Dl  l<l\i,  \ 


MMi 


L'lM 


mi  J  t' 


at 
ia\e  yicMed 
I   ri'i|uiriiiL;  \cr\-   carp- 


narv  can  ful  n.ast  of  the  .mv  prcvinu^lv  niixcl  with  In. 
c-hanoal  ,„•  ,  .,al.  Im!I,,u  v.l  l,v  a  hm  a.,.l  wa.h  of  ,l,Iuf  hvlro- 
<hlom-  an.l  M.KiainaMc  Lv  rxp.,-,,,,.^  ,,M  ,h!,,nnr  s.-lutiuns  to 
.hriTt  snnliLjlit'.  an,l  then  l.xu  latm-  with  ,  vani^lr  or  ,  lilonne  A 
variati.,n  .u, ,  cs.tnll  v  .inplovr.l  i.  ton.a>t  as  ahovr.  a,M  salts 
the  rn,l  ot  thr  roast,  ati.l  .hloruialc  l5oth,  im  th 
nil'  ,  rxtrai  tions.  l.ut  ha\r  the  .Iraw  ha. 
ml    roast  111 L,'. 

>//->;<■  Inatuic,:!  Thr  hrothr;-.  iKnny  has.'  ina.lf  somrthintj 
ol  a  srnsation  at  jol,ann,sI,„r^  l.v  t  he  ni,t  ho.ls  thrv  liaNT  applir.l 
at  Ilinr  luw  plants.  I„  th,M'  tlu^y  have  a,l.,plr,i  thr  \\\m  Austra- 
lian ni,tho,l  ,,f  cinulatin-  .lilutc  rvani.lr  M.lutions  throurr],  tlu' 
null  an.l  tiltc'r-prrssin-  tlinr  sliinr  in  I),hnc  hv.lraiilic-rlos,  ruitcr- 
l"v.srs.  Thry  ,  jaiin  a  nvoxrry  of  osvr  <M' ;  at  a  treatment 
rost.  m.lu.lniL;  >vani.l...  hlt.r  prrssm^:,  an.l  -lisposal  of  resi.luc 
'•■"'  '•  "'  '"  '"''■  I'^''"  >"»  As  this  .arrvuiK  into  j.ractirc  of  their 
I>ropose,l  treatment  srhenie  was  not  effeete.l  without  manv  proph- 
oeies  ot  failure,  an.l  as  the  ...st  of  the  in.stallati..n  necessary 
appears  to  I,,,  less  than  half  that  <,f  the  nieth.,.1  of  treatment 
I'Hally  m  v.n^uv.  it  is  natural  that  their  work  shouM  have  receivc.l 
much  attmtion,  ,-„!  as  their  ti-uivs  ,1.,  not  s.^em  t.)  I,..  seri..uslv 
conteste.l.  the  D.'nny  l,r.,th.Ts  ..■rlainly  l,,.,k  like  scrniK  heavilv 
ai,'ain  as  th.'  result  .,f  th.^ir  enterprise  an.l  toresi,i,'ht.  just  as  thev  did 
Iir.vK.usIv  i,v  the  intr.„luc!i..n  on  tlu'  Kan.i  of  tuhe-mills. 

Hut  p.rhaps  th,.  tw.,  -reatest  su.ress.s  in  slime  treatment— 
as  heuiK  a  real  a.lvance  .,n  c.;tablishe.i  filt.'r-pres.s  pra.ticc- are 
tin-  res[.e.tiv  nu'tho.ls  evolve.]  i,v  Ri,l,L,^wav  at  tlie  BouMer  an.l 
l.v  Harry  at  Waihi.  Anyon..  rea.lnii,^  .Mr  K.  Cilnian  Brown's 
article-  <m  the  M...,r..  hlter,  must  have  n.,tice<l  the  verv  sloppy, 
ba.lly  arran-e.l  frames  shown  in  the  illustrali,,ns.  We  can  under- 
stan.l,  perhaps,  from  the.se  illustrati.ms.  one  of  the  reasons  for  the 
small  success  atten.lm-  the  M(,ore  filter  in  America.  At  Waihi 
Barry  has  a  frame"  which  is  much  more  etle-tive  than  that  shown 
in  the  .!escnpti..n  referred  to  above,  and  he  has  successfullv  treated 
many  thousan.is  of  tons  by  his  method  of  open-framed  atmos- 
pheric filtration;  but  the  drawback  to  this  -as  to  the  Moore  bas- 
ket-hlter— IS  the  necessity  of  havinj,^  men  constantly  in  attendance 
to  clean  the  frames. 


•.Ml.siNu  AND  SriR.NT.Fir  Pres'..  Scptcni'.pi- .S,  [<h»\. 
''The  Mming  Journal.  Scptemljer  .'iO.  190(j. 


di- 


.'(M 


A7'(7'.,\'7    '   \-  1  \ //'/■:   I'K  \(   1 1(  I: 


.-^ 


Cliaiiis  Hutt(V^  sci'Ills  to  lia\c'  luni  alisr  tu  tlic  ilrtn  is  of 
llu  Ml  Hire  iVaiiic,  aii'l  has  '^mI  ( ml  i>nr  I  hat  la  ajiptars  ti  i  lie  working; 
wit  li  c  (]ii-,iil(ralilc  sill  I  OS  at  V'uLiiiiia  Cil  \-.  as  i|mi  s  aNi  >  !■"  I,  I<i'si|iu 
at  'I'l  iiiiipali.  Kuttrfs.  liii\\i\ir.  lias  apparmt  1\  allii'l  hiiiisclf 
to  tile  ('as-.(l  riir|ii--(i|  t\|ir  1 1|"  prtss,  \\liiili  liiiiks  sinnlar  In  that 
vilrrn  i|  In  in  a  |iri\iiiiis  paprr  as  luiii'^'  i  \]m  niiu  iili  il  with  at 
J I  ihaiiiu  sliui',;  hiisik  i  rsstulK 

'I'hr  KiilL;\\a\  inai  hiiir  hias  iinw  ln-rti  in  use  ti>r  a  \Tai'  at 
thi-  'ircat  I^)ulilrr.  anil  has  trralnl  smiif  1  himsaiuls  nt  tmis  nf 
slinir  i|iiitr  aiitiiiiiat  ii  ally  aiiil  withmit  any  1 1  uitiniinus  supi  r\  isii  m, 
atiii  Ilaniilliin,  w  hn  has  hmi  trstin,:^'  it  alnn'_;siilr  his  liltcr-prrss 
itislallatii  111.  i^  s<  i  satisin  il  with  ihr  ri'sulls  that  lir  is  la\  iiiu;  iluwn  a 
plant  tu  treat  .")llll  tuns  pi  r  i  lay  the  lav^cst  slinir  jilaiit  m  tin-  snut  li- 
crn  iK'niisphriT.  Thr  pniiriplr  nl'  tin-  ma,  liinc  is  a  miniln  r  nf 
liiiri/.iintal  plali-s  rr\i  ihini,'  rnuinl  a  i-mtral  vrrtiral  pnst,  whirli  is 
rrally  a  tiilir.  anil  tn  whirli  pipfs  intiinnmiratinL;  with  rarli  jilate 
arc  attachcil.  I^arh  jilatc  has  an  iiiiiiir  hlti  rini;-  snrlaci.',  atnl 
thniai.;!!  a  pnrtinn  nl'  its  rr\i  ijutii  in  it  ilip-  intn  the  slinu'-jiuli). 
A  caki.'  is  I'lirninl  liy  the  appliratii'ii  nf  a  va^  mini,  aiiil  thr  jilatf  ill 
the  ciiiirsc  i.t'  its  jniiriu)-  arminil  its  axis  tiniN  itscli'  next  in  a  wattT 
tiatli.  wiirrc  it  rriiiains  suTtn  imtK'  Imi'^'  t'nr  thiiniu^h  washiiii,'. 
Till'  rakr  Is  tlirn  ilislml'^ril  aut i >niat iral  1  y  intu  tlu'  rcsiilni'  drpnsit 
system  This  niai  hinr  is  rrrtainh-  rlu-aiiir  than  thr  hlter-prrsscs. 
Iml  h  in  tirst  (list  ami  in  uperat  i'  'ii,  and  an  eipiipnuiU  tn  iln  ilu'  ihit  \' 
n|  an  Alriian  ilceantatinii  p,ant  sliniiM  nnt  nnl\-  xifhl  IiIljIut 
ri'inxcries  at  a  Inwa-r  wnrkitiL;'  rnsi ,  hut  shnuM  lie  inst.ilk'il  tnr  less 
than  halt'  the  expense  n|'  the  exist  in  ^  s\steni. 

(  )t'  the  nther  niethmls  ret'erreil  tn  last  _\ear  Iml  little  has  lu-eii 
hearil.  ('.  W.  Merrill  ajipears  tn  ln'  still  at  \vnrk  nn  his  lu'ilraulic 
cniptyiiiL;  tilter-jiress.  l.ul  iletails  nt'  s\u  eessuil  wnrk  haxa-  imt  x'et 
reaeheil  me.  Philip  Ar'_;all  has  a  tixeil  frame  ami  iiin\al)le  tank, 
but  ajipears  inn  busy  at  C"rip]ile  ("reek  tn  he  alile  tn  i.;i\e  mileh 
attentinii  to  his  slinie-tilter  I'nr  the  present. 

In  Western  Australia  oiii'  nf  the  i^'roups  had  a  metliml  nf 
iij)\varil  pt'renlatinn  nf  the  snhuinns  tlirni.ii,'h  tlu'  slitm-piilp  iluriiit,' 
a.u'itatioii.  Itut  this  iiuihn.l  ilns  not  apj-iar  tn  haw  licen  atteinled 
\\ith  an\'  '^reat  sueeess.  fieiieralK'  s]ieakinur.  it  Innks  as  if  smiio 
ilireet  niethnil  nf  aiitnmatie  almnspheric  tiltratinn  wnuM  displace 
fmtli  deeantation  and  Dehiie  tilter-pressint:.  althoiiL'h  at  the  outset 
it  will  proIiaIil\'  rei|nire  a  hiL;her  di.\L,'ret'  nf  intellij^'enee  for  its  etYoc- 
ti\'e   and   sui'eessful    workim/. 


/■AVV,7v7'.ss   /A    rr  l.\//M//()\- /y/A7,\V,    \'M)i\        .>(),-> 

A'r  ti,;itiih  III  ,./  lailii,.^  \,,i  miu  h  li.is  Ik  cii  sai^l  of  the  Stark 
l'r.i.,-.s  rluriiiL;  the  vcar  It  s.ci.i^  t..  Iia\,-  Im.u  i,,M,t  i.n.tital.ly 
applicl  tM  tiir  Cn.uri  RrrI  .lump  1,  n  il.at  tlinv  is  aiiv  s,,,,  ial 
cliarartcnsti.'  Iraturr  of  this  ,lii:ii]i  that  inakis  it  suiial.lr  tor  t  ho 
Stark  prui  CSS' 

Mn.itii,  Ci.iniJr.  A  r.tVn  nrc  \,,  a  t,st  hv  liuitrrs,  ,,ri  ivl 
'>••'""■'■.  nf  a  mrrru:-v  salt  a.l:i..l  t.,  the  ,\aiii>lr'  s,,K,ii.,„,  avails 
thr  invcsti-aliMn  iiia.lc  l.\-  the  Ca-srl  ii,ini.ati\-  ithc  unn.-i-s  ,,f  the 
<.i\iii'lr  patrntsi  in  IMC,  i„t.,  thr  use  ,,|  liu.  >alt.  Th.  \-  d.taiifMl 
iiupo.vf.l  .-('suits.  ,„,  snnir  .,,vs.  ,,f  i)!',  -,-..al.T  .xlra.tit.n  ..f  tho 
«"M  and  :;'  ,  ■4,vatrrr\trartiMii  nt'  thrsihrr,  with  a  hiuvr  ,  nn,„„i[,. 
tl'.Il  nt  ,  yani.lc.  Imt  the  trsts  UTI-r  n..t  runtinui.h  as  the  illip.-,,\T,l 
cxtracliuns  sitiiknI  in-md,  i,'iii  ly  cnmu.-a-in,-  in  \-ir\v  .,('  the  aM.li- 
liniial  cxpciiM'  ,,f  ,!„■  a-M,-,l  salt;  hut  Huttc-rs'  trsis  have  ivncucl 
intcr.-t  in.  the  -^tihjr.  t.    iti.l  w  r  hop,,  fur  fuller  .lata. 

(  •<sls.  TulH-millin-.  tine  yriiidiii",  inillin'^'.  and  rnastini,' 
rc.sts  have  heen  -iveil  al.nve.  The  |.,lluwin-  talmlated  statement 
<>t  W.St  Australiar  en-,ts  will  show  t  ii.'  progress  still  In^m-  made 
m  that  re-i.in  l.y  e-.inparisun  with  those  in  iirecclini,'  papers,  as 
well  with  thos,'  chtainin^  elsewhere: 


A'l'.  ,(-/)Viavn/i;. 
Mill. 
I.ake  \-u.w 

h.lllll'.r    , 

S'nilli  K.il-urli  ii|i-\ 

I.akr  Vuw 

IvanliM,. 

Smith  Kal.Liurli  (ilr\  ' 

Coiifiilriiinii;. 

I.akr  V,r»- 


1\  luc. 
.  171 
.  I  s? 
.    .i.S'J 


Is.  <),1. 
Is.  <(,!. 
-'-.li.I. 


I\',inlicie 


''■-■   "I.  juT  ton  <  ..11,  rntratcd 

lid.  pi  r  1..I1  mille.l 

■'^^-  "d.  per  t..n  e.mceiitratcMl 

ll'd.  I'er  t..n  milled 

Ivlmh!^''" ^;    '^;'    '"■■■'""  '■""''':''  I >■""'■>;•" tratu  only) 

Sinitli  Kal.L;iirli _>>.     II. I 

(Ireal   H.nil.ler  I'p'iMii'Iarv      L's.      1.1. 

Fiiir  (,'riihliin;  SiiihL 

I. ale  \'ie\v    


(all  the  lire) 


^<nrdi  Kal<'urli 


N.    in.l.  iHT  I. .11  !'n...n<l 

N.l. 

Is.    :i(l.      ■■ 


206 


Kl-f  /■  \  I    f  )\  \n>l-    I'K  \t  1 1(  /•; 


Cxiitiidnt);  hy  .\t;italiitit. 

I„ikc  Vifw         As    \<\.  iituluili^  |v    |,|.  i,,r  KCv   .in.l    Is.    J,].  (,>r   RrCv) 
'^•'"'i'"'  '''■  111.  ("I'liiili-- IM.  Klv,  Js.  till.  Hrfv,  ;m<l  rovaltv  •.'<!  ) 

N.utli  K.ilv;iirli,ls.  1,1  im,  |ii,l,-..  7,|.   KCv.i 

l'"n.ni  tlir  alniM'  it  .-ipiMaix  ili.ii  il,,-  .I'^it.il  i.  .11  I  rr.it  iik  iit . 
loss  cyaniiii-  aipl  l.n.niM  ,  \  ,,nhl.'  Inil  ii'^  lii'lin-.;  puu  rr.  linir,  hili'ir. 
anil  suinilii's,  tnsts  n)ii,:;lil\-  7'1    ]m  i-  t.iii  -  l\anlpi,.  1;  j  1, 

Cwiuhliiii;  hy  l\  nolalion. 
I  van  hi  If.  ... 
C'lrcat  Fin^rall 

/•"«7/ir-/'r.-.v.?;iij;. 
I.akf  Vifw 
I  van  Inn-  . 
South  Kal^jurli  ... 

Thr  ,(Kt  nf  filter  .  Idtlis  at  the  i..ik,-  \'ii  u-  Cnnsois  has  hrni 
tiii'Kr  ^1  [M  i-fii  piTsse.l  loreviTy  ;nMntli  tlii>  year,  save  oticf  when 
it  \\a^  iiii.l.i-  j(l. 

7'.i/ij/  /  rcuiiu  ill  I'osts. 

I\-anliiu' !K.     (1,1. 

Smit  11   Kal'jtirli    ,  |  | .       :;,| 

(IrL'al    Hi.!il,l,  r  I'r-  '|,nii,ir\  ,                                       W-.      tl,l. 

I'irrat    l"ini;.il!  r,,,  I  I, I. 

■'^""-  "I    ''•>\.ilia    .  ,  .                                    .-,,  _.,!     p,.r  ,.,„    tr,M;,-l. 


'       -I       nil.  In.liiii;   11,1,    |..r     Ki  '\-   .111, 1   Iniir) 
I  I  I'l.      nil,  lii.lin-   (1,1,    |.,r     Ki  V   .in,|   Inn,  1 


I  ,  :■! 

1  •,  li'l.  li,  r  !,in  tiltiT  iiri-"i'l. 


(n-u,-r,]l.  'I'lic  l.attK- ,)1  tlu  iirmrsscsat  KalL;iiiiT-lii' i-;  ii,  iw  ii\  it. 
Il  i-^  adiiiittf.l  iliat  tile  all  roa^t iii'.,'  pmcos  u'ivrs  the  must  |ip:tit- 
ahlr  ixtra.liun.  Imi  ihc  l;<hi,1  ti^lu  ina.lr  hv  lln-  wrt-crushinL,' 
livi.ni,!  I  \-aiiiilr  i.arty.  aii.l  nMtaM\-  liv  tlu-  hanh'jr.  has  hrrn  <.l 
the  i^natcsi  siT\  iic  tu  ihr  iii<]iistry.  aii,l  the  haiih.ir's  rosts  arr  such 
as  to  nllict  '.^Trat  cicht  mi  tlu-  iiianaircincnt  au.l  tlir  stalY;  hut  tlic 
tiiu'  shdwiii-  iiiaiir  !,\-  thr  South  KaJLjuiii.  the  C.rcat  Houldcr. 
the  Kal-urli.  ami  ottirr  rompauirs.  app<  ais  now  to  have  coiuiiu nl 
f\i.'ii  the  loriiur  a,|\,Hatrs  oi  I.romo  i  \ani,K' 


Tl  I'.i;  Mil. I.   IJXIXC, 

ijanuary  .•..  1807) 

The  IMitnr: 

Sir  I  u,,s  x.n-  iiiu.il  uiirr,  m,'.1  hi  M  ;•  I  );iu  kcr's  experiences 
"  •'""'"  '■iilllnuii-sm  KMr,,,,as,|,s,  nlK.lu,  v.,«rissul•of^•(n•l.nl- 
'''■'■"■■""'  'l""i'^'lit  •'l.v,  n,,t,sir,„„,,„r,N|„.nenee..tthr,,a,t  tun 
Vfars.ii   |{,m|i,,  CaliiMnn,.,  iiu-lii  .lM  ,,  ,H„nt  m- tun. 

'''"'    '•iili".i,'-tl<'W    liviii    ;li,-   st.itnp  mill    ,,|    il,r    St.iivl.iPl    Cm 
.Minm-    (■,,,    ,,;,..,.s    ,li,.,,tlv    tlirun.^.h    rlassUuT.       Tl,,     tulu-mill 

■  -us,.,l,,,,v  ,;r,n.ltli,„n.lrrll.,u,,,iT.,arsertnat.rMll,-.„ntlu.,Ia.M- 
(KTs.  uith  win,!,  ,s  als,,  t,.,|  ,lrv  tailnv^-  ti-n,n  lli..  ,,M  ,lun,  ,,,,„,ls 
IIh'  tiil.c  ruill  us,,l  ,.  an  Alli.  Clialnur-,  pattm,.  alM.ut  .'.'  ll.  \n,v^ 
'"'   ''.I'     ''••""  ■  •'■  il!'iM:-al,.|  l,v  the  arr.,ni|,anvi-.^-  i^ii..!.  .-raph. 

'■''"■  '"■--'  I'"'"'-;  >i^<''l  i"  111'  mill  ,n„Msl',-,l  ,,!  .p.vlal  st,rl 
''''"'■'  '''■'"""  "•  ''^'  '-  •"■  ■"■'■^'  I'V  -I,.'  m,  I,  tln.k,  u.tli  a  l,aM.  ,„a.i.. 
-'thai  tli.',ntnvli„in-was,,ii,ii,|,,lt,,|„.,„,,Tlu,kinL;  Tlu-r  platrs 
l''"l  •'  III'  "f  l"ur  '.r  tivr  i.i.mths,  l,„t  a^  ,.  nhru  the  eas.^  uith  east- 
nius  siil,|,rte.l  t,,  -riiulin-  a,  ti,,ii.  .,,nir  n\  them  wuuM  wear  un- 
'venly  an.i  .uvasinnallv  <,>!,■  u,,„l,l  ,ln,,,  ,,ut  n|  phu.'.  Thw  lu-es- 
Mtatr.j  sl,,ppin.,'  the  null  an^l  npla.  ,n.^.  tl„.  I,„,sene.l  plates. 

The  nexi  liiiin-  us,.!  uas  ,n  the  f,.nn  ni  pi„e  M,,,  k>  .  ut  from 
4  I'V  (,  in.  sau.  .1  tnni.er  inm  (i  in.  len,i,Mlis.  trinmie,!  -^li-htlv  we.h'e- 
-liape,!  It.)  all..u  tnr  eiirvatuiv  <,\  shell,,  an,]  ,et  .ai  ,'n.|  T.,  plaee 
a  new  set  of  these  pin,  M,,,  k  U,n'r..  ,n.  lu-lm-  reiii.,val  .,|  .,M  |,|,,eks 
•■"-'1  sh.,velin.4  "in  an.i  ,n  .,f  th..  l,,a,l  ,,f  p,!,.,!,.,.  ,v.|u,re.i  usuallv 
;''"'>"  •!<■•  Iiv.  .The  lul,e  has  ,,nlv  ,,ne  n,aii.h.,le,  tli,^  ,  ,,ver  ,,t  uhieh 
IS  sh.,wn  u,  the  ph.,t.>L;rapli,,  A  set  of  tlu^se  liners  laMe.l  fr.,n,  10 
'lays  t.,  tu,,  weeks.  Asi.le  iV-.m  Its  sh,,rt  life,  this  Imin.,.  ha.l  the 
'lisa.lvania.^re  (l,v  reason,,)  tlu>  ve-etable  .,ils  e.mtame.l ,  ot  inakin- 
a  soapv  mixture  uith  the  alkalies  present  in  the  evani.'e  solution 
u-rushni-  hem-  'Lme  ,n  soluti'.m.  This  sa,M,nili.ation  eause.l  ex- 
fossive  toamin-  m  the  haltcnes  an.l  on  the  plates  of  the  stamp-mill 

itnrafterL'o,n;Mhr.,u-hthezmel,oxest!iesoluti'.n  wasn-stan.iar.l- 
ize.l  an.l  returne.l  t..  the  Lattery  st.,ra,^-e  vaf,  an.l  also  in  tlu'  tuhe- 
niill,  laun.lers.  an.i  vats  in  the  eyani.le  ,,Iant.  After  a  U■^^■  sets 
yt  the.se  pme  liners  ha.l  heen  trie,],  a  similar  set  was  m.-,,),.  out  -a' 
i-ioeKs  ot  mountain  maho-anv,  a  ,]ense.  hani  woo.l  from  the  Sierra 
Xi'varla  mountains.  This  <,rave  a  few  ,lavs  lon,t,'er  life,  an.l  the  saponi- 
neation  was  ileereascd. 


i 


20S 


l<l-:i'l:.\  I    i   )  AXIDI'    /7\.U   //(  /■ 


Xixt  We  irinl  a  iiuart/  liniii'^;  --iniilar  t"  the  our  Mr.  Dnukcr 
ili'Srrilir--.  r\i(]'t  t1iat  tlu'lT  wrrc  un  ^trrl  rails  (■!!  tllr  ilisi'lr  (it  tlir 
slicll.  Tlu'  i|narl/.  ciiiixisti'l  i>t  sclci.tfil  ]iii'ii'S  (if  rlialci'ilnnic 
ATin-stutV,  \-(.'ry  haril  aii'l  t  li  iM-i^rainc'l.  f;-"iii  tlir  mine.  This 
linini,'  \\;i>^  rarcfulK-  put  in  with  iiMnlaiiil  iriiiriit.  aii.l  tiuii  allnwcl 
t'  I  >ct  I'l  '!•  al  luut  lit  (lays.  In  K-ss  than  Iialt"  an  hi  nir  al'ttr  startinL;  n|), 
the  ]Mnin(Hn.L;  ct  thi'  |iclililrs  caiisril  tin-  Inunu  to  ln'rak.  T'lis 
'liasty  tinish'  was.  at  the  tiiuv.  iiui'Utol  i.>  the  (pialitx  "f  thr  ccnicnl 
uscil  and  til  thi'  fart  that  it  was  imt  allnwiil  I(ir.'.,'rr  tn  set.  ^Ir. 
Unkkir's  ( x]n-rirn(.f.  In  iwcxfr,  slmws  tliat  it  \va>  nut  alto'^ithiT 
due  ti)  sucli  caii.si.'s.  W'r  next  trinl  silix  lining;  Imt  while  this  did 
not  take  (|uitr  as  Iimu;  tn  phur  and  fur  its  rtini'nl  tu  set.  a<  did  the 
quartz  liniti;^.  it  did  nut  v^iNc  as  lun'^'  a  life  as  was  expei  ted.  The 
silex  lining,  alMi.  aeted  siniilarl\-  tn  the  first  steel-plate  lint.s 
used,  ,L;i\in.!j;  tniesen  wear,  with  iieeasidiial  dnip]iinL;  mit  nf  Mocks. 

Then,  it  was  deeided  t'l  try  wrmtLrht-ir'in  hars.  s  in.  wide  hv 
1  in.  thiek.  a  (|nantit\'  of  whirh  were  on  hand.  Iia\  ini;-  lieeii  used 
as  enniUi'tin^'  straps  i  ir  ]ilates  at  the  juints  in  t  in-  i  ild  I'urnish  pump 
in  the  Lent  shaft  <if  the  same  eiimp.an\\  It  was  first  su,L;u;i'steil  to 
lieiid  into  eireles  to  lit  the  inner  surfaee  of  the  tulie-niill  shell; 
but  as  we  had  no  niaehine-sho])  rolls,  and  the  !«ndm'4  would  ha\'e 
to  lie  done  Iiy  hand  in  the  Maeksmith  shop,  that  idea  was  ilropped. 
The  hars  wvw  cut  in  I")  and  7-ft.  len'^ths  i  | .")  ft.  lieini;-  the  lon,L;est; 
that  loidd  lie  handled  thriniL,di  tile  ma;  hole  of  tlu'  tuhe-niill) 
Tln'se  \vere  ]iut  in.  altirnatiiiL;  isnas  to  lireak  jointi.  lent,'thwise 
of  the  tuhe.  and  liolted  with  counter  -uiik  holts  that  passed  tlimu.Ljh 
the  shell.  The  nuts  ancl  washers  on  these  l^tjlts  are  shown  li\-  the 
photoijrapli.  The  hultdioles  in  each  strap  are  'stai;,'i;ered  .'  and  it  w  as 
not  necessary  to  spaci'  tlieni  clost'ly,  liecause  of  the  ieni^th  of  the 
pit'ces.  Tlie  liners  wt-re  all  drilled  to  the  same  mcasm-einents; 
and.  in  puttini;  in  the  first  set.  holes  were  drillen  in  the  tulic-mill 
shell  to  correspon<l.  sulisiqucnt  sets  not  rc(piirinL;  further  drilliiiL' 
of  the  shell. 

As  stati'd  ahow.  these  strajis  or  liars  W(r<'  of  wr.ur^dit  iron. 
Tln'\-  i;i\e  a  life  of  hetween  thri'c  and  four  months,  and  are  e;isv 
to  thain,'e  -  the  entire  operation  of  slloxeliiiij  the  load  of  pcMiles, 
unlioltinLT  oM.  and  lioltini;  new  liners,  rcquivini^  onl\-  lietween  _'i) 
;ind  L' t  hr.  The  width  of  the  stra|is.  S  in.,  does  not  allow  them  to 
til  closely  to  tiie  curve  of  tlie  shell,  but  that  is  an  advantage, as  it 
has   a  tendency  to  turn  the  peMiles  over  on  tJtetnseh  cs,  instead  of 


I  r  HI:- Ml  I.I.  i.iMXt;, 


209 


sliihnt;,  which  ;i,tinn  wears  out  tlu'  \\wc<  i-iipidlr.  This  mill  has 
IxTii  .i^nn.Hn-  fr.nii  .V)  t.)  T.l  Lms  .hiily.  The  jioniuii  of  ihr  stanip- 
inill  pn.,hu't  !v.|,iirin'^'  n'-L,'rindin,<,r  is  principally  a  lou-h,  hanl, 
thalccildiiir   (|uart/.. 

WaI.IKR     \V.     liKADI      v. 
ncrk('lf\-,    DrcrinluT   l(t, 


('\'.\\'ii)i-:  cijc.w  vv 


j  i:  -1  i-v     IJ     111117 

■  111  'K-i-iiinL,'  a  iiiil!i?i-  jilaiit  it  lia-;  al\va>-s  hcrii  llic  [i.Mrtifi- 
tci  fiTct  a  separate  r.jMiii  tn:  rlraniiiL,'  and  lux'ssins,'  aiiial;,'aiii. 
aii.i  tnr  tn-atin.uaii\-  ri.li  piMduct,  siu  h  as  .lie  sail. 1.  el,,,  an.l  1  tliiiik 
it  IS  still  Timre  im|Kirtant  that  a  .-eparatr  ■.■.».ni  .ir  tloo.-  sIkhiM  l,e 
set  asiile  tdi-  till'  eii,-.TsiHin.liii-  "iH-vat  ii  ms  in  a  i  vani.le  jjlam,  as 
the  lialiility  of  '  -es  (u-enrriiv^  in  hainlliiiL,'  :^i>],\  sliiiie  is  imieh 
.ijreater  than  in  liamllini,'  aniali,'ain. 

1  tlHi-eln.-e  ]ir,)p<ise  lirini^'in'^'  fnrwarfl  a  few  su^'L;estii>ns  with 
llu>  viewdf  evokint^diseussion  on  tlu' suhjeet  -tun  loni;  neijleetcil  — 
so  that  the  en,i,'im'ei-s  who  (lesii,Mi  thes(>  j.laiit^  tnav  have  a  fairly 
'It Unite  i'lea  of  what  is  reallv  re<)uireil. 

The  elean-up  floor  sliouM  have  a  ilrainai^'e  separate  from  the 
rest  of  the  cxtraetor-house  floor,  so  that  any  wasliin,i,'s  shall  n..t 
lie  eontaminate.l  with  oil  and  i;rease  from  the  pumps,  et<',,  and  m.iy 
hv  run  into  a  sump  from  wliieh  the  residue,  after  settlement, 
may  he  easily  eolleited  and  imduded  in  the  next  elean-up.  Means 
of  trans]iort  of  the  .L,'ol,ldiearin,'f  zine,  ete.,  from  the  extractor- 
boxes  to  the  aiid-tul.s  should  he  somewhat  Letter  than  tli..se 
afforded  hy  the  proverl.ial  Kallir  and  a  hath  or  law  ket.  .Much  time 
and  also  lahor  is  wasted  hy  that  metho.l.  .\n  overhead  erawl 
with  tipiiin'^'  htiekets  e.iuld,  I  im.ai^'inc-,  \,v  easily  installed  in  most 
plants  and  waild  -.. .,  ,i,  p;,y  for  itself  l.y  the  savin.i,' of  time  and  labor, 
not  to  mention  the  ileerease  in  liability  of  havin-  -old  sjinie  aeei- 
dentally  spilt  on  the  extraetor-house  floor,  whenee  it  is  ajit  to  be 
carried  by  the  traffic  to  the  outside  of  the  huildin.i;  and  lost. 

The  aeid-treatment  plant  is  often  totally  in.:de.|ualr  {,,r  the 
proper  dissolvint,'  of  the  zine  and  insurii.i.ni  allowance  made  for 
the  washing  of  the  .iiold  sliiiie  before  li!tcr-pres>in-.  I  iin<l  it  better 
to  have  two  aeid-treatmcni  tubs  of  a  certain  eapacitv  tlian  f. 
have  only  one  of  the  same  tMt;,l  capacity,  as,  wlien  two  are  m  use, 
one  m.ay  be  fed  while  I  lu  <,tlicr  is  suflerin.ir  from  a  threatened  at- 
tack of  'hoilinir  over.'  while,  when  only  one  is  installed,  nothing  can 
be  done  until  the  attack  lias  succumbed  to  the  'cold  water  cure,' 

•Al.stractci  from  The  Jounul  ..I    ,b,-  Clumi.  :,!,  .MHalh.rKi.-.-,!  &  Minm^  Society  of  .South 
.•\lnca.  October,   MlOfi, 


( ww/ni:  (  /./•;  1  \  /  /', 


211 


.\st..ppa,^v  at  111,'  ari.l-tul,.  throws  hark  tlu-  wlmlr  .•|raii-up  an.l 
tlu'  time  tlius  Inst  canni.t  1m-  iiia.lc  iii,. 

\Vl,.-n  lill.r  ,MV<M„,^  ,.  l,.,.un  I  havr  ahvav.  t..„„,l  ,i,a,  i, 
"'•'>■    '"■    """''    """■'■   'I'li'kly   acrM,„,,lisl,r.l    N.lu'H    thf    -..1,1    slinir    is 

.Iraun  tmin  tlu'  lM,ti,„„  „i  thr  washi„,i,r  vat  than  whon  tli,  su.  tiu„ 
tn.in  thf  hltcT-prcss  i.unip  is  slun.i,'  owr  tlu'  side  <.f  the  vat.  A>  the 
,l,'.>l,I  sli.iir  is.vn-y  heavy,  it  is  advisaliK-  m  us,-  a  .p.Tu.llv  slmn 
l.n.^th  Ml  hose-  for  the  tiltcT-i.rc.ss  putnp  suction.  If.  .vlu-n  runnin- 
.1  -wn  the  char-OS  from  the  aci.l  treatment  tubs,  cvervthin-  is 
pnt  tl.P.ud.  a  tU-nicsh  screen  an.l  the  intents  nf  the  xvashin-'^vat 
k.],!  ni  a.-itat!u„  while  the  press  is  hein.i,'  tiPed.  there  is  no  ,l;m.'er 
nt  th.-  liMSe  ovvr  the  suction  .Irain-pipe  l.ecmin.u'  ehokcl. 

n.c  use  of  niter  ,.apers  nver  the  cloths  of  the  press  is  also 
to  l.e  reco„„„en.le.I.  as  hllin-  is  therehv  facilitatcl  and  the  lite 
ot  the  cloths  ,s  pro|o„,,.c,l.  a^  no  scruhl.in-  is  r.-,|uire.l  to  .lean  them 

111-  liltvr-presses  sui-plied  have  invariaMv.  in  m-    experience 
tlK'   opetnn.^r.   ,„   „H.   1,„,|,„,.   ,,,„„,,,   ,^.,.,    ^.,,^,,_,,^   ^,^^^._^|    ,^^^  J    ^^.^^^     ■ 

'|nantUvoltusc,lmol,h„..^    ^and  Mockm,  the  passages       Hv  havin- 
these  ope„,„^.„l,.,l,,„   „,,i,.,   ,hc,,,n,l,nH-darea.i„afull  press^ 

'V'!'"'''   ' ■  ^'■'''""'  "'^"'  ''^""   '"■  ""■  '■"'■'^  -I'anncI   and   with  a 

^h^ht   increase  ot  area  toward  ,1„.  ,„.,de  of  ,l,c  frame.,   there  will 

l.e  less  hahilHv  '■Mheir,l,okin,candtheprc>s,„avl,cl,!!cdmal.out 

•!"',    h'ss  time  ilian  when  tlic\-  are  left   rou-h. 

For  uashin^  the  cakes  while  in  the  pre^s  it  is  advis^Me  to  use 

iiot  water,  no,  ,,„lv  for  its  l,ctter  wasl,in,  ellect.  l.u,  also  hecause 

'^''"'•^•"■^'"'■^'^'"""^  'ry.  cxendthcreisonKa  laverof  ..,M 
shme  ,.„,,,.-  papers, ,r  cloth.  .\  l«  in  ,al.  ta-M<  phucl  ,  .Oer  the' flue 
ot  the  calc.mn.u  turnaee,  if  the  latter  is  fairlv  close  at  han-I  so  as 
to  utilize  the  heat  from  the  escaping  ^ases,  will  ^enerallv  l.e'p.uu,] 
eapalil,-  ol   -nin-  enou,L;h   hot   water, 

it  ts  essential  that  a  va,  lar,,-  en,.u,h  „.  take  all  the  washes 
';■""'  '■';■  "-^'^'""^  ^^"  ^'"'1  '1'-  filter  press  1„,  ,„stalle,i.  s. ,  ,I,at 
the    washes    may    receive    lurther   trcalmc,    l.cf,,,,.    !„,„„    ,;„ 


w  asti 


m    to 


,'■"'".;":   '.'^'•■"    •"""''   '"   '"'   !"■'--'='    "1    sohit.on   in   the  acid 
washes^     I  his    is   app.rcn.iv   due    „.   ,  he   presence   of  1,  v,lr,  .cvani. 
■•I'td.      The    m,.re    completely    the   acid    treatment    ,s    carrici'  on, 
that  IS.  when  no  zinc  is  left  undissol ve,l.  ,]u-  m,.re  ,lanL;e, 
o|    t;,ild    l.ciiiL:   rediss(,h  ,.,1        h    ic   ;!,,.,.,.,■,,„,.    -,.u-:.  _  . .,,.   .^    ,. 
ua-hm^s  sl,.l„lv  aci,l  an.l  then  spnnkl..  /m.-'fume'over'ti,.''su;f;i'"' 


.'r  there  IS 


212 


i<i:(  i:.\ I  (  )\\.\n>i-:    'AM(  //(/•:. 


mi'anwhiU'  krc]iin;4  tlic  suliitinii  aijitatiil.  This  should  \iv  ddni' 
t'aoh  liiiii'  a  i  harijr  liuni  the  arid-tuKs  is  t ranstV'rrcil  fur  wasliiii^'. 
Aftrr  the  1  li  an  lip  i>  oxer  it  is  ail\i<alilt'  tn  hia\t'  the  I'lintcnts 
1)1  tlif  lai'Lir  \at  fnr  thr  \\asiniii,'s  assayt.'(l,  alter  i^oinj  S(_'ttli.-nu'iit, 
ainl.  it  nrnsvarw  tiKiro  ziiu-  funu'  can  hi'  adikil  hrforf  ihr  sohiticjii 
)s  nni  til  waste.  15\'  this  means  the  '^I'M  in  aeiil  washes  run  to  waste 
ina\'  he  redueed  to  (1,07  ih\I  per  t'ln,  whereas  tile  iirdinarx  a(  id 
waslu'S  will  ]ii'ohahl\'  <  arr\'  !..")  dwt  ,  or  more,  jier  ton.  ('op]ier 
sulphate,  linely  di\ided  iron,  and  ehareoal  were  also  used  for  this 
I)urpose  in  the  lahoratnvy  e.\])eriments,  hut.  as  /ine  t'uiiie  ua\"e  the 
most  satisl'a  tory  results,  it  \\'as  tried  on  a  wi'rkiiiL;  seak'  with 
su<'h  sneeess  that  it  has  heeii  used  on  all  the  mines  o|  tin-''-"'  soli- 
dated  'iold  hdelds  Lji'oup  e\  el'  sinee  a  su]i]p1\'  eould  he  |  .'d. 
It  is  jirepared  h\'  the  distillation  of  /ine  /;;  ■..u  :i<>  and  si  .;i(i  i  ■ 
]ia(ki.d  in  air-tii,dit  lases.  as  it  oxiilizes  readih'  on  exjiosure  to  the 
atniosjihere  and  is  afterward,  of  eourse.  useless  for  this  j.urjxise. 
From  li\e  to  si  \en  ]ioun(ls  are  sulfieieiit  to  treat  washes  amounting 
to  ahout   1(11)  tons. 

l"or  taJNing  otY  the  aeid  washes  from  the  washiiiL,'  \'at  it  is 
nd\"isahle  to  Use  a  ileeanter.  If  the  arm  of  1  he  ileeanter  he  paint  eel 
^\•hite,  the  operator  ean  si.'e  at  a  glaliee  whether  the  solution  is 
I'lear  enoUL;!i  to  draw  o|f  or  not.  The  paint  \\\\]  last  throui^di 
a  elean-up  and  laii  !»■  easih'  renewed.  The  \vasliing-\-at  mav 
ha\'e  a  false  hottiuu  of  ei  inent  slopinj,'  toward  the  outlet  to  eiiahle 
it  to  he  more  easil\-  (leaned  out.  The  eeillellt  should  lie  painted 
over  with  P.  Ov  H.  aeid-proof  paint  after  eaeh  eiean-np.  If  this  is 
done  it  w  ill  show  no  sii^ns  of  wear.  When  t  lie  ]iaint  is  hein;,'  a])plied 
it  is  as  Well  to  keep  an  eye  i  m  the  jiers'in  doini,'  t  he  j"l),  as  I  liax  i'  had 
a  Kalfir  o\ereonie  with  the  fumes  from  the  jiaint  \\hen  at  work- 
on  the  hottom  of  a  \  at  K)  ft.  ileep.  He  (piieklv  reeoxered  on 
ht'ini;  taken   t"  tlu'   fresh  air. 

Stirrini,'  i,'ear  tor  the  aeid-dissoh.im,'  tuhs  should  he  installed, 
hut  the  tiioiinn  should  ln>  rexeiihle,  as  it  is  often  fmind  expedient 
i<>  re\'ersr  ;  lu'  direetion  of  stirritiL;  in  order  to  help  the  dissoh  iiig 
of  the  zine  and  to  free  any  whiili  mav  ha\a  lolletti'd  rouiid 
tlu'-    upriL,'iit    e.irrxdrr,^  t  lie  p.iddu  s. 


Till-:  MOORK  AXD  IJUTTl'RS  FILTERS 

(Jamiar\    I  _'    ]!tli7 

The  I-Mitur: 

Sir  The  anidr  by  .Mr.  .\utt<  r  .m  thr  .Mm., re  tiher  in  vuur 
issue  <>t  Deeeinlier  I")  is  lioth  iiitii'est  in-  ami  iiisi  inu  t  i\-e.  Tliere 
are.  huue\-er,  se\  eral  serious  errors  in  it  whieh  do  an  injusti(  c 
ti-  tlie  Mutters  (iher.  ami  which  shuuM  he  edrreeted  iiniiie(hatelv. 
In  .hMUSMU.L,'  a  plant  \<>  treat  .'!.")(l  tons  iil">linu'.  as  deseril.e.l  1,\  .Mr. 
Nutter,  a  eiiin]iari>(.n  with  the  plant  ereetei]  iat  .Millers,  in  .\e\a(la; 
for  the  Tdnopah  enmpany,  will  l,e  ni  nnler.  This  [Gutters  sliine- 
(ilter  consists  ol'  _'l(i  Uaxes.  aiid  wmild  handle  al.ont  .'idd  tons 
of  the  hilierty  I^ell  shine,  and  L'."il  i  leaws  would  ea,sil\-  handle 
the  null  output  ..I  :;.-,()  tons  per  da_\-.  Sueh  a  plant  would  require 
instead  of  ri-ht  7dn.  pumps  as  estiniat<-d  l>y  .Mr.  .\mter.  only 
on.'  pump  that  word.l  tran>t\r  the  puii>  or  watiT  in  ill  nnnutes. 
It  IS  \er>-  .hl'lieult  I  .  .  al.ulate  eentritu,i,'al  jiuni],  eapai  itie.s  v. . .rkin;.^' 
on  a  material  otsueh  \arial>''  c  unsisienee  as  slime,  hut  juik'im;  from 
])revious  e.xperienee  with  different  slimes  a  ',)-in,  pump  would 
he  amply  lari,'.':  and  as  (Sdn.  pumps  are  reL;ular]\-  use.l  to  transler 
sand  m  dre.l-ini,',  it  is  har.lly  in  or.ler  to  call  a  l»-in.  ]iump  "larije," 
or  to  L.iisi.ler  it  oi-  its  \al\-es  .iitficult  of  operati.ui. 

The  li-ht  crane  r  iitione.l  l,y  Mr.  Xutte-  \\..uM  not  he  neces- 
sary, as  a  h.alf-ton  <  haind.lo.k,  with  crawl.  wouM  h.m.lle  the 
Butters  K'axcs  when  such,  han.llin,!.;  lie..ame  neeessarv,  which, 
li>'   till.'  wa\-,   won  111  lie  r.ire, 

.\s  rcLjar.ls  the  <pi;intity  of  slim.-  t..  I.e  pumped,  it  ;.  certainly 
not  fair  to  recpiire  the  iiandlin,>;  of  the  lar,i,'e  quantity  needed  to 
fill  .\Ir.  .Nutter's  (ilter-vats,  whieh  are  not  desitjiied  as  is  the  F.utters 
filter  1m, X,  p.  i.intain  harelv  i  nou.ijh  slime  to  c.i\er  the  leaves. 
Xeitlieris  it  ■■.  fair  jir.  ,p(,sit  r  ;n  t.i  re.|uire  that  the  .slime  he  pumped 
aj^^-iinst  the  nia.ximuin  lie.el  .  ,f  1!)  ft  .  when  ;i  pr.)perl\-  .lesii^'ne.l 
plant.  e\-en  when  huilt  on  level  1,'n.uii.i.  i,  i  -  a  maximum  lift  of 
ID  ft.  and  a  r,iinimu-i  of  I)  ft  hi  other  W(,rds,  one  properle 
ciesijrned  hox  for  L':>1)  Butters  lea\-.'S  will  contain  ajiproxiniatelv 
7.000  c;i.  ft.  instead  of  the  L'MMIO  ,  n.  ft.  eaj.acitv  of  the  ei-h't 
tiltcr-vats  that  .Mr.  Xutier  consi.lers  necessary.  The  use  of  such  a 
iif>x  woui.j  make  availahle  t.      water  and  slime  storage  the  vats 


Khj  i:.\  I  (  ].\.\ini-_  I'h'A!  I !(  /•;. 


IMW   tisci]    I'.ir   liltcriiv^   ;mil   \\;i'-liin-.   thus  i  .l,\-iatiiiu  the  tin-osuy 
"I  iiist;illiii-  till'  twi.  >tofa-i'  tanks  li-  iiiniti. 'U^ 

Itisirail  ■''■  tin-  linn-  ilnns  luiiiL,' a-.  t;i\i-n  l'\-  Mr  Xuttrrin  tlir 
ryilc-  ..|  ■.piTatii'iis,  tlir  twll,,\\  ji].^.  HI  the  opiniMii  <>f  tlir  writrr. 
wnuM  in.m-  marly  a|ii.ru.-;imatr  actual  runiiiii'^  .  .  .iiilitiuiis : 


Operations. 


Loailinjr 

TninslVrnii!,'  (tiltiT^i 
Milliny;  with  wati-r 

Wasliin;.; . 

DiM-liar^'iri),' 

TninsfiTriiiL'  Miltcrsi 


T..ial   . 


M....r 


lUltttTS.  ButtlTS 

I'ravitv. 


1    lir.  I  lir.                       1  lir. 

In  niin.  ii'iilji    111  mill.  ,   1'  nun. 

\i!  Ill  •■  '   .-,  ■• 

1    lir.  I  hr.  I   1  hr. 

Ill  mm.  HI  mm.                  Ill  miii. 

Ill  (I'uli.-  1(1  ■•                         2  ■ 

-  lir   :iil  niin.     2  hr.  40  niin.     2  hr.  1»  niin. 


Witlmiit  knowin-  the  iMii^liti.  ,iis  as  tin-y  vxi>t  at  tin-  Lilnrtx 
Hell  tliat  wciuld  iiitlurni'.'  tlu'  cost  n(  a  liltcr  insi.allatiMti.  micI 
as  lirrsciii  arran,L;ciiu  lit  "t  \ats  ami  l.-inks.  ii...,\rr  rr(]uir('il  Ir. 
tlic  MuMfr  iiltrr.  .1,'niuii.l  ruutMur-.  cir,.  I  am  uual.ic  t^  .arrv  tlii- 
cmpari-iii    |,,   its   ln-ical    cnnclusiMn.    wlirrcfurc   il    is   imomjilclf 

.\  siatcimnt  t'mm.Mr.  .Xuitcr  as  t<  i  w  li\-  it  wnuMimt  1,,.  hcltrr 
'"  i'lslall  a  properly  .Irsi-md  !iltcr-l,(.x :  \\1;\-  a  '.^raxitx-  plant 
''""'''  ""'  !'>■  piaiTil;  an. I  why  on,-  ll-in.  puni])  woiiM  n.'t  he  sutli- 
cirnt,   wiiuM   sccni   \n  \,r  in   or.jcr. 

.M.\kK      R.     l.AMII. 

.Mexico  ('it  w   I  )c(  (  iiiIk  r  L'J 


A  SII'llox  l)i:\'l(i-:  i-oR  R1-:m()\-|.\(;   l-L()ATI.\(i 

MATKRIAL 

\'>\      i;i)UAkl)    S.    WlAKi) 
U"fl>nMry  2.    l!lo7i 

TIk'  d.vi.v-  ,K-.rril.i-.l  an.l  illu.tr;it-.l  in  iliis  artirlr  was  us^mI 
I'v  lii<-  writer  in  a  mill  in  nnnluni  Idali..  f.  nrn.ra-  partidrs  ..f 
linatin-  -..Irna  fr.mi  th.'  ^urlarr  ,,|  tlv  watrr  in  a  Irm-  \-.sl,ai.r.i 
l.-mk,  .liMni.ulnu!  ^'.u'hnr,]  pnl,,  t,,  ,-,  nnnil.rr  ni  \V,liky  tal,K> 
and  vaiiner.  Ov,  ii,:^  i,,  t]„.  manner  ,,{  nnnm-.  tli-  mil'iin-  .,ro 
o.ntam,  .1  an  rxtra-.nlinary  anv.uni  ,,1  w...,].  ,  aii^m-  iimn' "than 
the  u-ual  trnuMe  ,„  .t,,,,,,„,^.  „,,  ,,u,.,  ;„„,  ,|.c;^in^-  ih.  nlll.  s 
of  the  Uillliy  tal.les.  An  examn,atiMn  -i  th,.  Unatm-  material 
showvdit  to  consist  lar^'ely  of  fin,'  I'it^  ..f  wn,,,]  t,,  uhieh  had  a,lhere,l 
s.'aly   pie.-es   <.f   -al,  na :   the   adl,.  si,,n   ni    tlv    two   hem-   iM.ssihh- 

assisted  hv  a  lihn  ut  -reas,.  ,,n  the   w 1.      The  -ilena   was  rather 

rieher  m  -iiver  tiian  the  re-ular  run  of  e.  .neentrate  :  tests  with  sil- 
ver-leaeliin.i;  salts  and  an  .xaminatiui,   with   the  mier.  ,se,,pr  show- 
in-  the  ^inerease  o«er  t  h-  normal  prnpurti-.n  to  he  due  to  tetrah^'- 
'h-ite.      This  miner.d  wa-.  in  minnr  aniotmt    in  the  (.re  as  it   eanie 
'"   ''"■    "'•"■    'li'-    pn  dominant    sihvr  mineral   h,  in-  ar-eiitite.'     A 
little    L;al.  na    was    |,,st    hy    -ivasv    lh,|atioii.      The    undressed    ore 
contained,  lar-e   amounts  ..f  >patliie  in.„   and   the   tank-water  was 
sh-htly  acid.     Apparentlv,  the  p.p  lay,  rs  of  the  water  m  the  tank 
weiv  pcrleetiv  clear  hut  the  inseriiMn  ..f  ,-    !,;i|ii,.  !„,ard  \\,,uld  eaus- 
•■'   '''■"■'-'  '-'"'"  '"  '1^""   tip  ''chind   it.   e.Mstantlv   h,  in-  au-nienti'd 
and  spreadm-  .,ver  the   surfaee  ,.t   the   wafr'    The'-ak'na  euuM 
readily    he   separated  f  n  .m  the  wo.  .d  l.y  a,-itatinn;  at'ter  shakin-  a 
porti..n  ol  water  an.l  seum  in  a  l.eakvr,  th.-  W.....1  w.niM  rise  to  t'lie 
P>p  an.l  the  -alena  settle  !,,  i  he  l.otp.m 

The  water  fnini  th.^  siphon  was  use.]  to  wa>li  down  the  cn- 
centrate  f-.rme.l  l.v  the  vanmr..  (dean  water  was  sear.e  an.l 
It  hems  necessary  to  make  a  cnevntrate  hi-h  in  ka.i.  ,t  was  not 
possiMc  to  use  the  overllow  water  of  the  tank  for  sluiein-  i.ui-pos.  s 
The  (.verll.nv  of  the  tank  cntaind  a  notew<,rthv  ipiantitv  of  (ino 
matter,   whieh  was  further  settk-d  on  th,-   l.,«vr  n..or 

The  ,levice,  herewith  illustrated,  is  su.L'K'cstiw  ,.f  a  means  of 


216 


/\7-.(  i-:.\r  (  r.i.v//'/-:  /'AM(  i  /ri-: 


rcilvuiiiL;  llu-  \iiluiiir  ni  walrr  lldwniL;  tiir(iiiL;li  a  tank.  The  slinic 
aii'l  sand  tnati  '1  in  tlir  null  iniilci-  ili-i  u^'>ii  in  \\i  it  railuv  In  !■  troin 
rlavrv  niatnr  and  tlir  Mii-larr  wau  r  hut  a  U-w  hit  iV.mi  lin'  Kcil 
end  <>[  tlir  tank  was  wyy  nearly  rlrar.  Tlir  di-viiv  tlciatnl  in  the 
w.itrr  almut  twn-thirds  the  way  iVuni  the  feed  end  {•>  tlir  (]\cr- 
llow  end.  Kut  it  would  base  Keen  |Mi-,sil,|r  1,,  ha\r  placed  it  nuieh 
clos<.'r  to  the  I'eed  eiid  of  the  tank  and  olitain  water  tVee  from  low- 
jjrade  dime.  i-"or  the  jan-jiose  ot  nuM\  ly  i-enio\inL;  eoniparati\el\- 
ciean  water,   a  nuniherot  the  de\lei  s  ei  uld   ha\-e   lieen   used. 

The  two  lloat  tanks  sliould  pfop,  rl\-  he  made  of  thin  sheet 
aluniiniiuii  My  lloats  wife  made  of  Xo.  :;()  sheet  iron  nea\il\- 
coated  with  liitumeil.  At  the  top  the  sidi  s  are  hent  over  a  liea\-v 
wire,  hellt  to  the  shajie  ot"  the  tank,  to  '^iv:  stilhless.  The  riihher 
tuliini,'  used  was  ;  in.  outside  diameter,  with  walls  ■'  .,.,  in,  thick. 
Tile  tuhinj,'  shoulil  he  t!nn  \\all(  d,  so  as  not  to  inti  rfere  \\ith  the 
free  \-ertieal  mo\ements  <i{  t  lu'  tloats  Tlle  liraeket  heiWeiU 
the  floats,  sui)]H,riino  the  tank  ■  iid  of  the  tuh(  s  and  tlu'  inverted 
iiiushroonis.  is  made  of  li'^ht  stri|-s  of  wood  stif'h  lU'd  l.\-  lour  little 
an'„;ledrons  m  the  eoriiers.  Tin  se  ran  he  (|uiekl\-  made  and  Kored 
and  eountersunk  lor  wood  ^erews  Ij\-  the  mill  Maeksmit  h.  Care 
sliouM  he  takiii  to  make  the  upper  row  of  h-li  s  in  the  l.r.ieket 
\-ertieall\-  ahoNC  the  eorri  spouilim,'  lower  ones.  These  holes 
■should  he  of  a  Utile  less  diaiUeter  than  the  tu!  lin.L; ,  t  he  tuhinj,' will 
then  he  firmly  h.eld  ami  yi  t  adjustahle.  The  inverted  mushrooms 
or  si, .liners  are  made  of  Xo.  _' I  eop|,er  jiiate.  With  the  form  of 
strainer  used,  the  luill  ilue  to  tile  Mphon  aei  ion  drew  the  to])  la\-(.r 
of  water  downward  and  in  fi'om  the  sides  tirniK'  and  L;entl\-,  With 
a  simple  tuhe  in  the  water  a  eurn  iit  would  he  created  from  the  hot- 
torn  of  the  tank  that  would  stir  up  the  low-i;rade  slime  Lclow  the 
upper  lax'ers  of  water  The  nippk  s  on  the  l^dn,  pijie  are  short 
pieces  of  j)ipe  serewed  into  the  sides.  The  tanks  arc  i>re\-ented 
from  mo\  in;,'  from  their  jiositions  l.y  strini^s  t'asteiicd  from  their 
jiomts  to  the  nijiple  pijie;  they  are  not  sIkjwii  in  the  drawin.t;.  The 
little  -trijis  of  \\-ood  from  the  Jioiius  of  the  floats  to  the  sides  of 
tile  tank  are  in  the  nature  of  hattles  to  cause  the  floating;  material 
to  coiuerLje  toward  tiie  mushrooms  and  prewnt  its  jiassaire 
between  the  tloats  and  tlu^  sides  of  the  tank,  A  similar  strip 
floats  liehind  the  mushrooms  to  prewnt  llcjatini,'  material  from 
passing  le,-  them. 


I>l:Vh  1:  ht>l<  l<l:M(n'l\i:  hl.iKMIXi;  MA  I  h.KI  \l.      ■2\7 


i 


DtiA.u   Or   U-i«Tt»M-«-«ooi 


'.til    t_a     -U. 


S  r  PHON     Device 

Removing   Slime. 


1 


TIic  siphon  iK'vice  is  'arti<l  liy  <)iHiiiu<4  ihv  \al\v  fnnn  the 
hit,'h-prf.ssuiv  supi)Iy;  alter  it  is  started,  tile  valve  is  elnsed  and 
re^nilation  iseiTected  hy  the  valve  .1,  To  avoid  a  elimli  to  the  tank, 
a  second  valve  i/?)  was  placed  on  the  \anner  lloor  lor  starting  or 
stopjnnt,'  the  siphon. 


Till-  iutti:rs  Fii/n-R 

iU    Mark  R    I.amh 


'Hk'  a....„,|,anvinL;  illustration  .shows  a  I5utl,rs  liItiT  wit  li  the 
nocfssarv  tanks  an.l  puni|.s  The  filtrr  i.  .xtivinrlv  sinipl,  an.l 
consists  nu-ivlv  of  v^n  shrrls  of  .  anvas  sru'n  to  a  .or,.  .,1  v  Koa- 
'iiatltnu.  'riirs.Trsuhant  l-av.s  or  .rl!s  arr  support,.!  l.v  a  woo,lrn 
strip  at  ih.-  top  ami  l.v  a  franir  ot  halt  inch  pip,,  at  tlu'  si^Ks  an^l 
hott,,ni.  Th,.  ,rlls  ar,-  cinn.M,',!  Ijy  sli,,rt  tnppK's  an,]  h,K,.  t,,  tin. 
va,ir,nn-,lruni  Wh,.,,  th..  tiit,'r-l„,x  is  lill,.l  with  pulp,  whi.'h  has 
'"Til  piv\i,,uslv  a-ital,-,I  with  s,,lu!i,,ii.  the  xa.'uuni  ,lraws  th,. 
-.'luti,.!,  fnmi  th,.  slm,,..  havin-  t  h,.  latt,.r  ,.n  th,.  h.aws  in  ih,.  form 
"t  a  lav,r.  This  lay,.r  is  nia,l,.  tVoni  11.7.-,  t,,  I.,",  in.  thii^k.  ,l,.p,.n,lin- 
"11  till' class,. fsliinr.  I)urin.^'tli,.tini,.th,.slin„.  I'ak,.  is  h.-iu'^  f,  ,nn..,"l 
til,.  hIt,.r-I,ox  is  k,.],!  full  .,f  pulp.  th,.  a,l,liti,,ns  n.plaiiiv^  tli,.  s,,|n^ 
tion  with.Irawn  lhr,,UL;ii  th,.  .  ,.lls  an,l   k,.,.pin-  th,.  slim,.  aL;itat,,l. 

The  lay,.r  forms  ...nt  iiniouslv  an-l,  as  w,.uM  ]•<■  ,.xp,...t,'^,|  fr,,ni 
tlK.natur,.,,fth, .-,,!,. rati<,n,  its  thi,kn,.ss  \-ari,..s  fr,,ni  t,,p  t,,  !".tt,.tii. 
'l«.]K.n,lui-  ui,..ii  th,.  p<.rin,.al.ilitv  ,,f  the  stuff  ,k.p,,sit,.,i.  In  ,.th,.r 
w,,r,]s.  th,.  shni,.  n.snltin..,;  from  all  slinniiL;,  wliitli  ,.ontains  tin,. 
-an,l,  t,,rmsa  t  hi,  ker  lav,.r  ,.n  th..  l,,w,.r  portion  ,,f  th,.  I, .at  than  ,.n 
th,.  upp,.r.  This  tlii,.k..r  part  is  m,.iv  p,.rin,.al.],.  an,l  is  wash,.,!  in 
txa,.tly  th,,.  sain,,  tinu.  .'is  th,.  tliinn,.r  l,nt  .l,.ns,T  upp,.r  part. 

Al'ter  th,.  lay,.r  ,,f  slim,,  has  attain,,!  th,.  ,l,.sir,.,!  tlii.kni.ss 
tlu-  inili.  ivmainin-  in  th,.  1„,x  is  .Irawn  ,,ii  t,.  th,.  pulp-sump 
an.i   tlu.  l.,,xis    1,]!,.,!    with   wat,.r.      This  wat,.r  is   , Irawn    tlir.,u.']i 

thcslimountilth,.  latt,.ristl„,r,,u..,'lily  ln.,.,lfn,ms,,luti,.iian,lnK.ta; 
in  s,,luti,,n.  TIi,.  va.  uum  is  ilu.n  !,r,,k,.n  an.l  ,l,.ar  wat,.r  mtro- 
<iucc(i  uh.Ilt  sli.i;ht  i)r..ssur..  into  the  int..ri,)r  ,.1  th,-  l,.a\-..s.  Tliis 
<H.slo<]i;es  the  slime  wlii.h  is  ,lis.har-,.,l  fr,,m  th..  hopp,,-  l„,it,,m 
thn,u-h  a  ,-ate-valv,..  \Vli,.r,.  it  is  .l,.siral,l..,  a  lar-e  p,,r!i,.n  ,,1  th,. 
Avater  remainin.L,'  in  the  l.,,x  ,an  1,,.  with. Irawn  I„.|ore  the  slime  is 
(lischarKe.I.  an,l  if  wat.r  is  very  expensive  ihe  slinu'  .an  1...  ,!isl,„iee,l 
with  ....mpress..,!  air  an.!  tranim,.,!  fr.nii  the  lilt,.r-I.,,x.  Th,'  small 
c..ntrilu,.,'al  i,.unip  r,. turns  the  i,iv,i,mant  soluti,,n  t,.  zin.   .,r  fume  or 


////••    Hr  I  I  l:l<^    hll.l  l-.K. 


.'!!» 


.■livtn.htii'  ].rccii.it.iti.in  \.i,\v<.  Tlir  laruc  .  ml  i-itui:,il  lauii]. 
I'tlunis  tlu-  i\,i-^  ,,f  iiiililtcn  il  ■-liin.  \<,  \\^  stiTa,L;c  vat  All 
\al\r  strm-,  arc  r\i,iblr>l  to  tin-  (.piratin-  ll..Mr.  \vlii,-ii  ptTniits 
"iir  mail  t'l  In  at  aliimM  aiu"  fmia'.  r.  'I'lir  laiua';  ilnis  iint  srviil 
t'>  lirttriMralc,  diu  set  lia\  iii;^  1m  ,11  in  mv,  i,  <■  ..v,  r  \\\\,  viars.  The 
lime    tiMil    in    lu  ul  rali/iiiL,'    aiilitv    a].].rars    \n    juMiLct    llir    IiIht. 


I'ii;    -Mr      Huttrrs   Filti't 


Wlitii  this  takium  rarli.Miatr  a<  <  miiulatfs  sutVirirntlv  to  delay 
"l"^:ati()iis.  it  i>  n-mnved  hv  suhjcctini,'  the  leaves  to  a  hath  (if 
-",    HCI. 

The   filtef-hrx  may  he  nia.ie  either  of  wocl  (,r  iron,   as  may 
seem    advisahle,    (lept'ndine    nii    tlie    !?>r.-!!itv     :;i-;<-c     f.-^-.A    fr..\:^\-.l 
Where  the  site  docs  not  permit  of  fillini;  and  emptyin,i,'  the 


2J(i 


A'Af  /•  \  /    (    )■  \  \li>i;    /'!,■  1,    //(/.;_ 


bv  ,i;r.i\itv,  th,-  pull,  I-  'ir>uiai.,l  ,,ii.l  i  r.niM.  nv.l  1,\  tl„.  pump, 
rii.'  vahis  111  siuh  a  system  an-  all  pla,..l  n.ar  t  lie  piitiip  ami  ,  .  .n- 
tr..llr.l  liuDi  tl„^  ..p.Tatini,'  platl..ryn  aln.-.r  iiimtiMii,  .  1       Tlir  uaOi 

•'"■''">''   '">    'I"'   I'l'-'r  i-  ni'taMy  p.  rlr,  I   ati.i   l^ mpl,s!i,.|   l.v 

t  lir  1I--1'  I  .|  a  iiiiniiinini  m  w  ,iti  r. 

•'^'•""'  '-^  ""^^  '"iiiLr  tnalr.l.  result  ill),'  fmiii  the  inilliii-  ..f 
'''"""^■''""■'■-  ^'''"'  '"'  ^'"'iM  11. ii  1"  p.Ksil.U.t.itr.al  l.v.lr,aiilan..n, 
■""'  •'"'  "''"''  •'  lilt'T  pass  inslallati..n  u,,„M  lie  iirMluliitiv.ly 
cxpin.Mvi'.  as  udl  in  Ursi  cost  as  „,  lain,,-  an.!  p<,ucr.  This  fijtf'r 
c-oml)inos  th.-  l.rst  features  of  il„  .M,„„>-.  H„tt,,s,  aii.l  Cassel 
patriits  an.!  v.ill  1,.  il,,-  nuans  .  ,t  cxtraftinn  pn-.  i,,us  i,,.  ;al  fr..,ii 
sliiur  n,.t  aiiana!,!,-  f,  trratnimt  l,v  anv  ..ther  nuth.-.l,  as  well 
as  Inmi  sand  n..u  tr.aiMl  l,v  p,  n  ,,],n  ■■  m.  l,ni  uhieh  will  he  Kround 
imirli  tiiKT  an.]  treat,. 1  !,\-  a,i;ilati.>n  an.]  tiltrati.>iL 


Till-:  kii)(i\v.\\   mlti:r 

(Frl.niary  H    10071 

■■Tliis  invrnti'in  i-  .1. -i'^'iici!  partii-ularly  fur  tr.atiin;  -lime 
ruiitaitiin.LiK'ol'i  i"  sdhniim  A  trial  tnacliiiu'  was  Iniih  (,n  the  (Inat 
BouIcUt  mitu'.  at  Kal^oorlir.  atiri  has  hcen  constantlv  in  oporation 
'•ill'  1   Jamtary.  litdfl, 

'I'liis  inachuu'  (.oiisist.-  ui  I  _'  iKii  »a>l-ir(>ii  tiltfriii^'  frames 
(7'i.  will,  li  arc  in  the  form  of  si(  tni-,  ,,|'  a  nn-le.  The  frames  arc 
onrruj^ated  on  their  lunler  surfaces,  and  to  these  eorru>,'atr.!  sur- 
taees  screens  are  atta(he<l;  ordinary  filtrr-rlMth  is  tixecl  iait  the 
screens  'I'hc  tranies  are  sus]K-ndc',i  linrizumalK-  in.iii  radiallv 
arranijed  levers  (A'l,  tlie  inner  emls  of  whiih  an-  tonm  ,  ud  to  a  \  cr- 
tiral  centre  cohinin  or  spindle.  pro\ided  with  internal .  miiii,.,|-iiii,  n,  s. 
Karli  liltcriiiL;  Iraiiie  is  also  coiinec  teii  liy  three  radial  pijK  s  and  nili- 
liiT  Ihkcs  !'■  dil'lircnt  Kunpartnients  in  'he  central  c  nluiiiiK 

' '"  outer  ed'^es  (.f  the  tiltcrint,'  frames  |,,rm  the  jieripherv 
of  a  circle  \2  It  in  diameter;  inimediateh  ..ut-ide  this  pcriplicrv 
IS  placed  a  (  iretilar  rail  track  (Z\.  and  t^  the  outer  cud  of  the  lexers 
i-V  ..;e -itta.  h,  d  \che<ds  ,,r  -  ."I.rs  i7''i.  Ml  1  in  liani  The  wheels 
stij.port  the  le\-er-  and  run  .  .ii  tlu'  cireu'ar  track  i/i,  which  is  car- 
'""■'i  ""  the  (luter  ed:.^e  cf  an  annular  truu.i^h  under  the  lilterm'.^' 
Iramcs.  The  troui^h  is  di\  id<'d  into  three  compar'ments  one 
tor  slime-pulp,  (rue  lor  \casli-so|ulion.  and  one  (Wiih.oui  a  hottomi 
for  residue  dis,  harL;e,  The  eeiicral  le\el  of  the  track  (Zi  is  such 
that  the  frame  has  its  lower  surface  onh-  immersed;  tlu'  track, 
liowc  \-er.  has  clc\ated  iiortious  so  arran-ed  that  when  the  ecn- 
tnil  columns  and  fr.imcs  are  rotated,  the  wheels,  in  runnin;,'  u]) 
the  clc\ation.  lift  the  lilterinL,'-frames  out  of  one  compartment, 
ami.  on  des,  ('11111111;.  lower  the  fr.ame  into  another. 

1  he  lower  part  of  the  central  eohmni  has  two  ]iassat,'es,  into 
which  the  solutions  are  drawn,  hy  a  \acuum.  throu,L;h  the  radial 
I'lpes  that  .  onneet  with  the  tilterin-  frames  the  \acuum  l.cim,' 
proihiced  h_\-  a  p^unip.  connected  with,  the  optnin-s  'V  and  Li 
near  tne  hottoin  ot  tli.'  K.lumn  air-ti-ht  conn.  ■  ns  lietwivn 
rotatin.L,'  and  statiotiary  j.arts  hemt,'  secured  hv  means  of  inlands 
and    stuftinir-hoxcs. 


•From  tl)i-  M.nlhl:  J.'itrnLi!  ••!  Ihc  Ctiuml^or  ..f  .Mines  .,l  Wt-Mi-rn  .\m 


trri;i.i.     .\,jveml>er.  lOOfi. 


^S:^ 


^'^"'^^^'^^^^^^^^P^^^^^^^^^W 


l-'iv.    -7.       I'hr    Ri,l^;u,,v    I'liirr, 


////•.  /\7/",ii.n  hii.ii-.K. 


L'_':5 


A  nost  of  thnv  valves  {fi  is  iilaccd  in  tlic  jnpcs  l)et\vt'cn 
tlu'  column  and  vuvh  tilHT-fninic;  ra.li  of  the  tlir.v  valves  is  auto- 
niaiually  oiKi-alcd  while  tliv  niailiiiiv  is  in  iiK.tinn  l,\-  small  roll- 
ers (l')  passin.u  over  elevation--  ..n  ..ne  ..r  ..th,  rof  tlie  three  traeks 
shown  at  (II'i ;  the  t,'ol,l  solution  is  thus  .lelivered  int..  o,,,-  ,  umpart- 
lUent  of  the  eentral  eohiinn  throu-h  one  of  the  \al\-es,  and  tho 
wash  solution  into  the  other  compart inent  throu,i,'h  another  valve, 
thus  jirovidinj,'  for  the  two  solutions  licinir  Wept  sejiarate.  A  third 
pipe  connects  the  third  valve  lat  Ih  with  the  i,,p  ,,r  cmipresse.l 
an-  section  of  the  column  (at  B\.  an,l  while  the  frame  is  j.assin-,' 
o\er  the  disehari^'e  ehute  this  valve  is  automaticallv  opened  by 
its  roller  and  a  inilT  of  eonipresse.l  air  enters  the  (ilt'er-fraine  and 
disi.laees  the  residue  adherin.i;  to  the  eloth;  the  residue  falls  through 
the  discharjje  ehute  (  ]V  ,  into  a  dump-truck.  Each  frame  acts 
mdei.endently,  having  its  o\\  n  roller,  set  of  valves,  and  eomu.  lions 
with  the  central  column;  and  each  frame  and  its  adjuncts  f(jrin  a 
•  omplete  self-acting  unit.  The  aceomi)anvin.ir  drawin-  shows  a 
single-plunder  air-compressor  (at  C),  sclf-.-ontained  :nid  driven 
l>y  the  machine  itself;  the  compressed  air  can,  in  manv  in-^tance,- 
lie  supjilied  conveniently  fmin  other  sources. 

The   machine    re(|uires   al.out    '.    h.p.. 
dnw.ion   of  the   hands  of  a  watch-    \  ' 

pulley  kryrd  to  the  1 . .p  of  the  eenlnil  colunm  (at  5i,  and  makes  one 
revolution  per  minute.  The  vacuum  i.  on  the  lilter-plate  the  whole 
imie  It  is  immerse.l  wheth.r  in  tli.-  pulp  ,.r  in  the  solution  wash, 
hach  tllter-frame  is  i;{  .seconds  in  tlie  pulp  ifn.m  H'  to  IP) 
seven  .sccon<ls  on  the  elevated  portion  while  p,,ssi,v^  fn„n  the  slime 
to  the  wash  ccmipartmcnt.  ;i()  seconds  passin-  ihrou-li  the  wash 
<t  '  to  (.•',,  seven  seen, Is  hitin-  and  drvin-,  and  tlnve  seconds 
1. lowing'  resi.hie  off  , at  />^.  Durin-  thcpermd  m  which  the 
irame  ,s  passin-  fr,.m  the  pulp  to  ,h..  wasli.  the  vacuum  is  ,,n  lor 
one  ^.-cond  unlv  while  the  fnime  is  risin^r.  and  one  secmdonly 
while  it  is  descending  into  th,  w,-isli,  thus  -ivm-  the  pulp  adherin- 
t"  til,'  underside  ,,f  the  frar.e  at^  air-leachin-  of  tw,,  secon,-'' 
dnrati..n.  This  period  ,,f  lea.hin-  may  he  varied  to  .uit  the  par- 
ticular nature  of  the  slime  under  treatment  or  the  tliickncss  to 
which,  it  has  formed  on  tlidnth.  uhich  is  u.uallv  aho„t  ,'  of  an 
nich.  Tin-  suppiv  o-'  pulp,  wash-solution.  .)r  water'mto  the  annular 
tfouKhs.  (/i'andC'i,  i.  reuulat.d  l^v  means  of  (l,,at-valves  in 
the  reccivmK  ct>mpanments  1^''    an,!    r/'   ■  ti„.  ,„,i,,  ;..    i .• 


es, 


Hid   Is   dfi\-en    dn    the 
a  ()-in.   helt  on  ;t    |_>dn. 


-"-•  A'/-.(  i:.\  r  (  VIA //>/•;  /'AM(  //(/•:. 

scttlin.i,'  h\-  tlif  iT\-..luliuii  ,,r  -mall  ^.-ital-n's  (lri\cii  l>v  a  rope 
l'assHi-4  nuincl  pnllrv-  atta.lir.l  i,,  thru-  -,],in'llrs.  wliirli  imijcct 
through  glands  aii.l  -t  unin,--l.n\rs  in  tin-  lii,tt..in  uf  the  n'.  mcr 
(at  £'  ami  A'' I.  It,-  Uy  nuan-  ni  th.'  ih.at  \al\  c  in  tlir  pulp- 
ivccivrr  ((■;'  I,  tlic  pulp  -upj.ly  is  taken  antntiiatiralK-  innn  the 
pipes  thnniK'h  whit-Ji  the  Ddmr  pn-srs  arr  ,  liar.^cd ,  tlm-.  in  ,,n!ir 
to  compare  tlie  etlieieney  wf  extvaition  l.v  tlie  nuulune  wilii  that 
of  the  i.ressrs,  a  pnrti'.n  ..|  the  -.-neral  pnlp  is  taken  as  eaeli  Dehne 
pri'ss  is  lilleil. 

Frotii  IIS  iM  i.n,-  t,,n  of  wa-h  is  um-.I  per  ton  n\  ,lr\-  slime. 
anil  the  resiihies  w.iitam  1 1'l  .m  l's  t,,  :i:i' ,  mnistiire.  and  fruni  ml 
to  a  traee  <>{  KC\  and  soluMe  i,'old.  The  tonna,i,'e  treated  in  24 
hours  ami  pi  reenta.ije  of  moisture  contained  in  the  residues  \arv 
accjr.lin-  to  the  variations  in  the  pulp.  \\\:h  dean  ijuartz 
slime  of  ,-1  eonsistence  of  from  l_'  to  W  ,  .solid,  and  a  fineness  of 
al.out  !i_"  ,  throu.i;h  a  screen  liaxiiiL;  L'Dl)  holes  jier  linear  inch, 
and  a  \actnitn  of  20  in.,  this  machine  will  treat  .V)  tons  ,.f  dr\- 
blime  ]ier  2  1  hom's.  'eaxin-  a  residual  moisture  of  :;il  per  cent. 

""  •'  ^lay  'iine  the  output  will  decrease  to  2.">  tons  p.-r  2t 
hours,  and  the  sidual  moisture  will  imrease  ;{.")',  .  A  nial  was 
made  on  the  old  h.-nterv  slime,  tlie  ori-inal  assav  xalue  was  7  dwt  , 
the  tjold  in  re-idue  Is  -r..  moisture  in  residue  .■!.")'  ,  ,  soluMc  -old  in 
residue  ml:  tliis  was  treated  at  the  rate  of  2.")  ions  p,--  21  hours. 
ICa.  h  frame  lias  tour  s.piare  Let  of  tilterin-  area  and  al.<.ut 
lis  M|uar.'  y.ird  of  elotli  is  u-ed  to  eoxer  each  frame.  The  life  of 
a  iloth  on  -hme  trom  the  (Ireal  Houldi-r  roasted  ore  is  ahoiit  It 
days,  or  TOO  tons  of  sHme  for  'J  ti  s,|    \d,  of  cloth. 

The  \acuum  pump  has  u  piston  -weep  of  so  eu,  ft,  per  min 
and,  with  a  20-in.  \a,  num.  reijuires  :;].  h  p  The  niadhnc  itself, 
without  the  self-ai  tin.L;  air-com[)ressor,  reipiircs  al.out  l  h  p..  and 
allowin.t;  1  Ilji.  for  the  a.^itators  in  the  pnlp-trou-h 'and  pulp- 
reeeiver,  ,-ind  lor  friction  in  the  connter--h,-ift .  a  total  of  ,",  i,  p. 
is  re(|uircd  to  dri\-e  the  e<|uipnicnt  de-cnli(d. 

As  the  m;i(  liine  is  alisolutely  automatie  in  its  ,ntire  opera- 
tion, no  addition.al  lal.or  is  employed  in  runniiv.,'  it.  Takin.-  into 
consideration  that  this  is  the  first  machine  ma.leof  this  pattern,  the 
rcjiaifs  and  renewals  have  not  heen  ;il>normal. 


////•:  /\7/";ir.i\-  i-iiji-.k. 


■2-2r, 


T!u'  wfirkiiv^  costs  duriiii,'  tln'  last   thri'c  iiionths  Ii.ixl-  hien: 


rilti.r-i.l.iili. 

Hiirsc-]».uir 

Rc'iiairs  and  niuwals 

Tntal   


I'.n.  ,-. 
(I  :i  I'lT  lull 
_•    I 
1    (I 

:r7    " 


It  lias  l.rcii  ini|i(issiliK'  to  sf>4i\'L;atr  the  lalHif  cost  on  tliis 
iiKuliiiU'  (iitlivr  than  thusr  in(lu''iil  in  ripairs  and  reiivwalsi, 
as  (luiiiiL;  tlu'  wliolr  run  anv  sli-hi  att'iiii'in  nrccssarv.  other 
tlian  i;rfasin,L;.  lia>  liccn  prrlnnnrd  i,\-  tiir  shin  Imiss  on  dut\-. 

The  nu'lhod  nf  i  .pc  ratiiii;  thr  nKuhinc  i,  a>  t'lllows:  Tlic 
a.uitators  in  thr  pulp  c  umpartnirnt  i>\  the  animlar  trnn;^!)  arc  tirst 
set  in  niMiion,  l.rin-  ili-i\'-n  indi  pcndcntly  of  1  he  niaihinc;  1  he 
]iuIp-conipartnicnt  i-.  hllcij  tn  nnrnial  Iiac]  with  a'^itatcd  pulp, 
and  the  wash-cninpartincnt  with  wash-SMluti' in  The  \aruuni 
ininip  is  <tartc.l,  and  the  machine  is  <et  in  motion  li\  apphin^,' 
a  tenMMii  pullev  to  the  licit  on  the  imllcy  attached  to  the  tnp  of 
the  eentie  column  of  tin-  machine,  thus  rotatin.i,'  the  centre  column. 
Mhich  imjiarts  the  motion  to  the  tilter-trames  l,v  the  pipo  and 
lc\ers.  cansiuL'^  the  rollers  (  7''  i  supportin'^  the  outer  end  of  the 
level's  trnm  which  the  filter-frames  are  suspended,  to  tra\-el  on 
their  track  iZ>.  As  liie  action  nf  all  the  framo  and  their  connec- 
tions IS  similar,  one  only  need  he  dcscrilied.  Assumin-  that  a 
tramc  has  ju^t  passcil  o\  cr  the  dischartje  chute  and  i-  "ii  the  ele- 
vated portion  of  the  traid<.  it  then  descends  an  in.  hue  on  the 
track  to  the  normal  le\el,  and  the  cloth  on  tiie  underside  of  the 
frame  is  immerse.l  in  tlu-  psilp;  at  the  same  time,  the  L,'old  solution 
\al\-e  lat  U  is  opened  !,y  a  roller  (at  Ti  runnin.L;  up  an  incline 
on  its  track  die  and  -imilarly  to  the  action  of  the  clcNatini,' 
rollers  (at  7'i  on  tlie  traik  lat  /  .  t  h.us  oprniii;^' dircit  e,,micction 
lietw-ci-n  the  liltcr  frame  and  the  \  acuum  which  is  maint.ainei 
in  the  centre  column;  tlu'  \-acuu!n  draws  ik,  li.|uid  throuL;h  the 
t-loih  and  lea\-es  the  solids  adhcrim:  t<i  it.  The  roller  i  7''  i  on 
the  oute'-  <iitl  of  tin-  lexer,  while  continnin,^'  on  tlu'  level  track, 
keeps  the  cloth  snlimerL;ed  till  aiKithcr  incline  is  rc-ached.  uji  which 
it  then  ascends,  liftin-j  the  frame  out  of  ilic  pulp-tron','h ;  on  de- 
s(cndini;  the  incline  a-ain  to  normal  level,  the  frame  is  lowered 
into  the  wash-suhiti,.!!.  Wdun  the  frame  ascemled  from  the  pulp, 
the  '.Mild  siilution  \al\e  closed,  and  as  it  dcsci'iidcd  into  the  wash  so- 
iuiion  tile  wasii  \-ai\c  ojicncl.  causing,'  the  \acuum  to  ,lraw  the  wash 


;J' 


_'_'t; 


RH(  i:.\T  (  )  AMPI:  I  ■KMT  ICE. 


ihrouKh  the  a.llimiv^'  pulp,  which  is  usuallv  ahcut  Ihm•-^•I,^'hths 
"f  an  inrh  thick.      The  franir  ,nnii,uics  in  the  wa^h-tmu^h  durin- 
tlu'  travel  ,,|    lu,lf  thr  .,:•.],,   an,]   ,s  -inn   ra.sc.l   l.v  M,„Ua,-  nican^ 
to  those  already  .les.  ril.e.].   lait    thr   wa^li^valve   is  not    dosed   till 
the  discharge  ehutc  is  reaelied,  thus  all., win-  tin  va>  uuin  t.,  n move, 
l.y  air-dryui-.  some  of  the  moisture  tn-m  liie  eake  of  sliniL  (..mied 
on  the  underside  of  the  cloth.      When  the  diMharjie  chute  is  reached. 
the    wash  valve    closes,  and  the  air-valve  m  connection  with  the 
upper  fi..rti..n    i/^)   ,,f  ,cntral   ...lunin  is  opened,   adniittin-    ,   puff 
-I   c-nipre^s,  d   air.    which   dislod.^^e.  the   cake   fr.-ni   llie   cloth   and 
precipitates  It  nif.  the  dischar-e  chute    i/^M     u„dcr  which  a  dutnp 
truck  )s  i.laccd  t..  re.ei\e  residues       The  cuniprc^M'd  air  rc,|uired 
at   !!»■  tune  oi   ,1„.  diMhar-e  can  l.e  supplied  in  any  usual  wav  ,,r 
by    the   s<  It-contained    arranijeinent    shown    in    the    .Irawin-^   at    C. 


Till':   BITTICRS   l-ILTl-R 

(I'c'hniary  Hi    1MIJ7 

The   K,litnr: 

Sir  111  a  re, in  minilxr  of  t  lir  I'kfss  .  M,-^  Maik  R  Lainh, 
"I  ihr  MmH-rsC.i.,  liasrriliriscla  rnnii.ariv.ii  [  nia^l.  v  of  t  lie  .M-iore 
and  Ihit  UTS  filters  as  ai.|ili,-,l  to  .on,lni,,ns  at  tlir  Lilurty  Hdl  mill. 
.Mr.  Lanili  claims  that  my  i  ompaiison  was  imiust  and  unfair 
to  ill.'  Hiittcrs  i.rorcss.  and  ,i;ors  on  to  say  that  instead  of  the  one  1 
made,  a  comparison  with  the  liiiiiers  installation  for  the  'I'onopah 
.Minim;  Co.  at   .Millers,   .\e\-ada.   would  li.'  in  order 

Since  rcadin,^'  .Mr.  Lanil/s  article  I  have  ..l.tained  additional 
mtormation  covering  the  jioints  raised,  and  m  the  li-ht  of  that  infor- 
mation 1  am  forced  to  .iouht  Mr.  !. ami, 's  data  and  ([iKstion  liiscoii- 
<-lusions  Mr.  Laml.  docs  not  state  spe,  ilieallv  thai  all  of  his  .lata 
arc  from  the  plant  at  .Millers,  l,ut,  as  that  plant  is  one  of  the  latest 
oi  the  Huttcrs  installalions.  it  iircsumaMv  repnsents  the  hcst 
lUitters  practice,  and  it  would  seem  fair  to  examine  Mr.  Lainli's 
^talemeiits  and  eonelusioiis  m  the  liL,dit  of  tacts  pi'rtainini;  to  that 
plant. 

Mr.  K  Chester  Turner,  superintendeiu  t'o.r  the  Tonop.ali 
company,  and  Mr.  .\.  R.  l'ars.,ns,  mill  suju'rintcndent.  have 
kindly  furnislud  me  information  al.out  llu'  Millers  plant,  which  is 
,t,u\-en  helow  in  parallel  column  with  .Mr    Laml/s  staK'tiients: 

I--i"ili.  'rnnur  \    l',crs.  .iis. 

Cap.uuv  .,f  tiltcnn-  vats \,,t  ..^ivm  :)  \MI  ru    ti 

.^i/.c  ..(  tilu-rs_ -,  1,,.   ,1)  ,,  J  ,  ,,    ,,  ,„     ,,^    ,,  ,-.    ,,  ,, 

Auinlior  .if   hlttTS _>ii;  |i,._, 

Tunc  ro.|uir<.-(l  til  transfer  juilti               .     in  niimiles  -.'ri  niinules 

I  imo  rciiuired  til  till  vats  Willi  uater       10  Ml 

I)isehar>,'in^;  cake ,„        >■  xT,'  mven 

Kunnini;  lack  water \,„  ^.veii  ■n 

Running;  in  pulp HI  nnniHcs  -O      - 

.Ma.Ninniin  hei^;ht  of  lift   (lurin.j  trans. 

for   of   pulii    an.l    water,  liv'eentnf- 

".'^■•'1    I'lnnps • Ill  ^.^,1  _,-  ,-,._,f 

It    would   have  seemed   in  order  for  Mr.    Lamh  to  have  made 
sure  of  his  own  .-^mund  ln'fore  attackin.i;  tlu>  statements  I  made. 

*MlNlNr.  AND  SciEMlnc  I'rk^.;,  J.inu.lrv  l.C  H1(I7.  pai;.-  .'.4. 
r..:::;::.'r,  .^n.,  St.i(.,.s  , ,,.,,    i-Kh>>.  ui-ecnihiT  l-i.  liidti.  i>.iv:f  714. 
Jdnt-n  in  I'tTsunal  lottfr  lo  me. 


AV-,(  l-.X  I    (  V.l  Mill:   /'AM(   //(  /•: 


III  ;i  iMf-uial  Irtirr  he  .uliiiits  tile  hi i rtio.  ( ,|  mv  a-.snm;.tiMn, 
that,  with  the  same  sliiiic,  the  l.>a,hiiL;  an  1  washili-  ],rri.uU  ai^l 
the  vacinim  rcrniirr.l.  i1r.,  an  !..•  Ii.^uiv,]  ,ii,.  same  Imi-  1„,iii  pn,. 
ces«s.  !.,  I  it  !,(■  a->iinir.i  thin  lliat  LiIhUx-  Hdl  slinir  is  tn  be 
''•""""'  '">  ■'  I'l'""  I'tii't  "I  the  same  units  as  at  Millers.  '[\tc 
Itvatni.  lit  rycli'  \vi.n!,|  !„■  as    Inllnws; 


'-"•"hn« 

Running  <iut  pulp   .  . 
Kunni-ij;  in  \v:itrr 
Washiiij;  i:il<c  . 
Disili.ir;.;!!!),'  ..... 
Kvinninj;  mit  w.-itcr 
Kunnini.;  in  ;uil;>, 

Tot.il 

Tntal  tiiiK'  111  lyilo    .  .  .  . 

Tutal  nutnhtT  of  ivik's 


fill    inmutt's 

_'i  I 

.'() 

i:il 

I  .•. 

_'(l 

Jll 

-'  1  ."i  miiiiitis 
'■'<  lir,  :!.")  niin. 
'>.7    per  J  I  hr. 


.Mr  I.atiil,  stall's  that  J.IO  leaves  nr  lihefs  like  the  ,,nes  in- 
stalled at  Millei-s  •■winiM  (asilv  hanijie  {he  mill  mitput  il.il.ertv 
Relh  of  ■;.-,(!  tnns  per  ilay."  As  statel  in  mv  previ-nis  artiele 
4:)  ehan^..-^  iif  the  .MiH„-e  liaskets  .are  n,,\v  iiee.-.sar\-  to  handle 
that  t<mna;4e.  |-:aeh  liask.t  has  lie,  filters  si.x  l.v  ei-ht  l.et,  i;ivin- 
a  filterinir  area  nf  ti,;;;;(i  .,,  tt .  per  hask.t.  'with  C,  eh'ai-es'! 
''"■"■  "■'■  """Uhl  havr  L-S.VIKHI  -,,  p  | ,  .  ,,|-  ,,,,|,,,  ,-,„-„„.,l.  TheV).7 
'■-•■'■''"'  '■'  '''''  1^  :tt>-,-s  unit,  under  e.  .nsideratii.n,  would  ,>i.ri--rnt 
.")'.•,.-,(;:;  m|  ft,  ..f  eake  |i,,-med,  as  the  VC,  titters  Iiaw  an  a.'ea  .  .f 
•S-VMt  sip  ft.  T..  handle,  thni.  the  l^ilu/tv  Hell  timnaLte  \v,,uld 
require  1  7', I  ■.  als  ,,f  the  size  at  .Mille,-s.  .„•  ICl)  Iraves  mstead  nf 
the  l'.")l)  thai  .M  .•  L.imli  Mi\,.s  as  a  suriieieiit  munl.e.-,  ..,■  the  ;^:il) 
Moore  leases  now  duin-   the   wiirk. 

.\L'ain  .Mr.  I.atnl.  <tates  that  one  pn.perlv  desi.,^ned  lio.v;  fi.r 
l-'"il(  Butters  lea\es  will  eontaiii  apj.n  .ximatelv  7.111111  eu.  ft  If 
this  is  so,  why  were  n-H  the  MilU'rs  l,o.x.>  prope'rlv  <lesi,L:ned  .^  The 
two  contain  only  l',»L'  leaves  ;,nd  ha\e  a  eapaeitv  of  !(,i:;il  ,„  ft. 
These  two  Iio.xes  li;i\-,  an  a-^n-ate  lilterin-  surlaee  ..f  17,7si)  s.p 
ft.,  whieh  -ives  l).-,l  ru.  ft,  of  1,0.x  prr  siptare  foot  of  filter.  The 
Moore  Ijo.xes  at  the  Liherlv  Bell  have  a  eapaeitv  i,f  :;,l),-,n  ,  u,  ft, 
each,  as  stated  in  a  previous  artiele.  and  one  l,asket  lias  (i,:;:;(i 
sq,  ft,  of  filler  surlaee.  This  -ives  II,  t\  eu,  tt,  ot  1m,x  per  s.pi,  re 
foot  of  filter.  It  would  seem  from  this  that  the  .Moore  boxes 
at  the  Lilierty  IV'll  are  rather  better  design,.,!  for  Butters  process 
work   than   are   the  l.ov,..  i.-stalUd   le-    Mutters;  and   Mr.   Lanil/s 


////■-    Hr  I  I  l:l<^    l-ll.l  h.K. 


229 


riiiiti'iitinn   that    "it    i^  i  r,Mainl\-   iint    lai.-  tu  rrcniirr  the  I,aii.lIinL: 

'■t  the  lai-'^r  i|uailllt\^  kiI"  sli:nri  ninlcl  to  lill  itiir  Liljc-lv  Urlh 
liltiT  \at-,  wlii.h  arc  not  ,!(-,i-ii,-,l  a-^  ii)  llir  :5nttci-s  liltr,-  Imx, 
t"  iDiitain  lianK-  ciiun-li  slinir  \,,  ,(i\c,-  tlu'  K'a\'(s."  rather 
talis  In  thr  ;,'i-inuiil.  'I'htsc  Imixcs  a;i'  nf  tlic  satiic  :,'rnrral  .ir-i\Mi, 
that  is.  ihcy  arc  ivi-taii,i,'ulai-  lioxis  with  I'.ni.pt'.-l.dtt' ims,  ha\in,:j 
a  CiO     slnpo. 

Mi-.  F.aiiili  a'l\(ual<'s  t!ic  use  .it'  . .m-  la.-,-c  liln-r-licix  fd;-  the 
LihcTt\'  Hrlh  iiiMiad  (if  !h.'  uiuis  at  pn-Miit  in  use  f'lr  t  ho  Moore 
process,  aiiii  s.av-,  that  >>nr  '.)-iii.  puiiii)  \vi,iil.l  |.,-.  ihahlv  haiiillc 
tho  pulp  in  10  nimim-.  l-..,-  .a  h.ix  ,  (.mainiii-  _>.")l)  Hiittr.vs  l.a\as, 
thr   rapaiilx-    WouM    he    ll.SdDi'ii,    It.,    il"  il    wn-f  ..f   t  lir  s.am,.  .lesion 

as  till'  lii'Xfs  at  .Millr,-s.  in-iiail  nf  i!ic  7.(1111)  (n.  ft.  'ji\rn  l.v  .Mr. 
Lamb.  Till'  ani'iuiit  'if  pulp  an<l  watf,-  t'l  nio\a'  w.iuM  In'  al..iut 
I. "IK*  ^11.  ft.  l.-s  .ill  atvouni  of  thi'  <lisiilaiV!iU'iU  of  thr  liia^l,'.! 
Iilter.s.  i^'iviiiK  ',i.!MII»  .u.  ft.  i.f  iiiatcn.al  ti.  liaiiillr.  If  w.'  a.,  .'pt 
the  statcnii'iUs  i.f  ]iuiiip  nianulailu,T,-s  .au.l  tla-  capacities  ot 
their  pumps  au-  jin  .hal  ilv  iL.t  uiiile,--e^l  iinat.  .1  a  1.")  in.  ilischar.^'o 
]ninip  wouM  he  ueccssai-y  to  tiiow  this  \-i.luiiic  of  niale.-iil  in 
ten  niinules.  or  a  IJ-in.  pump  ni  L'O  minutes.  If  we  put  liur 
■KiO  leaxt's  in  i.nc  hiix.  a  loin,  pump  wouM  he  necessary  for  tiioxiiiL,' 
the  pulp  in  L'O  min..  ar.il  a  20  in  pump  nci.ssarv  t'i  .lo  it  in  lO 
minutes. 

His  proposition  to  use  a  si.i-K-  larvi'  \-at  alsij  inx'oh'es  the 
I  i'liiliiiiin  of  maximum  -  w:  i'iinsumotion  when'  jiowi-r  is  liiiu'.4ht. 
on   ])!  ak   loail. 

Mr.  I.amli'-  statement  tliat  "as  JS-in.  ptinips  are  re'4ula,-]\- 
useil  til  iransfir  san.l  in  'Ircl-in'^'.  il  is  har'llv  in  onli'r  to  call  a 
!i-in,pump  ■lar-e'  .ir  |. .  con-^iik  r  il  or  its  vaU'es  .lilficull  of  ■  iperati<in" 
scarcely  calls  for  t'omment. 

It  is  sale  to  say  that  where  a  l.S-in,  pump  is  rc^ularlv  used 
tiir  ilreil^niL,'  sau'l.  it  is  not  u,-e,l  iit  connection  with  a  nest  of  4S-in. 
\'al\-es 

Mr.  l.amli  a'-ks  why  a  '.rniN-ity  jilant  coiilil  not  he  ]ilaceil  at 
tin-  Lilierly  iicll.  The  answer  is,  |ov  the  sanu'  reason  pmhahlv 
that  it  w.as  not  installe'l  at  Millers.  ]t  wouM  cost  niorc  tu  cx- 
ca\-atc  for  it  than  it  wouM  he  worth. 

In  a  ])crsonaI  letter,  .Mr.  Ic  !,.  H<iS(pu  has  jjointc!  out  wherein 
my  lormer  artiile  was  seriouslv  incomplete.  li\-  i-iot  <ji\-ine'  I'om- 
})arati\-c  cost  data  for  tilter-repairs  ami  mairiteiiani.e.  for  th-j  \>,\\\- 


230 


A7-:(  /-.A'/    (   WW/ni;    /'AM(   //(  /,. 


t.rs  a„,l    M,„.,v  syst,.,n.       Mr     H,K,|„rs  -riti   ,.„,   i.  ..ntinlv   jus, 
'""M   nn,   .4,v..  tluM.  .lata,  as   I    I,av,.  n-.,   ^„  „    ,1,..,,,^      Slid,  "as  1 
l'^'^'-"n   th.   M„„n.  pnH.ss.  an.   vi„a,oi   I,v,uo   fa,,..rs.   uam.lv 
•^'    '7''';'   ""•   !-'•""    '^■■'-   n,n   s.Avral  -a  ..■]<-,  w,i  l.nut    iv-nn,!,,,. 
••'"''  '!"■  lu-avy  san.l  rapi.lly  .  „.  tlir  hltrr.  to  pnvrs,  a.M  raisol  thr 
costs  matcmlly  for  thr  ]n-nn.\  >.„vrn.,l   l,v  ,1„.  ,la,a   1   hnvr       \, 
tlu.  LilHTty  Holl.  t!u.  t,l„.,-.  a,v  l„.,n^  dtan.,..,!  as  ,-ap,.llv  a.  mav  1,. 
to  a   luilrr  type,   in   part    sim.lar   to  thr  o„,.s  at    H,,/],,     .,„a'  ,,, 
pairs  tnakr  r<ms,.,p,.nt  Iv  a   lar^r   u.n,.      Hxprri,-,,.  ,■  s,v,ns   „.  i„. 
<'>^'atv.    though,    that    fit.rivpairs   arr    Ks.    f,,r   ,1,,.    [5„,,.rs     than 
tor  the  .M(i,,r,-  prorcs-, 

U'llurnif.  January  :!(). 


(•^■.\.\Il).\TI()^•  AT  copALA.  .\n:xic() 

tory.      It    was    pivnarr,!    (,„■    ,h,.    purp,,.,-    ..|    o.iiipannv     .|'ii'l^l>- 


■"1  n  n  r 


^<X/.«  PPdBOXlS 


T-"-T7-l~--?^«.-&Jaiy^Aa^gnf'.. 


'CRECNIfia  T/IHH  ft  «» 
".■JHJ0fM50fl'F/L  rEff'PRCSS 


rrf/ts  EtTiRNAurrmcp  hot-aih ofrER 

Cost  c^^ar^i^jpprtr-j  A^^'t*"- ^ '."*  V^ 


/"/  i'^/AC  /O/vo  mx/ys  Box 


F_naRAun  maud  foncR  BRioucTT/nc/v/iCHi/iE 


! i       I  *lllnFV/tNACCS    /t?300Cf>UCiliLES 

Osit3iT>e/tifyganare*m</y[>e.-oll}t,'''Cr-tf  C^6 


^/^ ca-npc/fsfons  m  ^eit'c^r  currency/ 
^t  Tola/ coj  f  //^  ^/a  carrnfic^  o^  prvc^cai-aa 

^  '^""f.mfmryanajnmii^-tOonBxro.: 

Copala.  OecFi  06 


Fi),'.   L'S. 


costs   at    the   wn-jnus  staL'-<\s   ati:!    .-il-i.-i  t.--.   ,T-.--;r-.i, :....!!..    .< :■.,,.    .;.  . 

present  sxsteni  and  cnipaiv  it  with  ..tluTs  which  have  preccied 


Kl-A   l:.\  I    (    r.l  \ll>l:    l':<  \i    I  l(   /•; 


it.  \'n\  will  iioticr  that  the  aii^l  inatnicin  i,  (ntinl\  'li-.|ii'iiscil 
with,  all  zitu-  shorts  hciiii,'  ri'tunu'l  In  th.  hra.l  m.  ij(,n^  i.f  the  Ikixi-s, 
not  only  art'oidin,';  u^  a  inarknl  >a\iim  in  /in.  rMnsiiiii',;.  Int  also 
Kri'atly  simplifyin.i,'  tlu'  ]inKr>s  and  >a\in-  n>  the  ..ki  (,|  ,u  id. 
extra  filtiT-pri'ss.  a(iil-]iuin]i.  I'tc. 

1'"'  I'l-i  I  ii'it.iii'in  lioxrs  arc  of  ( i.^rl,t  i  nnipariinmls  with 
liottoni-disihar>,'c  valves.  The  slime  is  run  int..  a  s,  rriiiin..,'  tank 
throiitjh  a  Xo.  MOseri'cn.  The  tank  is  tna.lr  in  tw..  . .  .nipartnunts, 
scparal..!  l.y  a  \arti.  al  .livisi.in  ha\  in-  its  ti'ii  -.ix  in.  lu  s  l.tluw 
the  u]>]ier  rim  of  the  tank,  so  that  wlu'n  the  first  .li\isi.,ii  is  full 
the  product  ovcrllows  into  the  scc-ond  (leavin'^',  ..f  curs.',  nearly 
all  the]  >r..  ipitatcs  ni  the  tirst  s.  ,'ti..ni  an.l  is  th.n  punipid  thr.  iu'.,'h 
the  filter-])ress.  M..th  .li\isi,,ns  havt'  l.ottoni  .  ..nn..  i  i.  .iis  i..  ilir 
lilter.  This  arran-.iiunt  allows  the  i  leaniii'.'  ..f  all  tli.'  I...x<'s 
without  int.  rruption.  f>,r,  as  we  very  fr.  .|uint  I\-  '.^.t  ni..i\'  than  a 
lak.'  .it  pRripitat.'  in  tlir.'f  ..f  tlu'  f.mr  l...\.'s  an.l  as  w.'  have  t.i 
ilian  all  <<i  tlu'ni  .l.aih-,  uith..ul  this  .1.  \i,  .■  w.'  w.ul.l  l.i-  .-.  ini|.illi'.l 
t..  cnipt}-  t!u-  tilt.T  Ii.f.  .!•('  wf  I  iiuM  .  ..inpl.t.-  till'  1..  .x.s.  Of  ,■.  nirsc, 
w.'  ..p.n  up  the  siuti.in  |..  tin-  liist  Mvti..n,  whm  we'  arc  na.lv  to 
iiiak.'  .  ak.-. 

'I'll.'  pre.  ipitat.'.  wlii.li  ...ntains  fn.ni  |s  t,,  _'()'^  ni..iMnn'. 
tlien  -..i-s  to  the  .h-\cr  an.l  the  ni..i-tun'  i-  r.'.lu.cl  t.i  .''  ,  .  This 
dryer  (..iiMsts  ..f  an  in.n  <  vlin.l.-r  :!()  ft.  L.n.^  l.v  :;n  m  ili.ani. 
ha\ini,'  an  (xlirnal  tire!,..x.  w  hidi  alL.ws  a  uiiilnrni  ln^aliie.,'. 
A  tar  L'l  fl,  in  li'n'.^ih  ai;.!  lioMiti'^'  six  portal.].'  st,.,l  tra\s.  c.ntain- 
ini;  the  jiri',  ipitatc  is  nin  in  ..n  a  tr.a.  k  th.at  al-..  e'xl-n.ls  a  like 
distan..'  f.utsi.le  the  shell  to  alL.w  easy  lian.lliiiL'  ..f  tlu'  pr.i.luet. 
'Ihere  IS  a  \-iiil  at  the  far  upper  extreniil\-  ..f  the  sh.'ll  to  e.arre  off 
Steam,  lie.,  an.l  tli.-  .luraiiee  is  eL.se.l  with  a  sleeldiiiv^.'.l  .l.ior. 
This  .le\-iee  has,L;i\en  every  satisfaeti..n,  l.ein:^  etfe..ti\  e  an.l  i  .-..noni- 
ical. 

The  precipitate  then  ,L:..es  t..  the  niixiii'.; -1 1.  >x.  wli.'r.'  the  tlux 
ami  l.in.ler  ar.'  t  li..rou,L;hly  ine..ri)oral.s!  .-md  pr.sse.l  int..  l.ri.piet  l.'s, 
whieh  ar.'  then  rea.l\-  for  the  .-m.-iLle.  ()nl\-  the  \.e  :;ill)  eru.i!ik> 
is  use.l.  an.l  a  unit  eharuie  e.insists  .,f  2_>()  II. .  pre.ipilate  with  its 
tlux.  As  the  liri(]uettes  melt  .hiwu  m..r.'  .ar.'  .a.M.'.l,  i.uitil  th..' 
erueil.le  has  iis  l\ill  ehar^c.  'I'lirrc  i..  ii.>  diistiii'^'.  l"..ur  thousand 
thr.'e  hun.ire.l  ..uiiees  are  ri'tine.l  as  a  ehar-e  an.l  f..ur  .■har'^'.s  are 
run  in  the  saiiU'  <Tu.ili!e  wiiliin  se-.eii  an.l  .me  half  h..urs.  Dip 
samples  are  taken. 


(   r  I  \//'  1//.  '\      1  /    ,  ,;/'  1/    ]     .!//■  \7 


f  I  I 


:{:{ 


""'    '"-"I'l'ilniL,.    nia.  iii.u-    ,,    maiuila,  turr,|     \,v    ,|,,.     |.-      \y 
,•""""    ^""'   '^   '■•■■'ll^-   u.rru.h    \    ..„•  ,!„■   ,„annl.„,u,v  ,,t   ..n.-Is' 
^'"""n.M|u,n-,n,.,M..,„l,|„.   ..U.v.'l.v  I  Un  .  „  ,n.,k>  .  a  ,  I.an' 
li-''r<l  rak.-an,|  wiil  haii.llr  al  iM„t   HnH,    ,„,,  |„,„,. 

,  ,  ''"'";  !■ '■-"!■"  ■■'Mm,,  l.MX,..,  sruruuv.  ,a„k,  t,  1,  r,"  ,  Tr.s  and 
:''"'"','""'^'"^"'"""  -•'■  -  I'l--1  a.  ,„  all.nv  a  .,I„|  ,,:„.,,,„. 
"■""■  '''■•'>":n,'  tn  a  .:„all  pun,,,  „car  tl„.  i,l,,.,-.  Ti„.  ..„,„v  ,l,,.,r 
.^.l..>nu,^hIvuaslu.,IuH,  ah,,..  ,...,..„,,„„„  „„|  ,„■  ,,  .„n,,l,. 
'nv-,,as.  ,,„   ,1,.,  .,„,„,,„   ,]„.  ,vat,.r,.  ,„„„,,., 1   ,:„■,  „„1, ",  h,.  ,,,,., 

"";    '■'"'''"'■-^    '-^   ■■'    '"■"!-    ""!■    -IH..'    i.laM.,-    walU   ..x,,-,,,!,,,.    „, 

";"""  ";"'■  ■"' '-^ '"  ""■  "'"■■•■  -iH--  tiuTc  is  a  .,.,„,.,„  >,;i,,, 

llHs     ,„ak..    „    .a-y    „,    ,1,,,.,.,    any   .  a.vl.ssm-ss   in    han^llnw  ,!„• 
Iir,„lu.  t. 

,,       ''''"■  ■''^"'  """-*^'  "f  "">■  ^vl'""  f">vn,an  an.l  Uvr  nat.v.  l,„v. 
'■';■■  '"■  l"-"l"'-"""-'--iv  1^:^':,  .,,  ,l,a,    takm;:   .v.tv.  Inn.,  .nm  .■,,»- 

:;;':,';""•" ' '  ^"■^;  i— >.v,s,.x„vn„.iv i„w.  \v/ha„,ii,. ,.,. 

an  av.,a,,n.  al„,ut  ,h,v..  „,„.„,■,„,,  ,,„t,,„.  ,„.,.  „,^  ,„,,, 

_Althuu,l,  ,1,,.  „,.,i„„,  „  ,■,,,,■,,„„  ,„.^^.    ,  ,1^^^^^  ,1,,,,,  a,-.  ,u-,. 

"••'"■■•■,■  ,.a,u,vs  ,.,„  ,1,.,  aa.  ..na,nlv  n,„  ,n  ^,.„..:-al  us.,  „a,n,.lv 
1       Rm.nnn,.  all  /inr  .1,,,,-t-,  „,  l„,x,..  an,l  thus  ,.n,„-..lv  ,1,.- 
piMism,,'  \vith  aii,!  t  i-.^attmnt  ^ 

1^.      Hr.|u.t„n^   ,„-„,iu.t    u„h    ,]ux    ,n.  u;-,.,„-a,,,l    and   snidt- 
.n^sanu.u„h,.u,   .v  ,1,-vin^  ah,,-  av,.,-a;;..  .V  ,    m,„s,u,v,. 

charge        '"  '"'""f  """"''"""'"  '•"^'■■^''  "--■'•'-    '"^'^in,  unit 
thai-e.  (,t  t<,u,-aii,i  ttw  1 .1):):)^,,;.,  l.anq. 

H,   ,'!''';V"'-'    ''"    '"■'■"•"-"'■'-^^^'"1    .T.-.-ati-,n    r„r    ..n    n,.,n,hs. 

t,  "'"    ^'-  l"--'l"ta...nd,.,x.s.     ,h.n    h.h.lv    kuin,  the 

'   "■'"'  "."  "'I'  '"  '•'  ''^l'>''   '"■    1.^   >"■    and  ah..,-na„n,'  th,s  until 

-«-...n  ,s  half  Hn.d,  an,i  ,.,.dlv  t,,H,,,  .ntnvlv  ...Ut  ca,..;^;;- 
Pla.v.l  I,,„,^.  „nc,  .vc.  hav.  attaui.,!  th.  ,i,.s„v,l  n.sult  Vll  the 
y-uu-   IS   cnsunuMl   an.l   prcripitatiun    is   jHrtVrt 

'  •"■  I'n.iu.ttin.,.  pat-tlv  ,lnes  avvay  u„h  th.  expense  ,.f  calcin- 

"^-  ^"  ''"'"•"■'-^'-'-'1  '"">--',    "wnstun..      Th,.pn,duc"". 

■"  --■>•  nay  sa.n-  ann  deane,-  ,.,  handle  and  there  is  „  ,  spi.ti,:^ 

jn-  dustn..     .,   the  p,.,„,uet   in   the  et-uetl-les.      The  eapaeu v  o;  ih^ 
lattu    is   hkewise  ureatlv  niereas,.,!    „,i1„c.   .i -■    . 


m 


sate 


praetiee  otad.jin-  the  ,lry  ealeined  ik,u-,1. 


>  ^-  1  \        UI  I- 


r  t')  saint'  is  f.Wlowt'd. 


234 


/</■:(  /■:\T  rr.iA //;/•;  /■/< 


\(  I h  I-: 


will.  1 


1.    <  '  I'll    ullcll     til 


loss  liv  dustinj,',  etc       I 


f   |'.i]Hr   1,;il;s   arc   usr.l.   all. 


"s  ninrt'  or  1 


ciblf  without  an\- 


n  the  I  a>c  of 


'rKiii.-itiN  \\( 


Mr.    Edwin    Hurt, 
nin^;   &    Railwav  Co  ,  I, 


^nii,'rr  until  it  is  as  t' 


to    ilic  (  ru- 


iili  as  (Ifsirci 


Ml 


as  It  was  he  who  first 
uwn    tirii|uittini,'-ina(  hmc 


■nntfndcnt    of   cvani. 


ink'    tor    i;i    Or 


Id  .  will  l,.'ar  iiir  oiii  111  all  of   the  ah. 


put  It  into  praituc  in  Mexi 


mintinnf(l  company  also  now  j 


•i    vrry    ini,'cniovis    dc\  it 


in\ciitin>,'  his 
.    t  hi'   above- 


>r  No.  ,-{,  tl 


fu, 


ns  means  It- 


rnni.-tics  all  ot  it-,  product. 


uork  an 


arf,'f  sa\  inj,'  in 


I  shall  tinish  t 

'TV.    tl 


fa.t. 


•  ■ronoiiiual 


y   sayim;   that    the   iiracluc   lurr  i 
'■'luipmrnl   is  ,,,mpl,H'.  and  tin-  ivsults  a 


It     is    h,,prd    tl 


you  st'f   in   this  sh,,rt    sk 
and  I  shall  W  ^W\  to  re 


hat    you    will    maki 


•till   that    111, 


s  \(Ty  satis- 
ri'  ( (Ttai.ily 
use    of    whatc\-fr 


i\'   pro\c   ot    \alur   to  (jth 


"op.'ila.  Sinaloa.   M 


:iU  any  cli-,,  ussion  on  the  suhjert. 
I-Alhll  MK  X.  H.  Hllu 


iM'o.    |anuar\-    12. 


Til 


Mr 


■i:ks  i-ii/ri:R 


The  Kditor: 


Sir: — The   discussi 
filtor-firoccssc'S  has  her 


(March  21,  IflOTi 


oil     ill     rr-;ir.l    to    thu     M 


(Jure 


al 


<iini 


so  to  others  interested 


ii'>st  interestin;,'  to  me 


data  may  he  of  use  t 


111  tlif  treatment  of  si 


itiu\ 


hr   I, 


ti"n  null  ;it   OnMiirM.   Xr\a.l 


o  tile  i.rnt\-ssi<,n:  thrv  n'f.r  |.,  the  t\,inl 


Hut  tors 
.p.t,ahU- 


lina- 


storajjt 


I'lii-   tanks  and   a].]! 


vat- 


tranics.    dui 
:iiim 


tUi 


'r,.!u>  in  use  are  as  follows;     Two  slime 


d  I, 


wash  vairr  vats,   the    filler  h..x    an.l 


'X    I'T    th 


I'    \\a^ 


]'.    '>nv    four  in(  h    Huitrrs 
m.  li    Knv.,di  eentriluual   pnuip. 
'I'll''   pulp   afln-  agitation. 


"I    fi'anu- 


itrifiiijal    sji 


eanvns 

one    \aruuu)- 


)Uni 


>uv    two 


n   o|    ,  \atiidc.   is   dis,! 


ti> 

ft.   diaui     l.v    |_> 

tllc    tlhtTd)(.X 

a   nieelianiial   st 
of   tlu 


\alv(S.  an 

I  '  'ntaiiiiui 


ilpUl'. 


till' 


ft. 


'I    a    loll,,    solu 

inic-stora-i.'  vats   i  lli.G.' 

In.^'h   with   sji.^rhtiy  coniral   hottonis,   ivadv  for 


laf^'i 


int(j   ihr 


>f  thi' 


-r  \al' 


ai'i'  m  U-- 


larli  our 


in-in-   a].parati 


will    rasily   hold    ihiTi-   v] 

is  s|,r,  itii'd  further  on  i 


ronsisttui  c   throu^'hout.      () 


itii   iiaddlcs.   krcpiiu^  the  pul 


t'ontaiuint,' 


lie    \at    ot    thi- 


larj^'es  for  the  hlterd 


eapac  ity 


MIX   (th 


e   size   of  whieh 


lliout    ei''ht    eh 


and  the  tuo  u-^ed  i 


n  eonjiuution  will  IkjI.I 


all   depeudiiu;  ou   the   thiek 


ake   to   he   foruieil. 
rile    stora,t;e-\-ats.    hlter-hox. 


:ness  ot    the  pulp 


ill 


^vasll-water  \at> 


on    the 


and    vaeiiuni 


witli  the  tilter  1. 


'X  is  jilaced    aliout 


le    pump  used  ill  eonneet 


ion 


simplities    the   pi;.in,<;  and   oiierat 


sl.K  teet    lielow  the    X'a 


ts,  w 


hiel 


ineii     eeutrifuL'al 


tion    ot 


;"h 


adaiitt'd  to  the 
lias  <d\i'ii    littl 


hand 


l>uinp    (patented  l.v  .Mr.    Hutt 


ersi   1- 


inj;  of  pulp  eontainin' 


is     four- 
spoeiallv 


least  tro 


trouble    to  the  operat 


■linie  or  tiiu'  sand. 


or    or    nieelia 


Tl 


uMesome  jiuni])  in  the  mill. 


hv  10  ft.  2* 


10  inside  top  measurement 


s  of  the  filter- 


Jn.,  the  sid( 


from  the  discharjre  gate  t 
ity  of  about   TSo 


s  oxtoml  .")  ft.  (H 


nio;  it    is  the 


>x  are  0  ft.  11 J 


o  the  top  is  just  1 1  ft.  7 J  i 


in.  above  the  eone.  and 


cu.   ft.   when  not  eont 


in.,  with  a  eaiiac- 


ainine;  the  frames.     The 


ins,'  surface.     There  ar 


.  eaen  navin.ir  about  <)()  sq.  ft.  of  n\u 
of  these  frames;  six  sets  of  fou-    -• 


r,  and 


••ta 


/</■(  i-\T  (  )\\\;n/-:  i'i<\ci ice 


-1 


nru-  ..t  tliiv.v  Tlu-  |.„ir  traiiirs  ,,tv  cmuvtcl  at  the  l.nttuni  l,v 
J  Ml.  nil.l.rr  li,,sr  wuh  Ihr  um'  ..|  \  ,„  in,,,  ,npi,K-.  a„.l  Ts.  Harh 
S.1  IS  >,m„,vt..l  l,y  j-i„.  ,ru„  ,„,,„i-  f,-,„n  ,1„.  r.„uuTt„.„  ,,„  ,he 
tran.cs  ll„-uu.^.l,  ,1„.  si.lr  .,f  1,1,.,-  l.,,x  „,  ,h,.  „„.,„  ,,„,„■  ,  ,„  thr  „ut- 
'"''"  ''■"'"'■-  '"  ""■  varuun,  pum,,.  h  i.iav  !„■  ,nrnti.„u-.l  h,Tc 
tliat  the  ru„„cvl,n-  , .,  ,i„.  ,Van,rs  i,,  tlu'  va,u.„„  pump  .h,n,l,i  !„■ 
'"  ""■  »"1'-  "1  ■"■'l^i-  t"  lir  >n„vc-n,cni  tc  ,:,•,  at  wlirnrvtr  ,i,vfssa,-v 
Al..,m  :i.-,  t..,,-,  ..I  sl,„„  a,v  t.  „t..l  .lailv  at  this  plant,  invm- 
in-  a  |-,n.  rakr  <m  the  l,hr,-s  w,th  a  .'.'-„,.  va.uum  a,„!  washi,!- 
with  the  sa,„c'an,nu,it  ..fva.„i„„  tu,-|n„„  70  tn  SO  „„nut,-,  with  a 
uvak  snlutinn  ,,f  ,yan,.k.  ,0s  |1,  ,.  „.,„,^,  .,,„,^„  ,,,  „„^^  ,,,■  ^^.,^^,^ 
S'lkitinii   HI   that    time 

Watrr  is  M-aivr  n,  suuthrni   X,  xa.Ja.      If  ..vatrr  .uul.l  \,v  uscl 
•n   th..  wasl„n,^r  ,,,'  ,i,,,  ,,,,,,,,^   ,,,^,   j„,,^,  ^,,„,„„,^,,,   ^^.,,^,,,,  ,^^,   ,^,^^^^_^ 

twu-th,nls  that  rr,,u,,v,l  w„l,  tJU'  u...  .,f  a  cva„i,k'  sohiliun  \lso 
"  "'^'  ^'""''  '""''"  '"■  ^"-^'"^"-1  '■'•  t.vatr,l  „,  ,us,  tu-,>v  as  „u,rh  snlu- 
tioii  as  IS  usr.l  at  piv.r„l.  ,uvfss„atm,L;  Irss  ii,„,.  ,,f  a-itation  a,i,l 
,i;ivin-  thr  sanir  ivsuh     ,l    wnuM   ,v,iui,v  stih  less  time  in   washiii" 

''^''  ;'''^''  '■'"■  -'■"HM,vat,n^  rapantv  is  „,nv  heni^  rnla,-rd 
I'lr  tins  purpose. 

A    tvrnnl    ua.s   k,p,    n,    tlu.   rhaiyrs.     in   r,va,-,l   tu   thr   tn,...  in 
tormina  ,akc.  punipin.^  ,,f  p„lp  ,„  ,  „■  ,,i„  ,„■  p,,^    ,hi.  kiuss  ,,t  cake 
etc.       Ihr   tMll.nvm-   i.    taken    I  n  m,    these   reeu,-,ls    when    the   t.lant 
was    tii-st    installed: 


Filluif;  .,f  I„,x  xMti,  ,„,;,, 

^'_-  ill.  xaeuuiii,  Hhil,.  r.,niiiii;j   j.in.  r,-,ke 

hnipiMii-  1„,.\  «,,||  ,v,„    va.uuin  .m  ,  ,ik,.v 

lumping;  m  Aeak— .IuImii  h,,s|, 

Uashinj.;  uith  w.ak  s.,lai,.,n,    I.Vni.   \  a.  uun 

I'limpii'j,'  h.uk  urak  -mIuIi..!] 

Killing'  with  wa-ili walcr 

Washiii.!,.  Willi  wasli-u.,i,r,  .■Jan.  ■.aemiin 

.Sainplinj;  eakt' 

Dreppiiii,.  eake  wiih  water. 

Kuiinint;  haek  surplus  wal.r 

SluhiH),'. 


.Mniinuini  tune.        .\l.L\iiiuiin  tiiiif 
.Miniii.v,  Minules, 


III 
PI 


Id 
l."> 
l."> 


IS 

17 
lii 
.'id 
Id 
Id 
."ill 
Id 
I  I 
Id 


lotai 


Ids 


Five  tnunths   later   when  earlinnatenf  hn,,.  p.^anie  notieeal.le 
ami  with  inerease,!  anmnnt  nf  slime  in  the   pulp,  the  h-ures   were: 


'////•  Hr iTi:i<>  !-ii:i i-:k. 


237 


i-illins^      

\'ac'iuiin  .    . 

ICini.t\ni;;  Hilh  .!-m.  vaiuuiii  on  cake 

I'miiiniiy  in  i\:i~li 

Washing'  Willi   JJ-in.  \:uiiiini 
Samiilinj,'  cakr      .  .  .    . 

Dnippiny  laki' 

Runnini;  bark  wati  r ■.■  ■ 

Sluicing' 

Total 


Miniiuuin  tin 
Mimii,--. 

IS 


17 

Hi 

70 

7 

14 

\ 


Maxiinuni  lime. 
Minutes. 

20 
25 
20 
18 
80 
10 
15 
10 
7 

20,-) 

Vou  w,l!  „,,ii...  ,|,a,  ,„,,  wasluK  w.  ,v  asc.l  uhn,  tl,..  plant 
was  .H-s,  uKlall..,!,  l,u,  |a;.-  ,,„lv  ,,„,■,  Th,.  rrasun  (or  this  .-hanKo 
was  tin-  uuivasr,!  amnunt  nf  si,,,,,.;  thr  sa ,  ,n..'  of  t„m.-  the 
.  xpnsurr  ,.t  xh,  oakrs  ,],.  s.vn„,l  tin,,  fnr  s,,  1„„^  ,.,,.,,  an-,  ransin^ 
'"'''"'•"■'■^"■'^•"'^■^^■^'^'i-^^-^'t^-'-  "ft.-n  ,on.a„u.,l  as  much  .■vanido 
as  ili.l  t,u'  weak  ^wish  ami  the  see(,n,l  prneess  i^ave  latter  re- 
sults. 

At  first.  wlH.n  the  eanvas  ^.  as  now.  wlnlo  punipini'  the  sur- 
plus in,;,,  ,,„t  ,,r  wash-water  inf.  the  l.n.x  after  the  ,  akes  had 
'"■,'■"  ""-'"-I-  ''  ^■■•"■"un>  of  t,ve  utehes  was  left  on  the  frames 
th,s  l,e,n.o  ,„st  enou^d,  „,  keep  the  rake,,  from  sli,.pm..'  otT  and 
H-t  enuuoh  to  dry  or  eausc.  eraekin.r,  1„„  [  ,-„„„,|  ,,,\^^^.  .a^honate 
"I  lune  l.eoan  to  torn,  on  th.  eanvas  ,and  whe.v  onlv  the  dipping 
<■!  tlu.  t,-an,es  ,n  hydnnhlono  aeid  was  ivsoned  to,  that  hve  inehes 
was  too  ,nueh  vaeuun,  and  eaused  the  eakes  to  drv  and  eraek, 
iiut   three  inehes  p,-o\ed  nio,-o  satisfaetoi-y. 

After  the  ^^asl„nK  of  the  eakes  thev  are  dislod-ed  fn,m  the 
trantes  he  wator  lo,xvd  tVon,  the  ,ns  de.  The  surplus  w.ish-water 
IS  ,-un  l.aek  to  the  sto,a,t,'e-val  l,y  .^M'avitv  and  onlv  that  water 
(1*  tn  ..^  tons,  dep,  ndmo  on  the  amount  of  assoeiated  washed 
shmei  ren,am,no  in  the  eone  of  the  l,ox  ,s  l,,st,  whn.  h  is  neees- 
sary  ,n  shne.n-.  the  slinie  awav  th,-ouol,  an  ,S-in.  cpnek-openmL' 
«ato-valve.  ^ 

Verv    htlle    has    been    said    l,eretof,„v    ahout    the    earhonate 
ot  hme  to,-m,n,,'  on  and  in  the  f,lte,-s.  whieh  ,n  mv  opinion  .s  quite 
a>l  essential  ohstaele  to  he  oot  nd  of.      Although   s.miewhat  simple 
It   IS  a  neeessarv  teatu:e  ,n  the  su,  eessful  operation  of  the  proeess 
and  ,t  eannot  l,e  aeeomphshed  l,v  s.mplv  ,lipp,n^.  th..  frames  i„  a 

'2'  .    solntii>n   of   !!(■]   ..;„,!    ..v-.,  ^  ,,,-... • 

is  used  in  the  millinL',  of  tht 


aiii.Hiril    o,    jinu' 


re.  say  from  7  to  20  Ih 


per  ton.      It 


238 


RF.ChXT  (  )-.\\/I>/-:  I'R.UTICE. 


imist  \,v  ar.omj.lislird  l.y  washin-  with  the  use  .,f  vacuum,  or  any 
cither  moans  tliat  cither  forces  .,r  draws  the  di.solvinj,'  2'  ;  solution 
of  HCl  acid  throuj,'h  each  .ell  of  the  cocoa-niattin,!,'  for  lo  to  45 
mm  ;i  ihis  pro.'css  is  used,  the  frames  will  onlv  have  to  he  sub- 
jected to  the  wash  once  in  three  ,ir  f(,ur  months,  dei)cnding 
"ti  the  amount  of  lime  in  use,  whereas  the  dippin-  operation 
^vould  ha\e  to  lu'  done  at  least  onfe  in  two  (,r  three  weeks  and 
then  it  would  tie  \(,'ry  unsatisfactor\-. 

Although  a  small  formation  of  lime  on  the  filters  does  not 
seem  either  to  interfere  with  the  waslnni,'  of  the  ijoM  from  the 
cake  or  to  diminish  the  net  extraction,  it  ,<;reatlv  [.rol,m-s  the 
oi)eration  and  rt'duces  the  capacity  of  the  plant. 

One  (ul.ic  foot  of  dry  Conihiii.ation  slime  wei-hs  70  11,  or 
thereah.mt,  while  Kil)  11,.  in  water  onlv  occupi.s  <,ne  cubic  foot. 
It  was  f,,und  that  (,ne  s,,uare  foot  from  a  ^in.  c.ke  e.,ntained 
5.0.'j  11,.  drv  slime  and  L>,S' ,  moisture,  so  ■  alculatin-  from  these 
results,  in  formin,i,'a  ^in.  cake  y.,u  -vould  l,e  treatin-  (>.]]  tons  of 
<Iry  slime  per  char-e.  Hut  from  a  lar-er  test  we  tound  that  0.7(1 
tons  were  treatcl  in  formin-  a  ^in.  cak,'.  due  to  the  greater 
thukm'ss  of  th.-  -ake  at   the  l,<,ttom  of  the  frame. 

X"w,  I  think  I  shall  l,e  statin.ir  the  truth  when  Isavthatina 
I'lant  of  this  size  and  desi-n.  when  filters  are  kept  free  from  CaCO,, 
1)V  washin,Lr  for  70  min.  you  can  treat  .V)  tons  of  slime  (1  aving  the 
same  characteristics  as  that  i,ro,luced  in  the  Combination  mill) 
m  every  L>.J  hours,  c(,untiiii,r  all  del.iys,  with  the  use  of  a  l.-)di.p. 
induction  niot<,r  operatin-  two  mechanical  a.ijitators,  one  vacuum' 
pump,  one  J-in,  centrifu-al  slinie-pumi,.  and  three  2-in.  centrif- 
ujjjal  pumjis. 

One  man  jier  shift  (,f  ei-lit  hours  can  easilv  operate  the  valves 
from  a  platf.,rm  near  the  tilterd,ox,  and  have  plentv  (,f  time  for 
other  mill-work. 

The  Hutters-Cassel  pnuess  for  Jilterini;  slime  is  certainly 
a  Rreat  improvement  over  all  other  processes  and  as  an  invention 
it  ranks  with  tlu'  tube-mill  in  importance. 

1'-.  vS.  Pkttis. 
nen\-er.    i"ebruar\-   2S. 


TUBE-MILL  LLXIXG 

(Mareh  :iO,  19()7) 

The  Editor: 

Sir— The  experience  of  Mr.  A.  E.  Drucker,  in  Korea,  as  given 
in  your  issue  of  Xovemher  17,  lOOti.  is  interesting,'.  To  my  mind, 
the  reasons  why  he  obtained  sucli  very  unsatisfactory  results 
in  his  ingenious  experiment  are  the  following: 

1.  His  mill  is  probably  too  light  in  construction,  thus 
allowing  the  lining  to  'work.'  Any  continuous  bonding  move- 
ment in  the  walls  of  his  mill  must  gradually  break  up  his  lining, 
which  is  in  one  continuous  length. 

2.  I  think  it  was  a  mistake  to  make  tb.e  lining  in  two  distinct 
layers  and  to  cover  the  tops  of  the  rails. 

In  reference  to  my  'honeycomb'  linings  which  he  refers  to 
as  'proposed  to  be  used,'  I  can  assure  him  there  is  no  doubt  about 
the  matter,  they  have  actually  been  in  use  for  over  a  vear,  showing 
over  three  times  the  life  of  imported  silex.  Nine  tube-mills 
are  now  running  in  Wailii  with  my  patent  linings. 

By  dividing  uj)  the  spaces,  as  I  do,  the  lining  material  has  not 
the  same  chance  of  working  loose  as  in  the  nu'thod  tried  by  Mr. 
Drucker.  He  is  (piite  right  in  saying  that  no  cement  will  stand 
the  terrific  wear,  but  it  only  wears  to  a  certain  depth,  when  it 
becomes  protected  by  the  (|uartz  jjrojeiting  around  it.  If  Mr. 
Drucker  has  a  foundry  handy  I  am  sure  he  will  find  it  worth  while 
to  try  my  system,  as  his  only  difficulty  seems  to  be  in  holding 
the  (juartz  in  position  and  not  in  the  wearing  ciualitv  of  the  quartz 
lining. 

H.  P.  H.\RKV. 

Waihi  Gold  Mining  Co..  Ltd..  Waihi.  Xew  Zealand,  Feb- 
ruar\-  1. 


ASSAY  OF  CVAXIDK  SOLUTIOXS 

Tiu'  H.lif.r: 

Sir  Will  \(iu  kiii'llv  puMi^ii  the  f<  illowiiit,'  sclu'inc  for  the  assay 
of  cyanide  s<iluti(.ns :  it  is  a  iii.  "lifnati<Hi  ot  Cmssc:  it  is  quick  and 
accut-atc.  decs  awav  with  the  tedious  i'\  aiKiraiiim,  and  chance  of 
loss,  and  the  furnace. 

.Measure  :!()  c  c.  kt'y  i  workini;  solution),  add  siher  nitrate 
solution  used  ordinaiily  in  titfatinu,  until  precipitate  ccasi's  to 
form;  the  ,l;o1(1  is  all  now  ]irccipitated  as  arL,'cnti-auric  evanide. 

Allow  precipitate  to  settle;  decant  tlcar  solution,  then  with 
wash-hottle  transfer  precipitate  into  small  funnel,  usiii.;  thin  paper; 
wash  scMi-al  times  to  uct  precipitate  well  down  into  point  of  paper; 
draw  out  paper  and  cut  otT  just  ahoxc  the  precipitate;  y.]:uv  this 
cone  into  a  hole  vul  in  charcoal.  Mow-pipe,  tlatten.  ]iart,  anneal, 
and   wtii^'h. 

H.    W     CiKND.kH. 

Hallarat.  Cal,,  .March  .V 

[Many  thanks.      .Sui  h  hint>  arc  useful.      Iv.litor  ] 


TIIH  I5UTTI-:RS  filtkr 

(M.ii.  h  .11]    l!l()7i 

'l"lu'    I'Mitcir: 

Sir-  -As  Mr,  Xiitir  sa\s,  in  vdur  issiu'  of  I'rhniarv  Hi,  the 
data  -i\cn  in  my  fnrnui-  rriiicisin  wrvr  n<it  takm  fDin  tlio  plant 
at  Millers,  siiin-  at  tlif  tiiiir  vi  my  \isit  u>  that  ramp,  the  plant  was 
not  in  opi  ration, 

I  am^lad  toLrrt  t  hrdata  sui)i)lie(l  l,v  Mr.  Xnttrr,  and  knowim; 
the  jioss-liilities  ,,t  the  tiller,  I  teel  sure  that  the  results  now  l.ein.i; 
attained  by  Mr.    Parsons  will  >honl\-  \,v  e\en  hettiT, 

.M>-  error  in  re,i,'ard  to  the  nunil.er  ot'  tilter  lea\-es  at  Millers 
was  due  to  tl-.e  tart  that  JKi  lea\(s  were  hilled  to  the  eompany. 
I  pasume  that  it  has  lieen  found  thai  less  ka\es  will  treat  their 
slinie.  I  shouM  p.rhai.s  ha\e  said  that,  'a  plant,  desit,r,ie.l  aeeord- 
iiT^'  to  my  iihas,"  instead  of  "a  properlv  <lrsiane<l  i)lant,"  would 
lie  arran.i^'ed  for  a  ma.xinniin  lift  of  10  ft.  1  enelose  a  traeint,' 
eo\enn,L,' this  point.  The  ,;rw-,;i,t,- lift  is  ,,f  i  ,,urse  nnieh  les  \ar\in'^' 
from  minus  id  to  plus  10  ft.  This  is  Mr.  Bosc|ui's  arran.-ement 
at  the  Comlnnation  mill  at  (;oldli<ld.  \e\ada.  The  aitual  maxi- 
mum lift  varies  from  h.our  to  hour,  dependin.i;  on  the  staire  of  the 
tide  m  the  \arious  tanks  of  pulp,  solution,  and  water.  It  it 
therefore  elear  that  any  eonstrui  ti.  .n  entailiiiLr  a  maximum  lift 
ot  2.")  tt.  will  neeessitate  lavLje  iiumjis  lor  more  time'  and  more 
jiower.  The  traein.^;  sent  \  ou  is  wron-  in  showin.i,'  the  disc 'lar.Lje 
trom  the  pump  to  tlie  wash-solution  tank  as  .yoin.L;  over  the  lop  of 
the  tank.  This  should  lie  eoiineeted  t(.  the  tank  l.ilow  the  l<iw- 
waler  level.  It  will  he  easil\-  seen  I'rom  this  drawim:  that  the 
Ki-eatest  jiossihle  lift  would  or,  ur  in  returnin.L;  puIi  or  solution, 
with  the  storay:e-tanks  full  at  th,  moment  that  the  lilterliox  'eas 
empty.  This  tank  is  10  ft,  hii,'her  than  the  outlet  of  the  tiller  liox, 
and  I  am  unalile  to  see  any  ad\anta,i;e  to  l.e  ,L;aini'd  liv  inereasinj,' 
this  hei,i;ht.  The  5amo  arran,i,'ement  ean  he  applied  to  a  plant  of 
whaisoe\ei'  size. 

As  re.i,'ards  the  euliie  eapaeity  of  the  tilter-hox,  I  must  explain 
that  this  deiiends  u])on  the  spaein.i,'  of  the  leaves,  and  this  spaeing 
dept'uds  uiion  the  ii.iture  e>f  tile  slime  tre.-ite:!  \';  -a:-.  :••.■■•. f. -.-.'. i- 
experiments   are    Nein.s.,'   made   upon    slime    here    in    Cuanajuato   of 


a 

J 


K 
k 


244 


A7-;(7-:.\y  (  r.i.v//^-.  /'A'U  //(/•;. 


\vliirh  a  .akc  11  m.  tliuk  l.,riii>  uuh  a  _'_'  in  \  a,  uuiii  m  HI)  inin. 
This  slmu'  n.voMlatrs  a  ^parin-  <,|  livr  .,r  ,„..,•<•  iiulus  (inst.a.l  nf 
f<>uri.  Til, •  tilt,,-  1m,x  tur  this  slinu'uill  !„■.-,  ft.  II)  „,  fniin  t  h,'  tup 
ol  thf  hh.r-lrav.N  tu  llir  hupprr.  an.l  the  latter  will  l,r  (i  It.  :;  in 
<i>'«-I'.  I  n  prat  that  Inr  .'.-.I)  l.avrs  tnr  shnir  nplinanlv  pn„lu,,.l  ,n 
inillin-,  a   Mntur-,  tilpr  l.ox  shnuhl  not  ,'x,r,.l  7.1)1)1)  ruhir  tr,.t. 

As  iv^-anls  thr  tiinr  an. I  si/r  ,,t  pninp  n,  ,  .sai  v  for  tfaiis- 
fciTin-  pulp  an,]  water,  an.l  takni-  Mr.  Xutt.rs  Ii-uit  of  |,!)|)|) 
(11.  ft  as  thr  ,ll^pla(,■nu■nt  of  thr  ioa.h.l  l,a\cs,  :..  |l)l)  ,i,  ft,  ,,f 
pulp  u,,uM  havr  to  1„.  tranM.rn.l  A  iD.n.  pun.p  ,|  ha\r  no 
•  lata  on  haifl  on  the  rapanly  (if  a  '.)  ni  pumpi  uo„l,|  annally 
Tv,]xmr  -a.-.-onlin-  to  thr  inanuta,  tunr'  7.:.  nun  and  l,",  lip. 
to  lio  this. 

As  iT-ar.ls  liltcr  iTj.air-..  it  i-  har.lh-  puttnii,'  it  Mfon^K-  cnou-h 
(in  virw  of  thr  ta.  t  that  liuttn-s  tilt,r-l,.av,s  Ikin,.  1h.„  ui  op,. ration 
ov,Tt«ov,afs  without  ally  si-US  ot  , l.i eTiorat i( ,n  i  t o  ni.ivl V  sa V  t luit 
fillrr  r,pair>  aiv  ■k^ss-  for  th,'  Huturs  than  tor  the  .M,,or,'  pro,rss. 
One  of  th,.  -ivat  p,.ints  of  sup,'rioritv  of  tlu'  liuttirs  nu'tho,lis 
that  thr  l,.a\,s  han.-  iK^rtrrtly  still,  an.l  aiv  sul.i->  t  t,.  no  strains, 
an'nots,fap,,l  las  ar,' tlu' ■■!Hit,'r  t  vp,' at  Mo,li,.".  or  cvc^n  tou.h,'.] 
for  months  at  a  tinnv 

As  a  i.oini  of  int,-r,-,|,  I  max-  stat,'  that  tlu'  tilt,.r  now  l.cin- 
c-,)nstru,l,'.l  lor  th..  I'm-uiro  mill  of  this  phu-,'.  is  ,|,.si-n,.l  on 
"t,'ra\itv"  liu,-s,  as  illust  ral,-.l  in  vour  i-Miv  of  rcvnt  .lat,-,  an.l  n.,t 
"all  l)nnipui-:"  an.l  m  thiscas,.  i  wlu^iv  t  lu' tiit,-r  is  till, .1  an.l  ,.ni|,ti,',l 
liy  Kni\-ilv.  an.l  thr  pulp  n'turucl  fr..m  a  l..w  sump-tank,  their 
maximum  lift  will  not  ix.ic.l  :ii)  fct. 

I  must  not  !„■  susp,vt,-.l  ,,f  h.-in-  .•on\in<-,-.l  of  th,'  m,-rits 
of  th,'  Hull,  rs  lilt,  r  ,  .n  a,,ount  of  \,c\u'^  inU'ivste.l  m  its  su,,vss  - 
rath,T  th..  ...ntrary.  liavm.u  lK,,,nu'  inU'r.'st.'.l  after  o.nvietion  as 
to  its  ni.iits. 

Mark    R    Lamh. 
("■uanajualo,  .M,  .\ieo.  Mar,  h  ti. 

IHaMUL:  l.ivn  fas-.iiv.l  Lv  Mr.  [,ainl.  with  a  ,'.,pv  ,,f  th,'  for,'- 
U<.in,L;,.,ntnhnii,,n.  Mr.  i:.  1!  XutU'r  u  rit,s  t.,  sav  that  ■■!  h,.  tilters 
at  l?...li,'  ha\,'  n,,t  lain,  an.l  ar,'  n.,t,  s,rap,-.l  in  onl.-r  to  ,k'an 
off  th,.  ,ak,'  Th,.  .lis,.har-,.  is  a,-,',.mplisli,.,l  rntireh"  l,v  l.L.win-^r 
tlle  lak.'  ..If  with  ,...mpress,.,i  air.  as  stat,'.l  l.v  Mr.  R.  Cilmai"^ 
Hn.'wn  in  an  ,.arli,.r  arti,'!,'."      I'Mitor.] 


PAXS  V.  TL-HK  MILLS 


lAi.ni  i;.  Mm;, 
The    KWitcir: 

Sir  With  rcfcrciH  (  tn  the  discussions  that  have  appcan'd 
in  thf  .MiMN(,  AM>  SciKNTiric  I'kkss  reuanlin.i,'  tlic  rciativf  merits 
<>t  j.ans  and  tul>c  mills  as  sHmiiiL,'  tiiaihincs,  it  mav  hi'  of  inttTcst 
to  [uil.Hsh  the  R-snhs  o!"  soiin'  tests  earned  out  at  the  Dolores  mill, 
in  Chihuahua,   .Me.\ieo, 

In  test  Xo,  I,  the  ore  was  crushed  with  cvanide  solution  l.y 
1.')  stamps,  wei-hint;  '.(1)1)  11,.,  throui,di  a  L'-mesii  screen,  the  pu\], 
passin.t,'  to  the  two  Mryan  mills  with  (lO-mesh  scri'eiis,  then  to  four 
pans  in  scries,  thence  thniu<,di  two  settlers,  and  tinallv  throu,i,'h 
two  eone-classitiers,  '!"he  o\crtlow  from  the  classituTS  went  to 
the  a,L;itation  i.lant,  and  the  underflow  was  returned  to  the  tuhe- 
mill  for  re-rindin-,  the  re--round  product  joinini,'  the  stream 
from  the  settlers  at  the  head  of  the  loncs. 

In  test  No.  2,  the  pulp  from  the  Hryaiis  jiassed  directly  to 
the  tuhe-mill,  thence  to  the  lones,  the  <.verllow  ,is  hefore  to  the 
agitation  plant,  the  underflow  hcin;,,'  ix'turned  p.  the  head  of  the 
l>an  series,  thence  throu.i^h  settlers  to  lones  as  l.eforc. 

In  l,(.th  tests  samples  were  taken  e\ery  hour,  ovit  periods 
of  twelve  hours,  from  the  heads  (,f  the  tuhe-mill  and  heads  of  [,ans, 
and  also  frf.m  the  dischar-e  ,,f  satne.  The  hulk  I'J  hour  samples 
was  determine. 1  from  the  prop(,rtion  of  sand  and  slime  in  each 
sample,  the  dilTerence  in  slinn'  content  hetween  hcadinj,,'  and  tailinj; 
bein,<;  taken  as  the  slimin.t;  jxiwer  of  eaih  machine. 

The  followin,-:  are  the  results  ohtaimd.  from  the  avera,t,'e 
of  li\-e  samples: 

Ti;sT    .\(),  1. 

Pen  ciila.ue 
ot    sliiiu'. 

Tuhi-niill  liciulmi; ,s    .'||       p-m  luMdm 

lailiti.^ 12   (i) 


I  ircetitatjc 
111'  slimc 

I  I    ll_' 

tailing    ,').'.  .Vl 


Slinieil  liy  tul,e  luiil :( I    1  1        H\    p.ms 


1 1    .-,  J 


TICST    .\(),  2. 


Perecnta^;e 
of  sliinc. 

Tul)c-nii!l  luailint; |    (;(; 

'.liliiiL; 1)    (is 


I'an    luailitli,' 
t.iiliiiL;  ,  . 


SHiiud  liy  lulK-iiiill :!!»    t2       liy  pans 


Pen  i-iua.ije 
lit   slime, 

.  .  .  .      7  -M) 
.  .  .  .     .",1    ,SN 

44 .  r>2 


-^''  A7-.(/-.V/    (  r.l.V//-'/-.   /'A'.K   //(/■:. 

T;ikiiiK'    an    avcravjo    ..f    l„;th    tfsts,    to   l.rinK'   the   marhincs 
under   the  same  ronditidns,  ^ivvs  the   lollowmi,'  n-sult  : 

IVri'cnt,ij;c  shnicl  l.v  tu!.i--niill .„.   .^^ 

'  ''■'"■' '■'.'.'.'..'..:. ■    \.l  02 

'"  f^'^'"-"tl'^'"- r,m 

Tlir  pans  us..,l  arc  .,f  tlu'  Wlirclcr  tyi.c.  with  plain  Hat  nuiller 
and  ,iirs;  tliev  have  a  dianicttr  of  live  ivvt.  Thr  spool  is  (m  ri'V. 
per  iilinutr.  ■!■'„.  power  rr<,uirol  to  drive  the  four  pans  is  .-,(»  h.p. 
The  tuhe-nii  is  a  machine  si)ecially  constructed  l.y  Allis- 
Chalniers,  nia.ie  in  sections  for  nuiU>  transport,  and  I'l.elieve 
is  one  of  the  (irst.  if  not  the  first.  s,rtional  tuhe-niill  made  It  has 
a  length  inside  of  JOi  ft.  I,v  ;)  ft.  (1  i„.  ,iiam..  and  runs  at  a  speed 
of  :?-,  revolutions  It  is  lined  with  white  iron.  an<l  carries  a  load 
of  4i  tons  of  Hint  pehMes.  The  power  re<iuire,l  to  drive  it  is  20 
hor.se-power. 

Although  tile  above  tests  showe.l  a  small  iiiarKin  in  favor 
of  the  pan  for  sliming,  yet  when  the  qu.'stion  of  power  and  cost 
are  consi,lered  the  tube-mill  is  un.loubtedlv  the  more  economical 
machine.  The  wear  an,l  tear  in  the  case  of  the  pans  is  consider- 
ably more  than  that  of  the  tube-mill,  and  the  ditference  in  power 
required  for  driving,  by  itself  wouM  more  than  minimize  any 
advantage  the  i)ans  have  in  sliming  cai)acity. 

Robert  Cl.\hke. 
Dolores,   Februarv  17. 


THE  TREATMHXT  OV  DESERT  ()RF':s 

(AiTil  ^M     !',H17' 

The    I-Mitnr: 

Sir-  RtltTiin;^  tu  Mr.  IJoscjui's  rh cm  ;irti>  Ic  on  tins  subject, 
althouj,'!)  in  the  lypiral  oxidizd  |,'<)1.1  civ  <,(  the  doscrt  rc^'ions 
of  Xcvada  and  California  the  ),'(,lil  is  free,  it  is  so  cxtrcnu'ly  fine 
and  (laky  that  it  dues  not  nailily  uinal),'aniato.  hut  only  yields  a 
comparatively  small  percenta^'c,  and  treatment  \,y  cyanide  is 
necessary.  The  present  fashion  of  puttinj.;  in  staniii-milis  and 
amalK'aniatins,'  arran^,'rments  followed  l,y  a  cyanide  annex  evi- 
dently is  due  solely  to  the  "compelling,'  [rower  of  custom,"  and 
not  to  anv  proof  that  this  is  the  best  method  of  trcatin.i,'  such  ores. 
To  me  this  looks  like  attt  ii.ptinf,'  to  make  the  ore  suit  the  iiro- 
ccss,  instead  of  suitint;  the  process  to  the  ore. 

The  wet  crushin.c;  followed  by  lyanidation  does  not  allow 
the  treatment  by  either  anialL;amation  or  cvanide  to  be 
done  under  the  best  conditions.  It  often  happens,  especially 
when  inside  anial^'amatin.i,'  plates  are  used,  that  jjarticles  of  amal- 
gam become  detached  an<l  are  carried  with  the  [.ulp  to  the  leach- 
ing vats.  The  gold  in  this  amal.gam  is  not  completelv  recovered 
in  the  cyanide  treatment,  because  its  solution  is  verv  slow  indeed. 
In  fact,  in  practice  none  of  it  is  got.  It  can  only  be  recovered 
after  the  tailing  has  been  alloweil  to  weather  it>r  a  sutlicient  time 
to  oxidize  all  the  meruiry  to  mercuric  oxide  -this  and  the  gold 
being  readil\-  soluble. 

Further,  the  sand  and  slime  are  received  in  the  c\-anide  (!■  i)art- 
nient  in  the  worst  possible  condition  for  treatment,  as  they  con- 
tain a  large  excess  of  moisture  which  has  to  be  displaceil  by  cyanide 
solution.  This  occasions  a  mechanical  loss  of  cvanide  and  the 
dissolution  of  the  gold  is  much  slower  than  if  the  material  had  been 
dry  when  brought  in  contact  with  the  cyanide  solution. 

Many  of  these  ores  also  contain  large  amounts  of  hvdratcd 
silicate  minerals,  such  as  clay  and  talc,  which  have  the  property 
of  becoming  plastic  when  worke<i  with  water,  yielding  slime 
which  is  dit'ticult  (and  requiring  an  expensive  equipment)  to  treat. 

fin      +Ur»      i-.flT,i».      U„«.J      ;„      *!,.,        1 -1.!..  1-  .  •    t  .    _    . 

'     '■-    '--■"-     ':;_•,-;:  ur,:;:;;;,;     :;i;;-"Cl  cyaTtl^'lC    rnCtnoG, 

the  material  is  got  in  the  best  condition  for  treatment  bv  cvanide. 


248 


A7-(  i:\  I  (  \  wini;  /7vi(  //(  /•:. 


As  all  the  Hitrf-titMl  s|,,i,rs  antillcl  with  air.  tlic  t-xtnutiiin  of 
tlic  L,".M  IS  rapnl  In  tli.'  .'-a  in-  also,  tiir  li\  .Itati-.l  mI,,  atr  nimcr- 
aU  ar.'  ,1,  liN^lialrd  aii.l  lose  the  i.r..|irrt\-  nt  lici mnin-  plastic; 
tlnTdMiT  til-  siihs,,nuin  i.acl'iiiL;  is  nun  li  innrc  rlu-a|il\  aii'l  ctli- 
'"■'1'I.^'  '1'""'  I-uithcr,  It  the  n\v  ,<intains  •j,,\,\  u,n  ,.,ars,-  \n  ],c 
ilissciKr.j  in  tlu  tnnr  ..l  trraliiunl  allouaM.  the  tailin-  ,  an  tn- 
fa-^iK  passnl  ip\ ,  r  s,  ,ni,-  aiiial'janialini;  .lr\  i,  ,  an.l  t !],'  u,  ,|,1  -!ia',  in" 
lu-rn  ,  Icani'.l  l.\    the  ivaiii.jci   will  ainal-ainalc    nailil\- 

The  nscnt  sta!n|i  nulNi  rusliiiiL,'  m  .  \  aimlr  schnicn  niav  he 
satisfactnrv  in  ili,-  ,  as,-  ,,i  liaiM  ,  lean  cms,  |,;ii  with  sett  ..\i.li/C(i 
ons,  (iry-rnisliinu'  is  iin.l.  .ui.lc^ll\  ilir  l.rst,  Tlif  ((,st  ..t  insiallatir,n 
of  a  .lr\  rnisliin-  .Imi  t  (  \  anidr  |.lant  is  1,  ss  tlian  that  ..|  a  stamp- 
mill  and  lyani.l.'  annrx  aii'l  uill  l.r  loun.l  t^  \  i.M  a  hiL;li(  r  [.mlit 
in  the  inai(int\-  (if  rasr<.  As  the  niainrity  of  thrsr  ,,xi,li/a.,l 
ores  ^ivc  a  praitirally  ,o,npl,t,.  rxt  ra.  ti.  .n  \,y  ,lir,.^t  i  \ani(ic 
trcatiiK'tit.  what  is  tlif  a.l\anta-i  ..f  usm-  |„,th  atiial-aniati.-n 
an(]  ryani.jr  to  fccoNCf  tlu-  sann-  \ahu-  '{"he  fitiio\  al  of  a  portion 
of  iho  t,'oM  as  aiiiah^^Miii  dors  not  it. line  tlir  cost  ,,(  ,  \ani.linL'  the 
material  ajcprn  iaMv,  The-  c  c  .nsniuption  of  ryanidc  dur  to  the 
K"ld    lontrnt    is    llr<,;lii;il.lc. 

In  many  (  a-rs  these  surfaee  d.  scrt  ores  are  jKirous.  so  that  \  erv 
fine  enishini:  is  not  needed  and  a  straiirlit  leaehiii.;  plant  <  an  he 
installed  at  a  mn-h  smaller  eost  than  a  stami.-mill  and  eyaniile 
annex  ot  the  same  eapaeit>-.  Tlu-se  oxidized  surfaee  oits  are 
called  •■free  milling.'."  i-videiitly  ju-t  l,c,  .■uisc  they  sliow  fre.-  ,i,'old 
on  pannin-.  This  is  not  eorreet.  A  "free  millin-  on  '.one  that 
yields  a  lanre  ].roportion  of  its  p.Id  to  plait!  stamp-mill  amal^a- 
matioii.  In  no  instance  will  tl;-  -e  ■fre.  '  dcs,rt  ores  \-ield  any 
larije  proportion  of  th.iryold  t.i  amalt;amation  hut  in  the  niajority 
of  cases  the  ^'old  is  eompleiel\  soluKle  in  e\anide. 

HiCKTkAM   Hint. 
San  I'ratieisco,  Ajiril   17.  llWKi. 


SLIMl'    I-II.TI-RS 

\I  ,      1     I'.n7 

Tlic  IMiinr: 

^i:  I  li.ivc  na'l  with  .i,'rfat  interest  the  mntrihtitiMiis  t"  vmr 
iiiliiinns  M'^ar.liiii,'  re  ( cut  ile\  el'ipiuents  in  •clinic  tillefiiiL;  The 
n\ah-\-  i.f  the  ailherent-.  n\  the  \\\n  most  pruinimiit  •.•, -teIIl^  ..f 
\aeuuiii  lilterinu  shouM  tcii.l  to  im|.rn\e  the  pr;eli.  .-,  I,nt  I  a\e 
watrhi'il  in  \aiii  \<<v  a  (  iinii,aris.  m  <  ,t  the  i.-nh^  attaiiiel  h-rc 
with  those  i-e|H,ite.l  Mf  the  k!^h,;ua\  liMer  at  liie  Cin-at  HMuMer 
mine. 

Til'  iinestiiin  at  issue  heiwrin  the  Rntters-Casml  an^l  MuMre 
a.lhiTeiits  seems  t'l  he  as  t,,  u  hethef  it  is  more  eeiinninn  al  to  install 
and  c.pevale  a  phiiit  'U'siLiiie.l  tn  transfer  s.phitioiis  fi  si,,i  f  .narv 
hhers  ipi'  t'l  transjer  the  lihers  laii'l  ehari^ei  to  ami  t'r.mi  '.'n-  s.,hi- 
tmn.  As  there  see-iis  tn  he  htth'  esiijellee  tu  sU|i|Mirt  tile  elailD^; 
iif  Slip,  i-i.iritv  in  ih-  matter  n\  altenihiinc  i.r  sjn-ed  .,i  .h  p.isU 
an.l  washin;,'  thi'  cake,  in  the  same  slmie.  the  .hsiiissicn  mi-ht  tie 
sai'l  t'l  he  narniweil  t<i  the  e(imparati\e  eust  per  t'ln-eapaeit v 
n|  a  iihml  (if  each  tx-j.e  eapahK-  uf  e.  .mluetiii-  the  remamin-  "pera- 
linns,  transferrin'^  ami  ilisehariiiiiL,'.  in  a  li\eil  tinii'  witli  the  (|iies- 
tidii  nt  enniparati\e  mainteiianee  ensts  as  a  furtiier  il'  ' .  rnnniiiL,' 
taetnr  Are  there  not  ipiesiidns  of  nio'e  \  ilal  importance  to  the 
.le\  elopniellt  of  t  lu'  art  ' 

Juii.uiti.L;  from  iiuhlisheii  reports  on  Moore  an.l  Hutters-Cassi'l 
installatiot  s,  it  a). pears  that  .")(l  scp  ft.  of  tiller-area  jier  ton  of 
sh'me  olr\-  weight  i  treated  in  L' I  hours  is  will  l.elow  the  a\-erai,'e 
rc(|uireil.  The  Ki(!i,-\vay  hlter,  with  a  total  etVeetive  tilter-aiea 
of  .')(»  s(p  ft,,  is  re]iorte.l  to  ha\e  a  eapaeitx'  of  from  L'.')  to  ,-,()  i,,ns 
lier  _M  hours,  \aryine  with  the  eliaraiter  of  the  slime,  o,-  ,,ne  to 
two  square  feet  ]«.'V  ton  of  slimt'  ireateil.  This  eompanson  is 
ratlier  startlin,i;  ami  su,L,',L;ests  the  neeessity  of  a  careful  examina- 
tion <it  till'  fundamental  elements  of  the  two  plans  cjf  operation. 
No  eoiueivatile  dill'erenee  in  slii:ic-s  eould  aeeouiit  for  sueli  a  wide 
diverj^'cnte  oi  results. 

In   the   American    praetiee   a   eake    three-fourths   to   one   incli 


I  .,      *  1.  T^  •     1 


tlii'-k  is  fcirme.t  on  i,..,-;,/.,-,,!,;..,,].,^  ..... 

machine  a  eake  frum  three-sixteenths  to  thrce-eiKhths  of  an  inch 


50 


Kl-X  EX  T  CYA  MDE   !'R.  \  ( ' T/CE. 


is  formed  and  suspondrd  on  ;i  horizonial  liittT-rloth.  The  vacuum 
api>lifd  is  alhiut  tln'  sanu',  Init  whik'  tlv'  cake  is  formed  in  l.'J  sec. 
in  the  Ridj;\vay  machine,  from  :{()  to  tiO  min.  is  recjuired  in  the 
American  ])lant.  From  the  nature  of  the  ojicration  it  is  evident 
that  tlie  rate  o*'  accumuhition  of  sHme  heconies  slower  as  the  thick- 
ness ot  tile  cake-  incH'ases,  Tin-  tirst  one-ei,i,'hth  inch  is  deposited 
in  a  much  shorter  perio.j  than  tlu'  last  eiijhth.  It  is  improbable 
that  the  Anicricaii  lilters  accumulate  from  threc-sixte'cnths  to  three- 
riK'hths  of  an  inch  of  c-.ke  in  the  first  K!  sec.,  but  the  lon^  time 
requiieci  for  transfers  makes  a  thick  cake  a  nccessarv  e\il. 

The  \-cry  rajjid  accumulation  of  the  Ridj,'\va\-  filters  must  be 
due  to  elementary  difference's  that  would  not  appear  of  such  import- 
ame.  Is  it  the  dilfcrcno'  in  the  filtering'  medium  or  the  position 
of  the  lilii'r'  It  siTins  likely  that  filteT-eloth  is  so  mucli  loss 
e.i-ily  cloL^j^'ci  than  c;in\as.  that  the  main  difference  in  results 
is  accounte<i  for  by  this  structural  difference  aloiuc 

The  results  of  obseTvatioiis  on  the'  r  e  of  aciuimilatie)n  of 
the  proi.;re-s>i\c  hive'rs  (jf  the  eake-.  the'  effe'et  of  i)e)sitie)n.  horizon- 
tally suspcnde'd  e>r  ve'rti'cd.  the  rates  of  aceumulation  on  canvas 
and  tilter-eloth,  .iiid  the'  durability  of  tilte'r-clolh  in  horizontal 
and  \e'rtical  iiositioiis,  would  be  of  -re'al  assistanee'  in  improvinK 
e)ur  jiraitice.  I'ro.i,'re'ss  is  in  t he  ilire'ction  of  a  eeimiiact  auteimatic 
phnt  that  eaii  be  installed  ami  maintaine'd  cheaplv.  Th-'  last 
•Aorei  has  not  beeni  spoken  in  the'  iie'id  i>f  \-ae'uuni  tilte'riiiL,'. 

J    R.  H1.AK1;. 

Searehli^'ht.  Xevada.  April  S, 


ASSAY  OF  CVAXIDE  SOLUTIONS 

iMay  4,  \<M)7) 

Thu  E<lit()r: 

Sir- I  liavi'  notiri'il  in  the  Press  of  March  .'50,  Mr,  Gcn<lar's 
srlicmi'  for  the  assay  of  t'vaiiide  solutions. 

I  would  call  the  attention  of  those  interested  to  the  follo\vin<j 
well  known  method,  which,  for  rapid  work  and  accurate  results, 
will,  1  think,  Le  found  t<j  compare  fa\-oral)lv  with  anv. 

Measure,  accordin;,'  to  ^rade  of  solution,  a  convenient  quantity 
of  KCy  (workins,'  solutioni,  add  concentrated  sulphuric  acid  to 
excess;  let  stand  two  minutes,  tlun  add  from  one-half  to  one 
>.'ram  of  cement  copjier  and  boil  unti'  the  solution  takes  on  a  blue 
or  grecnish-b  .;e  color,  j  .)ur  onto  er-paper  in  funnel,  wash 
twice  with  boilin;,'  water;  dry  the  rtlter-paper  containin.i,'  the  jirecipi- 
tate  in  -y  bath  or  otherwise;  i\u\  filter-paper  and  precii)itate  in 
assay-crucible,  or,  scorify,  cupel,  part,  and  weii,'h. 

Dorc.LAs  MuiR. 

(juanajuato,  Mexico.  April  S. 


SLIMI-:  FILTKRIXG 

'M.iy  II     10117 

Tiir    Ivlitiir: 

Sir  StfiiiLT  the  ncicssity  tur  a  cMntinudiis  filtn  in  tonncc- 
tiMii  «itli  t!h  clinic  tn-atni<nt  .-f  silv.r  (,r.s.  an.l  n,,i  fin,iint,r  anv 
TvUnucv  in  y.,ui-  \aluaI.lo  juunia;,  I  wish  tu  call  v..ur  attrntioii 
an,l  that  nf  s,,„k'  invntnr.  with  nuans  u,  jHTtrct  tlu'  i.joa,  to 
the  liltrnn.4  hv  rrnin!n-al  tone  as  ,n  thr  su-ar  niills,  with  the 
'IilKiviuv  ot  raiMii-  an.l  .lis,  haann,';  lli..  rakr  ,.\ht  thr  nm  hy 
tixr.l  s.raiHTs.  the  ,akr  f.  tail  int.)  a  s,,.,n,l  .ontrilu.^'al  niarhinr 
l'H..w  tlir  lirM.  whnv  It  is  washr.l  an.l  (ilt.Tr.l  with  weak  s,,luti.*n 
t.i  he  tinally  .lisrhafi,'.'.!  with  watrr. 

.\hh.,ii.J)  i..nvin.v.l  that  tlu'  ww  alert  invent. .r  has  this 
I'lea  near  pra.tieal  perfe,  ti< .n.  it  w..ul.l  he  p.Thaps  a  henetlt  t., 
tlie  nnnin-  in.lustrv  t,,  have  it  w,,rke,|  ..ut  with.mt  patent,  an.l 
t..r  till,  reas.m  my  in^nuati.m  in  easr  n.,l,.,.lv  sh,,ul,l  have  taken 
one   .111    this   nn'th.iih 

ri.'ase    use   this   t..   tlu'    hest    ..f   y.uir    )u.l._Mn,nt    with. nit    anv 


name. 


Mazatlan.  Mexie...  April    I: 


Ol.l)       SlHsi  klHl-K. 


C'VAXIDE  PRAtTIfK  AT  THE  WAIHI 

i.M.iy    I  1      111(17 

Thr    Hditnr: 

Sir  In  yi.ur  is-;uc  of  DccfinlKT  l.V  IIIIMI  undrr  tlic  lu'ailini,^ 
'I'mi^nss  m  Cy.iniilati.'n.'  the  statcnu'iit  is  m:u\v  that  "at  the 
Wailii.  trratiiiL;  J."). (10(1  tmis  i>cr  iiiunth,  it  R'ciuiivs  seNrii  men 
iMntiiuKiUsly  ti>  I  lean  tlic  l».xcs,  usiiii;  ziiio  shasiii'^'." 

1  his  statc!iU'iit  is  a]it  t"  iMjnwv  a  wrcmi,'  impnssion,  the 
piKiii,,!!  luiiii,'  that  these  mm  not  onl\-  ilean  the  lj<..\es  weokiy 
at  three  separate  plants  eyanidiiit,'  a  total  of  l'7,(l(l()  tons  per 
month,  liut  also  ,!,,  all  work  eonneete(l  with  the  aeid  treatment 
and  smeltm-  iweeklv.  of  the  zini'uoM  f,lime,  amountmi,'  to  about 
tive  tons  .lr\-  weii^rht  per  month,  and  produeinq;  over  10!). (10(1  ounces 
of  liullii  in. 


Wailn.  .\e\\     Zealand,  Mareh  lo. 


i:.  ('.    liwKs. 


mi:talllr(5ral  dhvelopmkxt  at 

(iUAXAJUATO 

HV    T.   A.    RiCKAKI) 

.\la\    IS    I««l7i 

It  is  wnrlli  wliilr  lu  tril  llu'  sKii'y  (It  the  iiutalkii-^'u-al  ,i(\clnp. 
nu'Tit  at  the  Sinna  mill.  :r.(irr  properly  iianicl  La  ILuicudd  S^it 
I'raihis,,'  ■/(•  I'dslita.  Tlic  siurcssor  to  the  oM  /7,///i>  was  a  mill 
.Tcitr.l  ill  ISdO;  it  tdntainr.l  21)  stamps,  each  \vii,L;hin,>,'  l.L'oO  11,. 
Tlu'  ore  lirst  passed  tlirouj,'h  a  !)  1,\-  I.",  in.  Hlake  crusher  and  was 
then  reduced  to  •Jl)-mesh  hy  the  stamps,  from  which  it  passed 
to  six  Hoss  rapid-.ijrindin.;  pans.  Mere  it  was  re-<,'round.  so  that 
all  sa\e  ,'>  to  10'  ,  i>asscd  an  M)-mesh  sere,  n;  and  then  it  descended 
to  12  more  pans  and  six  settlers.  I"rom  these  the  pulp  went  to 
li\e  Wiilley  tallies.  The  capacity  of  tile  null  was  1. .")()!)  to  I. SOU 
tons  per    month.      The    product    was    ainal.ijam    and    concentrate. 

The  pans  extracted  ti.")'  ,  of  the  asF:iy-value  ,.nd  the  com-entrate 
contained  12',  more.  This  was  on  the  oxidize<l  ore.  Althouj,di  the 
concentrate  contained  2  kilo,  or  (14  2  i>7..  silver,  it  l>arely  paid 
to  send  It  to  market  under  the  smelter  conditions  tlien  existing 
in  that  part  of  Mexico.  However,  another  factor  came  into  play; 
as  the  lower  working's  were  opened  up.  the  percenta.tje  of  recovery 
by  amals'.'^niation  fell  olT  until  it  was  only  til)';.  Concurrently, 
the  consumption  of  mercury  and  eoi)per  sulphate  in  the  pans 
increased,  while  the  coneemrate  hecanie  richer  five  to  seven  kilo, 
silver  per  ton.  The  method  was  changed;  concentraticjn  was 
made  to  precede  pa      amalj,'amatit)n. 

By  this  new  arranj^ement .  the  cost  of  millin.i;  w-as  reduced 
from  7.S()  /ic.sn.v  to  4. Si.  The  loncentration  was  earrieil  further, 
so  that  the  jjroduct  contained  10  to  11  kilo,  sih'er  and  llo  j,'rams 
jjold  jier  ton ;  yet  the  wei.tjht  of  concentrate  remained  at  two  per  cent 
of  the  crude  ore,  The  hi^dier  reeo\erv  by  c(.ncentration  balanced 
the  lower  yield  by  amalijaniation.  the  eomme.-cial  result  being 
less  satisfactory  because  the  i)reeious  metals  in  the  form  of  amal- 
gam were  worth  more  than  when  enclosed  within  a  con- 
centrate that  had  to  be  transported  to  a  distant  smelter. 
Moreover,  the    variation    in  smelter   rates    introduced  a  factor   of 


itn^v^rt  11TT  t  \- 


METALlARdlCAL  DEVEH  U'MEXT 


Extraction  finally  full  Ix'low  (iO'  ;  .  This  sujjj^cstiMi  an  intrease 
in  the  mill,  so  as  to  lowi-r  the  tixed  thar^us.  At  this  jjeriod  the 
Government  tax  and  the  expenses  in  connection  with  realization 
of  bullion  amounted  to  1 1 '  ,  of  its  j^'ross  value.  The  jxtor  extraction 
and  the  hij^h  imi)osts  left  but  a  small  niar),'in  of  profit.  A  search 
for  better  metallur^'ical  treatment  was  undertaken.  The  cvani- 
dation  tests  made  by  Leonard  Holms  in  1!>()I  did  not  seem  to 
justify  turnini,'  to  that  methud  at  that  time,  subsecjuentlv,  howe\-er, 
E.  M.  Hamilton  made  a  new  ri'searth  on  a  working  basis,  with 
a  tive-toii  ])lant,  and  he  obtai'  •  il  cncourai^int,'  results.  IIowe\'er, 
notliini;  was  done  for  a  year. 

Meanwhile  the  rcc'i\ery  b\-  amalijamation  continued  to  dwindle 
and  when  cyanidation  was  ecommenccd,  there  was  a  fear  lest 
the  fvirther  cn.nij^e  in  the  or  ^  with  depth  mi.uht  alTect  extraction 
by  cvanide  as  it  liad  done  that  b\  mercury.  In  1904,  Bernard 
MaiDonald  was  eni,'at,'cil  to  investii;ate  the  problem,  with  the 
idea,  amont;  olhirs.  that  the  Hendryx  jirocess  mi^dit  be  applied. 
Comiilete  cyanide  tests  were  maile  and  ever\-  kind  of  ore  in  the 
mine  was  tried.  The  results  fully  confirmed  Hamilton's  earlier 
Work;  c\cn  on  the  ore  from  llu'  bottom  of  the  Siren.a  mine  it 
was  demonstrated  that  liner  >,'rindinj,'  was  required  and  that  e\en 
the  concentrate,  if  ^'round  dry  to  pass  throut,dl  200  mesli,  would 
yield  !lt  to  IMi'  ,  with  the  use  of  a  12,")'  ,  cvanide  solution  —  a 
solution  imusua'ly  stront;,  but  based  \i])on  the  rclatix'c  jiropurtion 
of  silxiT  to  111'  dissolved.  A  weaker  solution  woidd  ha\e  done 
better,  as  was  proxed  later. 

In  these  tests  a  fresh  soluti'in  was  introduced  each  24  hours 
into  bottles  that  were  agitated  by  beini;  attached  to  the  ]ieri])herv 
of  a  slowly  re\-ol\-in,ij  wheel.  This  failed  to  rejjroducc  wurkini; 
conditions,  beiause  it  clinunat^'d  a  diMwback  ine\  itable  in  ])ractice 
— that  is,  foul  solutions.  l"or  this  reason  the  results  were  hiijhcr 
than  was  to  be  expei'ted  in  the  mill,  but  they  warranted  the  belief 
that  a  plant  spe(  ially  ilcsitjiicd  for  t!  c  treatment  I't  the  concentrate, 
would  yield  lar<.;er  prolits  than  the  sale  (if  the  (uncentratc  to  the 
smellers.  TIk-  tests  demonstrated  also  that  the  siher  siil[ihide 
was  readily  attacked  by  lyanide  when  the  i;rm<linj,'  was  as  tine  as 
20f)m(-sh.  As\et.  no])lant  has  been  eri'cted  to  treat  the  concentrate, 
but   it   is  likely  that  this  will   be  done. 

In   tl'.e  meanwhile this   '.'..-is  in    .Nriril     !!!!!!       '•.:      •.■.••'.■-:   .•?.-■.■■•.!;■.!   <.-. 

erect  the  existint;  cwinide  plant,  whiidi  started  to  work  in  Mav, 


J."() 


A7-.(  /•. A  /    (  ]\\/l>f-:  I-I<\CTH  I-:. 


l-tor,.      Wlun   >un.,nlraliu„    was   nia.lr   tu  ,„v,r,ir  anial-ainati..n. 
\.hv  -nn.liiiL;  in  pans  was  .liscnntinur.l.  ,t  luin-  fnun.l  that  anial-a- 
niaticn   was   tnn.t   rlUvtivc'  in   rhaix'cs  insU,,.!  <,f  tl,r  .,nt. minus 
I>rn,vss.      In  rnvtni-  tlu^  ryanidr  ann.'X,  llir  .mlv  rhan-r  iv,]iureii 
was  t..  .livtrt   til.'  (Imu-  iVuni  \W  Willkv  tal.los    m  ,  ..nr  cla^Mfi,  rs 
Tlu>  c.arsc  san.i  wmt  tn  a  tui,r mill  nf  Allis-ChalnuTs  ,n akr    .")  It 
'''am,    anl    .'_•   ft.    lun.u'.      It    was    Imr.i    with   .IiiIKmI    ir.,n.    wh.rh, 
attri-    a    tlir.T    wevks'  nin    ■  "Haps,.,',    s.,  that  tho  iisr  ,,•,  ,hr   tuhr 
sKippcMl  ahniptlv.      It  has  „,,,  !„,,„  ,.„,,,!, ,,.^,i  ,„„,,.       -j-^.^,^  prnvr.l 
that   ti.r  iKiu'hi    Ml   thr  iv-..nn,lm:.   in   ih,.  tuh,' hanllv  warrant,.! 
tlu-  ,'Xtra  ,xp,-ns,.  n\  ivpairs  an.]  p,,w,  r       Th..    lir.t  >■•  .n,'-,.lassirK.rs 
went  nut  nf  ,,„nmissinn.  tin.  pulp  L;,,ni-  fmni  tlu'  WiltK^vs  tn  a  s,.t 
of  oMU.-.la~Mlh-r>     that    s,.parat,'   llu'   san,l    fmm    thr   shm,'       Thr 
ar.-an<;rm.nt  is  sh,,wn  h.ivwith,  in  Vr^  I.      .1  ,s  a  lai-v  spit/kaMrn 
s  tt.  wi,l,.  an,i  s  It,  ,l,,p.  th,.  ,lassih.,ati,,n  h.^iiiL;  hv  -ravitv.      The 
san,l,    plus    snnic    .hm...    tlnws    thmu-h    hiMmm-    -,',ns,.-n,vks    tn    a 
h,i-Iu  twn  fc.'t  al.nv,.  th,.  hnttnm  int,.  fnur  smalK-r  ,,„u.s  ,,r  spj,,;.'- 
Imtrn,    *   ft,    wi.I,.  an.i    4   ft.   .K^p,    ,.|u,pp,.,l    u,th    hv,lrauli,-  .jets 
\hv  un,l,-rMZr   tmm   all    tlv,'  .■nms   unites   tn   ilnw   tn  ,.i._;ht   Callnw 
<Ua'l  s,.,tlin,i.;-.-,,n,.s,  .S  ft    ,liam   an.l  ,S  ft.  ,kvp,  wIumv  it  w  .U-watiTe,l". 
1  h  -n,,.  th,.  pulp  pa^srs  tn  thnr  mas,,nrv  vats,  wluiv  Imu'  is  a  i.le,l 
U,  rllcct  s,.t,lin.4  pivvinus  t.,  ,l,vantalinn,  at  th,'  sanu-  imi,.  ,l,.strnv- 
m-   the   a.i.litv   ,,f  th,.    .lim..  ami  l.rin-in-   the   pnsitivr  alkalinitv 
iM' tn  \\  II,  l,nu.p,Ttnn.      Tlu'n  t  his  slinir  is  pumpr.l  t,.  the  t  ivat"- 
nivnt-vats.    thr    san.l    m,.anwhiK.    ;:,,in-    tn    ,-,,11,.  tm^-vats    fmm 


wliuh    it    IS   takm,   after  ilrainin 


,'.    m   I  ars   tn   the  treatm,iit-\  ats 


suh 


Ihi-^  was  th,.  M-h,.,n,.  at  the  ,nmm,.n.-..ment  nf  evam,lati,.n  ■ 
sul.>,.,|uentlv  the  na.-nm-y  vats,  f,,rmer!y  .-mplnNa-.l  „,  ,1,-water- 
uvA  tlu'  pulp  in-evi.ius  tn  pan  amal-amatinn,  were  mn.lui,,!  s,)  as 
tn  serve  fnr  hnl.lin-  an,l  thiekemn-  the  slim...  Th,-  ti\e  enne- 
>lassitiers  wer,.  mr.v,..]  mtn  the  stamp-mill,  m  nnler  n,>t  tn  l,,s,. 
.Ura.i,..  and  in  this  lu-w  pnsiti,,n  thev  .leliveiv,]  ,]iiv,  t  int..  the 
niasnnrv  vats  l„.hin,l  th,'  ,  ,M  amal-amatinn  pans.  ,h,.  vats  huilt 
m  tlu-  ,  yani.ie  annex  Lein,-  us,.l  inr  the  sam,'  i.urpnse.  namely 
'".''•_^^'""''  ""'  -'•'•i'--  l-:v''"  nnw  it  ,nntains  7()' ,  water,  an,l 
this  ,()',  is  just  sn  much  li(]ui.l  that  Ii.is  tn  1,,^.  ,!ispla,eil  lev  tlie 
cfTe.tiv,'  ,vani,l,.  s,iluti,m.  un,il  perteet  ilitfusinn  is  attaim'.l.  ' 
The  ,,re  ,i,',„s  fn.in  the  Sirena  mint  tc  the  mill  in  ears  iKil- 
Inirn    \-    la,'nl,s:    ,,f   .-,()-,».    ft.    ,a|.a,itv,    earrvin,-    L'.  I    t.ms    eaJi. 


i  111   1       liU  . 


a   nnunie   snu-dump,    with   ,i,'aliK'   Imttnm,   ami 


Mil'  \I.IJ'I«,I(M.   l)l-.VI-.I.(>l'}II:\r 


t(i  work  ta>ily.  Waste  is  rcmox  vd  by  scirtni'^  in  the  t,ii,r  iMurt- 
yani  at  the  riitran,,.  ,,|  tl,,.  ,„ain  aiiit.  A  surtint,'  Ijfit  is  to  he 
usfil  at  the  new  Sulclad  shaft,  the  waste  thru  eliminated  i<j  be 
returne.i  iiiiu  the  mine  as  hlHns,'  The  belt  is  t..  be  ")()  ft.  lonj,'. 
KiMnj,'  n.iim  tnr  ti\e  men  (jn  each  side  and  illuminated  like  a  bil- 
liai-d  table  bv  sha.led  eleetrie  lii^dits.  |-;aeh  man  is  to  sit  astride 
a  Udiidiii  horse,  which  is  hiv;h  eiKni'^ii  to  .^ivf  freedom  of  reaeli 
"\er    the    belt. 

Cold  tan  be  seen  in  the  surface  ores  of  the  Sireila  mine;  it 
nciompanies  tlic  ari;entite.  I'vrite  doe,  not  appear  to  be  indic- 
ati\e,  nor  is  it  a  i  lo>e  assoiiate.  of  the  precious  meials;  it  is  more 
Jilentiful  in  the  undi'^'<'Sted  louiitry  roik.  In  tiie  ore  of  the  Pere- 
k'riiia  mme  there  is  a  little  arsenii  al  jisrite  and  also  traces  of  anti- 
monial  si!\er  minerals  At  (hianajuato  LTenerally.  the  a\era-e 
yield  of  com-entrate  does  not  t  xceed  two  per  ,'ent,  carr\in.L;  l.")l) 
to  l.ti(li)  o/,  silver,  and  from  1  to  :;(i  oz.  ^.'old  per  ton,  so  that  xhv 
liroblem  IS  to  treat  a  small  ipiantitv  of  hi-h-.-rade  material,  in 
('■mpt'tition  with  the  e.xi.ensive  frei-lit  chari,'es  <it  the  railnjads 
and  the  hea\y  tri'alnient  rates  of  the  smelters,  j-urther,  the 
(loxernnicnt  ta.\  is  one  per  cent  less  on  bullion  than  it  is  on  the 
precious  metals  when   in   the  form  of  concentrate. 

In  September.  I'.MI.").  the  mill  treati'd  ;^,S,s7  tons  of  ,n\-.  c<in- 
tainmi;  .')  1 7  '^m.  of  sih  er  and  L'Tti  i,'m,  of  i,'old  per  ton.  On 
leavini,'  the  ( oncentralors  the  pulp  assaved  •■)()•_'..")  s.;m.  silver  and 
l,4t)  Km.  Kold,  The  con  cent  rati,'  r-roxered  amounted  to  lOfi  tons, 
avera.u'ini;  91s. ())i  uni.  sihcr  and  MW^l  ,L;m.  ^old.  The  cost  of  cn.,di- 
ini;  ami  concentration  amounted  to  1.7.")  pesos  ycv  ton.  The 
c.Ntraition  by  coiuentration  was  .")().!',  of  tlie  siher  and  4!)  1'', 
(if  the  1,'old. 

The  ].ractice  is  still  in  i  ourse  of  developnunt  and  exjieri- 
ments  are  eontimially  beiii'^  made.  Re-<;rindinj,'  does  not  seem 
required  by  the  Sireiia  ore;  it  is  stamped  throu.yh  a  dia,L;onal-slot 
screen  e<|ui\aleiit  to  40  mesh;  a  chuck  block  is  useil.  Of  the 
resultiii.u  pulp.  M)'  ,  f^oes  through  100  mesh.  The  granular  (juartz, 
when  crushed.  rea<Iily  liberates  the  silver  sulphide,  but  the  ehalce- 
donie  'jaiitrue  in  whicdi  the  siKer  occurs  (in  a  cloudv  dissemina- 
tion like  moss  a^atei.  needs  tine  ^rindinj.;-  all  of  it  -  to  pass  at 
least  100  niesh.  The  ecnieentrate  carries  MV  ,  silica;  the  portion 
that  passes  throu!:h  L'OO  nusli  rejircsents  I.')..")',  bv  wei.udit  and  as 
it  is  wortii  .4!),s  pesos  per  ton,  it  contains  4l"  ,  of  the  assav'-valu-j 
of  the  ore. 


y:\.-':;^mjm^'mm 


2r>s 


/<H(  icxT  CY.winr.  pkmtice. 


In  watthinK  the  a^;itatinii  in  tlu'  slinic  \ats.  it  was  noticeable 
how  till'  ririular  niotinn  Kccdnus  accflcTati'il  until  the  moving 
mass  of  pulji  and  solutii>n  movis  fastrr  than  the  i)ail(lk's.  On 
starting  the  agitation,  one  can  sir  the  sinuous  streaks  of  clear 
cyanide  solution  amid  the  slime,  and  tiiis  condition  of  imperfect 
dispersion  is  never  wholly  overcome;  it  is  due  to  the  resistance  of 
slime  to  diffusion.  I  notited  this  appearance  (or  ])henomenon) 
in  a  vat  that   had  been  at   work  for  4f)  minutes.      Another  note; 


i-iy 


even  ten  minutes  after  th^  a},'itator  is  stopi)ed  the  movement 
of  water  at  top  of  the  vat  continues  in  the  direction  started  by 
the  paddles.  Two  pounds  of  lime  are  added  per  ton  of  solution 
'n  order  to  hasten  settlement  of  the  slime.  The  philosophv  of 
this  has  been  discussed  in  connection  with  millmj,'  at   El  Oro. 

The  loss  of  sodium  cyanide  at  the  Sircna  mill  is  4.12  lb.  per 
ton  of  crude  ore,  while  the  consumption  of  lime  is  at  the  rate 
of  6  lb.,  worth    12  pesos  per  metric  ton.      Sodium  cyanide  costs 


Sk 


Ty 


?r*i 


.'•id 


h'lu  I- XT  (  )\\\ //>/■:  /'AM,   IK  I.; 


Slo,,;,  ,,.,•  nu.lri.  ,,,„  al  Marl.l  .,al„,n,  ,]„■  ,,r.M-nt  I.rm.nus 
"t  the  Mrxuan  Crntral  Raih-Ma.l  aii.l  tc  il„s  „u,st  l.r  a^l-lol  1  •'-> 
/'o.'x.  nr.  sav  CO  cr.Us  |,,r  irans,„,rt  u,  thr  works,  makii,.^  tl,.  total 
inst  M().{.)  per  incirK    iciii  n\  i.'.L'l)»-j)i.unils. 

TluTL'  is  alwavs  s.,inc  n'-pnvipitati.ni  wlu'ii  trratiiiK  siivar 
sulphi.lr,  l.y  Ras,,n  ,,f  Wr  tnrtnat.nn  nf  potassium  sulpin,!..  hut 
tins  ,s  .Iniun,slu.,l  l,v  thr  a.|,l„i,,„  „f  IvaM  acvtatr.  whi.  h  funns 
a  plumhous  hvdratr  that  r.inovrs  th,'  soh.Mr  sulphicK-s  l,v  tormina 
a  h'a.l  suIphi.U'  an,i  the  potassium  or  s..,l,uni  hv.lratc  '  [n  prar- 
tur,  thr  ri'-prr.ipuation  .,f  s.lvn"  is  surpasscl  l,y  the  rr-.lissolvin^r 
of  It  in  tlu'  iyani(K'  sohition. 

Hy  I-assiuL;  through  c.nr-.lassitifrs  th.^  ,,ro,ku  t  rscapin-  from 
tbv  upp.r  mill  ,s  ,ln;,l„l  in,o  'san,!'  an,!  -.hmo;  uhuh  are  treat,.! 
separaf!v.   or  i„   tlie  rvani,!.-  annex,      in   t!ie   'san,!'  .lepartment 
there  were  I'll  vats,  eaeli  e,,ntainin,i,'  an  avera-e  eliar-e  of  lTmI  7 
'U    It.,  or  MMi  t,.ns.      Ihirin-  tlie  niontli   I,7«»_'  tons  ulrvi  ,,f    san,l 
was    tivate,].      Th,.    avera-e    assav^value    l.efore    treatment     was 
-«-  ..  Km.  silver  an,l    I,:i7  am.  ,l;o1,];  after  treatment   tlie  eontents 
were  ..I'  ,,-m.  silver  an,!  »\   ,m,.  ,L,n,l,l.      In  tlie  Mime'  .lepartment 
there  were  Si'  vats,   eael,  eontainin,,'  ;;.,S,-,|,s  cu.   ft.   ,,f  wet   slime 
e,iu.valent  to  L'4.2(i  t,.n-,  ,jry.      Durin-  tlie  m-.nth   l,!ls:)  tons    were 
treated.      Tlie  average  assay-value  l.efore  treatment  was  27.")  .->  -mi 
silver  and   1.1}  <r„i.  „old.      After  treatment   tlie  assav  heeame  V,  5 
^-m.  Sliver  and  0. 1  -m.  i,',.l,l.      The  extraetion  was  ,s.V  1'  ,   as  re,i,ranls 
tlie  silver  an<i  7(1'  ,   of  the  K'oid  in  tlie  pulp  treated  hv  the  evanide 
annex,  the  total  reeovery  l,y  eyanidation  heinj,'  41'  ,  'of  tiie  assay- 
value  ot  the  eru.le  ,.re,  so  that  the  eomhined  extraction  hv  evani- 
dation   and   eoneentration   was   ItJ.L'   per  eent.      The   total' e,,st   of 
eyani.lation  was  .S4.i:{.  and  the  consumption  of  evani,!e   l.!(  kilo 
I)er  ton. 

Note  should  he  made  of  the  faet  tliat  sueeessful  experiments 
with  eyanide  .,n  silver  ore  ha.l  heen  made  earlier  at  tlie  mines 
in  Sinal.ni,  hut  tlie  results  ha,l  not  l)een  heral,le,l  heeause  they 
were  ohtame,!  at  private  pn-i.erties.  an,l  even  in  these  ,'ases  the 
otlieial  tests  of  the  eyani.le  eompany  at  Mexieo  Citv  ha,l  diseour- 
aj,'e,i  hope.  Tlie  trouhle  was  due  to  the  use  of  too  weak  a  solution— 
a  swniK  "f  the  pen,lulum  in  eyanide  praetiee.  for  in  its  early  .lavs 
the  main  fault  wa>ithe  employment  of  a  nee.llesslv  stron.ij  soluti.m. 
Another  faet,ir,  tliat  prevente,!  sueeess  with  these  si!..-,.r  .--.r;.,. 
was  tlie  insuftieiint  time  -nen  for  eliemieal  action.      The  element 


MI-.T  \l.l.rR(.h    \l.   ni:VI:l.i>l'MI\  I 


.'(il 


oi  time  is  csprc  ially  iiii|M  )rtaiit  in  tlir  i  asc  'it  c  iinr<iitrati-  ir.in 
pyritc  I  arryiiii,'  -^^M  frcf  ami  -il\.-r  as  ari,'riititr .  the  milhuan  ran 
atliird  til  ,v,'i\c  llir  tinu-  rt'iniircil  tnH-ausc  nf  tin-  small  i|uaiitit\  (if 
tins  jiroduit  anil  its  rithni'ss. 


^ ,  i{^^t^:i^-A'-  -  . (r'^7:  *■>•'  V  \.  -; 


_.r/>;,,,/> .  a^ 


TRKATMKXT  OF  MATTI-    I-R()M   THK  c-VA.\Il)K 

MILL 

Hv   A.    l-:^    DklcM.K 
M.n    IS    I'.KiT 

''  '"■'>■  '"■  "'  Ditrr.st  I..  ,,,ii,,'  to  kn.-u  ni  a  iiui(  k  ami  (i.m- 
plitr  wav  ill  ulii,  !i  to  (xtrait  tlu'  mrtal-;  tnmi  a  n,  It  matte  as 
"'''•''"'■''  •"  •'  '  \aiii(lr  ilraii  up  It  cit.ii  liappcus  that  thr  \irM 
Irn'M  this  s..ui-rr  a.hls  (  .  HIM.  1(  niM  \-  t(i  thr  Illniith's  ImlliMll 

^"'r'l'"''  ''"■  niattr  IcriiiiiiL;  iKiiiriit.  kiiius  tnm;  thr  zinc 
suljihatr  iZiiSO.i  rriiiainm.,'  with  the  prr.  i|iitatc  alt.r  ai  fl  tr.at- 
iiU'iit.  The  aiii.itint  of  ZnSC,  i.rrsciit  will  ,lr|irn.l.  ,.t'  c  oiirs,>, 
iiV"n  thr  mniil,ir(,f  uat.  r  \\a>hrs  used  m  thr  liiial  aci^l  trratiiirnt . 
Thr  iiK.rr  thr  prcipiialr  is  washr.l,  t!ir  Irss  will  l,r  thr  matte 
l'';nnr,l  ,,n  a  -,,1.1  hutton,  |  inlirvr  that  in  ..ur  <asr  (trratmrnt 
"t  r.iiirrnti-atri  it  is  possihlr  at  times  for  extermely  tine  iiiatrrial 
tn  <srapi'  tmm  thr  liltrrs,  ti.  hr  ,aiTi-.l  in  suspension  to  thr  zinr- 
I.oxes  where  it  is  li.iun.l  t.)  remain  with  the  other  i.rrripitate. 
Thr  amount.  li..\\e\cr.  is  exeee.linrly  small.  It  sueli  he  the  case 
alter  treatnunt  with  aei.i,  fern.iis  suljihate  (FrSO.i  will  l,e  eon- 
tame.l  in  soIuti..n.  while  free  suli)lnir  separates  out  with  the  jire- 
eipitate  aeeonlin.t;  t.i  the  rearti.in  : 

FeS,    f   H,,S(),         FeSO.    .     H,,S    f   S. 

There  is  a  jiossiliility  then,  unli'ss  a  romi)lete  roast  is  1,'iven 
to  the  aei.l  treate.i  preeipitate.  .if  sulplmr  hein^'  present  as  a  iiiatte- 
tormini,'  material  ujion  nieltins,'  tlie  tinal  in-eeipitattv  The  amount 
<n  sulphur  ohtaine.l  from  this  souree  to  form  matte  will  in  all 
prol.aliility  he  sliijht.  Kxperiments  n.iw  point  to  the  fact  that  the 
amount  ,if  matte  ohtaine.l  on  a  j,'ol(i  hutton  .lepemls  prineipalls- 
upon  two  tlunu's.  namely,  the  eonii)leteness  of  the  tinal  water- 
washes  after  aei.i  treatment  and  the  extent  to  which  the  tinal 
roast  has  heen  carried  (whether  merely  a  dryinj;  of  the  precipitate 
or  a  complete  roast  i. 

The  matte  that  I  am  treating'  contains  zinc,  lead,  iron.  ^oU\. 
and   silver.      When    usin^'   the   zinc-lead   couple   for  precipitation. 


the  I 


iresence  of  lea.l  in  tli 


and    then    smelted   in    a    graphite    pot,    is    practically   inevitable. 


I  l<l:.\l  MI:\T  lU-  MMTI:. 


263 


Lcail  in  the  matte  may  also  he  diu'  |)artly  f'  :  i  ',■  ilissolvinj,'  ihy  the 
r\ai)i(lf  siilutioiii  of  lead  salts  from  oxiil./td  cf^u  intratc  fol- 
lowed by  the  jirei  i|)itatMii  of  lead  on  the  znu  It  mav  originate 
from  the  lead  acetate  used  in  some  solutions  There  are  two 
sourees  1)\  whieh  iron  ma\-  enter  the  matte,  either  hv  iron  ])yrite  col- 
leetinj;  in  the  /ine  boxes  and  tmallv  a|)pearinK'  in  the  aci<  ealed 
Jireeipitate  as    I'eSO,.   or   hy   some   iron    seale   t;athered     from   the 


Fig.  :tH.     Oriental  Con.snlidated   .Mill.     Korea. 

roa,stin!,'-[)an  with  the  j,'old  ;)reei|)ita'.e.  Zinc  seems  to  enter  the 
matte  in  considerable  amount,  esjieiially  when  the  aeid-treated 
slime  contains  some  undissohed  zine  or  has  been  only  partly 
njasted,  so  as  tcj  contain  zinc  sul()hate. 

I  believe  that  a  small  amount  of  matte  on  a  button  is  desirable, 
for  the  slaK  above  will,  as  a  fjeneral  rule,  a.ssay  less  in  silver,  especi- 
ally when  the  matte  contains  lead.  N'o  nitre  is  used  bv  us  to  keen 
down  the  matte  upon  fusion  of  the  slime  in  crucibles.      Its  dam"- 


•-'(It 


h'f-A  i:\-/  (  )-A\;i)/-:  /'A'.w  7/(7-;. 


J'  '"  ""■  I""^  .'•imums  tM  nicv  than  thr  r,,st  ,,f  tnatinrnt  „f 
"'"■  ■""''""">^'l  '".-'tl...  l>,vv,uuslv  tu  u-in,'  n.v  ,.,vs,.„.  n„-,l„„l 
'"  '■.■.lu,t„.n.  w..  rrrta.nlv  ,1„1  not  uvKun,r  ihr  ,„vs,.,u..  ,,(  anv 
'■';ns„l,ral,|,.  anmnnt  of  inatir  at  a  rlran-up,  .,n,v  tl„.  „I,1  m.-thod 
"'  tnatmr,,  <niall  ,|uant.tn>  uiih  n.tiv  .„■  m  ra,,  in.n  wa.  .Imw  an,' 
>"'  ""M'l->r  It  IS  n.,t  >atr  t,,  all„u  anv  anv.unt  uf  tins  ru  h  matte 
•;'  a-vnnuHatr  ,it  assav.  al,„ut  >2n  p.r  II,  .  an,l  f,,r  that  mtson 
""■  '"-'  Han  ,s  to  tnat  it  nn,nr,],atrlv  at  tlir  ni.l  uf  ,!„■  .lean-up 
"I'ltm.^  the  l.ulHnn  uuli  the  l^mM  Imttuns  nitn  l,ars, 

l'"ta->nim  .vani.le  arts  as  a  p...,vrrlnl  >v.j,Hni-  an-l  desul- 
Plnin.n,,  fh,x.  an,l  f,.,-  tins  naM.n  u  ^^as  use,!  lu,-  ,lo„,npnsm^ 
tile  matt,  Our  partutilar  matt,'  is  nnusuallv  In.^h-.^ra,!,.  assav- 
inu'  as  mud,  as  s,.-,,.l)(.  p.,-  fn  I.  ,,,„tan,s  xine,  l.-a-l.  and  ,r,',n 
as  sulpl,i,l.-s,  l,rs„l,.s  tlu.  p,v,„,ns  metals^  At  tlu'  m,. ntl.lv  elean-up 
•■''""••,  Mill  !l,  pr,v,puate  ,s  ,,l,,am,.l.  pn.imn>-  nearlv  ;;,()()n  „/ 
■»II.,.n.  .■,.!  lr,,m  tlu'  treatm.nt  ni  tln>  av  ,,l,tain  fnm,  :!(l  t,.  10 
H'."Kitt,'.  Ilu^am-nnit  van.s  tnm,  ninnt  li  l,.  m..nt  h.  TlK'nutl,,,,! 
of  treatniini  p,,-  tlu^  matt,'  is  as  h,ll,n\s 

''"';^    "^^""■-    '-ax.    an,i   .vani.l,.   aiv   put    sepaat,.lv   thnnt^h 
a   small    r,„k  I,reak,T  an,l    .rushr.l    tin,.      H:,rax   an,l   evam.i..   atv 
»MM  as  ll„x,.s  and  a,v  pt,i  u„l,  tl,,.  matte  int,,  thve  X,,.  tlo  .'ra,,lnte 
l"'ts,n,!„.  p.ll..vn:,pn,p„n;„nsand,.vd..r:      TIum  e  ar..  alternate 
■^'l   '"    '""■■'^-    "'^"''■'    ^""1    >vamd,.    llin.u.^h.nu,    until    the    p,,t 
w    lull,    and    imallv   o,v,.,vd    uul,    l.nvax       Tl„.   .ru.il.les   are   n.,u- 
;""  """  ""'  '"'■»'"■>■  '""1  ''  ^vhit,.  I„.at  maintame,!  Inr  tw.,  „r  tluve 
"'"'--      As   a    rule,   n    takes  a   iittl,.   ,,v,t   tw,,   l„,urs   with    a   ^,H,d 
'':"   ""■"•■'^''      ''   •■''"'-    -n  ■•vlun  th..  a,tiMn,s.-,,mpl,.t,.    fnrthe 
'■"ar;,ewil,su!,s,dean,lth,.|,ul,l,lm.,.,asv.      Th,.  a,  tr.n  an.l  l.urn- 
'"'f  '"    ""■  ^^''I''""-  "''1    '»•   ^'"I'nt    at    th,.   end   ,„    ,),,    uvsi     h.,ur 
•AIs,.  th,.  sla,  will  t„.,,,„i,.  ,pnt,.  thi,k  wlu.n  the  a.ii.,n  is  ,-„mpl.  !,■ 
l-'n^   n.m.,x,.d    uith  a  skimm,.-;  tins  ,s  n,,vs.arv   l„-r,,re   p„unn.^ 
""■   '"'">"'^   "f   th,.   ,ru,,!,l,    „,„,   a    e,,n„al    m.Md       If   an    ex,vss 
'"   -vam.k.  1,..  „s,.d,  1,   u,ll   ;„.  f.,un,l  just   al-,,v,.  ,1,.  u,,ld   hntfrn 

'""'  V"  '"'  '"""'"■"  "'•'  ''>■  ^'  '''"^^^  "it''  ^'  ''■■'">nun  Th,.  matte  wih 
'!"^'  '';;;""••  I>-  ■l'v.nnp,,-,.d,  kavin^  <.nlv  a  li^ht  p,,r„us  sla^  an,l 
tii,.  L,"  lid  Imtton 

This  n-Kth.id  sh,,v.s  an  ,.xtra,.ti<.n  ,,f  s.",  p,  up,  ,,f  tli,.  p>fil 
value  ,,(  ,]„.  ,,n,;inal  matt,.,  ,l,.p,.n,lm..'  up,,n  th,.  ru.hn..ss  ,,f  the 
niatiri.d  tr,at,.d. 


;;;     S      i,.?  *'    ?  •-     t~   ' 


CVAXJDI-:  PKACrU-H  AT  COPALA 

June  *%,   iSHiT 
The    K.litnr: 

Sir-  -III  r<-i;,ir.l  \n  saxini,'  cyani^lr  in  the  trratiiuiit  ><(  <;,,1,1 
:uv\  silver  nn.  uh'  liavr  horn  rnaMc.l  l,v  a  MiiipK'  nutho:l  m  ro.lu.o 
our  cvaiii.lr  r..nsuiniitinn  from  4..-)t(.  1  T)  II.,  [ur  ton  of  .,rr  trrair.l, 
an.l  thr  results  arc  so  ititi'n'stin-  that  I  licrrwith  •cn.lrr  them  Inr 
puliliration. 

Wluii  We  lirst  romiiH-nr-d  treatment  in  Detoher.  I'.KI,-,.  our 
pniteetnc'  alkalimty  in  the  wcrkin.,'  snlminns  was  earrie,!  at  il.()4';, 
nn  tentis  ,,f  eaustie  s^,^;^  ami  the  eyani.K  eunsumpli.  m  varied 
troni  4  o  to  1  .")  11],  pel'  t(in  nf  ore. 

The  (,re  is  \ahialile  for  its  silver,  whieh  oeeurs  as  a  sulphide, 
••"I'l    'arries    fr.  .m    IL'   u<   I'll  ,,z,    of   th.is   metal    per   tr-n,      to-eth,T 
"Uh  a  small  .luantity  of  -,,1,],      We  (m,l   that   .->,_>  11,,  ,,f  linie  p,T 
ton    ,s   suttiii.'ut  to   keep  the  alkalinitv  at  l),()4'  ,  ,      Our  extraetion 
lla,.  inen  euo,l.  a  verae„i>,  <•:;',    of  l,oth  ^oM  and  silver,  and.  aeeept- 
I'll,'  the  faet   that   a  certain  amount   of  eyanide  will  of  neees,vt\    he 
omstanlly  tied  up  ;is  a  doul.le  eyanide  ,.f  zine  and  sodium   (Usiui,^ 
so.iinm  evanide,,   uv  li,-,\e  not   eon>idere.l  tiie  amount  al.normak 
thou.uh    the   a.hisahilitv    had   heen    dis,  ussed   .,.f   installin-   eleetro- 
Ivti.     pnvipitation   to  ohviate   this   l.,ss  of  potential   free  cvanide. 
Ilouever,  in  readini;  ,,ver  'The  Cvam.lin.u  of  Cold  and  Silver  Ores.' 
I'v  juhan  and  Smart,  1  noted  what  was  said  (pa,t,'e  «>!)i  in  re-ard  to 
llu'deeompositionofthedouMeevanide  ( .Xa.Znl'v,  i  l,v  an  increase 
inthe   five  alkali       W,    R,    l-cMtman   is   there  .piot.'d   as  saving: 
"Tlu'  a.ldition  of  alkali  to  w,,rkin-  evanide  soluti..iis  which  have 
become    s,,mewhat     weak    in    alkali,     l.rin.t^s    up   th.'    streiiLjth    hy 
rct,^>neralin-,  that  is.    deconiposm.;.  the    zmc  evanide,  -.    that  as  a 
tiiatterol  lact,  wlu'n  the  solutions  are  prett v  stn.n^lv  alkaline  thev 
>'ontam    no  /me    as  cvamdc.    hut    ,,nlv    the   hvdrate    dissolve,!    in 
alkali 

With  the  olijcit  of  ascertaining  what  rcsiilts    culd  he  o!,tained 
h.v  incrcom-  the  alkalinitv.    I   commciu  ed  addm.;   Imic.  and   kept 
'.■radu.illN     increasing;    the    sanu-    until    the    solutions    tested    O  L"  , 
alkahnily.  ^  Our    wo-kin-    solution    f,,r   sliuie,    which    wv   carrv'at 
0,11'..',    KC;c,  ,ii  ,,„ee  heyan  to  i,'ain  in  stnn-th,  anr!  kej.t  ,L;rowini( 


'i 


20() 


A7u  l:.\T  (   WWini:   I'KM  IICE. 


j^'raduallv  stn.ni;iT  iinlil  it  sliownl  O,:!' ,  K("v;  xUv  alkalinity  was 
tlii'ii  .•ill.nvcl  t.>  fall  t"  y\A)\V  ,  .  v.iiri!  lyaniiir  strriiLjtli  al>w  t\ll. 
Alter  iiianv  ixiicnnuiiis  with  xarioiis  strcnijths,  [  louml  (I  i:i.')'  ', 
to  ln'  tlu'  least  alkalinity  with  whii  h  I  emiM  reijeiierate,  an. I  k.ii- 
se(|ueiitl\-  I  have  k<'i)t  tlu'  alkali  at  that  streiv^rth  e\  er  since 

As  a  result  .it  tiiis  rei,'eneral  inn.  nur  i  xaiude  .  nnsuniptMn  has 
ncit  (Xiceile.l  1  .")  11..  per  tun  treated  tnr  nil. re  than  h\e  months; 
as  a  matter  o|  laet,  no  e\-aniile  was  added  to  tlu'  slime-treatnient 
solutions  tnr  nearly  i:i  weeks,  .md  the  amount  useil  to  Krint:  the- 
leaehin,L,'-|.Iant  solutions  uji  to  stri'tij^'th  was  small;  this  ot'  eourse 
was  .lue  to  the  larije  exe^'ss  nt  zine  eyani.U'  then  I'xistin.i;  in  the 
system. 

In  re.^'ard  to  the  testin;^-  for  alkali,  we  first  determine  the  free 
eyani.ie  li\-  tilratin.4  with  stan.lard  silver  nilrat.'  solution  to  the 
first  faint  ojia'.seiiu  e.  without  the  use  of'  the  iiot.assiiim  iodi.ie 
in. Heat. ir;  we  t  .'n  a.ld  a  tew  dr..ps  m.ire  of'  the  siK.r  nitrate  to 
make  the  oj.alese.'nee  well  .lefnie.l.  an.l  titrate  with  X  .")  oxalic 
aeid  s,,lution  usjii'^  pheii.ili.ht  halein  as  in.lieator.  This  is  the 
metho.l  re(.mimen.le.l  li\-  j.  V.  Clennell.  an.l  as  it  has  been  foun.l 
to  eheek  \erv  closely  with  !,.  .M .  Creen's  fcrnuvaniile  metho.l.  and 
also  with  that  of  Cerar.l  Williams  puMishe.l  in  the  hutnuil  .if  the 
Chemical,  Met allurL.'i.al  &  Mining;  Societv  of  South  .Vfrica.  it  has 
been  a.lopted  li\-  preference  on  account  of  its  simplii  it\' 

l'inall\-.  I  \\..-iM  say  that  up  to  .late  there  is  no  in.iicali.in  u\ 
imnase  in  our  cvani.le  i  .insumptinn.  an.l  as  this  w.irk  has  lieen 
K'oini,'  on  for  the  past  five  months  [  ha\e  i-oiiie  to  the  conclusion 
that  the  rcLiciuratinn  has  assume.!  ennstant  proportion. 

1..  M(  .\    B    Hii.i.ocK. 
C'ipala.  Sinaloa.  Mexico,  Ma-,-  4 


ASSAY  OF  CYAXIDK  SOLUTFOXS 

Ijuno  M,   11J(I7) 

Tlu'  I-'ditor: 

Sir  U"  „^r  notictM!  tlic  scln>nu's  for  the  'Assav  of  Cvanidc 
Solutions'  in  l\w  I'kkss  of  Marcli  IM.  l,y  Mr.  Gen.iar.  and  of  May  4, 
l-y  -Mr.  Muir.  1  uisii  to  call  attention  to  the  f.jllowinK  well  known 
method,  wliieh  I  have  found  quick  and  accurate. 

To  a  convenient  .juantity  of  KCX  (workini;  .solution)  add  an 
e.xces.s  of  weak  copper  sulj.hatc  solution.  Acidifv  with  dilute 
sulphuric  acid.  Filter  the  p-ecipitate.  which  is  wiiite  (or  l.^rht- 
bluish  ^jreeni  and  fioccul.'nt,  and  which  contains  all  the  ^..id  and 
silver.  Wash  llie  jirecipitate  twi.e  with  i.ot  water;  drv  filter- 
paper  and  contents  hv  placing  then,  in  a  crucible  an.I  heating  in 
a  muffle:  (lux  hit.  r  pa,  er  and  preci,)itate,  fuse,  eut.el,  part  and 
\vei.t;h. 

To  solutions  weak  m    KCW  a,ld  a  small  piece  of   KCX  salt 
m  order  to  ^ive  a  .-ood  precipitate  of  copper  cyanide. 

Arcrsrrs  M.\c-1)onai.i). 
/aeatecas.  .Mexic(j,  Mav  17. 


i.lime  s.  111(17  ; 


Some  tmc-  ago  Messrs.  0  A.  and  11,  S.  I.ennv  announced 
^ith  a  L'reat  flare  of  trumpets,  the  triumph  of  their  metalluruieal 
."novation.  Several  of  ,l,c  mines  under  their  technical  control 
spent  thousands  of  pounds  to  install  the  ,,rocvss  of  >  ,,-culatm.' 
cvanide  .solutions,  advocated  l,v  the  Dc^nnv  brothers  The  UA- 
lowinu'  para.^^aph  from  a  siur.h  dc'livc-n  d  at  the  annual  mc-etin^ 
'U  the  Nc'w  (,ocl,  min...  bv  Mr,  CeorKe  All.u,  the  chairman,  ,s  ra.her 
.  .sconcvrtm.t;  to  tlu-  'new  m..tallun.n- :'  •■!„  addition  to  other 
drowlKuks,  w,.  have  expenen.vd  considerahlc.  trouble  with  our 
new  metallurgical -.ant.  Whatever  tluv-retical  mcMts  th..  svstem 
;f  '■""';"'^'""«    '  ■  -lutionsm.v    possess,    the-    fact    ivmams 

"'f    ""■""^■'-  innvlcd     upon     to     asc-cTtam     the    avcTa.i^e 

value  o  the  ore  ^.nw^  into  the  mill,  namdv,  ,1  scrcvn-assav  'is 
effcvtually  destroved.  Our  managers  and  tchnical  adviscTs  have 
.^nd.'avorc.d  to  overc-omc-  this  diihcultv,  l,ut  appar.-ntlv  without 
awy   >;reat    success,  r.i  ,1  consequ.<ntlv  w.-  have  !„.en  frcjuentlv   dis- 


■jtis 


l<l:(  t:.\T   CYAX/ni-:    I'KAl    I  h  I: 


appiiinti'd  at  tlio  cml  nf  the  timnth  in  thr  iiiiantitv  of  \in\,\  won. 
liiU  iii'4  iiiru  niisini  hy  the  luirciialili'  nature  <]t  tilr  scrceii-assavs. 
I  ilii  imt  iiriJi)iisf  to  enter  into  teelinieal  (k'tails,  Init  tile  su,t,'i,'es- 
tiim  is  now  nmier  eonsiileration  to  aliatiiion  the  \ise  cif  i  ireuhitini,' 
e\anii1e  si)lutions  ami  re\ert  to  what  is  known  as  tile  lietantation 
proeess,   suplilenieilted   liv  tile  lilter  proicss." 

CoinnKin  eaution  sliouhl  lia\e  prevenleci  tile  intrmluetion  of 
tile  'ne\'.  nietalluri,'y'  on  more  than  one  mine,  until  it  was  ])roved 
an  iimnialitie.i  siucess.  Heeause  a  seheinc  works  well  fur  a  few- 
week^  !t  is  not  sate  to  pronounee  it  a  sueress.  An  ai-tual  wcirkint,' 
test  "\  a  \  ear  or  so  is  neeessary  when  sueh  a  ])ropiKition  as  the  new 
nietalhir-\  is  sui,",^este.l.  It  is  fortunate  for  the  rest  i.f  tlie  Rami 
that  ecmsei  .  ati\e  eouneils  prevailed,  ami  that  the  mines  of  nther 
1,'roups  (h.i  not  take  up  the  metailurt,'ieal  selu-nies  so  persistently 
pn>mul;,;ati  li  li\-  tlu'   Mrssrs,    L)enn\-, 


Till-    FILTKATIOX  OF  SLIMI-    liV  THE   BU 

MET  HOI) 

Hv    !•;    .M     Hamilton 

(Jum-   J-J  ami    L'lt     liM171 

-\s  tin.   Butlers  patt'Tit    Hltcr  has  now   ' 


'HRS 


iciT   HI    o[n'ratioti    tor 


n  .  r      tin.,  v.ars.  u  „Kn-  tan-!v  1,.  on,snl.n.,i  a  practtcal  SU.V.SS, 

;,'••''"''•  ''''■''^^'^-''-P--'''^'voa, Kta,K.,I.i..M.npt.,,n 
->  ."..i.t.on.  .onstnut.on.  and  ntHho,!  of  work,,,,.,  ,„  th..  hop. 
'''■".    '"^'^-  I-nnv  o,  ...n.ral  .nt.r.st  t<,  th.  m,n,„,  .o,nn,u„,tv 

""   "-:1  -t  a  .;l,c.rof  sonu.  so,-,  wa.  t.rst  forohlv  prrsmtMl'-o 
IK.  nM.i.  ot  Uk„-;.s  Hutt.rs  a,td  i,,s  asso.,at.s  a,  th'.r  w.,,.J  : 

on.,„allv  .!,.nv..,i  front  tin.  Cot,,s,o.k  ,,,,,,s,  l,ut,t  has  :,..,,,, J::; 
;'"'  — t-aud    s.v.rai    „,n.s    hv    th.    pan-an,a!,amat,on    pn.-.ss 

■--1  -  U   stan.ls  todav  ,n  th.  dants  ,t  ,o„ta,,,s  ahout   7,-  ,    r  cvtu 
•;'    — ■';■    'i-;.  -    unl.a<.hal,l...    and    uhuh    ntav.    th.r.fo-v     " 

'''::T7      ':^  '     •'"''    ""^  ^l>"-  -'•'-.  .xo.pt.onal   .har- 

;    '"■   ,     "   ■•'"'";""    '-"l--lnfiruh,.s..onn,.,...l    u.th   sol    :.,„   of 
tlH-  ,old   and   s,lv..r  .ont.nts,   whuh   ,t   ,s  no-    pn,„os.d   to  to,,,,, 


pnsi'd    to    tolKli 


MS,,  ,1,1.  ,n  s.„l.„,„„,  ,or,l..antat,on.  Th.  .lar,h.at,o„  pro- 
f""  '  "  ^^"^'«;'''■'"  ^-1'  as  1,„H.  ,s  p.rt..,,  1,„,  ,„.  stthsid'n^-. 
'     ,  "■,"'"  """""'  "'  "''""""   ■•-■"vc.-ahl.  ,„  th,s  wav  ,s 

nut  .not,,  n,  „..k..  tlu.  d..a„tat,o„  pro..ss  a  pra.t,.al  SU...SS. 
.  ,Mon.ha,-,.,w,tha.ourtoo„.  d.lu.  ,n.  w,lMn  2,  hours  not 
-  t  1     to   .,.  than  thr..  parts  i,v  w.„d,t  ,,;  solution  to  one  of  si,m. 

".i  .1- .lu.k.st  pulp  ohta,nahl..  hv  ,  wo  or  thr..  davs' s.ttl.nu.nt  ;,; 
"'•■  '■-!■  vats  wll  sttll  .onta.n  alun.t  two  of  solutton  to  <„t.  of  shn-,. 
.V  .u,-ious  i)oint  al 


main 


l'""t  ,1  ,s  that  vvvn  after  hntiK'  wash.,,  ,n 
han..s  o.  ..an  wat.r  to  r.„tov.  all  soluhl.  salts.  ,t  w,ll 
sfll  s.,,I.  ,n  a  n,.,l,um  o,  d.st.H.d  wat.r  ntor.  rap,dlv  ,d  .ont- 
I-^-tiv  tnan  ,n  anv  .oiut,on  h,th.,-to  t,-,.d,  wheth.T  a.,d  or  alkal,,,. 

;'''''V;'"'-''''"-^'^*''--'^ ''''''-' •'''•->'"'p''H.n,ixtur.s..,,j;;; 

^-a^ulat.  ,n,o  a    .;.lati,u,us  .urd.  and   th.  shnv   los.s  t.,    a   la^e. 
extent   its  p,,w,.r  to  s.parat.  out    !,y  j.rravitv. 


tion.il  1,\- 


V  Uispla\-.d  m  a  niark.il  man 


ann.r  th.  ph.nom.na  ni.n- 


J"l'an  and  Smart   ,n   rvamdm.  (lold  and  S.lv.r  Or.s, 


27u 


Kl-XliXT  CYAMDI-:  PRACTICE. 


namely,  tliat  toaj^'ulation  is  not  nfccssarilv  atcDiiipanifil  1]\  ijDod 
settlenient,  ami  that  under  certain  eireunistanies  e.\tessi\e  c()a>,'u- 
lation  is  positively  injurious.  In  one  instance  a  sample  ot  slime, 
from  which  most  of  the  tine  silu'a  had  been  remoxed  liv  careful 
separation,  was  dilutecl  m  the  ])n)portion  of  four  of  water  to  o.ie 
of  slime,  and  sutfieient  lime  added  to  neutralize  the  cliarj,'e  and  leave 
about  0.(1.")  i)er  cent  of  free  alkali  in  solution;  this  pulp  was  then 
placed  in  a  ),'raduated  litre  i\lin<ler,  wht  re  its  levei  stood  at  the 
NTS-c.c.  mark.  At  the  end  of  IM  hours  the  solids  had  not  sub- 
side(l  throu^ih  more  than  four  divisions  of  the  stale,  a  distance 
equivalent  to  40  t-.c.  of  solution. 

Another  fact  pointed  out  bv  the  same  authors,  in  regard  to  the 
quality  of  the  settled  slime  pnxluced  b\'  diftVTcnt  ekctroKtes,  is 
also  exemplilied  on  this  niatcrial,  for  the  use  of  caustic  jxitash  in- 
stead of  lime  produces  a  curd  of  much  finer  j^'ram.  which  settles 
better  in  e\cr\'  wa\-.  aii<l  tiiiall>"  \ieliis  a  j^'ood  elaritication  also, 
though  the  lafer  jimcecds  moP'  slowlv  than  the  subsidence  of 
the  A-ell-marked  line  of  solids,  and  the  solution  h.as  not  the  bril- 
liancy of  that  settled  with  lime.  Thus,  if  the  filter  meth(Ml  had 
not  been  adopted  it  is  jirobable  tli.it  v.iustic  sod.i  or  iiotash  would 
have   been  more  useful   than   lime   as  a   proteiti\-e  alkali. 

In  re),'ard  to  the  .settknicnt  111  distilled  water,  if  it  be  true  that 
some  deijree  of  toat;ulalion  is  a  necessary  ])retursor  to  settlement 
ami  clarification,  then  the  slime  bcini,'  treated  must  either  jtossess 
sonu'  inherent  power  to  coa^'ulate.  or  else,  in  spite  of  thorouj^'h 
washing',  must  dcwlop  suifK-ifnt  soluble  mattTial  b\-  standin<4  in 
water  to  foriii  an  elecirohte  .--ui'able  for  tb.is  jjurpose. 

It  ma\  be  interestini;  here  to  ^'i\e  a  few  results,  out  of  a  num- 
ber of  determinations,  on  the  rate  of  si'ttlenient  of  this  slime. 
J'liesc  tt'sts  Were  made  on  ,an  avera^'e  sample  such  as  is  usuallv 
treated  in  the  vats.  Tlie  aceomiiaiiyinj,'  diagram  will  illustrate. 
(See  I'ig.  .'U.i  The  arrow-heails  denote  the  defined  surface  lints  of 
sub^idinL,'  solids;  the  percentage  figures  on  the  right-h.ind  side  of 
each  c\lindcr  rejjresent  the  jiercentage  of  moisture  still  held  hv 
the  Settled  slime  at   that  point.      The  following  notes  will  ex;,..iin: 

CVLIN'DHR  XO.  I.  This  sami)le  of  slime  was  washed  in  HI 
changes  of  clear  ser\K c-w.iter,  the  operation  extending  o\er  sev- 
eral days,  and  finishing  with  distilled  water.  When  this  last  wash 
had  been  settled  and  decanted,  distilled  water  w.as  useil  to  bring 
up  the  dilution  to  4  to  1.     The  line  of  subsidence  was  well  defined 


l-ll.TKM  h>\  ii/.-   s/./.U/'.-.  071 

>r..n  tin.  ,t.n,l,u,  ,1k.  i,,iun,-,v,anu.,la  U.,n  opal  ,„„,  whi.,. 
(IKI  n.,t  .li>ap|.car  t  hroiiu'linut   the  trst 

so  as  tu  ,„su,v  hav,„^  an  approx.matdv  c  nns.an!  Mn.n.th  of  f,vj 
aka,  ,„  snlut,,,,,  ,iun„.,.  >lu.  „„>.  „f  s..,,].,,,..,,,:  ,„,lu.  cas.  „f 
t  u'  l,nu.  ,h,s  surn^.h   was  (..,);r,  p.,-  ,,,„,  ,„^,,„,„  ,     ^,„,,  „,  ^,,^^^ 

"'""■  "'"^"'- '""^'^'-  ""^  I-'- -"' .  1-th  ,n  ,..rms  „Uaus,H- pn.ash 


CThHtftT   I 


^"^•fV-S^* 


-'OM 


m,^  - — 


—  Jo 


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Cy  I  .'ndCT  II 


Cyi  I  nd«T  rn 
C««stie   pot  a  I  h. 


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cc 

E~/ooo 
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root-rf. 


cool 

— L-fto^ZJ| 

--ti'4oo^"t 


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Cy  I  I  Ti  der   V 


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l-iij  :ii 


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f^  '*%^ 


h'l-A  i:\r  (  )■  \  \ //'/■:  /'AM;  //(  /•: 


Siiiiilar  !r>l>.  m.i  Ir  uilli  miisi.lcralih  l.ivi'cr  ,i!nuuiu>  i<\  Irvc 
alkali  m  sdliiiinn,  showed  slii,'liil\  mtrnnv  ifs\ilis  ni  ilir  .  a^c  of 
ItilU'.  I'UI  a  trn(lciu\  to  ildscr  >ctt  liiiunt  with  raiistic  ]iota^h  in 
thi-  lasc  of  iwhndi  T  Xo  2.  the  liim-  Kft  a  --iiarklc  and  htiipiditv  of 
the  suiiffiiatam  soUitioti  laikiiij,'  in  that  ^cltkMl  with  rati^tu  pot- 
ash, though  thr  hittiT  inij^'ht  In-  said  to  hr  perffdU  ilra|-  unless 
eoiiipafcd  with  .\o.  J.  when  a  iliCfrrciuc  would  hciDitic  apiiarcnt. 
C'N  I.IMMvR  .\()  4.  In  this  test  the  same  amount  oi  sliiiii; 
was  taken  as  i,etoir,  and  the  same  ]iroportion  o|  water  addi'd. 
Sultic  tent  ].ure  sulphurir  aeid  was  then  iiii\e(l  with  it  to  lea\-e  a 
little  ffee  and  m  exivss  after  dissohmu'  ill  it  wuuld  ot  the  soJuMe 
iiiatirial.  In  this  medium  the  slinie  settled  heller  than  in  the 
lime   solution,   hut    the   luiuid   remained   sli,i;lill\-   opalescent. 

('\'LI.\i)KR  XO  .",  To  this  ii\e  ..■  mis  of  alum  were  adil.M! 
a'ld  allowed  t(j  dwsoh,  -iMll^  a  re-ult  iiearh"  as  i;o<.d  as  thai 
ohtauied  with  eausiie  p.iiash.  and  a  solution  of  ahout  t!ie  same 
de-ree  (it  elearness.  that  is,  ejeail.  out  laekm-  the  ahsohne  puril\- 
ot   the  lime  solution. 

The  experiments  here  i,'i\i'n  \mII  lie  suttii  lent  to  induate  the 
nature  of  the  material  to  he  treated,  w  hu  h  has  a  l^'arm-  on  the 
results  ohlaine(l   ],\    the   Use  of  the   filter. 

Alter  experiment  m,L;  with  se' eral  forms  of  \aeuur.i-tilter  units, 
tioth  ivlmdrieal  and  reetan^'ular.  the  -\siini  hereinafter  descnhci 
was   tiiiall;,-   evoked,   an.l    \crv   tew  (  hani;es   ha\e   heeii   niad<    in   il 
siiKc   the   tirst    apphanee   was  installe.l   on   a    workm,i,'   seale   in   tl. 
\'irL;inia    dw    plant 

As  at  present  eonsiru  ted  the  tilterdeaf  IS  made  on  a  frame, 
the  ui)[)er  side  of  whuli  is  formed  on  a  har  of  wood.  I;  m,  thiek 
and  ."U  in,  wide,  juared  (,n  edije.  and  Id  ft,  m  k'n.-th.  or  sutrii  unllv 
Ioiil;  t(<r  Its  ell.is  to  rest  on  top  of  the  eor.tamim,'  box  from  side 
to  snle.  (See  I'ii,',  :>."),  i  The  reinaimn,!,'  three  sides  of  the  fi'ame 
are  made  o|  i-m,  ],ipc.  one  extremitx"  of  wluh  is  flattened,  turneil 
at  a  riuht  an-h.  .md  f,rml\  liolted  to  the  under  side  of  th.e  wooden 
har.  while  the  other  extreinitv  jirojeets  tlirou.u'h  the  other  end  of 
till- same  liar,  in  order  toree<'i\e  its  c  omieetion  wit  h  thexauum- 
ehamher.  lieinj.;  'ii;htl\  elani|(ed  to  the  wood  at  the  point  where 
It  jiasses  tlirou,i,'h.  Theujiper  face  of  that  pirtion  of  the  pi]ie 
formin,^  the  ho'  in  of  the  frame  is  pierced  with  ''  i,,-in,  holes  at 
intervals  of  four  nuh.es  for  its  whole  length,  and  through  these 
the   solution   jiasses  oft'  from   the   (liter  into  tlu'   H'ceiver. 


Ml 


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A7-.(  l:.\l    (   r.l.V//'/-.   I'RMTICF. 


Till'  (iltiTiii^^  iiumIhiiii  lotisists,  tirst ,  of  a  puce  nf  cuiiia  mat, 
of  sucli  a  sizi'  as  i^xaitly   to  till  the  space   loniHMJ   |,\    tin.  frame 
(k-sc-rihcd  a^oviv      On  cither  side  oi  this  is  jilaeed  a  sheet  of  Ki-oz. 
canvas.   lart,'e   enouL;h    to   o\erlaii   the    frame.      These    three   tluek- 
nessi'S  of  maienal  are  tiien  sewed  to;,'ether  liy  inaehme  with  i)ar- 
allel   rows   of   stitdiini,'   four   inelies   ajiart,-   and   periiendieular   to 
llie  sustainmi,'  wooden  har.      \e\t,  ijie  fihenii:;  medium  so  formed 
IS  fitted  in  the  frame,  ihe  o\  erlappm.i,'  eanvas  ed    ,s  hein;,,'  >tilehed 
round    the    outMde    of    the    lUpuiL;.    and    tiu'    upper   ed-e    fastened 
to  the  Woollen  har  \<\   herni;  sunk  in  the  j,'roove  shown  m  ihe  draw- 
iti),'  and  a  lath  .Irneii  in     o\er  ii ,   wedi^mi;  it    tirmlv   m   position. 
This  lath  IS  also  made  to  fullill  anoi  jn^r  funet ion  ;  instead   of  l.iinj,'  (jf 
such  a  thiekness  as  to  he  driven  llush  with  t  lie  surface  of  the  wooil, 
11  IS  made  tcj  pKiJecl   outward  for  a  distance  of  ahoui    half  an  mch, 
and   the   under  side   of  this  jiroicclion   is.j,roo\e<l   (,r  ueaihered   so 
as  to  dellect   the  dnj-pmi^'s  of  solution   that    run  down  o|i   the  liar 
when    tile   [.ulp   is    uithdrawii.   and    ]iie\ent    them    from    trKkhn^j 
over    the    surface    of    the    ncwl\-formed    eaki'.      This    action    was 
found   to  cut    (  hannels  in   the   surfaii'  of  the   sluiic,   and   form   the 
startm,:;  ].oinis  of  era(  ks.      A   jioim   to  he   iioiiced   m   the  section 
(of  the   heail   of  the   franiei    is   the   shoulder,   formed   \<y   the   lower 
aii^'le  of  the  Wooden  top,  o\er  which  the  cainas  has  to  he  strained 
before  reaehim,'  its  attachment.      The  lack  of  supjiort  at  this  p,„nt 
between    the    lanvas   and    the    cocoa    mat    was    toimd    to    cause    u 
tendency  to  start   cracks  in  the  cake,  ancl   to  avoid   this  \W  ma- 
terial is  rendered  imperxious  with   I',  &  H,  jiaint   down  to  the  lino 
at   wliich   it   comes  in  contact    with   the   mat.   which   is  about    IJ 
in.    below    the    lower  extremit\    c,f   the    wooden    supjiort.      At    this 
point    there    is    a    horizontal    line    of    stitchini,'    holdin-,'    the    three 
thicknesses   of   materul    together,      'idle    pamt    is   also    api)liecl    all 
round  the  frame  of  pipe  in  a  border  about  an  inch  wide,  for  the 
same  reason,  and   this  has  i)roved  a  simjjle   wav  of  nieetini,'  the 
difficulty  and  j^ivini,'  the  cake  a  perfectlv  plane  surface  on  which 
to  build  itself  up. 

After  evervthin.i,'  has  been  done,  six  or  st'\-en  strijis  of  wood 
are  placed  verticallv  on  each  side  of  the  leaf,  thus  dividins.,'  it 
into  a  number  of  jianels  of  ecjual  .size;  these  reach  from  top  to 
bottom  of  the  frame  and  are  screwed  together  throuKh  the  tilterinK 
material.     They   act   as   braces   to  stiffen   the   frame   and   also  to 


.trVn«rh'an,l'  l^i^'"  *'"'  '*'"'"  '""'  "'  ^"'^'""«  ""'^"  '""■  "'^"^  ■"'"•■    "^■»  K'"'^  8^'»«r 


.  / 


M 


MICROCOPY    RESOLUTION    TEST    CHART 

ANSI  ona  ISO  TEST  CHART  No    2 


1.0 


i.l 


i  3  2 


136 


12.2 


2.0 


1.8 


1.25    III  1.4     , 


^  -APPLIED  IM/IGE     Inc 

— —  ■  '   tinsr   Wo  "    j.t'Pf-t 

=-,^  ■'est#'.    New    lorh          '»609        liSA 

'.^=  ^)   *8i  -  0300  -  Phont 

=^  •^)  288-  5989  -  ro« 


276 


KECEXT  (VAX  IDE  I'RMTU  E. 


hc/li!   llif   ran\;is   xxrtu'al  and   piXMiU   it    truui  >aK-,'iii,U  "Ht    tu  uiiu 
s..i(.'   or  the   (itlu'r. 

Fur  loc'alitii's  wIh'Vc  walcr  is  srarrc.  and  LiiMU'rallv  when-  it  is 
(Ifsiralilc  to  send  mit  a  >  i>ni]iarati\  ily  dr\'  caki-,  tlu'  tVaiiir  'if  thr 
k'at  IS  iiiiw  incjditird  tu  adniil  ><{  I  liVdwin;,'  utT  the  rake  without 
prcvinusly  snl)im-rj,'in<4  it  m  \>atrr  as  is  done  at  \'ii''^'iina  C'tv. 
Tilt'  tranif  uf  \n\tv  in  tins  case  is  madr  t(j  cxlcnd  rmnid  all  tnur 
sidrs  mstcail  of  onl_\-  tlircc.  tin-  rxt  iTir.itii'S  jiass  iliroii'^h  the 
•,\o.,di'n  liar  al  carli  I'llil  instrad  of  onl\'  at  one  end  of  it,  aiKJ  thr 
pipe  at  the  up]nT  sidr  of  the  fraiilr  is  piTforatcMi  like  thr  lower 
onr.  H\-  this  arrani^'ciiu-nt  .  water  ean  lie  injeited  iiilo  the  leaf 
alont,'  the  to]i  tliroiii,'h  one  of  the  projeetitii,'  e\tension>  of  the 
pijie,  and  sinniltaneousl\-  eonipre-^eil  air  ean  he  ailniitti'd  tlironL;h 
tile  other  pijie  into  the  lower  part  of  the  frame.  This  has  been 
found  to  make  a  jiert'eet  diseliari;e  of  t  hi'  eake  into  the  empt\' 
liox.  wheiX'as  water  alone  eoiild  not  lie  made  to  L;i\i'  a  [iroper  dis- 
C'har,<,'e    unless    the    eakc^s    were    siilimerued. 

t'onijiressed  air.  alone,  ean  ln'  used  for  a  dre  disehart^'e.  hut  it 
is  not  as  salistai'torx'  as  the  eomhination  of  water  and  air  simul- 
taneouslw      iSee  1ml;.  'M'i  i 

At  \"ii\!,'inia  C'it\-  the  eontainin;;  liox  is  an  ek'etrohtie  preeijii- 
tation  liox  whieli  was  not  iiei'ded  for  its  spet'ial  purpose  and  was 
adapted  to  the  list"  of  the  new  tilter.  lieini;  allowed  to  remain  in 
Its  oriijinal  position.  It  was  formerh-  divided  into  \'l  eompart- 
ments.  eaeli  ha\im;  a  hopiierdiottoni ;  the  partitions  were  remowd. 
and  with  them  two  of  the  sides  of  eaeli  hopper,  so  that  the  wdiok' 
s|iaee  was  \aiatil  troin  end  to  end.  and  alter  the  liea\\'  top  rails 
had  been  removed  the  result  was  a  hox  '.\\  ft.  s  in.  loii".,'  and  ii  ft. 
II  m.  wide,  the  sides  ln'ine  \ertieal  for  a  depth  of  ti\-e  li  et  and 
then   nii'etin,L;  the   X'-shapi'd   liottom. 

In  plaee  of  t  he  lo|i  rails.  1  loards  ."il  in.  wide  and  I  mthiekweiv 
placed  honzontall\-  on  the  top  cMli^es  of  the  Imx.  and  on  the  outer 
tMh^e  of  these  were  tixeil  eertieal  hoards  IJ  in  hi,L,'li  and  1,'  in. 
tlliek,  all  liemj;  widl  liohed  toilet  her  and  to  the  box,  the  result  \vas 
to  raise  the  siiles  M»  in.  Iiii,dier  than  the\-  were  when  used  for  ]ire- 
eipilation.  The  t\vo  slu'hes  till  s  formed  aloni;  t If  sides  of  ihehox 
ser\e  to  I  airv  the  ends  o|  I  he  lilleideai  1  lars  and  allow  the  Iea\es 
lo  hani;  frei-  inside  the  box  i  I"i,l;.  'M  ■  <  )n  one  side  of  the  slopini; 
b  ittoni  and.  exleiidim,'  down  to  its  lowest  point  are  four  ilisehar.<,;e- 
doors.    each    I'Uine    :iil    .iiu'rture    ot     1 L'    m      sini;ire      the    doors    .ire 


m 


i  i 


27S 


A7-:(7-..vy  (  \  i.\7/'/':  I'RAcTk  i-:. 


liiiiL;fil  (in  llicir  Idwt'i  sides,  and  srat  im  a  rulihcr  insirtion  led 
into  \hv  ir(.)n  frame;  tlu'\'  arc  clDsrd  li\-  hand,  an<l  then  held  in 
position  liy  a  Icwr.  T<i  diseharije  the  eiint(.'nts  of  the  liox  it  is 
only  neeessarv  to  shift  the  lever,  and  the  door  drops  open  liy 
its  own  wei<,;ht.  At  eaeh  end  of  the  lio.x  is  another  ihior  10  in, 
S(]uare.  throu^'h  whii'h  the  nozzle  of  a  hose  is  manipulated  tor 
fiushint;  out  an\'  hard  slime  that  ma\'  remain  behind  in  tlu'  bottom. 

When  (k'sii^nint,'  a  iontainin;,'-liox  for  the  speeial  ])urjiose  of 
the  (ilter,  tile  lines  of  the  ori},'inal  ho.x  are  dejiarted  from  as  rej,'ards 
the  shape  of  the  Ijo;  mi.  which  is  then  c(jni])osed  of  one  or  more 
iom|)lete  hoppers  of  about  (H)'  for  the  better  discharj^'c  of  the 
cakt'.  and  the  door  of  each  hopper  is  placed  at  its  apex  and  ma\' 
be  a  iL'-in.  (iuick-.)i)(.'nint,'  \'al\i'  or  aiu'  other  suitable  de\ice. 
With  siu  h  an  arran',,'i'nient  the  residue  ,i,'ra\  itates  out  without 
the   aid   of  an\'    washiuL;   with   lioses. 

At  \'ir,t,'inia  City  tlu'  i'xhaust-])um]i  is  a  converted  coinpii'ssor, 
which  happened  to  be  on  hand.  It  was  madt'  b\-  tlu-  Rix  Coiii- 
pri.'ssi'd  Air  &  Drill  Co.  of  San  l"rani,isco,  and  is  described  in 
their  tataloi^'uc  as  a  "\ertical  di'|)lcx  blowinij  en<,,nn(.'."  It  has 
two  c\linders  14  in.  b\'  .s  in.  and  is  belt-dri\  (.n,  the  crank-shaft 
makinj.;  12(1  re\'.  pi'r  mm.  Onlc  one  c\  liiider  is  used  for  the  jiur- 
])ose  ot  the  lilter,  the  oilier  ln-ini,'  connected  with  a  separate  drum 
and  used  to  form  a  \  acuum  foi-  drxiii;,^  out  tin.'  final  washes  trom 
tln'    sand-lcachiii!,'   \-ats. 

The  \acuuill-ilrum  is  of  riveted  boiler-plate,  and  is  :}  ft.  N  in. 
diameter,  1 .'{  ft.  4  in.  Ion;;,  standing;  ujiri^ht  on  its  end.  The 
pijie  from  the  \acuuni-punip  enters  ,it  the  to]),  while  the  injie  ccjii- 
nectin^;  with  llu'  lilter-.  inters  4  ft. from  the  buttnm.  At  or  near 
the  bottuin  a  drain-]iipe  enters,  t'lr  rcmoNin.i,'  the  solution  as  it 
IS  dr.iwii  in  from  the  tilter-lcax'is.  This  pipe  passt's  down  int<i  a 
small  sump  L'.'  ft.  below.  So  that  the  solution  will  drain  b\-  s,'ra\itv 
and  kec])  the  chamber  cmjitc.  Thi'  le\ei  of  the  solution  in  tlu' 
sump  is,  uf  coui'se,  alwaws  k(-]il  abo\e  the  dischal'i^e  to  p'rcNfiU 
the  enlrance  uf  air  into  the  drum.  The  awrat;*,'  bani;::ctric  pres- 
sure at  tlu'  Icx'el  uf  the  \vorks  is  24..")  and  the  a\cra,i;e  \acuum 
maintained  is  2'-'.."  m.,  wliich  i>  in<lii.a'o  d  bv  a  column  uf  mercurv 
conncclcd  Willi  the  drum.  A.-,  the  small  rccei\in,i;-sunip  tills  with 
solution.  11  IS  pciiodicallx  pumped  into  a  .-tora,v'e-\al .  Iroiii  which 
it   Jiassis   til   the   ]iieci]iitaliiili-biixes. 

lioUail  111  tin  iir\   \  lu  u  Li  iVi-i  itirci)  >  a  it' I  L,'i"a"v'iT  \-«  irairiaiji.  ,  ii   V\\  t 


/■'ILTKAT/OX  OF  >7./.U/-; 


279 


\;n  luini-jiuHip  iiiav  ]ic  usol.  uiin  ii  wmiiIiI  dljMati.'  t  lir  tuit'ssilv 
for  plariii.L;  a  .sulutu  >ii-mihiij  20  {n  .'{()  ft.  l>clu\v  tlic  tilt(.T-k\cl.  in 
cases  wIrtc  such  an  arran,L,'i-'nu  lit  mi'  1-     \ir  dil'tiiult  'ir  uiiiK  sli-atilo. 

Tlu'  filliT-l('a\  cs  arr  plan  il  in  \hv  >  i  intaiiiinL;-li()\  at  a  (iistaiue 
from  each  utlKr  nt  almut  inuv  iiulus  frdtn  rmtrc  to  rent  re,  and 
arc  then  rrady  to  lir  coniU'Ctcil  with  the  Naiuimi-druni.  One 
space  is  usually  litl  \acant  niidwa}'  alotn,-  the  ]>n\  to  allow  acress 
t(j  the  surlaci'  ot  the  leaf  for  purposes  cjf  measuring,'  the  foriiiation 
of  the  i-ake,  and  also  of  adniiuin.L;  an  t'lettrit-  li,L;ht  to  ol.->er\e  its 
condition  after  tlic  eliar;,'e  of  jnilj)  lias  liecn  withdrawn.  Ijloeks 
of  wo(]d  arc  fastened  on  ihc  shelves  that  earrv  the  lilterdeaf  liars 
to  aet  as  sjiaeirs  between  tile  lea\es.  and  it  is  ;,'enerall\-  found  ad- 
\isatile  also  to  -jse  a  lini'  of  Moeks  or  iron  elanijis  down  the  eeiitre 
of  'he  row  of  frames  to  prevent  the  liars  from  sa^L^Ki".!,'  horizoiitallv 
tcjward  one  another  under  the  wei^jlu  of  tli.'  eake.  The  ends 
ot  the  liars,  too,  need  to  he  held  down  in  their  places  liv 
wooden  luittons.  to  prcvi'iU  them  from  tloalin.L,'  u]i  li\-  the  action 
of  the   liou>anc\-   of  tnc   thick  jiulji. 

A  4-in.  pipe  runs  the  wliole  len>,'th  of  one  side  of  the  contaitiin'^- 
liox,  and  lias  a  nuinlicr  of  small  horizontal  lioli's  liored  in  it,  one 
exattl\-  o\er  each  filtcrdeaf:  into  tacli  hole  is  si  re  wed  a  Jdn, 
ni])plc  and  plui,'-coek,  on  the  further  side  <if  which  is  a  union 
into  which  screws  the  sniill  end  of  a  reducin,L;  ell;  tlie  lar,i;e  end 
of  the  small  ell  enters  a  short  len,i,'tli  of  rulilier  lio.se,  which  con- 
nects with  the  [irojt'ctin.L;  end  of  pipi'  from  the  filter-frame  I  I'll,'. 
.'>5i.  Thus,  liv  unscrewin.i,'  the  unmn  ,inv  nuiividual  k'af  ma\  lie 
disconnceti'il  and  renvivi'd  from  the  ho.\  in  a  few  mii    :tes. 

At  each  end  of  the  4-in.  pipe  is  a  (]uick-oi)emm,' \alve  ;  one  is 
(.■onnected  with  the  \acuuni-drum,  and  by  opening;  it  the  suition 
is  ajiiilied  to  the  filters.  The  other  unites  with  a  low-pressure 
water-service  of  about  L'O  ft.  head,  and  throu";h  it  water  is 
admitted  between  the  two  sheets  of  can\as  for  the  jiurpose  of 
detachin.i,'  the  residiK'-take  prior  to  disehari,nn,t,'. 

There  is  als(;  a  j'-in.  jiipt'  runniii,t,'  all  around  the  top  of  the  bo.\ ; 
this  has  holes  pierced  in  its  under  side,  and  is  connected  with  a 
small  s;)luti()n-vat  above:  its  function  is  to  form  a  sprav  to  wash 
down  the  sides  of  the  box  when  the  pulji  is  withdrawn,  so  as  to 
reduce  to  a  minimum  the  amount  of  slime  introduced  into  the 
solution-vat  when  the  subsequent  wash  is  thrown  back,  and  also 
;:;    immir.iic    tnc    loss   ol    vaiUaide   soiuium    m    eases    wiii'ie,    as   at 


iC 


l-Ii:i'l<.\Tln\  ()/■    ^I.IMI-: 


281 


\'iri,'iiiia   ("il\-,    a    u  .itir-wash    tillnws    dirirll)    cm    ttic    uil  lidrawal 
lit  the  stirphis  pulp  ami  is  iliM'har.;r'l  with  t!u'  rcsKhu-rakis. 

Till'  iliar>^'i'  ><i  >\\mv.  atUT  liciiii,'  trcatcl  1,\-  ai,'italiijii  in  llic 
urdiiiarx  \va\  ,  hut  iimI  liavini;  rrrci\T(i  anv  siil.siM|ucnt  u-aslirs,  is 
allMWrd  In  M'WV-  inr  J.  \  Ikjui's  in  tln'  irratiiirnl  \at.  When  the 
ili-ar  siiluiinn  ha^  hrcn  'k'(  aiitcil,  \hv  ihar,u;t'  is  stirrni  up  ami 
run  into  a  cK^p  set  i  Irnu-nl -vat .  (if  whuli  tluTr  arr  \]\wv  m  use  at 
the  prrsrnt  IllUr,  Ilrl-f  It  srttlrs.  Usuallx'  I'ur  two  (ir  tllR'C  (ia\'S, 
and  truni  lim',  after  lirin:^  (Ircanlrd  as  rluscl\-  ;is  |i(>s-,ililf,  it  is 
takm   (liriHll\^   inici   \\\v   tiltcT. 

This  ilH'thn.l  ,.f  fcfdm:^'  the  tiller  wurks  well  wit  h  tlir  pceuiiar 
slinir  under  diseussioii.  hut  fur  the  nimv  ordinarx'  kinds  uf  slmie 
and  partieularl\-  when  there  is  inueli  line  silica  present,  it  is  fciund 
aih'isahle  tn  ha\i-  the  stutk  iiulji-vat  titled  with  a  ineehanieal 
stirnnLj-.Lrear  id  kccji  the  slinie  from  setthns,'  t(in  hard  f.ir  iiunip- 
inur  and  tn  L,'i\i'  a  huinoi^'eneiius  ]iriiduet  tn  the  tiller. 

All  transfers  in  eniineelinn  with  t he  fillerini;  prneess  are  jier- 
tortned  hy  a  sin.Ljle  ti-in.  eentrifu.Ljal  jiunip  isee  i'ii,'.  :iNi  with  \alves 
ami  lexers  sn  arran<,'e<l  that  the  man  in  i-har,L,'e  ean  earr\-  out  each 
operatinii  withniii  nit.xiiii,'  from  one  spot.  I'mm  an  examination 
ot  the  Jiipe-eontleetions  with  this  pump  it  will  he  set'ii  that  it  will 
first  draw  pulp  from  the  t"eed-vat  and  throw  up  ihroui^h  the 
holtom  of  the  tilter-hox;  next,  it  will  draw  from  the  tiller  and 
throw  haek  thrnui;h  the  hnttnm  nf  the  feed-\al;  it  will  then 
draw  Injm  eitlur  snlutinn-\at  nr  water-tank  to  till  the  tilterdiox 
and  ri'turn  the  saiiH'  to  wlK're  it  eame  from. 

This  ma>' look  (.(jinplieated  on  paper,  hut  it  is  perfeetlv  simple 
for  the  ojierator.  and  a  new  hand  will  learn  the  whole  routine  in 
a  coui)le  of  days.  Within  easv  reach  are.  tirsl.  the  clutelidever 
for  startini.,'  and  stoppin;.,'  tlie  ti-in.  jiumj).  ami  another  for  the 
4-m.  C(.'ninfui;al  used  for  emjityin!.,'  the  drain  solution  sump; 
.second,  two  small  winches  connected  with  wire-i'ord  with  the 
two  .'5-wa\'  valves,  each  havini,'  a  dial  indicator  visihlc  from  his 
station  to  show  exactly  the  ])osilion  c.f  the  valve;  third,  four  injn 
handles  projeetini;  throu>,'h  the  floor  at  his  feet ,  for  opening'  and 
closing;  the  st  raieht -way  valves  of  tlie  svsicm;  these  also  are 
markeil.  so  that  there  ma>  he  no  mistake.  Within  three  feet  v.i 
where  he  stands  the  tilter-hox  is  situated,  and  close  alon,i,'side  is 
the  v.aeuum-drum  with  its  mcreury-gau<4e.  and  ^'atc  for  opening' 
ami  ciosini;  liie  main  vacuum-pipe;  and  M)  tt.  awav.  on  the  same 


ill 


i 


'JSJ 


A7-.(/' Vy  (V  1  \7/'/-:  I'KM  TH  I-: 


lt\rl.  i-<  the  \;<Ki'  lliat  ailiiin>  water  I'l  llir  Ua\i.'S  fur  drtacliiiiK' 
tllr  cakr.  Tlius.  the  niih'  '  n.  lasii  ms  nil  which  hr  ilciil  iHuNr  niuro 
Ihaii  a  Irw  l\rl  a\\a\'  trmii  his  italmn  arc.  (ii  when  lie  has  tu  ^;<) 
lirlnw  \n  iiianiiiulatf  ihr  (iisrharL;e-ili><irs  of  the  hnx,  i  ■_' i  when  he 
has  til  I  haiiLje  fnnii  nrie  Ieeil-\at  to  the  next  one.  ailil  loi  when  il 
is  iieeessarv   to  oil  or  |iaek  one  of  the  punijis. 

MKTIIOI)  ()!•  l'R()Ci;i)fRi:,  it  is  assiinie,!  iliat  thetilter- 
liox  IS  I'Hiptx'  ami  one  of  tlie  deiji  si'It  lenient  --Nats  has  heeii  ehari,'eil 
to  its  full  eapauts-  ami  has  hail  lime  for  M-ttlcllleilt  ami  deeanta- 
tion.  and  that  the  pulp  tliereiii  is  eotnposed  of  aliout  one  part  of 
slinielo  Iwooi  sohitinn  This  \at  lias  six  l2-iii.iron  pKr^'s  in  the 
hottoiil.  eoiineeted  li\-  iron  rods  lo  a  seri-w  and  wheel  attaehnient 
at  the  top  of  t  he  \-at ,  li\-  whieh  t  he\'  ina\-  Ik-  opeiU'd  or  elost  d  from 
alioxe.  'Idle  seals  of  these  \al\es  are  all  eomiei'teil  \,\  tees  to  tile 
(j-m.    pijie   of   the   eentrifuL,'al   pump. 

In  order  to  put  the  lilter  in  operation,  t  he  shift -man  first  opens 
up  two  of  I  he  plu,i,'s  in  the  deep  \at  ;  he  then  reiurns  to  his  station 
and  opens  the  xahc  hetweell  the  \al  and  the  piim|i.  and  lr\-  turii- 
iiii.;  his  wimlies  sets  tin-  .'{-wa\-  \al\"es  in  ])osition  to  draw  from  the 
fee(l-\at  ail<l  diseh.ar^e  into  the  liottom  of  the  tilter-liox.  As  sunn 
as  the  liox  IS  fu;:  the  pump  is  .stopped  and  the  \al\-e  to  thu 
\aeuum-druni  is  opened,  puttim,'  eaeh  tilterdeaf  in  direet  loill- 
iiiunieation  with  the  \  ;n  iium-])um]),  whieh  is  now  in  aetioii.  X'erv 
soon  a  suhsidenei'  in  tlu'  le\el  of  the  pulp  is  apparent,  due  to  the 
withdrawal  of  liquor  throUi,di  the  tillers;  the  (i-iii.  jaimp  is  then 
started  at,'ain  to  su])ply  fresh  jiulp  to  tln'  liox.  and  this  is  repeated 
at  short  interxals  scj  as  to  keep  the  le\cl  of  the  iiulji  alwa\s  aliove 
the  line  (if  perniealiilitx'  of  the  leaxcs.  The  solution,  whieh  is 
drawn  from  the  pulp  into  the  \  amum-drum  eontinualK'.  i,'ra\  italcs 
into  the  small  sump  and  is  penodiealK'  pumpi'd  into  the  ]ireeipita- 
tion   \at.   as   liefore   deserihed. 

The  thiekness  (it  cake  allowed  to  accumulate  on  the  leaves 
\aries  from  ,'1(1  one  iiuh  aivl  t  Ik'Sc  seem  to  he  the  ('(.iinoniieal  limits ; 
a  thiekness  of  oxer  one  iiuh  neet'ssitales  a  dispro]iorti(inatidv 
lons,'er  time  to  colli  it  and  wash  the  eaki',  heeause  the  ik'positiun 
lieconies  slower  and  slower  with  incri'ased  thiekness,  and  the  cake 
IS  more  lialile  to  droj)  from  its  sujiport  when  the  pulp  is  with- 
drawn; while  if  less  than  ,'  in.  lie  used  eeonontx'  is  ai;ain  inter- 
fered with  (iwinjr  to  the  time  neeiled  for  the  suhsecjuent  ojieratii.in.s 
tieinj,'  sjii'iii  o\i'r  too  sinaii  a  tonna^H'  of  maleriai. 


/■ILTKA'l.-oX  oi-    sI.IMI: 


.'s.l 


Till'  tiiiH'  lUTiit'il  ti)  acruimilaU'  a  ,'-iir  laki'  varies  with  the 
aiiunirt  of  nioisturr  hchl  in  the  I'lilii  and  with  the  iiualit\-  of  tlic 
slinu'.  and  nia\-  ho  from  I")  minutes  to  an  hour.  The  jiro^'ress  of 
formation  is  estimated  from  time  to  time  li\-  reaeliinj,'  the  hand 
helow  the  le\el  of  the  pulp  and  ]iassin,L;  a  short  stiek.  sueh  as  a 
\vo(.)(k'n  match,  throu^di  tlie  cake  and  noting'  the  measurement 
hetwet'n  ttie  ian\as  surfaee  ami  tlu'  tin,v;er  and  thunih. 

As  soon  as  the  ni'eessar\' point  hasheen  reai'lu'd  n'o  iiKjre  pul])  is 
supplii'd  to  tile  Ikjx,  but  the  ;j-v.a\-  vah'es  lieint;  i\'\-ersed,  the  pum]) 
is  at^'ain  started,  wlien  the  suction  and  deli\-er\'  lines  reverse  tluir 
tunetions  and  the  jmlp  remainini,'  in  the  1mi.\  is  withdrawn  and 
thrown  haek  into  the  feed-\at.  Imnieiiiatelv  after  starting;  this 
res'erse  motion  of  the  pulp,  a  small  vaU'e  is  jiartiallv  opt'ned  ;  this 
admits  air  to  the  \aeuum-drum,  and  is  so  res,,'ulated  that  tlie  mer- 
eurv  shall  not  rt  .twister  over  six  to  nine  inehes  \aeuum.  Tlie  correct 
hei^dit  for  each  kiml  of  slime  has  to  he  asct'rtaine<l  li\  trial,  the 
object  beini;  to  ha\e  it  as  low  as  i)ossible  consistenth,-  with  holdini,; 
the  lakt'  in  contact  with  the  camas.  This  is  an  important  jioint  ; 
durmt,'  the  pnliminarv  exiieriments  it  was  found  that  wdien  tlu' 
box  was  i^mptied  of  pulp  anil  the  surfaces  (jf  the  cakes  exposi'd  to 
tile  atmosi)here,  the  ]iassa,i,;e  of  air  throu,i,'h  tlu'  ])<i.-es  rajiidh'  dried 
the  dcpositeil  slime  and  cau.sed  cracks,  which  ri'iidereil  ;i  jpcrfcct 
washini,'  of  the  residue  impossiljle,  B\-  lowering;  the  \acuuni  to 
a  jioint  sutticient  to  h,.;d  the  cake  tirmh-  in  ]iositioii  and  \v{  cause 
a  minimum  of  air  to  pass  through  :t .  the  dit'ticultv  was  overcome 
and    the    erackin.i;    ])re\cnted. 

When  theliox  is  nearl\- ein[it  >,  the  sjirax- of  solution  is  turned 
on,  washini,'  down  tlie  sides  and  bottom,  and  reTno\in,i,'  an\-  li^'ht 
slime   that  may   be  adherin,!,'  to   them. 

As  soon  as  the  last  of  the  pulj)  has  been  femii\cd.  tlu'  main 
slime-\alve  is  closed,  ;ind  another  one  is  opened  to  admit  preci])i- 
tated  solution  to  the  puni[).  b\-  wliich  means  the  filters  with  their 
adlierint;  cakes  are  aijain  complctel\-  cowred  with  li(|uor.  As 
soon  as  this  has  been  accom]lli^hed  the  air-vahe  is  closed,  and  the 
full  \acuum  a  second  time  thrown  on  the  lea\'es,  so  as  to  draw  the 
wash-solution  through  the  cake  and  displace  th.t  dissolved  ,i;old 
and  silver  ci.mtained  therein,  the  le\el  beinj;  maintaineil,  as  lud'ore, 
s(j  as  to  keep  all  lilterini,'  surface  coxereil  with  solution.  The 
time  re(|uired  for  this  wash  vanes  witi;  the  thickness  of  the  cake 
and   the   (luamity   ot  solution   that   it   is  deemed   desirable  to  pass 


II 


.'M 


KlA    l:\  I     (    )-   Willi:    I'KAl    I  It    /■:. 


k:;1 


llimtn^h    It        As   ;i    yu\v   n    is   Icnui'l    that    l'\    ■Irawiiv^   tlif^U'^li    .111 

,ltll>'UIlt     lit     li(|\liir    iMjUal    tn    tWHC    the    alllnutlt     ut     tllnlstUtr    IliM    111 

t  he  laki'  .1  sutlii  ictit  disjihu  cuiciit  is  ct'ln  tcil  ti  ir  |ir:u  i  n  .il  fi'i|uirr- 
Dictils  111    lascs.    linwi'xrf,    \\lic'r    till'    sdhitiMii    air(itii|iaii\  uil; 

tlif  |iul|i  Is  cspciialK  ncli  in  i,'iiM  aH'l  sihcf.  a  wash  rinial  111  i|uan- 
tit\-  t(i  tiiii'c  tiiiirs  that  III  tlir  mnisttii'i'  111  the  la'r  iiia\  lia\r  In 
111'    l,'!\rtl  W'h.rll    the    washill'^    prmrss    has    lirrll    i-iiiiMllllr.l     li.llii 

I  imu'^h.  the  \'utuim  is  a,i;ain  lnwi  rcil.  ami  li\  re  set  tiii'^'  the  :{-\\a\- 
\al\(s  thr  frniainiiii;  snhitiun  is  f't  tiriicil  tu  the  \  at  uluiur  it 
catiH'.  iSic  iliai,'rain  ut  imiiiii  iiiiiiitrtiuiis,  [-'il;.  'M  >  'I'lic  sDlutmn- 
\al\c  IS  tlun  iliisni  aini  water  is  tlimwii  tlirnu'^li  tin-  riiinmuii 
(i-iii  pipe  until  tin-  tiltcr  Icaxrs  arc  a,L;aiii  su!inicrL;cil ;  tiir  \aimim 
Is  imt  Mil  tiir  a  tew  tninutLS  tu  ilispjacr  an\-  snlutuiii  tliat  nia\  lie 
ixiiiL,'  111  tlir  pipi'S,  and  is  tlu'ii  t'iitir(.l\-  rtit  nt't'  and  tin-  \al\f  is 
iipnird;  watrr  then  cntrrs  caili  leaf  thrmi^h  tlic  \aiuum  inn- 
nrrtiiMis.  tlirnwini;  iitV  the  lakr.  which  drops  tn  the  Imtt'iin.  and 
rlcatisini,'  the  can^'as  in  prrparatiuti  tnr  the  nrxt  rhari^'c.  All  that 
iiiiw  ix'iiiams  tn  lie  dmu-  is  tu  nprn  thr  tmir  disihar,L;r-di "  irs  and 
allnw  tlu'  ciintints.  Imth  watrr  and  hard  sliiui',  tn  ,i;ra\iliitr  tn  tin- 
wastr-daiii,  npcii  the  end  dnnrs.  and  wash  nut  the  intirinr  tlinr- 
nu'^hh'  with  tin-  hnsr.  At'icr  (.Insini,'  all  thr  dnnrs  thi'  hitrr  is 
reads'  fnr  a  new  ihart,'i'. 

l'reri]iitatcil  snlutinn  is  nut  iinariahh  used  Inr  di.>plaein'^' 
the  \alualile  ninistureiii  the  lake ;  when  the  sinek  nt  snlutmn  m 
eireulatinn  thrnuuli  tin-  plant  is  Inw,  it  is  l.rnui;ht  u]!  tn  tmlk  ti\- 
usiiv^'  wati  r  instead  nt  snlutinn  fnr  this  ]nir]inse,  m  this  easi  nt  eniirsi.', 
the  neeessitv  fnr  a  transfefenee  alter  washing;  is  reillnxed.  and. 
wlun  the  re(|uisite  nunilier  nf  Inns  nf  water  has  lieeti  drawn 
thrnu^di  the  eake  it  is  at  miee  disehar,i,'ed,  tni^ether  with  all  the 
surplus  water  reniainiii'-;  in   the  hnx. 

Ill  Inealities  where  water  is  searee  it  is  nnt  necessary  tn  wasti' 
all  the  water  standing,'  in  the  hnx  at  the  time  the  eake  is  tlirnwn 
ntf:  liefniX'  duinjiiiit;  the  residue,  this  water  may  he  decanted  to 
the  level  nf  the  slinie  and  stnrcii  fnr  further  use. 

At  the  .Miiias  I'rietas  plant  nf  Charles  Mutters  &  Co..  enni- 
]ireSsed  air  alnnc  is  usid  for  drn|)piny;  tlic  cake,  and  the  ixsiilue  is 
run  nut  tn  the  dump  in  lars.  The  use  n\  water  and  air  tni^elher. 
hnwever.  as  alnaih'  descrilKil.  is  considered  an  imprnvcmcnl. 

WORKIXi;  COSTS  AT  VIKC.I.MA  CITY.  The  two  chief 
it<'nis  nf  expense  are  pnwer  and  lahnr. 


I-II.I  KM  l(i\  Oh    >I.IMI:.  _'s- 

I  l-.iti'ir  .\^aln.iil\  >i  .itn  I .  I  he  tilhr  riiniiiis  i  iiil\  i  mr  man 
"II  I '^  11  1 1  ->liili  ,  nr  I  hni'  men  \<>r  _' I  liciurs.  Takmi;  I  lie  rair  ot  wa-i  s 
a-  >;:{  piT  S  I  Mill  |-  sliiii  ,  lii,.  1,1 1  "jf  1,1  II  \m11  anii.iiiu  ),,  S!»  i,,r  lian'lliii'j 
!."((  tipii^  111  >htiif.  Ml-  t),     per  lull 

-'-  I'liwir  Thr  pniuipal  (li\  isKiii--  ,irr,  I  he  1)  in  ccnt.ili  al, 
lla-  l-in  cinl  ntiiL;al.  llu-  \  arunni -piiiii]i,  ani!  llic  mtv  K  I'-piin.p  f.  .r 
supphuii;  thr  tank  w^v<\  to  tiinii-,li  lie  ,(•-p!■^^^un■  t«.r  sluu  iii'^  i.nl 
the  rcsi.lur.  'I'lif  walrr  umiI  lur  tillmL;  tin-  hux  aii'l  tur  i  lirMWin- 
nil  lilt'  take  IS  i,'ra\ilalr.l  iiitd  ini    |ilant  aii'l  ii-r>  ik,  powrr 

p,,^  'I'lif  ti-in  i(ntnliii,'al  niakis  I .  Hll  r  p  in  ,  ami  w  lim  ninniiv^' 
takrs  _'.'  h  ji.  DuniiL;  utu'  npiration  dt'  tlir  tilttr  tins  |>iniip  run-- 
a>   lullous; 

"piT.iti-n  M, „,,!.•.. 

I'lllnii;  wit  li  jiiilp IJ 

MatntainiiiL,'  pulp  at  (UU'  \v\v\ ," 

Ivm]it  \in,i; |2 

I'illmi;  wit  li  snlutinti ]2 

Maintamini;  runstant   K\rl ;> 

l--nipi\  ini,' 12 

I'lllini,'  with  waUT 12 

Total 70 

Till'  linwiTllscd  is  tlu'l"C'ti)iv  r(Hii\alcllt  tu  J!)  lip.  lltv  I'nwtf, 
as  supiilicd  hy  tln'  lilcctrir  Puwer  Cmnpanw  ros's  appfdxiniatth- 
Ir.  piT  li.]).  lir..  SCI  tlR'  lost  (it  runnint,'  the  tiMti.  pump  is  _".tr.  tor 
(.■ai'li    charj,H',   or    l..";4(.'.    per   ton. 

Till'  4-in.iTntrit'u,i,'al  pumji  makes  I.HdO  r.p.m.  and  ti.ses  10  h  p. 
Durm.i,'  onr  (iiHTaiioii  it  runs  '.\A  min.,  equal  to  (i.."  lip,  l:r  .  '^ixini; 
a  iDst  nt  .'.()(.  tor  (.■atli  ihart,'e.  or  ()..'-{o.  per  ton  of  slimu. 

The  \aruuni-pump  runs  2  Iir.  20  min.  for  caili  iliar,i,'(.',  tak- 
ing' N  h.p.  or  IS.li  h.p.  hr.,  ecjual  to  IS.Iic.  cjr  Ic  per  ton. 

The  water-serviee  pump  runs  alioul  10  hr.  per<iav,  usinj,'  ^ 
h.p.,  or  '.H\  h.p.  hr..  whieh.  di\ide(l  ovi-r  l.'.O  tons  of  slinie,  i,'i\es 
a  I'ost  of  O.L'e.  [ler  ion. 

Tlm^  til,,  ti.t-il  .net  .a'  iw.Ti-...-    .,..f  .,,.,  .,/■  ,  i;„,..    ; f„ii _. 


I 


.'sr> 


KlA    l:\  I     (    )\\'ll>l'.    I'l<\(    lit    /•;. 


ti  in    piuiip 
I  III    iiiiniip 

\',ii  Ulllll    |illlllli 

WaUr-M  r\  u  f 


Per  T..n 
SO  (11.-,  I 
II  llll.'id 
II  III  (III 
II    lllljll 


Tut,, I 


-11    ICillt 


'■\       Ki  |Mir>       Tin    <inl\    ripaii^  nt  aii\'    >  unsciiuciii  c  ari-  liioso 
til  tlir  ti  111    punip       AI'Miii  'iiui-  a  iiinnili  tlii^  |iiiiii]i  iircils: 


I  \i.i\v  i>l  liiu  rs 

1  disc  

I  sliaft 

Mrrliani'  ■>  lal">r  i  _'  lir.  at  .",IK 


S_'  nil 

n  :;" 

I  SI  I 

I  nil 


Total 


Its    1  ,- 


Tlii^  l'"r   l,"lllt  tuns  t;i\rs  a  Ki>t 'if  0  _'(     [.(rtmi        Tiir  ninniiiL; 
fX[icn-.f>  \s  ill  l>r: 


I'liwi  r    .  

Rcijaifs  

Ti\  atiti''  lra\(  -^  w  itli  acid 


I'lT  T.  m 

SI  I  I  Mil  II I 

II  li.'tilt 

n  iiii_>il 

II  iiir.il 


Tutal 


SI)    III71 


These  fi;..;ure>  wrre  rutniiileil  when  (iiil\  line  liltcr-liox  was  in 
use,  siiiee  then  a  steuiKl  has  lieeil  installed,  and  as  one  ni;in  .attends 
to  hiilll,  the  eost  (it  lalmr  ll.i^  ei  inie  dnwn  to  ;!e,  per  ton.  ^llo\\■in^' 
a  total  workni'^  eo^i  ,,]  ahoin   Ne.  per  ton  of  ^linie. 

.\i)Ti;S  nX  Wi  ikKl.Xi;,— It  will  l.e  notuvd  from  what  has 
heeii  said  ahout  \\a>liin,u;,  that  the  praeliee  ,at  \'ir,t;inia  Cite  at  this 
time  w  a'^  to  nse  eii  her  a  sohit  ion-w.-i-,h  or  a  w  .ate r- wash  ,  tun  noi  both 
on  ane  ;4i\-en  elia!-;^'e  The  reason  f.ir  this  wa--  that  t'l''  pa.rtieiilar 
shiiie  lieiiiL;  lre;ile(l  was  siU'h  that  it  would  not  stand  hein;,;  twiec 
exposed  to  the  action  of  the  air  without  er.icks  forinins,'  in  the 
C'lkc,  This,  howe\er.  i-~  not  tlie  ease  with  all  shnies,  and  it  is 
usualh-  found  th.at  a  wasli  of  solution  tr.,i\'  first  lie  <'i\en  and  then 


i-ii.i  i<  \i h'\  Kh  -^i.iMj-:. 


287 


.1  fiirllKi-  [.triu.l  I.I  w  .it(  r-wa^li,  W  lit  re  [iii>Ml.Ir  \\n,-  laiur 
:irf,iiii:iiiu  III    i>  inrlrr.iMr,   lnTauso.  as  a  rule,   wluti  iisinj,'  water 

.il'  .lie  II  Is  nil|  instil. Ir  I'l  i^'JM'  a  sllftirK  III  inialll  ll  \  lur  ctTri  I  i\  r  i!l-- 
plarciiiciit  wiihiiul  I '\  ii>I(i(,-kini,'  llir  plaiil  with  wiak  s(,nii|,,n. 
\\liuli  liiiallv  has  in  In  run  In  wasir,  anil  llu-  L:ninL^  "t  an  ailc- 
iliiatc  wash  wiih  liarnn  si,hiiinn,  tulldWi'il  l.\  a  i|uaniii\  nl  water 
siitVicicnt  to  ciinipcTisalr  fur  tin    ilailv  Iiks,  s  m  i  hi    stm  k.  anil  tlnis 


•l     0', 

VIRGINIA      CiTV     FlLTtR- 
PRECl  P  1  T  A  TE  t)    SOLUT 

ASS  AV  S  -  GOLD  'o  OK. 
i5         !o        -^s        f.<".        7,".         ao 

WA'=iMlMO     CV.)Rve. 

ONI  uc,  edtmpoghout. 
-   '^  1  Lv  E  n    o  07  Oi. 

lOTj         liO          1^^         tDO         H.S 

tflO   - 

»  oo 

V 

J .              1 

O  93 
0  90 

o  as 
o  ao 

0  T3 
O  TO 
O  <>5 
OOO 
0  55 
O  30 
045 

o  to 

0  35 
0  5C 

0*5 

\ 

' 

-  r-            1 

\ 

1 

i 

\ 

\ 

■       1                  '\              ' 

1 

I 

i                  \\ 

'                          \ 

1         \ 

' 

!     \ 

\ 

! 

\ 

1 

!                  s. 

i                .               i               i 

j                                           >y 

1  , 

1 

1 

O  15 

O  iO 

0  05 

0 

1         i                  !"^ 

1 

1 

■      t-           ■■    !                ■         - 

. 





1 

i 

l-i-,  -M). 

ilisplaeiiiL;  as  nnu  h  as  iiossiMr  nf  the  r\anitlr  ivniairiiiL;  in  the 
cake,  s^aiiiTallv  rrsults  in  a  better  sa\-iiit;  of  i'\ani<le  than  is 
obtained  b\-  the  \'iri,'inia  Citv  jiraetiee.  Another  melhtjd,  where 
it  is  not  possible  to  j;i\'(-  the  double  wash,  is  to  add  to  the  wasli- 
solution  each  dav  just  enou.s,')!  water  to  maintain  the  lialance  of 
stock  liquor  in  the  plant;  th's  ,i,'ives  more  uniform  results  than 
alternating  between  solution  and  water,  and  is  sometimes  j)refer- 
able. 


I 


_'ss  A7-,(  l-:.\  I    (  WWiDI-:  i'KACTli.  /•:. 

Willi  rc'^anl  in  llic  lime  ni-cfss;ir\'  i'dv  wasliiiv,,'  llu'  rake,  llic 
ir.ili'jrlant  i"Miit  i>  llir  i|uant!i\'  "I  S'lhiiion  ilial  i--  ilrawn  llinni'^h 
it;  m  a  L^urii  linii-  I  In-.  \'arii->  l.i'lwrcii  wnlr  limit--  'Aitli  (lillrvml 
cla-M--  nf  -liiiir  I-"i-,  ^illaml  4(iarc  t  w  m  (harts  if  the  frsults  u|' 
llir  wash  at  \'iix'inia  ('i1\'  'I'luTr  is  an  mtirx'al  i>!  twn  nr  tlircr 
wiTks  l.ctwcrn  tlur  In  "iir  ut'  thciii  sMlutinii  al'iiic  was  iisr'l, 
aili]  in   thr  (itlur,   water.      'I'lu'   fate  nl  prfii  ilat  !■  in   was    Is  Iniis  |irr 


♦  /    ;s 

.    !  R  G  1  N 

A    C  1  T  Y 
WAT 

-1^              *pO 

r  1  u  T  E  R  -  w  iv  ^  M  1  r-.J 
t  R    US  ED     T  M  POU  C 

o    c 

M    O  ' 

1?.^ 

T. 

i"30 

Ib5           '9 

J  .^.« 

\ 

/  .05L 

--N 

1 

1             '              1 

i 

! 

0  93 
O.90 
O  80 
O  60 
O  T5 

o  ro 
O  6S 
0  6o 
O  55 
O  SO 
O  'VS 

i 

\- 

1 

^ 

' 

t 

\ 

\ 

\  I 

\' 

V 

' 

\           '      '      1      ■      ' 

\              .        :        !        .        1 

\    :      ' 

1             1 

O-40 
O  55 

i  \     !          '           '          ^                     ;                     ' 

^     •    ■■          !              '      \'    '              i              1              ;              ■            ':                             ! 

O  50 
0*5 

o  eo 

O    15 
O    10 
O  05 

o 

1 

\ 

1 

:           \    " 

!             i             ' 

1     >^              ' 

1         l\    i         !         '                  1 

— -   ■         — 1 

1 

N      I      '      - 

1 

X-^^^U...    ' 

i 

"  — — — ^ — ■                                      , 

I'l-     411. 


hnur  ill  rai'li  rasi.' ;  wciijhl  nf  <lr\-  slinic.  Ml  tniis;  inuistvifc  in  the 
i-akr.  in  per  rent.  Till'  s.-iiniilrs  ni  suiutii'il  wrfc  lait^^hl  ill  a  traji 
Ih'Iiiw  thf  main  \acinim-pipi'.  rapaMr  ni  ImldiiiL;  at  least  '_'()  assay- 
tiiti^.  wliii'h  i|iiant!t\'  Nvas  usee]  frir  eacii  assav  Vi'^  IIsIktas  :t 
similar  cliart.  niaik'  at  the  iUittrrs  Divisaiicro  Mines,  in  Sahaikir 
Here  tlie  nre  is  i^jniund  in  liike-mills  tn  an  ai^itatinn  iirniluel  of 
whieli  aliiinl  N."  per  eent  will  pass  a  L'lKi-iiKsh  screen,  .ami  the  whnle 
"f  the  jiulji  Iinall\    reaehes  the  (liter.      In  this  instaiin'  the  rale  ot 


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29U 


Ni-A  i-:.\T  (  wwini-:  i'k.k  in  i-:. 


perruhili'iii  was  L's  tcni-^  prr  Ikjui',  i|uaiuit\-  <.!'  ilr\-  slinir,  In  tiiiis; 
111  1)1  >l  WW  in  tlu'  cakr.  Js  ]h  r  cvn\ . 

W'hru  I'uiisiili'riiiL;  the  roiitciits  nf  the  sukitiun  ilraiiiiii'^'  I'niin 
thv  tiltri'  iu>t  lu'liirr  ill.M'liar;^!!!;,'.  it  will  lie  ul  iNiou^,  t  hat  I  his  assa\' 
(loL's  tint  nsuall\-  fciirrsnit  the  suhihlr  s^'oM  ami  sil\Tr  Irft  in  I  hr 
cake.  W'hrvi'  w'atiT  or  l.at'rcti  suhitioti  is  iis(  .1  I'ur  thr  wash  im 
[HirtiMii  (it  thi'  I'rsiiliial  iiiMismri'  will  a--sa\'  as  hii;h  as  that  whirh 
has  alrrail\'  ruiiii'  out,  anil  the  a\aTa,L,'t'  of  it  will  he  iiuu'h  lower; 
for  rxainplr,  if  thr  last  solution  from  the  lakr  shouM  a^sa\-.  Irt 
us  su]i]iosr.  2l)i'.  per  ton,  the  nioisiurr  reiiiainiin,'  lu'liiml  wouhl 
|irii!ialil\-  awrai,'r  onl\-  KIc.  or  less,  and  as  tlu-ri'  will  hr  onl\-  half 
a  ton  ot  It  I'oiitainrd  in  a  ton  of  ilr\  shnir  the  assa\-  of  1  lu'  rrsiihic 
Would  lie  raised  therel>\-  oiiIn'  "e.  per  ton.  an  iiieri'ase  tiiat  e<nild 
harill\-  lie  detected  liv  the  assa\'  nie'ltods  ordinarih'  in  I'se,  l"i\'e 
eeiits  per  ton,  lioWe\'"r,  is  "e,,  whether  it  ean  lie  shown  li\-  the 
;issa\'  or  not.  so  that  when  tixini;  tlu'  tinu'  neet'ssare  for  washiii!,'. 
it  will  lie  well,  instead  of  dein'tidin.u'  on  what  is  usualle  known  tis 
the  'washed  residue  assay,'  to  j,'i\-e  a  trial  wash  of  e.\ee>si\-e  clura- 
tion  onee  or  twice  a  month,  taking;  stimples  of  the  issuing,'  solution 
penoijically,  and  jilottniL,'  as  a  cur\-e  the  timires  so  olitained;  it  will 
then  he  easw  if  the  rate  of  percolation  is  known,  to  set  the  \'alue 
recox'ered  at  an\-  ijiveii  ]ioint  aijaiiist  the  cost  of  olitainiiiL;  it.  and 
in  this  way  to  determine  the  j)rotitalile  limit  to  place  on  the  period 
of  wasliim;. 

The  (juestion  of  sa\  in.i,' c\anide  will  not  enter  lart'eh  into  this 
matter  of  wash-duration,  liectiuse  the  t\anide  can  onl\  lie  ilis- 
placed  li\-  water,  and  the  amount  of  the  latter  usi'd,  as  alread\- 
[lointed  out,  will  he  di'termined  h\-  the  daih'  losses  <if  moisture 
from  the  plant,  and  thus  cannot  he  \'ari''d  at  will  e.\ce->i  at  the 
expense  of  runninj,'  to  waste  wi'ak  c\anide  solution  from  some 
other  ]).irt  of  the  jilaiit.  ,Se\eral  eurx'es  sliowint,'  the  ])ro,L;ressive 
elimination  of  c\ani(k'  from  the  cake  ha\e  heen  made,  hut  as  tliev 
wi're  not  consistent  with  the  i,'old  and  sihcr  curws  made  at  the 
same  time  tlie\-  are  not  j^ixen  here,  and  the  matter  is  still  undiT 
investi.i,'alion. 

Tile  following;  is  a  tah'le  (if  the  time  neeiled  (withti  '1  in.  cake) 
for  the  \arious  operatiiJiis.  taken  directly  from  the  filter  loj,'-hook 
at  \'irj,'ini.i  Cit  v; 


FILTRATIOX  OF  SJJME.  'Jill 

Mr.  Min. 

Filling'  and  takinj;  on  cake 0         4") 

Rfmox'inj,'     surplus     I'ulp     and     rf-fillin^'     witli 

soluliim 0  -•" 

Drawing;  wash-solution  throu;,'h  lako 1  l-". 

Re])l;uinj,'  solution  1>\'  water,  throwing'  off  taki', 
disrhar,i,'in^',  sluitinu;  out,  and  rc-rlosinj,' 
doors 0  .3.' 

Ti'tal  tmic  (if  operation    3  0 

Till'  jiertentaiji'  <if  moisture  held  bv  the  cake  before  Ijeint; 
dctai'lied  from  its  support  is  from  ;5."  to  40'  (,  in  this  case. 
thouj,'h  the  average  for  an  ordinary  slime  would  be  nearer  33  per 
t'cnt . 

The  liox  contains  04  filter-loaves,  and  eaih  leaf  carries  about 
400  lb.  dry  slime,  tjivinj,^  a  cajiacitx-  of  lit  icjns  at  each  opi'ration. 
or  I'lO  tons  ])i'r  1.'4  hours.  With  certain  k  ds  uf  slinie  the  capacity 
of  a  filter  of  this  >i;?e  ma\-  be  as  much  as  _'."  t(jns  per  charge,  mak- 
mg  '-'00  tons  (jr  more  ]tvr  24  hours. 

The  con<istinct'  of  the  ])ulp  fed  to  thi' filter  has  an  imjiortant 
bearing  on  the  efhcicncx'  of  the  latter;  tlu'  thicker  it  is,  the  bi'tter 
it  will  sus])end  fine  sandy  material  and  form  a  IioniDgeneous  mass 
giving  a  uniform  lake.  and  also  the  less  time  it  \cill  need  to  form 
the  I'akc  aii<l  tln'rcfoi\>  the  greater  will  bi'  tlii'  capai.it\'  of  a  gi'.cn 
filter  unit  in  a  gi\cn  time.  Of  cnursi',  thert^  is  a  limit  in  the  con- 
sistence. be\-ond  which  the  lhickne<s  vnuld  cause  trouble  by 
clogging  the  ]iipe-Iines,  and  a  usi'ful  point  to  aim  at  is  a  specific 
gravity  of  from  1.3  to  14. 

At  the  start  there  was  one  ])oint  in  connection  with  the  work- 
ing of  the  filti'r  that  wa.-  not  ajiparciit.  It  was  found  that  after 
a  tew  miiiiths  the  jiermeabilit  \-  uf  the  leavi's  began  to  grow  less, 
thus  necessitating  a  longer  time  for  loading  ;ind  also  for  j)assing 
the  wash.  After  a  careful  cx.iiiunation.  it  was  traced  to  a  forma- 
tion of  calcium  carbonate  in  the  fibre  of  the  (.'anxas  and  more 
especially  (jn  its  exterior  surface.  This  was  found  to  be  (.asily 
removed  fiv  immersing  the  li.ixes  in  a  dilute  suluti'm  nf  hviiroihloric 
arid.  A  rectangular  wooden  wat  w;is  prcpartd  capable  of  holding 
seven  or  eight  leaves  at  a  time,  and  this  was  filled  with  a  solution 
containing  about  twoyxT  cint  commercial  muriatic  acid  in  water. 
Seven   leaves  are  removed  each  day,  their  places   being  filled  by 


:r  m 


\i\ 


120  FRAME  VACUUM  FILTER  PLANf 


I-),;,'.  ^-'. 


I-IIJI<.\'I1(>\'  Ol-   >IJMF. 


_".t;i 


span'--       Tlu'\'  ari'  [ilaccil  in  the  arid  liath  ami  alli)\\ril    to  uMiiaiii 
tniali.iut    siy   'luur-.  at    tln'   i-mi^if   uiiirli   tmic   \hv\  arr   iTmnxr'l. 
liraiiU'l,   ami    plaicl    in    a     wait  r-t.m\   In   stii[)   the   artmn   <i\     tjic 
a(iil.       In   this  \\a\   raili  Icat  is  trratt'ij  alioul    t  w  ur  ]ivv  niunlli. 

It  t  liis  is  not  su  111  I  lent  ti  i  ■■cstdrc  i  lir  lca\r>  tn  a  prrlert  wiirkmi,' 
romlitinii.  till'  stfriii^'tli  ■ -;  the  acni  ina\-  he  i  uTcas"il  to  live  nr  si\ 
]i(.T  I  fii! .  anil  a  \-aviiuni  arran^ftnc'it  a.ttaclvi  in  llu-in  for  draw  in '^' 
tlif  S' ilnti.  in  lliniii'^h  tlir  tilifc  fcpi'alcilh-.  until  all  the  ilt'iiusit  is 
iTtmj\f(l.  Instead  lit' inntinually  a'lilini;  and  tn  re-st  rcni^'thcn  tiir 
liatli.it  ishcttcr  t(i  turn  the  wdink'  lii|U'ir  tn  wastr  at  short  intt'r- 
\'als.  In'canst'  it  is  liaMc  sunn  tu  i;i.'t  (.liarLjcd  with  salts,  whirh,  it 
mit  iir'i|nf]\'  washed  nut  frmn  the  leaves  with  watiT,  ina\'  he 
[ifeeipitated  in  the  lihre  lit'  the  ean\"as  when  next  it  I'lmies  m  enii- 
taet   with  the  alkaline  Sdluimtl. 

'I'll  L,'et  the  hiL;he'-t  el'tieiene\- frnin  thistilter  it  is  inipiirtant  tn 
iiiake  the  ti'aiister  nt  jiulp  and  siilutnm  a^  rapidl\'  as  pussiliK',  and 
this  t'lr  two  reasdiis:  (li  It  inatenalle  inefeases  tlie  eapaeit\-  <if 
a  ,L;i\"en  tilter-unit  ami  tlitis  decreases  the  wnrkmi,'  eusls  jier  ton  nt 
slinie  111  the  ite'-.i  nf  lalmr.  and  i  L*  >  it  lessens  the  lialiilit\-  (if  the 
eake  ti  i  eraek  when  expnsed  ti  i  I  he  air,  and  in  !  lie  ease  nf  slinie  tliat 
has  an  exeejitinnal  iiredispnsitiiiti  ti>  craek,  it  i"enders  it  possihle 
tii  '^]\r  a  diiulile  wash,  nf  snlutinii,  fnljnweil  li\-  water,  when  (jtlier- 
wise  nn]\-  a  sin.l^le  wash  enuld  ha\c  lieeil  applied, 

h'ni  .1  rapid  transfer  nf  the  pulp  ami  --nhitinn  I  he  ,L;ra\"it  \'  s\-steiii 
(if  lilhllL:  and  einptxini,;  the  Inx  t,'i\'  -  eXi'elK'ilt  results.  The 
i;eneral  arran;.4i,'n!ent  is  slinwn  m  i"i'.,',  42.  thnii,i,di  there  a  water- 
wash  nnl\  IS  ]irn\ideil  fnr,  L'sUallx  .1  srennd  \al  at  the  le\el  <)i  I' 
is  prn\ii!ed  tn  reeeue  the  surplus  snliitmn.  and  alsn  a  third  \-al  fnr 
surplus  water  where  tlu'  dnulile  wash  is  ,L;i\en  ami  where  the  water 
IS  sutfieieiitlv-  wilualile  t.>  le  sa\"ed  fnr  re-iise.  The  niethnd  n'i 
wnrkiii'.^'  is  tn  till  llu'  hnx  with  pulp  li\-  ;4ra\it\'  thrnuijh  twn  nr 
ninre  (i-iii  iiijiedines  frniii  the  feed-\at  al)n\-e:  then  after  takin.i; 
nil  the  eaki  tii  let  nut  the  surplus  llirnuL;h  the  disehart,'e  .t^'ates  into 
\at  ('.  whieli  has  a  li,'^'lit  stirrint,'  i;ear  tn  keep  thi'  slinie  in  sus- 
peiisinn  wdiile  n  is  heiiv^  thrnwn  haek  li\-  a  -tdn,  eetUrifu^al  jiuinp 
tn  tlic  leed-\at  alin\e  The  same  prnees,  is  then  re|)ealed  with  the 
wash  snlutinn,  and  ai,'ain  with  tlu'  \\ater  if  ileeessarx".  eaeh  in  turn 
lieiiiL;  thrnwn  haek  tn  the  hii,'lier  Ie\el  liy  tin'  same  i  in  punip 
In  this  w;i\-  the  linx  ni,'i\'  lie  filled  in  tnlirnr  ti\'e  niiiiij.njs  :iji.l  ijiiii.i- 
tied  in  three  minutes,  sn   that   the  eaki'    is  expn,si'd   i<i  the  air  niilv 


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rn.TNAi  ii>\  (//•■  SUM  I-:. 


■2'.\-, 


about  t;^'ht  iiiimitrs  tor  caiii  iratistfr:  this  is  a  <^'rcat  aihaiitatjc 
\v!nTf  a  >linu'  slmws  a  icinlcncv  Id  crai  k,  Tiic  arraii,L;rmrnt  is 
cliiftiy  applicaliji'  wlurc  the  mill-,  ilr  is  (Hi  llu'  side  ut  a  lull ;  ti>rlc\cl 
siti's  tlu'  ]lump-s^■^t^■In  is  iisiiall\  iikjt  suitalilc.  l-!\'  tlir  lattt -.  nf 
t'oursi',  nsulls  similar  Idtlmsr  nl  tlu'  i;ra\italinn  s\sti'm  ma\'  In- 
ohtaiiU'il  liy  iisint,'  a  siitfii  icnt  1\-  lai\'r  iiiiiiip  ami  piiir-linr,  Imt 
wIktc  till-  sit(.'  is  ta\  iiral.lr  tn  ,i;ravitalii>n  tlii>  lias  tin-  ail\aiitaj,'r 
cit  a  rapiijitx'  nl  iiaiist\-r  williout  tlu'  smldi'ii  swil  ''i>i-  on  and  utY 
o!  a  lK>a\\-  Iliad  at  s'lon  intirxals  with  its  atlriidant  strains  on 
till'  sdiiric  1)1  jiiiwrr  and  tlif  niarhinrr\'  in  i,'ciK'ral,  the  jiowtT 
usimI  Ixin;,' i(imjiarati\  rl\  small  in  anidiint  and  (  \i'nK'  distributed 
<i\rr  a  liini;  jJiridcj  of  tunc.  'Idle  nu'tlmd  has  been  in  usu  at  the 
cvanidt'  ])lam  ol  tlu'  Huttirs  t"(i]iala  Mines,  in  Sinaloa,  Mcxiro. 
for    oxer    12    moiilhs  and  has  i^iwn  entire  satisfaetion. 

The  lUittiTS  patent  lilter  is  now  will  past  the  experimental 
staire.  and  its  ad\t-nt  nia\  \iv  saiil  to  mark  the  bei,'innin,i,'  of  a  new- 
era  Ml  the  histor\'  vif  I're-slime  ireatniei't.  and  to  (jpen  up  possi- 
bilities unknown  a  few  years  ai,'(j.  The  tmu'  ma\-  i\en  \iv  noi  far 
ilistant  wlun  slinu'  from  i^'old  ores  will  be  treated  b\-  e\anide 
Solution  direttl\-  in  the  \aeuum-hlter,  so  that  ail  the  expensix'o 
ajiitat.on  and  ■'eeanlation  maehinery  now  in  use  ean  be  ciisearded. 

It  would  perhaps  be  too  sani,'uine  to  hope  that  the  slimes  of 
silver  ore  may  also  be  treated  m  the  sanu'  wa\'  in  the  lU'ar  future, 
beeause,  as  far  as  our  presi^nt  exju'rienee  ,!,,'oes,  sueh  ore  refjuires 
a  nuuli  lont,'er  time  in  e-ontaet  with  evanide  than  xvould  be  prac- 
ticable in  any  filter,  but  as  soon  as  some  means  is  found  of  accel- 
eratin.i,'  the  solution  of  siher  m  exaiiide,  then  there  is  little  doubt 
that  a.u'itation  and  decantation  will  ^dve  place  to  treatment  bv 
leaehini,'  in   \'aeuum-tilters. 


oi.i)  A.\]j  XKW  .mi:tii()1)s  at  c.laxailatu, 

Mi-:xu"() 

Hv   T.  A.    RnKAKi) 

l.lunc  .".I    h"i7> 

Rrti'rnui'  li.i>  1.1  rii  iiiatlr  li>  I  he  ihiHiiil;  ]ir:u  tu-f  (jI  the  ( iuaila- 
hiat'i  Kriliutiiin  \  Mines  ("d.  in  >]h  akiiii;  i.f  tlic  Hustn--  plant. 
It  ik'sciAi's  turtlur  i  i  in^i, ],■.■,, j,,  ,„  Alt  li.  nv^'li  the  ]irM]i,.i-l\  was 
aii|uir((i  m  Jannar\  ,  I'.tdl.  it  was  nm  until  l-\liiuai\  .  I'.M).',. 
that  It  was  ilrri.k-<l  \n  l.iiiM  Ml  -tain]is.  rusliiiiL;  thr  riTctiun  '■!  li\f 
lit  tlK-ni  s(i  as  t(i  alldV'!  cxpi  rnnnital  data  ilnnn.u  tlu'  r.  .n-^t  riution 
[Krinil.  Manx"  ti'si>  ,,n  a  lar,L;c  as  well  as  a  small  seak-,  had  alfradx' 
■  knicnstratrd  that  a  hi.i^ii  r\trarti'>n  nt'l,.,th  sihrrand  i;mM  i..uM 
111-  nlitaini'il  trnin  tin-  orr  \>y  ex  anulatinn.  ami  the  cxiu-nnitnt.il 
Iilanl  liccanu'  (.I'^rcat  Sfr\-iii'  in  tvstini,' urt-^  fnnn  iliU'cffiit  parts  nf 
the  iiilllpanx's  pi'i  ipirtU'S.  a^  Wi-ll  as  tu  ^ui-r.^'est  the  detail  lllaiiijiu- 
latiiin  lii-st  adapted  tur  the  iiiaiii  |ilant,  then  under  i'(in--t  ruitinii. 
T!h'  mines  are  a  mile  tVn'M  ( '  ua..aiuatii,  and  there  afr  im  >treams 
axailalile  tor  di--]M)sal  i  il'  1  iie  tailing  ;  imr  is  there  t  he  s]iare  iiei  cssarx' 
tiir  ai'eumulatiiiL;  ii'^idue  on  a  lar-c  -rale.  It  lieeamc  neee-~sar\-  to 
disehar,i;e  the  tailing;  into  tin-  main  stream  ut"  the  distriet  mie  nuk" 
trcjm  tlu'  mines,  and  this  meant  thr  t  rtmspnrtat inn  nt  all  ori'S 
thriiuL;li  the  heart  ol  the  C'it\'  n\"er  an  vxpt-nsiw'  railrnad  >\  stem 
111-  the  eiiinplete  separatiuii  lit'  the  stamp-mill  t>i>m  the  i\-aniile  plant . 
the  latter  ti)  lie  placi'd  upnn  tile  main  stream 

The  llnniestake  sNsiein,  (it  eiin\e\in'4  the  tailiiiL;'  in  :i  ea-t-irun 
se\vi'r-pi]ie  was  adopted;  it  is  an  ,S-in,  water-pipe  of  hell  and 
spi,L,'iit  tvpe,  as]ihalted.  larl  for  its  tir^t  t'ew"  lumdrrd  feet  at  a  ;^rado 
of.'5',,tl!en  tlattenii)'^' to  _", '  ,  .\>  it  wa- desiraMe  to  set  t  le  and 
return  tor  re-use  as  mueh  of  the  wat'-r  eomini,^'  from  the  eonei'ii- 
trators  as  possihle.  allowing;  the  thiek  ]iulp  onl\  to  pass  thmuudi 
tlir  piiH',  and  to  detcniniie  to  what  point  sueh  thu'kemm,'  was 
possilije.  sexeral  hundred  feet  of  the  pipe  to  he  etllploxed  111  this 
Work  Were  jnit  to',^'etlier  and  laid  out  ujion  the  tietual  urade. 
.\  rr.'mi^^enieni  s  \\-i_'re  maak.'  ''■  i.'ir'/ulati-'  attv'  |-'i\"en  iiuatttitV'  of  saivl. 
crushed  in  the  stamps  of  the  experimental  plant  alre;id\-  installed. 


OLD   .\\l)   .\l:\\'    \ll:llllU)^     \  I    i,r  \\  _\  H\Ti>       I'M 

tlii'iiui;li  till-.  |iipc-liiii'  ;il  :in\-  ili  siml  i1i'l;i'ic'  'if  ■lihiluiii  I'ulp  w;is 
tir--l  t  flcil  :il  a  III  inii.il  dilu!  Mil  i  jI'  S  (,l  w  an  r  td  I  .  .t  ..ainl ,  111-.1  a>  il 
I  aiiic  iTMiii  I  !ir  tail  nl  t  hr  n  nK  liit  rat  <  T  laMr^  ,  t  hr  wall  r  w  a-.  I  lull 
iliiaiitril  li\-  ^lu  I  ('--^n  t-  str]i^,  I  liirkciutiL;  llir  in!i|i.  and  matimI  n^l^ 
\vi '■(■  iiiaili-  iiiulrr  tlu-^c  \ar\iiis^'  1 1  itiili' 1.  ms.  It  w.i^  iKsind  t.i 
riini)\.'  a  iiiaxiiiium  nl"  unr  liall  nl  thr  n'-i'^iiial  watrf.  ami  111  tia- 
(Aprniiinit  s  t  hr  \  ti  I  I  ]iiil]i  w  a-,  rnhu  td  t'  I  ■_'  '  ti  1  I .  and  m  >  sui  ics> 
tull\-  t  hat   llMi  iinl\    \\a^  the  pipr  tint   i  h.;_;L;fd  with  sand,  hut   thr  |'lll|i 


I 


^■JjAr 


ili.IJi^ 


l''i;;     II        \'']v   fur   ( '1  >n\c\  itiu    Tailing; 


at  that  Ihickntss  IkuI  siu'li  raiiiditx-  cf'  rluw  thai  it  iX'adih  rarrud 
nuts  and  ntluT  lira\  \-  cilijcits  witlmut  intt  ri-u]itin^'  i  hr  sti-cani. 
Tests  maik'  1)\-  Mr.  Carlos  \'an  Law  iiniMij  that  \)\\\\i  whu'li  has 
liassiMl  tlir()U,t,di  a  ;ill-nHsli  screen,  with  water  in  the  jir(i])iirtic)n  of 
7J  to  1.  will  (low  tIii-<)U<,'h  a  launder  of  sijuare  eruss-seetion.  made  of 
rou,L,'h  hoards,  set  on  a  i^rrade  of  I.J',.  With  a  X'-shapid  wooden 
launder,  sueh  pulp  will  flow  at  less  j^'rade  and  with  less  water.  The 
area  ol  the  wet  perimeter  is  the  faetor. 


■J!  IS 


KlA    l:\  I     (    )     \  MIH:    I'KAl    I  It    i: 


'l"ln^  JPI.  )lilrlll  s(  t  1  Ird,  tile  pIiK  rs^  \\,i^  (  ml  llllnl  .^^  liilluu  ^:  'I'lu- 
()!■(.■  is  t  iiiii^iM  iiti  il  (i\  ri'  a  iMilniail  tr(  piii  1  hi'  iiliiu-.  m  lin]>|  j(  |-  I  mili  )!n 
i.ars,  which  iIim  hari:''  mii'  a  hiri;r  hin  al  thr  ■  ru'-hcr  plant. 
Il  i>  ihiii  passcil  thnni'^h  a  >'  i  .".  1)  CiaUs  i  riishc  r  l"  _'  in  si/c, 
lisi  har;.4in'4  uxcr  a  pu  kiiv^  lull  Ini-  niiinval  ut  wastr,  llini  rc- 
cruslu-il  li\  a  slmn  Iumi!  Xh  I  (iatcs  (.riislii  r  In  1  in  rin'4.  thru 
rriniixTil  \i\  i(in\i  \  or  lulls  m  thr  null  Inns,  wlu  ir  it  i-.  disl  iilam 'I 
liv  ears,  this  lowiiii,'  lu  ,  lua]j  lal  nr  .  pinx  mi;  inijiT  ci  niiun.ii  .al  tli.m 
the  tls'-  .if  ,1  s\  strlll  lit  I  I  iin  i'\  I  ir-lirll  s  iivcr  thr  tup  ot  ,1  hill  Willi 
auiDni.itK  inppcrs.  The  iiiill-liin  has  a  I'.iii.uil  v  tor  li\r  ilays. 
whiili.  lM_;cthri'  with  thr  lari,'i-  Inn  at  llu-  rfiishrr  plant,  al'lnfiis 
siillic  lent    stiiraijc    i  it    n\\- 

'\'\\y  lire  is  tlun  iiushnl  iimUr  iiL;lit\  1  .ll.'.D-Ui,  stamps  nf 
.\llis-('lialnurs  make.  Tln'  murtars  ai\'  set  nn  ,i  idncnti'  Inunilal  imii. 
tin-  an\il  liliuk  lirim;  rast  as  an  iiitrLjial  part  ul  the  ninilar. 
'i'lu-  latt<  r  has  a  stcrl  liiirf,  iwn  mclics  thuk.  hut  tlicfr  is  i;{,.'  in. 
of  niiial  luliiw  till'  liniT.  Rrtwrcn  the  an\il-lilin  k  ami  ihr  cnn- 
irctf  a  iniarti  r  iiirli  sluct  ')f  rulilit  r  is  s|,,-(..i(!.  The  iiKirtar  has  a 
hniail  I'a-.!'     Uli  in.  wi'li       pn>\'i(iiii  with  striiiiL;  nhs  at  thr  sides. 

'riif  :i()  nirsh  pul])  ftsnltini;  frmn  the  stainpmi,;  is  runciiit  rated 
()\er  \\'illle\  tallies,  a  euitsideralile  aiiiuunt  lit  middling,' pri  iditeed 
hem;.;  reiniiMcl  tnr  re-'.;rindin'.4  in  an  Ahhe  liihe-mitl  and  suhse- 
i|uent  treatnu'iit  dwy  separ.ale  enneent  ratnr  t.ahles.  Thelailin'4 
friim  ,all  the  niailiiiies  di'i  ip>  mill  i  niiei'ete  Launders  .am!  jiasses  tn  the 
■  lines  Aheri'  alnml  hall  nt  tlie  w'.ater  is  remnved  tnr  use  in  tlii' 
null  'Idle  ihiekeiied  tailiiv.,'  then  enters  an  Ndn.  la.sl -irun  jiipe. 
l.aid  I  111  the  i;raik'  ahiAe  mentinned.  an.!  ,L;.ies  tn  tin-  elassitiers  in  the 
Ilaeieiiihi  I'liires,  situate.!  upnii  the  m.iiii  eli.anne!  ut  till'  Ciuan.i- 
juatn  ri\er.  The  elassitit'rs  are  all  ut  the  llunieslake  l\'pe.  two 
Sets  lit  emies  heim;  use'!,  the  lower  mie  taking  tile  holtolll  ]iroi!uet 
ot  tile  upper.  The  o\  erilow  troiii  hiitli  sets  of  eoiles  i.;oes  to  the 
slime-plant,  the  lower  euiie  liaxant,'  an  asei'iidiiii,'  eiirreiit  of  water. 

Tile  sail.!  eoniir.i,'  from  the  liotlom  of  the  lower  lones  is  dis- 
triliuled.  hv  tlie  Hutters  >.V  Mein  dexiee.  into  either  of  two 
reeei\in.i,'-\ats.  eaeli  iif  :i."ll  tons  eapaeitw  These  were  jilaniU'd  to 
Serve  an  ultimate  ca]iaeit\- of  .",()()  tons  daily,  with  the  slime  seji- 
tirated. 

The  receivin^-x'ats  are  altiTnatelv  filled  and  drained,  the 
discharw    Ijeinj;    made      ■:M'i-ui;h      \^i:\\-^"^    i;;itv-    ^nto    asccndirijr 


p 


t'l.n    \.\l)  A/'.ir  Ml:l  lh>l»  M   I.I    l.\   \  It    \  ; 


L'liy 


C()nvj'\-()r-liflts,  wiii.  h  pas';  iimv  iltc  uniri-  .it  the  liii.  i.f  (  i},'lit 
k':i(liini;-\als.  c.u  h  nt  ilu-  ^anir  ^i/.i'  as  I  lir  ic  1 1  i\  iti'^-v  ,it  ^  In  i  lu  sr 
■'I  I  t  'la\  t  iiallin  111  ivL;i\rn  wuli  (I..")',  cx.iiuili  snluIiMii,  tin  ^aiiii 
IiiIII.l;  1  lu'll  waslii'l  ainl  ullitllaIcK  dlMliaVi^r.l  (ill  i  oii\  cs  i  jr-hclts 
(run  111  11'^'  under  tlic  x.its.,  whuli  ilrluir  citln-r  iiilo  the  rncr  ilurini; 
the  I  aim  scastiil,  i  ir  in  ilcvaKMl  sUiram'-piU  -  duniii,'  I  he  dr\  season , 
tn  lie  shiuid  diiiini;  llu-  siurccdmu;  raiiu'  scasnii 

'I'lie  slmic  liMin  tlir  rlassitsiiiL;  mius  is  in-alrd  l'\  a^'itaticn 
uiih  nirc  haiiic  al  stirnns;  ami  larj^'c  crntrilui,'al  ]>uni|.s,  wliu  draw 
trmii  the  liuttniiis  (it  the  \als  and  diseliarLje  ( i\  (  r  I  he  I  ( ips,  t  lie  t  ( it  al 
time  of  tn'atnieiit  ln'inj,-  tuur  da\  s  After  the  liiial  wash  the  slmie 
is  I  lumped  nil()setthn,i,'-\ats  HO  ft.  lu'^h.  where  a  further  decant  at  ion 
oi'curs  hetore  the  shnie  is  (hsiiiai'^ed .  with  a  \iTV  small  perientaL;e 
of  moisture,  into  the  rncr. 

The  iiilire  idaiil,  lioth  the  stamp  null  and  (  \  anide  annex,  is 
dcsij^med  so  that  it  ean  lii'  doulilcd.  win  n  the  stamp-mill  will  take  a 
'lac-k-todiaek  form,  SO  stamjis  with  their  eotueiu  rators  hi-mj,'  on 
eithiT  silk' of  the  liins.  'Idle  i  lassifx  inj,'-eones  and  the  feet  i\in^'- 
\ats  of  the  ev  anidi'  annex  are  of  sutfieieiit  size  alread\-  for  a  .'(lO-ton 
plant,  it  liein,i;  neeessarv  onlv  to  add  another  line  of  fi<4hi  liarhiiiL;- 
\ats  and  the  eorrespondini,'  slime  ■  its  to  lirnii,'  the  e\  ani(l(.'  jilant 
to   the   larijtr  (a]iaeit\'   mentioned 

I'or  rootiiiL,'.  eorrui,'ated  ,L,'al\  aiii;-e(l  iron  on  a  steel  frame  is  pre- 
ferred. As  there  is  no  load  ol  snow  to  fear,  it  is  possiMi'  to  use  a 
!ij,'Iit  roof-truss.  The  natne  tile  is  eheapi'r,  hut  -A  re(|uires  a 
lu'avier  ennstruelion,  and  does  not  alTord  as  eomjilete  proteetioil. 
The  .Vortherner  will  remark  the  la\ishiiess  of  the  masonr\-  alioul 
the  mines  and  mills  in  Mexieo.  It  is  the  eheapest  kind  of  eonstrue- 
tion  and  the  native  wood  is  usuall\-  jioor:  it  will  twist  and  untwist 
as  the  drv  and  wet  seasons  sutceed  eaeli  other,  niakim,'  il  an 
unsatistaetorv   sirtietural  material. 

At  the  lime  of  ni\-  \isit  there  were  i'JO  stamjis  in  operation 
in  the  (luanajuato  distriet,  and  there  were  L'O."  tons  lieint;  treated 
daily  li\-  eyanidation  and  iT)  to  'M)  tons  hv  ptitio.  Thus  does  the 
new  drive  out  the  old.  In  l.S,S7  there  were  'M  p<tl!\'s  at  work; 
now   there   are   onl\-    two. 

In  reijard  to  e(,ist  in  the  /><;/;<>  process,  I  ha.c  the  followini:  data 
from   liie   Haeieiid.i  de  >an  Julio  at    i'aehuea; 


if 


I 


"ly;     t.'i       Hu-ii.>    Mill,    in   C.tir^r  oi    ( '.  instni'l  !■  m 


i'l.l>  AXn  .\IA\     \l/:l  lln/is     \li.l\\\/rMn,      M) 

Crushiti-.   t(j  pi^,  (ill  111.  .h   111   Chil.   iM   mills,   uiih 

<'\t  rlliiw    .hsrlKir;,'!  ;j  ,;,, 

M;iiiili  ii.iiu  1  (I  -|, 

Siill      .".'  ,  .  (,r  "0  l'^    j„  1   I. ,11  .  .  I  7.: 

C'lippfr    sulph.iir       I.,  -s.  0  ;,'  ,      I  .,- 

Mi-\-,trv        I.M.s.   |\ki;    tnrraih  kil.,L,'ram  i.f  Mlvcr  I  :!s 

'l'r.iiis|M)ri  tniiii  ihr  mm,-     .  |  ik 


Tut; 


IJ  ■(; 


Thcurc  1-  hull- In  un  ilu  duni].,  Hicn  |,,iv  the  ,  .,si  nf  t  r,iiis|M,rI  i  , 
Itu-lu.lr.l  Salt  tosts  :{.-,/',■.,. s  prit.,,1,,, ,(,,„, Mill. hair  2:^)  pesos  prr 
ton.aii.l  nuniirv  .'Ml  p,-..,s  p,  r  kil.,-iain  Tiir  aMia-r  I.,..,'.  i,,i- 
tllfVi'arwvn  I  Im,,|  .Mi  ki|.  .L:raiii  I',  r  kilo^rani  uImI\  <r  rx!  rac  Icl  . 
tin-  loss  nt  Mhrr  Ik  ill-  ti  |:i  1,,  lU'.r.",  ,„,  thr  .Iran  ..IV.  aii-l 
ir...S8t..  -JlM.-i',  ,„,  th.-  -al.na  ..iv.  Tli.'  /m/;,.  pr. ..  .  ss  u  ail  s  ,,n 
tlu'  c.'iii.I.iiM-i  ..t  Uif  .-h.  nil.  il  r.'a.ti. Ills,  aivl  i!  is  l  h,  r.'|.,n>  ...n 
timi. -I  iiiiul  ,Ati-a.  I1..11  ..  as.  ,  Ti'ii.'  is  ,i,,t  .•,.,isi,|,.r.Ml  .  in  \vinl..'r 
n  r<.|nir.  s  _'il' ,  l,muril,\  nas..ii  ..I  i  lu'  |,,\vrr  t.  mpiTalurf  ..I 
tlu-     all' 

Al  I'arral.  in  Cliiluialiua,  with  tin-  Russ.  11  pm.fss.  nsinv 
li.\|."si,l[, ;.,;(..  ti-,.  ,.,,si  ,,(■  li.xiviali.m  and  r.iastin-  is  II  piw.'s.  I.ut 
t!u'  r..',.vi'ry  is  11..1  as  li!..^|i  as  il  is  unli  anial'^^anian.  .1  in  the  /',(//,.. 
u-li.T..  tl-,..,,s!  is  II  1,,  1  1/',>,..N,  \arvinL;a...,nlin- I.iiIh- nian-ancsc 
c.int.ni  ■  .1  1  h.'  ,  ,r.'. 

•\i  I'a'  iiu.a,  '.\-  M.'M.an  iii.'t  Iki.Is.  ilu'  i-,,sl  ..f  tiiiiiin-  an.l 
SMi-tm-  ^.r.-  am. Hints  t.i  1.'  /^,',v,..v  p.r  i,,n;  the  lransp.,rt  t..  ili,'  p.,ti\> 
ami  till-  trc:,im,'iit  th.-rc  mak.-s  a  Iiirllur  .ust  ..f  [J  pcs,>s.  11. .t 
inclu.lm-  l.iss.s  ,ir  the  .-ypcns.'  ..f  marketing,'  tic  pnnhut  lU 
staiiip-miHin-.  pan  anial.i;aniati.in.  an.l  c.nucntrati.m.  tin-  est  ai 
C.uanauial..  was  S  pi-s.>s .  an.l  n..w  hs  stamp-niilliiv.,' an.l  .^  ani.latK.n 
th.'  ...St  I.  -.s.-;  p,-s.<s^  That  .u  mining'  an.l  .lc\al..pm(iit  is  .■{,."11  t.. 
4  "M  n.'.w.v.  s.,  that  till  total  pn  sent  .'..st  is  al.<iut  III  p-s,'s.  <,r  S.'.  p^r 
t.jii. 

A;  till-  tinn-  1)1  inv  visit  t  luiv  wrrr  al.i.ut  L'llHmcn.  w.imcn,  an. I 
chil.lnn  111  the  Anirl.i-Annri.an  .-.ilnnv  at  ( uianaiuai..,  tlu'  Ani.r- 
icaii  t'l.iiHiit  prtMldnimatm},'.  (.)f  the  12.-  in.n  .■inpL.v.  .1.  7:-,  in  Ml 
WiT.'  tt.  hnual  mm,  .if  ,i;ii.i.l  trainin.^'.      This  nia.k'  a  stnin.t,'  pii'ci-  lA 

'^  :^  ::  ■  I.:;    :::.;v  ;;:::v:  '.     : : ;:    iTi.  lUSI  riiii   ti^J  W  Iwj  liiuii  i  . 


( ■^■A.\il)I■: 


I'RACTICI".      AT 
.M  I  I,  L  S 


'III-:      IIoMHSTAKH 


l'.v   1".    I.,    I^.xjri 

.\prii|ins  I  if  vc'i  rnt  il('->iri|itMn>  nl  liltiTiiiL,'  pn  m  vsst'S,  ituluiiin;^ 
the  l^atIl.'V^,  .MiHii'c  .mil  Riili;\\a\-  s\>.triiis,  ^^mv  aii  (niii!  <it  promt 
lliinu-stakf  ]irai'tiir.  iiniipikd  trum  ii(iti-~lakrn  '  >n  a  vt-i'c-iit  \ivit 
tu  the  ]irojii-rt  \-  nia\'  lie  of  intrrrst.  H\-  \\a\-  of  pri'fai,  o.  aivl 
In  rifix-sh   tlir   rrailci-"-  iiiiikI  as  In  the  niaiTl  facts,  tlic   i  I' iiiu-stakc 


I'it;     tli       I'rd  iiHtaiiciti  I'lL'Sses. 

planlsat  l.cail.  HI  llu-  Hlai  k  1  lills  nf  Snuth  I  )aknt  a,  fimsist  nf  <i\ 
stall!]  -nulls.  I'Dnlamiii'^'  ai,  a i,'i; rebate  uf  I  .Mil!!  >;aiiips  anil  i  ru^lnni; 
aliout  1.0(10  1.  i!is  per  claw  'Plu'  must  intm  stint;  fratiifr  of  t  lir  null- 
praclice    is    the    amali^aniatiDn.      I'-acli    l.altny    is    jiri)\iik>l    wuh 


<   r.  I, \ //>/•.   /'AM(  '//(/,   .17-   Till;  llo.Mh.STAKI-:. 


•My.<, 


four  full^-iAMl  philrs.  in  si-rirs.  each  plair  hcin-  ."4  l.y  144  in.  ami 
lu\.  Ihuk,  The  first  is  [,lain  copptT.  l  lu'  last  iliax-  arr  silvcr-platr.i 
Tins  a.liluiwn  «,f  tlirrc^  sihrr  plans,  Ki-'niy  l.i  cacli  III  stamps  of  the 
AniKus  .M(l-hra.ii  mill,  a  total  platr-aiTa  <if  (iOd  sq,  ft.,  ana  to  tho 
I'tlur  mills  an  a\tTa-o  of  :<(ill  s.p  :i  piT  1(1  stamps,  is  a  comi)ara- 
tiwiv  i\Hvnt  mno\ati,in,an.l  has  pro  cd  an  cxrilk'nt  one,  in.  n  asin.t; 
tliL'   ficovcfv    iiy   amal',.;aiiiation   appfoxim.itch-   8'JIIII, ()(»()  per  yt'ar 


I.        S,ri«     i;n(l    nf    the   Sliinr-Pn'ss, 


allow  till'   annual   m  overx    when   onl\    onr    r_'-ft.   plate   was  u.sed. 
The  savin;^'  l.v  amalgamation  is  lie'  \<'en  7(1  and  7.'  jiereetit. 

The  leaehahle  jiortion  of  the  t.nlinL'  from  the  st.inip  tnills  (040 
stamps  ,  eonsistm.i;  iiiostlv  of  ore  from  the  iK  eper  levels,  is  treated, 
after  slime  separation,  at  the  Lead  ]ilant,  known  as  ("\anide  Xo, 
I.  This  plant  has  ,i  >apaeit\  of  al.out  1,.S()II  tons  per  dav.  The 
u.M-ii.-r.i  suiiaee  ore  is  erusiie.i  m  tlie  mills  at  tile  iKjrth  end  of  the 


■1  ■ 


■fill  Ri-A  i:\ I  (  y.wu)}-:  I'RAi  1 1(  /•;. 

]n-i>]iiTt  \-  i;{()()  st;iiii]'>.  aiiil  \hv  s:iii'l  Ircalcl  in  llic  aiiiii  \  kr.i)\\n 
as  ('N'aiiulr  \'n,  •_'.  al  ( '.a\\i!lr.  twn  null-,  ilislant  fi'i  i!ii  L.-i'l  Tiiis 
smalliT  plan!  lianilK-s  ah. ml  Mill  tuns  per  dax".  I^>lh  plants  wnv 
ilcsiijiuii   and  inslalUd   uink'f  llio  iliriTtiuii  ul   ('.    W.    MLrrill,   who 


"1,1;      ts       Dixh.ir.m'   Ironi    l'\v,i    1' 


<l(\'isi.'il  tln'  pfiHTss  and  wlici  ri'ci'iit  1\-  installiMl  tlir  liltrr-pivss 
slitnt'-plant  \n  lie  dcsri'ilird  licfcw  it  h.  'I'lic  in'actiir  al  ('\aindf 
Xo  I  lias  been  well  dfscnlnd  liy  Mr.  Merrill  Inmst'lt^'  and  nteds 
n(i     furlher     idninicnt, 

*Tri4nv    AnuT    \n^\    Mm    ICn^.'     N't  w  \'i.rU  m'-ctinj:    HIO.T 


(  r.i.\//v-  /'A' K  //(/•:  .17-  rill:  iiDMhsr.iKh. 


;ior; 


The  svstri..  ,.f  .lim,.  separation  in  nsr  at  thesf  plants  has  (...en 
vntuizc.i  l,v  M.n„-  Ml-  ,|,r  a.lv.Katrs  of  S.nitl,  African  nictho.ls  as 
K's-  rtt.vtnv  than  thr  ,,1,1  p,,int,',l-l,„.x  svst,.ni  ihit  at  thr  H,,nK- 
slakf,  th.r  ,h,.i,c  ni  r,,n,'-,-lassili,ati<.n   has  l.wu  .■niphatu'allv   lus- 


ill 


FiK      t!»,      T!i,-   (Ircat    I  )in.ivCut    „f    the    HonK'St.,kf. 

tilio.l  1,\  tho  results.  An  .■lah,)ralc  sizin-  was  not  nccessarv  and 
was  not  atten,pte,l.  Hxii^'enoios  of  iirst  e,,st,  space,  labor  etc., 
procludo,!  ,loulile  treatnienl:  and  to  ni;iU:,j  tb.e  ,'.nt.T!,ris,-  !,r.-..(;t^ 
able.  It   was  essential   that   all  the  sand  be  treated  as  a  separate 


3(l() 


Ki-'.i  i-:\r  (  )-.\\n)i:  pkai  in  i-:. 


\<nn\\u\.  ami  in  nnr  n],i'i-,iti(in.  'r(j  tlidsf  faniiliar  wn'i  \\\v  '\\(\\- 
LiillN  of  iiliiamni.L,',  witlioiil  i-f-liaiullini^  tin-  iiul|>,a  unilonn  tliari,'L' 
'<{  livilraiilicall\-  (listnliutnl  saml  that  will  Icarli  raj.i.lK-.  thr 
apin'inlcil    tii^'uvfs    will    sri'iii    iiu  rcilililr. 

Tlu'  k'arlialiK-  sand  lias  thr  f(illo\\in;,'  awTaijf  tcxiurr; 

('(larsc  (rcniaininL;  un   KlDnusIi'  ;i(l  ]ii  r  init . 

.Mi(l<llini,'  I  11)0  t(i  _'!)()  iiifslii  Wl  pi  r  (.iit. 

i'"iiU'  i]>assini,'  2110  iiicsli  i  :5N  \ivy  icnt. 

'riinm,i,'h  this  ]ir'Mhut  t'v  solution  iirrmlatt's  at  tlu'  rate  of 
t'nnn  t  lii'rc  to  tuiir  iiu  lies  jirr  liotir. 

When  we  cdiisiili-r  that  all  thr  srparatr'l  sluiir  pa->>rs  tlif(iu,i,'ll 
'JOO  iinsh.  and  that  this  prddiu  t  is  in  s, .  line  a  state  of  di\"isii>ii 
'hat     '.10' ^      (.t     Its   wihic  ^-trartcd    in   six     lidiirs     li\-     filtiT- 

pfrs-,inL,'.     tlu'     nicnts     nf  I  I.>infstakt'     ilassitiratiun     s'.stfiii 

rciiuiiT  Tin  flirt luTi'inphasis.  Tlu'  'nst  n{  trratnirnt  at  C'\-anidc  Xo. 
I,  which  Mr.  .Merrill  -ave  in  MtOH  as  :5."r..  has  siner  lien  ivdu.id 
tn  L'(k  .  jicr  tnn.  At  ('\  ailidc  .\(i,  _',  the  pHMJiK  t  treated  i>  mueh 
lower  111  ,i;radc\  a\era,L;"int,'  onlv  ,s.'v'.  per  ton.  This  plant  was  the 
ninre  reeeiitl\-  const  rueteil  of  the  two,  and  is  the  more  ]ierteet. 
not  o!il\-  m  its  arran,i,'enient .  hut  iii  its  faeilities  for  niaimainiii'^ 
■A  low  cost  ot  treatment  A  sumniar\'  of  the  operatin;<  eost  for 
■~ix  nionlhs  is  ,i,'i\en  Inlow. 

COST  KKCOlil)   \r  HOMKSIAKK  CV AMUi;  Mil. I,  Nd.  J. 
F(M!  \.\^y  <\\  MONTHS  oK  HMXi. 

.luly.      .\viit.      Sept.      del.      N'dv.      Dec. 


Total  t(jns  of  Miiui  treated  . 
Tiilal  (iperaliiig  ecist  . 

Cdst  jipi-  tdii,  clas.-iticaliiii; 

treat tuent  . 

|ireci|iitatiim 

power 

assa\in^,  retiiiiiijr,  eti 

Toial  losl  pci  lull  treated 


LM,<li:i  ^.■>.(i4t  >A.m\  -M.H.VJ  2i.\\W  ■.>.>..■«)« 

.*-l,lli.")  «4.t)l|(l  «;i.!»»!  *4.:i>;(l  .S4.l-.'-_'  .*:ki.'74 

.«(),('1X  .JO.OIT  *0.017.«().(I17  .<(».01(i  .*().()•.';{ 

(),<W4  0.(M«  O.OTit  0.(ls(i     ()((()()  O.OKO 

(I.OJti  0.021  0.022  0  1121      OOI'I  (1.021 

0.021  0.041  0.031  0.04S     0  0:i,-)  0.037 

O.OOH  0.007  0.012  0.00.S     II  OlO  0.007 

«0.lti7  *0.17'.t  .SO.ltil  jn.l.SO  S0.170  .<0.1liH 


w  iri.M.K  SIZI.M.  eh    <\Mi. 

Total 'oris  ireated  foi  the -IN  incinlhs           14.s.ttU3     I'ercem.  Mesli 

I  iil.'d  operative  and  treatinent  cost         *2.'),  I!t3.(14     37, .').")  coarser  I  lian  100 

Vvcrage  cost  per  ton  treated                             .?II.171    23.00  In-t ween  100  and  2(M) 

3'.l,  I.")  liner  tlian  2(U» 


!   ha\e   nietitioiie.j   the  slinie  separation  as  a  niosi   intere-tiiit; 
ieatiire    o!    tiuse  plants,      .\tiotlier    tio\t      leature    is    the    ]  eriodie 


(  )-.\\if>r.  I'RAcru  I-:  at  tiii:  i"k\ii:^i.\ki-:,     .-{(i: 

'""■'"'"'"'"■  "'  ■"'■  1'""  'li''  I'uli.  I.,r  tlu-  i.iirp,,s..  ,,t  |,n,vi.iin,L,' 
oxvj,vn  l(,  the  sulKulphi.!,.  ,,(■  ,p,n  ipvrrlintur-  ,,uv  .,f  tlic.  must 
trouIiU-M.nir  (cn^tilurnts  ,,f  i  iu-  ,„t  an.l  s.,  n  .iintainm.i;  tlu-  cl,s- 
suhin-  pnwrr  ..I"  tlu-  >(,lutiu!i,  wln-li  unuLl  uiluTuis.'  \,v  n,l,|„.,l 
wt  itsMXNi^r,.,,  l,v  ,]„.  „,„,  [^,„,,  ,,,-,1,,,^^,  ,„,^,  [,!;„„^  .„.,,  ,-,.,„arkal,lf 
t.ii-  tlu-  ,,nlir  an.l  lUMtncss  .xliihncl  m  wwy  .Kpartnuiit .  OpiTa- 
tioiis  haw  l.rcii  iT.kuv.l  t.,  s,,  simpU.  a  sv.-,t,'iii  thai  ihcv  sccni  to  1„- 
work-.iii;  autnmatuallv:   vrt    it'    nnv   -hm. vs  l.clim.l   the   srnir,     ho 


Im.U    .".II       Tripl.-x   S,,Iui„,n   I'.ii,.,  uitli   .M,,i,,r   n,,ul,lc-\V..un.l   to  (livo  Full 
.mil    H:ilt"  SiK'e.I^.       Sli,.\.,~;   l-:C)lufni    Li\i\iam    trcrii   Slinu'-Prcsses. 


ritiils  an  al.lc  coi-p^  of  assistants  mntinuallx   stuilvin;^  special  proh- 
k-ms.  looking  to  the  reduction  of  eosts  ami  increased  ertieieney. 

Froin  the  two  leaching  plants,  about  l.OOO  tons  of  slime  have 
been  run  Iu  waste,  of  an  avera.ije  \alue  of  between  40e.  and  '«1.2() 
per  Ion.  In  workin,ii;  out  a  method  for  treating  this  produ.  i .  Mr, 
Merrill  considered  the  various  slime  pn  .ces.ses  now  in  favor,  but 
discanlcl    them    all    ;is   unsuited     to    llomeslake    cond     ons.       In 


-....n..   ct  .^\.-,teul   iei)imin.i,'  III.    !  Wo  operations  ot 


30S 


/<!■'(  KXT  (  y.wini-:  I'R.u  th  e 


a'^it.ituni  ami  liltratinii  m  scparalr  xr^scls  \\a^  nut  t'l  It-  tlinui,'!)! 
"f.  aivl  llu-  'iiil\  drvicf  ill  wiiuh  Ivcaniunl  aii'l  tihratinii  luuM 
!.('  peril  inii^'i!  in  mu-  niKi'al  mn  was  the  lillrr-inTs^ .  hut  llic  ^||^t 
mI  cilHTatinv;  llu'  'lid  l\]n-  III  tiht  r-|)i"i  ss  was  pmliiliil  ni-,  and  tins 
inndiliun  Ird  In  tllr  diArli  ipniclll  "I  what  is  klluwii  as  tile  Merrill 
prrsv.  wliuli  cs^cniialh  dil'frrs  tVoni  the  nld  t\pc  in  that  it  ran  \k- 
discliar'^'cd  withcuit  drawini;  tlir  plates  and  Iranics  apart  Scwral 
;^'(ich1   (lrs(  ripl  iKiis  nl   the    Mrrrill    pfrss  and   process  have   appeared 


il.       I'roni    \'u  u    lit    H.Mterv    c,f    Jii-f.n    Slune    l're-> 


111  the  iiiiiiini;  ])eri(i' i-eals  and  !  shall  nut  attempt  here  ninre  than 
a  lirief  ai  e(junt  of  tiie  plant. 

At  the  l)et;innin,i,'.  a  lO-ton  press  with  1  li>'  (M't  frames  was 
installed  for  expentiietilal  piiri  loses  and  was  in  use  eoiii  iiniousl\- for 
IN  months.  In  one  run  K5I  ehar,yes  were  treated,  on  wliieli  the 
tullfiwin.u'  data   are  axailahie: 

A\-era,u<-'  \alne  of  slime  ludore  t  real  men  t .  (lie.  ;  after  treat  nieiit , 
l!le.      l-.xt  rait  ion   li\    assa\  s,   \ivv  ton   inateil,  !)()  per  tent   or  Nle. 


(  WWIPf:  J'R.\(  TICI-:     17    ////■;  Ih^Mi-si 


\KI:         :{n!) 


piT  tMH  k,o,vfiv.l  m  prcniMt.il,  .  p,  r  f-n  tn.itcl.  !t|  |vr  >vnl 
"r  Mi.-,  prr  ton  The  trvati.unl  ua^  sn„,,lv  lixivialmn  m  the 
I'lvsv  witlu.ut  u.uMali.m.  Ani.mnt  nf  s,,l„t„,n  us,-l  n,  lra>  1>  .-n.'  inn 
ofshnir.  (),7;i  t..ns.  amount  ..l'  ual.ruM.l  tor  s|„„  m-,  tour  tons  lu 
one   tun   of  shiiu  ,   tlm  kncss  ,,t   ,akc.    I    i-;,  lies 

The  lar-r  plant  fr.vntlv  startcl,  ,s  Mtuatc!  at  l),-a.l\voo,l 
Tnv  slin,,.^  alUT  pan,al  .K-.vatn-ni,;.  ,n  ron,-l  ..t  i  ,,n,  rlafit\  m.i,'  xals. 
whirh  nMlu(v^  the  proportion  .  .f  watrr  to  s,,li,|.  t,,  tl„,  n.tn,  of 
thivr  toonr,  i.ronNvv.Mlm  t  uo  p,pr-l,n>  s  i,,  t  hr  ^l^nr-plant ,  as  fol- 
lows: A  l-.'-in,  pip,  rarri,  s  it  froni  ('Nanrlc  \o,  1.  a  .listanr,-  of  ;{ ,' 
miks,  at  a  niinmitnii  -ra,lr  ol  P,',;  ald-m.  pip.  ,arru-s  ,t' 
from  C'vani,!..  X,,.  _-,  a  <listamv  of  t  nv,  ,  nnUs.  at  a  -raar  of  U', 
''"'''■  I'''""  '^  ''1""  ""  .1  -^'rcp  hiIls„K.  an.l  .onsists  of  Vive 
UavIs.  Thr  upprrmoM  o.ntams  ih,.  apparatus  f,.r  .lakniL;  Im-r 
;m(l  fcr.hn-  it  automatuallv  into  tlir  sirram  ,  ,f  slmu-:  thr  ni'Xt 
.K'partnunt  i-<mtains  two  lar-r  con.-Loltom  a.vumulation-vats :  tl:r 
nrxt  tl,,or  i>  ,KTupu.,l  l,v  tlu-  soluti.ni  stora-r-xals  an,i  prmpua- 
t.on-pr>'Ss,s,  tl,r  n,-M  !,v  Ilir  sl,m,-pu-sr  ^ :  an.l  tlu-  lowrst  Lv  the 
prrcipitation-x-ats   an.l    .lumps. 

Tw,.  small  vats  arr  pr.,vi.lr.l  tor  slakm-  Imic.  Their  ...u- 
tcnts  aiv  .Irawn  as  n'.pmv.l  t.,  a  srr(-rn-.'.  .vciv.i  l,ox  whnv  the 
iindiss.,hv.l  lumps  aiv  s,  paratr.l.  Tins  l,,,x  ..v,-rtl,,ws  into  an  agita- 
tor. ln,m  whi.h  \hv  nnlk-..f-l,mr  ,s  ...ni  muouslv  .lisrhar-c.l  "mt,. 
the  mam  slnn, -stivan,  at  tli,'ratr.,f  "  11,  Hmc  prr  ton  ,}  slimf. 
The  tw,;  sIu.Iki-  storaL;,'-vats  arr  2(1  ft.  ,l,am.  an.l  L'-l  ft  .Uvp  with 
a  47"  o.ni.al  lK,tt.,m  The  .Its,  haru.-  fr.mi  the-  slu.i.ur-vats  passes 
dircctlv  t.i  the  Hiter-pivss.-s  un.lcr  a  pri  ssutv  ..f  al...ut  'M)  11,. 
thr.m-h  a  id-in.  mam.  win,  h  extrn.is  thr.,ui;h  the  wh.,1.-  len.^'th  of 
the  press-1  uil.lin.;.  Betwen  .aeh  j.air  ,,f  ,,resses  this'^iiain 
branches  ,nt.,  a  l.niKUu.Imal  lO-m.  .list  nl.ui  ,n,L;  p,pe.  whieh  in 
turn  sen.ls  tw.,  4-m.  l.ranehes  t.,  ea.h  j.ress.  These  small  branches 
eommum.;ate  with  a  .■.-mmu.-us  .  hann.l  m  the  press  at  the  centre 
of  the  t.,1.,  4  ,n.  .iiam..  bv  means  .,f  whuh  the  slime  ,, asses  to  the 
hller-chambers.  Othc-r  channels  an-  ,.r.,v„le,l  as  follows  :  One  at 
each  upper  crn,  r,  2^  m.  .liarn..  f,,r  the  .-ntnm.e  an.l  exit  of  air 
'"»'  ■"■  'a.h  l.,v,cr  crner,  ,,f  sam..  .lianicter,  for  entrance  and 
exit  ,,l  soluti.,n:  an.l  .,ne  lar-e  .-ontinu.ius  channel  extenilinR 
al..n,-  the  c.-nliv  .,f  the  b.,tl,,m,  bv  means  ,,f  which  th,-  s„ent 
sitme   ,s   slu.,v.l   out.      This  channel   is   H  m.   .Iiam.,   an.l   alon^  its 


.Sill 


/\A(  i:\i  (  )■. Willi-:  i'i\.\(  'IKK 


t.i]i  Is  Mi^l'i'ii'lnl  a  .'i-in  ]n\n-  t  xlnnlinL;  llir  Kii'^lli  nl  tin-  press. 
'I'liis  I'lln-  Is  I>rn\  i.lfil  with  '.!_' nn//,lr>,  liii  l'iii<4  aiiil  "  ,_,  lii'liatn. 
t-aili  'if  wliu'li  ilcliMT-  a  ..irraili  iiitn  mic  «il"  the  l-in.  clianilic-'s. 
utuliT  a  In  ail  n\  .li.Miu  ."II  lli,  H\  a  sji,.iial  iiu-iliani-in ,  a  miinM- 
c-.-i;in'4  in.iliDii  i>  mipai'lcl  Im  tin--  pi]"',  raiisitv^'  it  tn  rrvuhx' 
thrc)Ut;!i  ati  arc  ni  _'!(),  mi  that  cat  h  siiiall  ii'i//]i'  jijax  ^  a'^aiiist  the 
C()ni|)ai-t  -liilir  rake.  i-riti"\  iiv^  1  !if  cake  r.  iiiiplcicl\-  atld  clraiisiti".; 
till'    r.itlll  .aflnii  III     111     aliiiul      !•".    Illliuiti'  The     iliscliai-;.;eil     -.jiiiu' 


i'l.i;    .'i.'.      Merrill    Z'lu-  l)n.;t    IVcciiMtati.  .11    I'n- 


k-a\-es  tile  press  thrnuL;h  the  I'reseeiit -shaped  spaee  let  weeii  the 
4-in.  I'ipe  and  the  (i-m.  ehannel.  the  latter  lieiipu  seakd  ihiritiL;  the 
operations  <if  filling,'   and   leaeliini;. 

The  iiperatiiins  within  the  press  consist  ol  leaehini;  with  solu- 
tions of  11,1  and  on  I  per  eeiit  stnnL;th.  and  the  aeration  of  the 
eakes  so  essential  to  -^oixl  extraction  in  the  HonH'Stake  ore.  The 
whole  oi>eration,  e\clusi\e  ot  tillin.L;'  and  einpt  \in;.,',  oecvipies  alioul 
SIX  hours       At  the  tinie  ot  in\'  msii   ijanuarv  ,   Mlll/t,  h\e  ot  tlie  LM 


f  WW  I  HI-:  i'i<.\i'ihi:    \i  nil:  iii'Mi-.^i  \Ki.     :)i; 

pri'SM's  Wire  m  o]  iimi  mii  .ni'l  wiirkiiiL;  iiin^t  --.it  islai  I 'inh  .  the 
iiiiKmimi,'  I'fissi's  wvvv  parlh  ^i  I  up  ami  wric  1  niii;  put  niln  usi' 
a'-  tasl  as  the  plates  affiNcil  IVmiii  tl;c  la>tnf\  L'li'lrf  ilatt-  i>f 
l"i'liui'at\  11.  Mr  .M(  itill  wfiu-,  "\\\  air  iiip\'  tnaliiiL;  al  tlu- 
rate  lit  aliiiiit  PJ.lillO  t'.n-,  prf  iiiiuith  ainl  will  inrrfa^c  lliiv  l.\ 
-M M'fal  tlii)U--aii(l  toils  pcf  tliuiitli  unlil  our  full  iapaiit\  oT  "U.ddO 
tolls  Is  attamnl,  I'ost  .lata  an-  not  oliIaiuaMr  Mt,  liili  will  tlot 
rXci  I'll     _'"i',    prf    loll    tor    all    Itrllis," 

Ml-     MiiTill     sul'tiuls    tlu'    lollowiii'^   ilala     for    Iaiiuar\  .    I!tl)7, 
Tolls  tnatnl  .  .  .   T.CiTn 

Assa\-\aluf      s  (i  s" 

Ki(.ii\i'r\'  in  iircrijiitati' (Mis 

Carrinl  o\rriti  uiijiriTipitatfil  si>lution  ,  ()  lUl 


Total   ri'i.'o\cr\    iri|ui  \  alcul    to  IMI  jnf  irll!  i  ,  .    S    (I    77 
At  tlu'  present  tinuM.Ma\-   1',  cli'Vcii  of  these  pre-^si  s  an-  v.ork- 
iul;  emit  iiiuouslv.  aiiil  with  results  eoiitiniiiiv^  those  ot  the  expi'fi- 
iiiental   plant    L;i\"in   alio\e. 

1  lia\  ('  alreailv  state'!'''  w  hat  I  ei  meeix  e  to  1  le  the  limitations  as 
Well  as  the  nuuMts  of  Mr  Merrill'.^  proeess.  In  all  fairness  it  ina\' 
lie  sail!  that  eaeli  of  the  lilteriiiL;  sX'steiiiS  now  m  \i),L;ue  jiossesses 
ilisiiiu't  merits  of  its  own.  The  supreme  test  of  tln'  iiU'tallur,L,'isl 
in  these  cla\'s  of  main'  iineiUioils  is  to  seleet  the  rii^'lit  pri.eess  for 
his  purposes,  that  i-',  ihe  one  unitint;  the  L,'reatest  iiumher  of 
aiKantaijt's  w  lu  n  applieii  io  his  speeial  proMem.  Of  Mr.  Merrill's 
svste.n  it  nia\'  lie  said  lmall\  and  em]ihalii.'ally ,  iha!  it  is  an  estali- 
lislu'l  sui'i't'ss,  and  will  i.'onse<|Uentlv  ha\"e  a  wide  i'aii,!.,'e  of  use- 
fulness. As  for  the  install.ation  ilstdf.  wliieh  will  eost .  when  com- 
pleted, a  half-million  dollars.  I  i|uestion  whether  in  the  whole 
tield  of  eyanidation.  we  shall  find  a  more  ini^'eiiious  and  oritjinal 
aeliK'\'ement .  or  one  more  eons]iieuousl\-  uniliiiL;  metalluri,'ie,'il 
t't'th  ieni'\'   with   ]ierfe(tion   of  meehameal   detail. 

'Mnurit;  .in.!  Siitntil'ic    Viv  .  Di-nni!  .-r  1.'.    I'lni; 


VACLLM     SI.IMl'      FILTICkS 


'   .  ■■    II     I  ■■1117 

Thr  H,liiur  : 

Sir  In  \ii'A  "t  tlir  :irIuU'^  tluil  li:i\c  .■iii]ii'.irc(l  fniiii  liiiic  \i> 
lllllr  in  the  (I'lunm^  "I  thr  .Ml\I\i,  avd  Si  i  :-.\ti  i  ic  1'ki.^>  as  in 
till-  mints  (j|  tin-  .M<  MiT  aii'l  lUitt.r-.  s\  vtiins  of  '  aruuni-lillrrs, 
liaxiiii;  li,nl  suiiir  crqu-nnii  r  witli  Imtli,  I  wnuM  like-  tu  ail<i  a 
ti  w  IT  marks  n  >  tlic  i^rnrral  rxiliaii'^i'  <il  I'Km^  lhr()ui;li  \  uur  iMlumii-. 

I  dii  ii'H  tliink  tlu'i\-  1^  murli  ilili'i-iTiiic  m  lUlicr  s\  ^Inn  as 
far  as  oist  ni  npcratiiin  aiiil  iiiainhnaiu  •■  i^  niini'mcil.  Imt  1  iln 
lliink  llu-rr  IS  (.■uiisiik  raMr  ihrurnuf  wiu-ii  il  wmus  tn  llir  niam- 
U  iiaiHi-  1)1  tlif  Iji'st  iiiiiilitHins  for  llir  lnL,'lirsi  ftfu  ii  iu'\'  in  tin- 
'.■aLUuni  i\|'c  iif  lilur  It  niakis  nu  iliiurinri'  wliiili  m|'  the  tun 
liltcrs  nuiitinnr^l  i-.  nsi'l  t^r  niakiii;^  llir  rakr,  as.  with  a  i,'i\rn 
\aiuiini  anil  pulji  iMiiduiuns.  iitlur  i  if  them  make  a  rakr  r(|uall\' 
fast,  'i'lu'i'i  fiii'f.  H  (iimis  in  a  i|iU'^tiiin  nf  ilisplacini;  llu-  ]irrL;nam 
suiuMiin  n.nlaiiU'l  m  tli'-  tini^lu  d  laki    li\-  liarn  n  snhilKin  nr  water. 

The  I'fsl  idiiilitiiins  fur  iniftcl  ilisplannunt  an-  (ilitaiiud  li\ 
lia\inL;  a  hnmn'^riu  cni->  niiMun  uf  t  he  pulp  in  t  lie  tihci-lidX  1  linnit^'ii- 
uut  the  linifiif  niakiirj  I  1r  rake  anil  l'\  maintainin;^'  iinifurni  khi- 
lilllnns  until  the  end  nf  illsplaeelllent .  w  lu  11  tlu'  (lelM)siteil  sllliu- 
is  I'eaih'  tn  lie  i lisi.har;4ei  1 .  H\"  unifnrm  edtiilitidiis.  I  iiii  an  a 
I'lmstaiU  \aeuum.  emistant  h\  ilrostatie  pi"es--'.ire,  ami  as  little 
I  xpnsure  tn  the  air  as  jmsslhle  Umier  tlii'se  tniiiiltiniis  I  tinii 
tliat  the  ilis]ilaet-nienl  is  alninst  jierleet.  nn  ajijirt-eialile  ileei\ase 
111  siren,i,'tli  of  i\aniile  1  liiii,'  iinlieeaMe  until  neariiiL;  the  finish 
of  displaeinunt .  whin  the  ileerease  is  rapid  ilnwn  tn  the  streni,'th 
nf  the  barren  snlutmr  with  wliii  h  tin-  washini,'  is  heiiiir  dnne. 
which  shows  a  displact  .nt  of  the  prei^'iiant  snlulinn  eontaim-d 
in    tile    i;ike,    with    \er\-    littl'     dilution. 

Dilutinii,  wlun  ilisplaeine  '.villi  water  or  barren  solution,  is 
to  lie  a\niili-d,  as  it  means  a  lari^'er  aninunt  nf  snlulinn  in  lie  jiassed 
throuj;h  the  zme-lioxes.  and.  in  tin-  i  \i  nt  nf  water  In  ini,'  tist'd. 
il   also  means   a   lar^'er  quantits'   ol    waste  solution. 

The  methods  of  operation  of  both  tlie  Moon'  and  iUittiTS 
filters  iia\e  liein  '^iNen  at  sniiie  lrni,'th  in  \our  i-olumns  at   \arious 

<'mC-,     i--"; ; 

them   aL'ain. 


I    .1,  .11    1, ,■;..(!,•    ,>,,,1,n.. 


r   1(    I 'I'M    ^I.IMI:    l-ll.'l  l:k-- 


:?  1  :i 


In  ImpiIi  >\sirnis  tlic  stui-.ii^r,  nr  i'i|n.ili/m'^  \  ,il  .  i^  plaicl  tu 
(inc  •,\i\r  m|  ilif  liltfr-lidx.  iiul|)  liiiiii;  drawn  linni  il  in  kn  p  tin- 
l<a\(  >  III    ;lii'    lillrr  Nul>niiri;ril   ihirniL;   t  lir   li>;nialii>n   mI    ilu    i  akc 

In  till  MiiMic  >'.-~tcni  till-  wliiilr  ni  ^1  ^t  lla\l^  iwlnrli  air  at - 
taihcil  In  a  IraiHi  i>  iiiikjm'I  liMin  llic  liltci-lmx  li\  a  t  ia\  iIiiil: 
crailf  aii'l  'lilisrfiil  mid  a  ilisplarinn-x  at ,  wlinli  i>  minu  diati  1\ 
alon^,'>iilr  lIu  t;Itir-\al,  t!u-  \aiuiiin  hi'inL,'  inaiiil  ainnl  diiiiii'^ 
tlir  iiidxiu'^  III"  the  Icia'ln!  iiisi  iif  leases  tii  tlu'  ( 1 1  s]  i]a(  111 '^  -  x'at  s. 
The  niiit  1-  i(]ni|i(]>ril  nt'  ilinc-  lillci'iiii;-',  at>.  I  w  n  Inr  ijisplai  mi,', 
all']  "tie  m   the  icnii'r  tut'  lija'iuiL; 

When  llu  I  raiie  lias  i-etnn.iil  the  lilteis  iVmn  the  Icia'lni'^'- 
\at  and  .le|inNite'l  t  helll  m  I  h.e  .  lis]  ■laeUl',;  -  \  at  .  it  is  dlsei  mnei  tc  il 
and  taken  t'>  the  cthei'  nest  nl'  (liters,  wdjieh  are  m  the  ntjier  dis- 
plai  m^-x  at .  anil  when  the  sliine-eake  on  I  he  lilters  is  diseharL;ed 
tlu'V  are  hn)Ui;hl  dwv  mtn  the  JMaditi'^'  \  at  .  and  the  ni.ikiiiL;  ot 
the  cake  eotnnunees  witlmut  luss  (it  tune. 

In  the  Hutters  s\  stein  the  niters  are  statiniiar\-  m  the  tilter- 
\-at  .  and.  when  the  i  :dxe  is  made  the  lilll|i  is  pumped  haek  mtu 
tlie  sii  ira'4e-\-al ,  the  \  at  is  washed  niil  with  solution  and  is  then 
nllt'il  With  Water  and  dlspiaeernenl  commeiues.  Wdien  tmished. 
the  eake  is  disehari^ed,  the  snrjihis  water  is  runliaek  tn  st(irai.;e. 
and  till-  disiharijed  slitlle  is  sluieed  to  waste.  The  \  at  is  ai,'am 
shlleed  nut  torellKAe  an\'  Ji.irtules  i  it  till'  diseharijed  eake  ad- 
herinL,'tii  the  sides,  and  a'^am  pum]ied  lull  ol  slime  t'nr  the  nt  xt 
e\  ele    nt    nperaticMls. 

A  eomiiarisnn  ol  the  time  intisumed  Inr  a  iiim]ilete  e\cle  is 
as   tolhiws  : 


McioKK    SVSTKM     .\  1     LtlMlHrV     l'.|.M.     Mll.l,.    T  K  1. 1. 1  K  I  U  i: ,    C'dl.i)., 
j.\M   .\KV,     I'.HK). 


Makmt,'  eake 

TraiisterriiiL,'  tfnm  Inadmu;  tw  disjilai  m;4-\'at 
Displacing;  or  washmj,'  cake 


ani].flin;,' 


I)ischari,'in;4 

Transterrin.L,'  from  displacin;,'  to  loadin},'-vat. 


Hr 

Mm 

4.- 

1 

0 

5 

15 

5 

Total  time  jicr  cycle 


2     i; 


A7-(  /•  \  /  (VI  \ //»/•:  I'K  \<  I  h  /•; 


H'.  TTKKS    SVSTKM    AT    t'lM  a  |  V  \  |  | ,  ,\     Mn.l,,    CiOLDFI  ELI),     .\  I  \ 
MaUi   II  .      I'M  17 


Fillinj;  tiltrr-liux  t'n»m  stura^;f 

M;ikitiii  caki' 

I'lmipiii),'  |iiil|)  from  filtiT-vat  hack  to  stora.v-i'. 
Filling;  tilter-vat  with  wasti'  suluiiun  ur  wanr. 
Dispkuinj;  or  wasliinj;  laki-.. 

Sanijiliii),' 

Disc-liafKinj;.  .  . 

Runninj,'  suriilus  uash  Miiiiium  to  stnra),'t'.  . 
Shitiinj,'  out  diM  liarj^ji'tl  slinif  ri'siiluf 


•2r, 

'1'2 

II 

15 
n 

s 


'I'lital  time  per  v\v]v    .     ;{         1  1 

In  i-oini.ann^^  llii-  al.'Ar  "iM,.,  fur  tiiii-  <(,iisutiK.l  li\-  tlif 
various  sti'jis  in  cai'li  s\-,imii,  nil  \.r  ii,)ii,-,.,l  tlmi  \\xc  transf»r 
fnjm  till'  loailinK-vat  to  llir  di.splaiin),'-\  at  m  ilc  Mmmr'  -Nsicni 
occiiiiifs  five  niinuti-i.  Durini;  this  short  prnml  ui  iin;i'  tl-.c  \a- 
(iiiiiii  In  tiilh  iiKiinlaiiu  .1  .  llnTcton.'.  iIktc  is  no  chanyi'  in  this 
partuular  part  of  tiu'  operation,  the  fxposiire  to  thi'  atniM.plK  r, 
is  shor'  an'l  the  rhan^'c  from  xhv  hydrostatic  jirfssurc  of  tlie  pulp 
on  ihf  .,nl,^h(■.l  rake  lo  that  oi  iju'  water  on  tlie  same  in  tlie  (hs- 
pl.ii  iiiv-  \  al    !■>   r.ipi'l. 

In  ihe  I'.uli.r-,  •>;> -trill  tlir  t '-.ni-l',  r  uf  ihr  ninaiiiin-  jmip 
hark  to  storat;e  after  the  i.ike  )>  iii.elc  m,  .  upir-,  L'L.'  iiunutes: 
the  pnnipiiv^'  of  the  water  I'or  ili-pla.m-  lafter  all  the  \i\\\\<  i-  ..uti 
oeciipirs  L>u  minutes,  makiiii;  a  imal  .if  !_'  minutes  from  the  tin- 
is|iin;4  1,1  the  e.-ike  hetore  1  ll-]  ilaielllellt  eail  hr  i  c  iimiu  lire  1  Tins 
IniiL;  periiHl  ne.e-~-.it  ates  tile  \-aeuuni  Iieiil'.^  .In.ppe.l  tlMili  _'l  t.i 
.",    inille>. 

The  .lilli  reilre  ill  t.ital  lilll.'  e.  )ii-.nni'  .1  prr  e\.'le,  ..llief  than 
in  lllakllT^  the  cake  ail.i  .lispl.i.ue^  it.  i-  srell  to  he  1511  imnntes 
with  the  .^^..,n■  -vsiriii.  aii.l  I  hr,  II  nun,  with  th,'  iViiirr-.  the 
saving.  Ill  f,i\-..r  .  .f  ih.^  .\I.,.ii-e  -•, -t.,'in  heiiii;  I  iir,  I  I  inin.  per  evi-je, 
Init   tlir  -,i\inL;  ..f  liin.'  1-.  ti.it   llu'  <.iil\    ei.n-i.ler.itinn 

Tile  leiiL;tli  .if  tune  (le.-npiiMl  Prtwi'di  tiiii^hiii;;  the  iii.-ikiiT^' 
of  file  i-akv  ,111.1  ill,'  I  .iiiinim.viiieiil  .if  .Jisplaem'^-  it  111  \hv  iiut- 
ters  svstein  iicee-^ilate-  .Ir.ippiii'.^  the  \aeiuim  .1.j\mi  tn  ti\c  inehes. 
<ir  liarel\-  sulfieiellt  fi  lloM  "W  the  eake,  ..th.-rwise  the  .ak.^  w.iuM 
I"-    s.i    iia.iie    air-eraike.i    tiiat    .jispia.i  nuilt    w.juI.I    I  .e    imp.  .--sil  ile. 


r  \<  I'l  \i  si,i\ii-  I- 1  I.I  I  Rs. 


.'{ I  : 


(A  ,'-iii.  lakr  uiiilri  is  HI  v.i.imin  wili  i  laik  lusutnl  rfiliiii]>i  i.  >n 
in   s»-\in   niinuti's.  I 

Wlirn  tlir  vai'iuiiii  is  |m\\,i('!.  aWw  tiiii>!im;^  tln'  ■,iki-,  tiiiuii 
of  tlv  moist  I'Xti'Hur  ]"iit  \nn  i  ii  i  In  <  aki  dnjps  off  w  In  ti  tin-  liNilro- 
statii'  ])rfssiiri'  is  rfinoviil  u  Iniii'.;  a  ilitVunlt  iiiattcr  lo  aHjusi 
till-  vai'uuni  at  tlic  best  y'lwn  In-  air  partutikir  lakr.  Inr  it  li!o 
hijjh.  tlio  rake  will  \»-  l>a'll\  rr,a  knl  ,  all'l  it  tun  low,  ihr  rake 
has    a    tfnilftu\'    to    sloui,'li    ui'i 

In  the  )'_'  mill.  I  iiiistitiuil  m  |aiiii|iiii'^  ilir  ptilp  Imi  k  t'l  storaKi' 
aiiil  i'h-  wall  r  iiitn  ilif  lilh  r-liux  Nir  '1k|.Ih  cin  in  ,  t  lu'  fXtrutr.c 
top  ol  till'  takf  IS  (.xposid  tor  tin.'  tull  ;irrii)ii  ot  tmii-  to  tlic  atir.os- 
])hiTi.'  and  tlir  low  wuuuni  that  is  niaintainid.  tlii'  Yu\]>  rctciks 
slowlv  down  thi'  rakr  dnriii',;  llic  |ruiii|ini^'  oul  "!  'lii>  jiiil]'.  ami 
thf  t'akf  is  slowly  siiliiiiirjifd  diinn^i  tlu-  i  niiaiiri  .it  thr  water, 
TluTcfori'.  thiTf  is  a  period  of  time  laliotit   Jii  mm     m  whieh  the 

cxtivnii'  upper  llalt'  of  the  (  ake  I--  exposed  to  l!le  air  lunger 
than  the  lower  hall,  and  w  th  suriieii-tit  \aeunin  to  hold  llu-  eake 
on  the  tilter-lcaf  thei'e  i>  aKo  siifheient  to  eau--r  di-.plan  mmt  a> 
the  Water  slowh  n>e>  with  the  refill  that  iIm-  preu;nant  -^olulioii 
in  the  lower  halt  ^f  ihe  rake  is  tllori  iir^lllx  ilisplared  loiv^  hi'Iore 
that  in  the  nppi  r  half  and  a  laVL;e  amoiinl  of  dihuion  on  ur-,  as 
the  larL;e  (|nanlit\'  ol  weak  harnii  s.  ihiiiMii  luei  ssar\  |i>r  displaee- 
iiuiu  .i;oes  to  ]iro\"e,  at  the  ('om'iinanon  plant  ii  heiiv^'  tour  and 
onedialf  times  llu-  amouiil  > -i  n\'n-.\  ire  iMiuamid  m  tin'  eake 
before    displacement 

It  will  1)1'  seen  thai  m  1  lie  time  selledllle  (  jI  !  I'.e  e\a  le  of  opera- 
tions ihe  Hmiers  sNsiein  will  ha\e  to  lie  eonsideralip-  ehatv^ed  lo 
all' iw  '  if  I  he  liesi  workiiii;  I  I  iiidil  lolls.  And  I  >  on-ider  it  jireferalil-.' 
to  tise  one  \al  lor  loadm;.,'  and  a  separate  \at  jnr  dis]ilaem'^. 
as  then  the  small  loss  ot  nme  nee''ssar\-  for  washini;  oui  the  tilter- 
1h)x  when  idiani.;inj,'  from  pulp  lo  water  and  the  rexerse  are  a\oided. 
and  it  also  a\dids  the  eon  slant  small  h  isses  that  .iie  liouml  to  .leeur 
1a-  this  methoil  throiiLjh  mixim;  of  small  amoimls  of  pulp  and 
prej,'nanl  solution  willi  waste  solution  wlu'ii  tliev  l;o  throu,i,di  the 
same  s\  stem  ot  pumps  and  pqniii,',  and  the  richer  the  solution 
the    '^'I'ealer   the   loss. 

The  wide  il'''''erence  in  the  ea])aeit\'  of  the  two  plants  makes 
it  dil'ficult  to  ■  ■  a  just  comparison  of  tlii'  i.ost  of  opcalioiis. 
the  Lilert\'  Meii  jilaill  at  Tellunde  liaxiii'^  a  ca|>acit\'  of  -J.'O  tons 
j'cr  'ia\  ai'i'i  tin  v.  wIT'iIm nation  .Mirn.  .^  piatii  at  « j<.j'i;ji(^  i,j  i'.i.>  icins 
]n.r    clay    as    at    ]iresetit    equippt  il. 


310 


/v7-:(7-;.V7-  (Tiw/v-.  ri<.\i  'I'll  /•:. 


The  l:ih(.r  rinpl.)\,  ,1  al  ihc  Lilrrlv  H<  11  at  tlu'  tnr.v  <A  wlurh 
1  wnU'  was  two  nun  on  va^h  sliitl,  one  of  whom  ;niiil  a-  sliift- 
lioss  and  had  j^'oncral  suptTvision  of  settlers.  ai;itators.  ..nd  Moore 
filters,  making;  all  iietessarv  titrati.ins  tlirouul'.out  tl.tse  depart- 
ments. At  tile  Coniliination  ])iant.  one  nian  on  eaeli  slnft  attends 
to  the  filter-plant  besides  niakint;  otlur  titrations  in  the  leaehin^'- 
jilant,  >o  that  with  the  small  mm  as  insialle<l,  that  is.  two  tilter- 
lioxes  of  2n  and  M)  leaves.  respeetivel\  .  oiir  m.ni  p^r  sliift  eould 
possibly  handle  the  full  eajiaeitv  of  the  plant  or  Hi.'j  tons  per  ilay. 

Tile  jiowir  eonsumption  at  the  Libert\  Hell  is  two  lO-h.]). 
motors  at  the  transferrin.i;  eranes  and  om-  4()-h.p.  motor  to  operate 
the  vaeuum  and  other  auxiliary  jiutiips  eonneeted  with  the  filter- 
in.ij  system,  the  same  mmor  also  op,  ratin.i;  a  (loulds  triplex  pump 
that  ri  turns  all  solution  used  in  milliiii,'  tlie  ore  ti>  th.e  toji  nf  the 
mill,  a  lift  of  about  .M)  ft.,  recjuirini;  about  7  li.p.  e.in.stantly . 
the  total  power  consumption  1  eini,'  "M  hji.  to  ehar.i,'e  at,'ain-I  the 
filtu-  eciuipnunt.  The  power  eonsumption  at  ti  (_'■  m!  ination 
plant  when  operatin.u'  two  Butters  pumjis.  whieli  the  neent  new- 
addition  iii.ikes  neeessar\-  (the  i.laiit  beiu'.,'  two  units  .  i-  L'd  iiorse- 
piiWi-r. 

The  ('iiniliinatioii  plant  then,  with  its  iwu  -.mils.  ..r.r  ..i  _'s 
leaves  and  the  oth.r  of  M)  leaves,  ean  handle  \<X>,  t,.rs  ,  ,f  dry 
slime  per  day  win  n  working'  at  a  maxnmim  .ap,ieii\.  wuh  lal  or 
of  one  tnan  per  shift  and  a  eonsumption  ,.i  I'o  h.p  The  Liltrtv 
Ik-U  plant,  with  its  four  sets  of  leaves  eoiisistim:  oi  (17  ea>h.  will 
handle  -i.'.O  tons  per  day  when  working;  at  maximum  eajiaeity, 
with  the  labor  of  t.vonun  per  shift  am!  the  <  onsumjition  of  T.W 
h.]>.  Therefore,  as  far  a-  direct  (Dmp.iriM.n  ..f  the  actual  ojjcr- 
atiiiL'  costs  of  the  two  jilants  j,roes,  there  is  not  niueh  ditferenee. 
Hut  two  important  items  that  efTeet  the  capadtv  of  the  Moore 
I'laiH  at  the  I.il.er;\-  H,ll,  .md  that  so  far  ha\,'  not  1  ( rn  lakiii 
into  consideration,  are  the  stuk\  n.iture  'if  the  ore  handled  and  a 
ilitTereaee  of . ■}.(!( )()  ft .  i,'reater  altitude 

In  takinj;  u[)  the  'iiustion  of  maintenance  it  will  !e  noticed 
that  the  total  miiiilier  of  leaves  in  tl;r  Libertv  [?(  11  pl.mt  i-  _'tis 
a;,'ainst  ."X  Ka\r>  m  tin-  Combinaiioe  jilani.  heiice.  ailowmi,'  for 
an  equal  life  m  each  ease,  the  renewal  c(ist  for  this  it,  in  <m  the 
^^'ore  plant  will  be  almost  fiv<'  times  .as  -leat  ..s  on  t  lie  Igniters 
plant  at  the  Combin.ition.  but  tin  i-u],.  ,,r,jM,,i!.K.-  ,>.,.,,,;.,,,,.,! 
still  holduiL;  ^;oo(i.   that    a   ,L;i\tn   pulp  am!   vacuum   ..mditiMii   will 


]'  i(  rr.M  .^^iJMi:  i-ii.i i-.KS. 


:!i: 


]iriiilnrf  tile  >,imc  cake  tll  cIlllcT  -v>lrlll.  the  Mih.it  phnu  at  t!ir 
I,i!Ki't\  liill  it  woi-kiiiL;  '111  I'liinliiiialiMn  urc  wuuM  li;i\r  a  lajiai-ily 
(i|  Ml."  I.lIl■^  |icr  i!a\-  a;_,'aiiist  l',l.'iton>  pd'  i!a\'  ■  )l'  tin-  |Ji-(>tiu 
('nml'inalum  |ilam.  In  I  lir  iiinxni:^  part--  i  it  tin  i  rar.r  in  t  ho 
Mniii'f  sv.strin,  tin-  main  ili'iu  lor  r\|n'ns(v  \>>v  r(pair>  i>  I  lie  n  new  al 
lit  the  littiii',;  laMi'--.  wliu'li  rc(niin'  rriu'wnij,'  almut  uiirr  a  \rar 
it  pr' i]i(ii\  ailju^ti'ii  wlun  put  I'li.  The  npairs  tliat  arc  nt(  t  >si- 
talnl  1a-  the  ii'am'>  aiT  iit't'sct  li\'  the  i\  pairs  t'l  tlir  rent  ritui,'al 
pumjis  ill  tlu'  lUiitirs  s\strni.  With  tin-  .Mnciix'  systiiii.  wlun' 
lH'a\\'  Idads  of  slime  aft-  niovi'l  fri  mi  wiir  \  at  to  aiiotluT,  tlnTi' 
is  ahvavs  tlu'  ])()ssil>ilit  \  ot  aniiKnts.  tni  nisiaiur,  a  ralilu  lii'i^akiipi; 
and  caustni,'  a  liail  wrnk.  fuiiiiini;  up  tin-  ft  pair  liills  rai)iiil\'.  hut 
with  iiVi.prrh'  ilc^iu'in'il  apparatus  the  prohal'iliI\'  of  such  an 
iHTurrfiicf   is   \(r\"    rcnioir. 

It  Is  sujiposfil  that  tJK'  iiio\in),'  of  the  filters  j^'reatly  k'sst  ns 
their  life  li\  strainitiL;  the  eanx'as:  sueh  is  not  the  ease,  as  one 
cannot  feid  the  least  jar  when  the  erane  start-  to  lift,  ilu'  \i'rtieal 
xeloeitv  I't'ini;  oiilv  se\iii  to  ei'^lit  feet  yvr  minute  while  lioistin,i,' 
the  loailril  l.askets  and  the  same  when  lowerini:  into  the  dis]ilae- 
ins,'-\'at.  and  iliere  is  apparenil\'  no  more  dilYefi me  in  th.e  eake 
or  tilters  ,iftei'  mo\ini;  than  it  tiuv  !iad  not  hee'ii  reiiioei  d  troni 
the  loadiilLj-N'at  'Idle  su-peiidi  d  load  on  eaeh  filter-leaf  i-  the 
same  111  either  easi-.  whetlu'r  tile  fdti.-r  with  its  l.iad  of  shtiie  is 
renioN'cii  from  tlii'  \'at  full  of  pulp,  or  the  pulp  remowd  fron, 
aroinid  tin-  filter,  the  oiih"  dltTereliee  l.ritlL;  in  the  length  of  time 
till-  filter  is  re(|uired  to  sustain  the  load  of  slinie.  unaidid  li\"  h\"dro- 
statie  pressure  of  eitlu'f  jiulp  or  water,  whiel;  maxinuim  leiiLjth 
of  time  is  seen  to  lie  fi\a'  llUnuIi'S  in  tlie  .Moore  s\sttni  t..  )' 
ill    the    Hulters. 

In  a  1'  m|iarison  of  eosls  of  installation,  a  .".s-Irat  plant  s\u  ,i 
as  is  used  in  the  t'omliinat ion  null  will  he  taken  and  the  mam 
items    of    neeessarx"    material    fi'r    e.aeli    one    tahulated. 


HI    1  m:ks   -\  SI  l-M. 


MdliKh    S^  SIK.M. 


■_'      1  li\'   III  11    tilUT-l.ipMs  :l  11  1'\    tuft    tilterdiiixes 

I     ilh\-   IJ  tt     puli>  stciraije-vai.  I  lllv.    I -'  fl     imlji  st(irat;e-\al 

1     \\   \<\    \1  fl     waliT  '■  1  1  J  l'\    III  in    \:u-inini  luiinii 

I     I J  li\    111  111    \  :uiinin-]Hiin|'  1  Hl-li  i'    im.I.'r 

■J    lin     Butlers  ei-ntnfu^al  imiiips  I  .'ll-ton   '  r.iiu-  .iirapp.  d   witli 

I    ■_'ll  li  (1   nidtor.  1  lii-h  p    !n":ni 

.'iS  Hlter-k-aves.  I  I  ui    i  .  nt  ntu^al  imniii. 

.iS  mter-lraves. 


:5ls 


/<I-A  l:\  I    (    ]-.\  \II>h.    I'R,\(   •//(  H 


II  will  l,f  srcn  that  thr  Mmuiv  ^vstcin  iv.|uuvs  ihiT,'  ulior- 
1">\r-  ,1-ainst  nnl\-  tw,  iicVir.l  m  th,  Hutur-.,  niil\-  Miir  si..i-a,^i- 
\-al  liriii-  iirr.lc.l,  aii.l  thai  \>>y  pulp  iii  tlir  lirsi  iiiMamv,  a.>  a-auist 
tw.,  in  tho  srron.l  ;  an.l  a  _>()h  p.  t,i..l.M-  avaiust  t  \vn  lO-h.p. 
The  main  .liltrfriirr  m  t  l;r  <mM  ,,f  iiiMallatiM,,  ,s  ,„  ihr  rfanr, 
«hi.li  u-,11  ad.l  :;.-.',  1,,  ih,.  f.tal  cn^t  ..t  the-  plant.  The  ahuvt' 
•■'l"M'"i'''">  ri.mpnM-  an  ,-<|nal  (iltcfin-;-aiTa  m  rach  caM'.  Tlic 
Muuiv  ^vsl,.n^  u,j|  l,a,„li,.  SI  .■hai-rs  ,n  12  huur-,.  an.i  tlir  liutt.'fs 
syslt'n)    1(1  ihavL,'"-^  m    1  _'  iir     1)   minute-:. 

T"  -unmiavizc  :  Tiic  up,M-atiti-  ,,,,,s  ,,f  luhi-r  s\strni  aiv 
ali'.ul   r(|ual,  as  aiT  al><.  tln'  inaintrnanri'  an.l   fcpairs. 

Tlu'  installation  v:<>\  tur  i  hr  Mouit  >v.-strni  i-,  ;<"' ,  i^rcat^T 
than    tlu'    HulHTs   ssstoni    i,,v   an    r.iual    tilt.nn-~ar.a. 

TIk'  i-ap;a-ity  is  .'il' ,  -nati  r  in  t  ln'  .M,„,rc  system  than  in 
thf    IkittcTs   systriii    f.n-  an   npial    tiltmn-af.  ;i. 

The  c'ltiiicnoy  nt  the  Alncrc  sv>t,tii  tnr  the  fn(i\('r\-  nt'  j.rru- 
nant  ^,,hui..n  with  thr  least  ani..unt  uf  1,,,-,  an,!  .liiutinn.  is  hi-luT 
than  th.c  Huttrfs  s\siein  tnr  iTaMJtis  prcxioush,    '^ui  n. 

TltetV  IS  IK,  .lnul,t  l,ut  that  -nen  uleal  1.  .pu-raphieal  enn- 
<liti..ns.  th.r  Huttefs  svstcni  can  l.r  a  -ivat  .leal  hettrf  arran-r.l 
than   heve   at    the   ("< Jiiiliinatinn    plant. 

Where  suliuieiit  elevatmn  is  a\ailaMe  in  allnw  nt"  ample  j.ulp 
ami  water  stnrai;e  al.nve  liliir-linxes.  ami  alsn  t  lu'  >ame  amj.le 
stnraLje  1  elnw  itn  a-aiii  allnw  for  the  stnra-e  nf  pulji  ail^l  wal>  r:, 
a  .irivat  sa\in-  of  time  is  nlaamahle  he  allnv.in,"  the  pulp  an,l 
water  tn  flow  m  an.l  nut  ni'  tln'  tilter-lmx  rapi.llv  This  wnuhl 
nfeessaril\-  -reatlv"  ineivase  th<'  enst  nt  installati.iti  Un.ier  such 
enn.littniis  the-  amnuni  nf  pulp  and  water  in  he  mnMMl  l.aek  up 
hill  alter  eaeh  ex'ele  nf  nperatlnlls  wnnhl  he  pertnrnieW  n\er  a  Inil'^' 
Iierm.l  nf  mm-  an.l  imi  ,,!,.iruet  the  hltenm;  ,,perat,,,„,  mstea.l 
"'  ''  '-'""■'  l"'''i"'l  'lunii,;^'  whieh  liltennu;  nperatiniis  must  eeasi'. 
as  at   tile  Cnmliinalinii  plant. 

IVdt  even  iin.ler  tlu.se  enii.lit i. ,ns.  whieh  ha\-(>  niateriallv 
les-eiie.l  the  time  ennsunie.l  an.l  als..  impr..ve.l  the  enmlitmns 
Inr  .hsplae.'tnenl  l.\-  rem..\int,'  the  pulp  frnm  ar.,un.l  the  filters 
t-api.ilv  an.l  -ettinL;  t  hem  .|uiek!N  suhmefeeij  in  the  ,lisi,laeini,' 
me. hum.  we  liave  n.,t  eliminate. 1  ilie  n|,v-i.,us  npp.,rtumties  for 
loss,  that  is,  1,\  alt.'niatel\  runmii-  i.re.,'nant  s.,luti.in  ,m.l  water 
Ihroiii;:-,  ti.L   .-^line   |. ..mips  an. i   pipes  an. i  into  i  he  same  reeejitaeles. 


\'.\(  riM    ^I.IMI:   l-ll.l  l-.KS. 


as  a  larj,'(.-  jHTrrntaiji'  nf  \\\v  \vatiT  thai  in  this  wa\"  1  i coincs 
itiixnl  with  the  small  [iriuuiits  of  ['iilji  and  |ii-rL;nanl  smIuII'MI  has 
tu  he  alln\wil  til  lam  I'l  wastr  with  the  ■lischat',L,'fil  wikt-  "f  >hirL". 
TIn-'frfuiT,  the  less  ( i|  ipi  irt  uiiH  \  thriT  is  inv  anv  stuh  nnxm.;,', 
\\h(.'tlicr  acii'Kiital  ni-  miaxoiclalilc,  thr  Irlttf.  llnuT  iiM'  fi'asnn 
lur  sa\ini;  that  a  loailin^-wit  in  viiich  tl."  cake  is  niaWt-  ^hmiM 
\v  used  tnr  ihal  ]iur]"'--r  alnnc.  Ami  the  sanir  iraMimirj  holds 
j,'<i(id  as  re\i;ards  jiip'.'ditu's  and  imnips  tor  mo\  iiv^  lailp  rontainnii,' 
]irt  ,'naiit    solution. 

Since  lomnii  nriiiL,'  this  rout  nhut  ion.  Mr.  V..  II.  Xuilrr.  of 
llu'  Lilicrt >■  lU'll  null  at  Trlluridr Jias  i,'i\-fn  usa  further  artielr  on  the 
Moore  tiltt-rs  111  ust'  there,  sli.i,'lil  1\'  ehan.Ljin.^  the  ti.L;ures  as  slu)\vii 
in  the  taMe  1  ha\"e  L;i\in  tor  tim.i'  lonsuiiKd  ]ier  e\e!e,  wliii  h 
i-'han^e  no  douht  eoiiie,^  from  cj\a'r  a  \a'ar's  further  ex]ierienee  witli 
the  plant.  I  am  hiopin.L;  tliat  hi-  wi'l  furnisi;  us  witli  voir.e  \-al- 
ualile  lii^ures  from  reeeiit  operations  there,  and  that  Mr.  Mark 
R,  Lainli  w  !1  do  t  he  same  wit  h  refereni'e  to  the  more  n-eeiit  install- 
ations  of  the  Gutters  s\-steni  in  Mexieo,  for  the  heliefit  of  tile 
reack'rs  of  the     Min:\(1   axu  Sc  i  kxti  l-ic    Pki-:ss. 

A,   (i     KiRnv. 

(ioldfieid.  Xe\ada,   June    I.". 


CnWEWXi]  TAllJXC,   TllR()L"(ilI   I'll']-: 

(July  Jii    HMI7 

The  Kdit.M-  : 

Sir  In  npl\'  tu  \i.ur  iT(|urNt  tnr  tui-tlici-  ihita  ronccTnini,' 
the  ].ii)r-hnc  for  c()n\r\  ini;  tailing,',  imntioncl  m  \(,ur  arluli- 
ai.pcann.t,'  in  the  issue  of  Juiir  •_'!».  !  1,,-  to  ,a\  thai  ihis  hue  is 
."..4-1(1  ft.  lonir.  of  ,S-in,  casi-inm  li,  II  ami  spi-ot  p'.pr.  ;-\n.  ihiik. 
ami  j.iints  ralkcl  with  iiriiip  rope  |mmm.|\-  (ln\-(  n  iiUo  phi,  e  after 
havinj;  been  tarred,  it  i-,  laid  for  Us  first  ,s(M)  ft  ,,ii  a  '^ra.le  of 
;}J',.  alter  whieh  it  has  a  uniform  u;radt  i  lirou,i,'hout  ol  2\' ,  . 
Tiie  pijjedme  was  most  earefulh  aspliallcl  on  the  speeilieal  ions 
for  as]i]i,dlin.i,'  pipe  eontaim'd  in  t!ie  proeeedin;,'s  of  the  Amer- 
lean  Institute  of  .Minini,'  Hni,ineers  t«o  \rars  ai;o.  .md  was  made 
hv  tlie  Anieruan  Cast  Imn  I'lp,-  \-  l'onndr\-  ('n_  at  Anmston. 
Alahaina.  no  speeial  jiriee  hein.t,'  paid  for  said  asphaltmir.  whieh 
is  jiart    of  their  rei,'uhir  praetiee,   appannth'. 

The  hue  of  ]iii,e  ji.asses  llirou'^'h  a  erowdeii  eit\-  and  has  m 
Its  eoiistruetion  maiiv  eurves.  tlu'  ma)orit\-  of  whu'h  are  on  a 
M-tt.  radius,  the  eur\es  heini,'  made  h\-  shoin  sietions  of  eurx'ed 
pipe  in  .'v!t.  and  (hft.  leii-llis.  ordered  for  that  jiurpose.  At  tile 
h.ead  ot  this  liiu'  are  two  de-waterin-  -ones  ,,f  20  ft.  diam.  wil  h, 
1-.  sides;  these  renio\-,'  ahout  oiiedialf  of  liic  water  from  an 
oi.yiu    to   one    pul].    Ictore    mtrodueiion    into   tin-    pump. 

The  pipe  was  put  into  servir-  at  thf  middle  of  .Mareh  UtOI), 
and  has  iner.  in  eontinuous  usr  up  to  thr  present  date,  haN'in.i.; 
earned  appro\imatel\-  KMI.dlll)  tons  of  drv  pulp  dunni;  thai 
titiie.  Caret'ul  measurem.nl s  ot  the  interior  diameter  of  the  pijie, 
made  at  the  e.xjiiration  of  1 :!  months  of  serxiee.  show  that  it  has 
unler-onc  no  appreei.ihle  war.  The  total  cust  of  mainteiianee 
and  ujid^ee|)  dunii-  the  1 :{  months  has  l;een  ;5,."7  prsos.  spent  f(;r 
jiHinl  on  one  ot  the  \iadu.t  towers.  There  has  heeii  ahsolutely 
no  other  Ml  m   of  rxjien.se   sinee   its  installation. 

The  ]iulp  is  that    resulting,'  from  erushin>4  throu,<,'h  a  mill  of  ,s() 
stamjis  with  a  sitel   wire  screen  of  L'(>  mesh,   with  2S  wire  followed 
by  tuhe-imllinL;  of  a  jiortion  of  the  eoar.se  j)ro(luet  sueh  that   td'ter 
''"""'■■■''■     '  '    I    "■   — :e  ;  :-a;p  a:.  :.;;;;;;,.._"  ,    ottiK    iiai.im  v  i;oiiiuiaii\ 
passrs  a    iL'U-mesh  ser(  en       At   times,  however,  wlien  the  lube-mill 


U).\\l:\'l\(,     I  Ml.lXl.    I  IIKOl'l.ll    I'll'l: 


.Vl\ 


has  liccn  nut  i  if  siTviic  I'l  ir  njilaicnirnt  >>{  litinitis,  nr  Iuint  nin 
two  wt'fks  at  ,1  tiiiu-  en  --traiL,'!!!  I'timi  sli  ha' t<  r\ -luilp.  (  )ii  t\M> 
or  tliRT  ci  rasi'ins.  \>\-  rrasnti  nf  nc;^li  i  I  nn  ilic  ]ian  <A  \\\v  Mi  \- 
icaii  in  ohari,'i'  nf  tlir  iK'-watfriiit;  coius,  tlu'  tlnckiU'ss  of  tlie  pulp 
lias  In  rii  rein  Mill  rali]\-  iiKTcasi'd  (ivcr  the  iKirnial  four  to  one  pfo])or- 
Imn  ami  "n  such  oiH'asions  a  sii'^'lit  iK  pi  i^it  if  i  uarsc  sanii  iu  the  pi]n' 
has  oc'cuffi'ii,  which  ah\a\  ■-  l;i\i  s  uotitc  li\-  a  wiiistliui,'  noise  at  a 
tilow-holc  inti  ntiiiiiallx-  jilanil  m  the  ]iiiie  a!  nut  l.lMId  ft.  ffom 
its  lieaiL  'I'liis  notui'  al\va\  s  m  i  urs  in  jil'  iii  .  nf  time  fur  the  ei'for 
in  the  thiekiiess  nf  the  pulp  In  !e  ei  ivvei  t  ei  1 ;  nil  two  oet-asions 
tliH  neeun'eil  mi  iii-ht-sliift  ami  the  line  lilleil  approximately 
half-full  with  enarse  satiil,  liut  an  hour's  itlU'  was  sulfuiuit  to 
ileal"  the  line  ili\'  the  iut  rn.luetinii  of  more  water  at  the  liead) 
with  no  expense  lie\nnil  till  momeiitar\-  ilelav.  As  soon  as  ritlle'^ 
of  saml  ale  fnrnieil  s,i  as  tn  eause  an  nl.struelinn  in  the  t'ow,  the 
pine  ile\elnp>  hxilrnst at ie  In  ad  al.nx'e  tile  jmint  of  nistruetion 
sultieieiu  tn  fnri  e  tile  saiiil  tliriiui,'h.  l)(la\s  fmiii  this  ,-ouree 
ha'.e  nut  eausetl  ninie  than  fniir  lii>ur>'  In-s  ^li  time  in  th.o  entire 
i:i  months,  ainl  e\  en  I  hell  1  lie\'  Were  ilue  tn  eare'essiK'ss  at  the  cones, 
as  iiienliniieil  alin\e,  \iirniall\-.  nmntli  -ifler  nmiith.  tliere  wa.s 
nnt  the  .-li-htest  tuiilellex-  nf  liie  pulp  tn  iKpoMt  .in\"  saml  what- 
eW'i"  in  the  line  ami  when,  ilue  tn  I'leeti'ie  >hut-ilnwns  nr  an\"  oth.er 
stnjipaije  at  tlie  mill,  pulji  eeases  to  llow  iiiln  ll;e  In  ad  nl  tile  pilie, 
the  line  keejis  itself  eiitireh-  elear  witlmut  the  inlmduetinii  nl 
water. 

At  the  present  eapaeite  nf  L'.".(i  tniis  per  da}'  the  pulp  I'uns 
onh'  I,'  in.  deep  mi  the  lioltmiiof  the  ,s-in  \-\]r.  niiiiim;,;'  at  sueli 
spec'd  that  the  disiaili,-  hetweeil  the  elliN  of  tiie  line  is  tra\-etM.d 
in  alinut  r_'  minutes.  The  addnimial  Ml  >taniiis  to  li"  started 
in  Se]  tenilier  will  doulik-  the  amount  of  ]iiilp'.  liut  the  J'ipe  lan 
carr\'    !.(MI()  tons  as  easil\'  as  the  present   L'e.d. 

The  wear  i>  so  sli;.,dit  as  to  he  in\isil.!.  u]>  to  date,  hut  m 
aii\'  c-ase.  the  jmlp  runnin,!,'  onl\-  m  tlie  lower  part  ot  tlie  pipe 
wnuld  allow  of  the  turnin.L;  of  tin  entire  hue  ti\x'  times  hetm'e  it 
was  entire!',-  wnm  nut.  and  we  fi'^uri'  that  if  the  line  were  tn 
fu'eonie  worn  out  c'\er\'  .wo  Nears  it  would  onh'  mean  two  cents 
per  ton  carrit'd.  The  present  apjicarancc  is  that  it  will  last  50 
years. 

C    \V    V.w    l..\w. 
(.iuanajuato.   Jvily  2. 


C\.\.\II).\TI()\-      I\     THH     TRAXSVAAL 

■  Ju:>  jii   iitiiTi 
T'lK-   1-Mi!"r  ; 

Sir  I  must  lakr  cxifption  to  vour  Joh.innc^burK  lurrc- 
>l..)iicient's  remarks  in  v.mr  is^ur  of  June  N.  Fossil. Iv  he  dois  not 
understand  the  matter  he  eritieizes.  otherwise  it  is  alto^vlher 
(httieulT  to  understand  uhv  he  should  so  stron,i,'lv  depreciate  the 
vork  nt  tile  I),  nii\-  hrothers  heeause  the  local  juMjple  are  appar- 
entlv   unaMe    to  estimate   accuratelv  the  assa'    value  of  tl,,-ir  ore 

That  the, ■■new  metallur^v"  eunsisted  nierelv  of  a  tiielhod  of 
assavini:  is  news  to  nu-  What  the  Messrs  Dennv  anmein^ed 
was  that  : 

(at  The  i>ld  iiKilio,!  I,;'  trea'in.t;  coarse  sand  Ia  a  Ioiil;  per- 
colation was  wn.n^'  in  theorv  and  in  practice  and  that  m  spile 
of  opjiosiiion  the  mines  would  ahaiidMii  it  in  favcr  nf  tine  Ljniuling, 
for   v.hiih   ])urp.i>e   tliev   intro<iiuvd    tuhe-niills. 

'lo  Uy  the  use  of  tulie-nulls  llie\-  expected  to  ol.lam  not 
onlv  a  hi.uher  extraction  from  the  resultini,'  tliier  c,'rinding,  liul 
also  a  hi,L;her  ouijmt, 

(CI  A  continuous  method  of  slime  inainient  li\  ha\-inf< 
solution  occur  durinj,'  the  !low  i,v  tra\cl  of  tlu'  pulp  instead  of  in 
sjiecial  aijitators  after  collection  and  setllcnieiit  was  clieaper, 
!)Olh  in  tirst  cost  of  plant  and  in  wnrkini:,  than  the  pre\alenl 
decant  at  ion    method. 

In  order  turther  tn  increase  their  extraclion  the\-  einphiced 
tilter-iii-(.'sses   iiistiad    ni  decani  al  ii  >ii 

All  their  pnini.  the  Messrs.  |)riin\-  appear  to  liaxc  pro\-e(l 
to  the  hilt.  Indeed,  the  Use  i.f  luhe-mills.  startiiii;  Inmi  the  one 
im])one<l  l.y  the  l)enn\s,  has  imw  >prcad  all  o\ ,  r  the  Rand:  and 
I  note  no  fault  whatcNcr  is  tnund  with  the  extraction  dhtaiiicdi 
liv  the  ■'new  nietallur>,'v."  and  that  in  the  same  speech  Mr.  Alhu 
apijarentl\  statis  his  satisfaction  with  the  work  of  the  (ilter- 
Jiresses.  Ills  uiu  cause  of  dissat  isfaci  inn  sreiils  to  he  his  dil'licult\' 
in  olitainin;^  reliaMc  preliininar\-  as.,a\-s  .  hut  this  surelc  sluaiid 
not  he  insuperahle.  and  is  an  cntircK-  sulmrdinalt  matter  to  the 
olitainiii;:  of  ihv    iuji 


l""l"" 


Ml   at    1 1  le   1 1 11  iiiiiiuni   cost 


(   \  .1A//'.1  //"A    /A     ////■,    /  A'.IA  ^r. !.!/,. 


1  write  tills  tnH-.iusc  tlir  iTiruiik--  ul  \iiin-  ..  irrrN]..  in.K  n;  .,w 
caliulali-il  |M  ii>ii\c\-  ii  wrwiv-;  mi|'i'i-->ii  m .  .iinl  imt  1  i'r;iusr  I  aili 
filtirflv  111  arrufil  willi  the  liiU'  1,'ikrn  l'\  the  I)rtiii\--  Ti.i\  wrfo 
r:m;i(iUs  Hi  tl'.iif  pfrlmiitiai'N"  wmk  ■■ti  tulfitiilN  .  tl;i;r  \tfiliit 
\va-  aiiiplv-  m-tilinl  l.\-  rcMills.  Tlirv  ■lul  a  -'"h1  'leal  "{  pfi-lim- 
inar\'  wifk  with  liltii--]iiTsscs  :  thefc.  tuM.  thiif  iK'ri^iuii  stUlis 
jiistifii',1  li\-  fc-iiltv,  Wlit'tlirf  tin ',■  ■lis]ila\-fil  '',•  saiiic  lautimi 
111  liuiliiin'4  tWM  new  [ilaiits  :h\  mliii'^  "ii  snluii"  ■!  ilir  '^'iM  I'V 
wiiat  \\r  tn,i\"  trnn 'niwnar-li'ix  (uiitait'  W'lulil  Ik  iiuirli  irniv 
ilcliataMc  --uliii  r!  c'Xirpi  t"V  tlir  t'aii  thai  it  ap|.rai-s  tluA  prn- 
\l,lr.l  aiMltiniial  |ilant  t'lf  tile  puriinsi-.  l,ut  tlir  use  nt  wllH'h 
\\a>  iiiit  I'mUiuI  111  praitiic  t'lln'  :uHT--,,ai-\- ,  aiv !  1  lia\c  1  rrii  aik/iTil 
nut  I'lMill  aii\'  SI  nine  o  ■mifrtril  witli  the  Mfssr-,,  Driiiu  tl'.at  Ml'. 
All'U  has  stiMii'^lN-  iil'irctril  t<i  t  lu'  fxpi  milt  hit  of  tile  iiiuUfN'  "n 
tins  ])Vcraiitinnat'\"  nuasMfc.  tli'iui^li  (lie  xals  liaw-  bt-t-n  i.  piuTi'tnl 
to    (itluT    llsr. 

It  looks,  llicfi't'orc.  not  nirfrlv  as  it'  .Messrs.  Deiiin^  lia'.e  proxnl 
tlu'if  case  to  tlir  liilt  ,  l.ut  that  unlrnl  tills  same  s\-sti.lli  has  1  eeii 
ailopleil  in  praetieall\-  all  I  lu'  latest  .'umriean  jilants  aii'l  in  a 
nuinlier  ot  those^  in  other  teffitofies.  To  iii\-  iiiin.l  a  serious  nial- 
ter  a;..;ainst  the  new  s\-steiti  is  the  ihtlieulty  ol'  eopjier^plate  anial- 
L,'atr.ation.  In  Austr.alia.  pans  are  sueeesst'ullv  used  for  I  he  purpose, 
and  I  ha\e  no  douht  tliat  other  suitatde  nietho.ls  will  1  c 
devised  in  pli'lMv  p(jsslhl\-  I '>'  the  use  of  some  speeial  a!lo\-  tor 
amal'^aniatiiiL,'  ]ilates  now  that  the  need  of  speeial  eltort  m  this 
dire<'tion  is  kntiwn  .  hut  i  eannot  lielie\-e  that  a  iiuth.o.l  of 
ixtraetm;.,'  all  the  ,<;old  in  the  slime  at  praetieallx-  no  i'X]iense  tor 
plant  las  far  as  the  s.ilution  of  ,l,'o1i1  is  eoneerned  i  will  1  ■(  li'.,dulv 
ahaildoned  l.v  the  industrx'  il  do  not  refer  iieix-  to  South  Afri- 
ean  praet  iee  onh"  niefeh'  heeause  of  a  fault  \-  or  iiietti  eli\e  m.etliod 
of  ohtainin'.,'  imdiminarv  assa\ -\-alues.  '["he  saxiii'.^  in  I'osi  ot 
e(juipment    alone  is  a   faetor  eoinpellint;   most    serious  attention, 

111  eonelusioii.  I  am  not  prepared  to  admit  tlial  the  .Mi'ssrs. 
Deiim-  ha\-e  \et  made  iii;ide  out  their  ease  in  faxor  ot  all-sliminL;. 
If  the  words  'liiu-r  i,'niidiii,L;'  are  sulislituted  tor  "ali-siinnnL; 
there  would  lie  !,'eneral  airrei'mi'iu  with  them,  liut  personall\"  I 
am  of  ojiinion  that  it  is  still  the  most  salisfaetory  and 
i_.eon()m!e;i!  nielh'"'  in  'Jem  r.al  iir.ietiee  wit  li  exeelit  ions  topi.T- 
oolati-  in  \ats,  without  expense  for  power  or  handling,  all  th.e  sand 
suitalile  for  pereolation  iii  \a.ts.  t'he  ivmainint,'  pulp  reccivue.,'  the 


.S_'4 


Ki-A  /•.  \  /  f  V  \  \ini:  /'A'.w  /  /(  /•: 


suital.K'  trc;itiiii  II!  i|..,s-.ar\.  Apart  In.iii  tic  l,.ss  cost  ')f  thus 
cri'iitin.!,'  tin-  Imr  s.ni^l.  ur  have  as  vr[  iir,  rclialilc  data  tu  |if.i\c  that 
the  ixt  fart  Kill  (jlitaiiii'd  liniii  thr  shiiicd  satui,  as  sand,  apart  lri>iii 
sliuu-.l  lonivntfatr  ,,r  -hiiir.  i-  so  much  hf^'hrf  as  t..  instil\-  thr 
extra  (.-list  (]t'  sliiiiniL;  atid  n\  hatidhif^  the  shiiic.  Thm-  tiia\  Ik' 
ores  in  wliirli  luta!  -htiim-  i.  i.frlrrahlr,  hut  uh.Tr  thr  --.Id  is 
carried  in  the  emu  ,'nt  rate  ci-  in  euntart  witii  s,,nie  s.dtef  ny  mure 
tra,<,'il>'  material  it  i>  >urel\-  eheaper  t..  treat  the  (me  partielc-  ,,f 
sand  without  >ul.ieetin,L;  thetii  tc,  the  partialis  uiiic  env  etvd  ex- 
jieiisr  III  further  1,'rmdini,'. 

A\(lTlll.k    I'nKKl,  .,i.,i\l)|,\  |-. 

l-iinduii,    [line  i.'li. 


(.VAXIDATIoX    l.\   Till':  TKAXSXAAL 

Sir  \Vr  have  rcail  in  \'>ur  is-^uc  nl  |nnr  S  soinc  --tali  nur.ts 
niaili'  !i\'  \iiur  |i  ilianiii  slptir<4  r(irri-|i<ini!riil  in  lunniiiion  witli 
our  ini  talhir'^it-al  ninM\  at  !■  m^  nn  tli''  Rami  whuh  lia\r  mn^iilir- 
alih'  a^tonislifii  us.  an^l  W'  trusi  ilnl  as  \  i 'U  iia\r  i  ii'culaU-il 
thn»u>;h  votir  imii'nal  slauinmls  wliuli  arr  laliulaltil  In  'In  us 
sonii'  lianii  tliat  \  nu  \\ill  L;rani  n-^  tlir  u^i  nt  vmir  I'llumn^  to 
ivlialiilitatc   mirsi'hi-s   in    the  cms  .if   vmir  irailrr.-. 

\'nur  (  I  irrosjiiinilrni  lici^nis  l.\  sialmi:  'liat  "scxcral  d  the 
mines  unilor  onr  cumrn!  spi-nt  t  hnus'iniK  ..i  punii'ls  \n  install  the 
pnnvss  (it  eirrvilatitiL;  i\aniil.  sDlutinns  ail\ mati'l  hv  the  iK'tmy 
l)r<)tlH'rs,"  at  i  ImIIiiws  thi>  with  a  i|ni)tati'in  trnm  the  a'hlrrss 
of  the  t'liairtnan  nf  the  \e\\"  (eieh  Cn  mn  whieli  mine  we  nistalli'l 
one  lit  Miir  [ilants:.  ami  an  '  iliser\  atn.n  ut  his  nwii  that  the  Chair- 
man's .stateiiienl  reteri'eii  t'l  "is  rather  ilisenm  erl  iii'^  to  the  'new 
mctallnri^'v.' 

Hi'fori'  iiroceeilitiL,'  t'l  Ileal  with  the  ("haii'inan's  rentarks  on 
tlie  sulijeet  uf  our  prnecss.  wr  wmiM  like  tu  pnint  nut  that  nut 
a  sini;U'  imiinil  was  spent  li\'  iis  in  the  mstallatii  in  nl  the  prneess 
for  I'irenlatiiiL;  e\aniile  s,  ,]ut  iiitis.  We  purpiisel\  liiiilt  mir  plants 
so  that  in  the  e\ent  nf  mir  wishii^i^'  tn  t  r\  the  et'lei  t  uf  eiretilaliiv^ 
siilutii  Ills  the\-  wefi' as  reailil\- ailapteil  tur  that  as  fi ir  i mi"  i irilinary 
tft'ainii'nt  withnut  en'eiilatiiiL;  c winiile  sulutinn.  whieli  we  hail 
installeil  at  the  \'an  \i\  u  tnitie,  ami  whuh.  we  tna\-  aiM.  is  the 
system  tu  \\hieh  it  is  prii|)<ise(l  now  tu  revert  at  the  Xew  (iueh. 
It  wiiuM  have  lit'iii  fair  tu  ns.  mure  espeeialh"  as  we  are  nut 
on  the  Wit  watersraml.  tu  reph  tu  \"uur  eurrt  spuiiilent  s  eritieistn, 
if  he  liail  slateil  that  after  all,  the  unl\  purtiuti  uf  tlv  ].lant  that 
the  Chairman  of  the  Xew  (".ueh  fuum!  fault  witlt  was  th.e  svstetn  uf 
eireu1atin'4  e\  armle  sulutiun,  ami  that  the  main  jirineiples  uf 
(lur  I'lant.  i  mliuilyini;  tuke-millini;.  autumatie  slinie-tix'atir.ent . 
ailil  lilier-i  iressini'  remained  as  hii^!il\'  sneeesslill  elements  uf  th.e 
new  nietallurijx  .'  ami  eunstitutini,',  uf  euurse  as  the  teehnieal  man 
knuws,   ]iraetieally    the    whule   of   the    'new   metallurgy.' 


:iM 


Ki-i  i-yr  I  V  w  ii>h  ri<  \i  i  u  /•: 


Coniiti),'  now  to  tlu'  distiint  k;itinv  o|  our  systftn.  wliirh 
luis  Ikiii  jironouiui'il  hy  tlii'  (.'iKiiriiiati  of  tlu'  XfW  (ioih  to  have 
^iviTi  rise  to  (liiluultic's.  \vc  would  oImtvc  that  thi'  tt-st  of  tlie 
frticicmy  of  a  jihint  is  his,'h  extraction  oiuijlcd  with  low  working 
i-ost.  Xiithtr  of  thcsi'  ilaiins  are  <|U(.stioni(l  Ii\-  thi'  t'lunrtnan. 
who  eloarlv  states  that  it  is  the  inieiition  to  aliatnion  the  I'ireu- 
latinv  I  \  anide  Solution  method.  merel\-  hi'eause  of  the  unreliable 
natuH'  n\    the    sifeen-assavs.  wiiieh    hail    i,'i\en  rise   to  erroneous 

rstlllKIIes   of  the   ,i,'old   to  lie  exiieiii'd   ;it    the   ninlllhlv   elean-Up. 

Advertinj,'  first  to  the  I'lTnuiuv  i>i  ilie  ])laiit.  we  iiiav  saw 
without  any  fear  of  eoniradn  Uon.  ■  tlic  residui'  from  the  ]ilanl 

will  not  a\eraL;e  more  than  from  I'.iur  to  six  Ltf.iiiis.  when  ill  the 
form,  r  plant  tlir  aM  raL;e  was  from  is  to_>|  w]-,  Tliis  result  .  aii- 
Ilol     l.r    s;iid    to    lie     lltlsat  Isf  ael  or\- . 

i'lie  ass,  I'tinn  1,1  the  Chairman  that  the  sereeii-assavs  have 
proxcd  utinliahle  is  one  wc  .\in  neil  lit-r  idiitradn  t  nor  c'ontirm. 
in  ..ur  roinplrle  ].a])er.  read  lieforc  tlir  Soutli  Afrnati  Ass.K-itition 
oi  l-lm^uieers,  m  Jniir,  HioCi,  wv  admiiird  I  he  dutimliies  inher.  nt 
in  the  prailue  oi  s.  mn- -amphn;^,  wlu^n  liir  s'linplc  Uself  is  sul.- 
jeited  to  the  sohellt  ctTriis  of  Weak  e\amdc  solution:  liUt 
We  alsii  |ioinird  out  \er\  rmphaticall\'  that  the  oi-dinarv  sN'steill 
ot  s,  reei!-s-,niplm,L;.  and  espreiallx  the  usual  metlio.l  ,-mplo\-i'd 
on  thr  Rand,  w^re  opt  n  to  e\,ii  L,'ra\Tr  rliari^'cs  of  conlaminalioii, 
which    I  harms   \\,rc   ii,,i    i-rPuncd    m    tj;,.   iiismn'^;    disi  iis^i,  ,11, 

As  a  matter  ot  !aet  .  wr  miijlil  mention  that  the  sirecil-assa\- 
a!  the  Xew  Cioi  !i  during;  se\eral  \cars  of  our  experieiiic  was  as 
unrehaMr  as  11  eouM  possil,l\-  1,,^  and  wr  allrihuted  it  then. 
and  i)o\\-,  to  ihc  faet  that  the  ore  of  the  mine  e  Jiitaiiis  unusualh' 
eoaiM'  partu-les  of  frer  L;ild.  and  therefore  we  do  not  heheve 
that  the  ahandonnunl  of  the  eireul.-il  m.i;  solution  wUl  ,,\-,-rromc 
the  dilficuli\-.  whiie  We  are  rertam  that  tlir  workin,^,'  .-osts  will  l^ 
hiudier  and  the  exlraelions  louciv  We  make  the  last  statement 
<|uite  advis,-dl\-.  Pce.-mse  we  ran  the  |.laiit  al  the  Mevi^r  \-  t'harl- 
ton  mine  la  j.laiit  tlir  I'Xaet  eoimterpart  of  tlie  \'e\v  Cnn  li  j.lanti. 
first  without  e\anide  solution,  and  wirt-fuil\  iioteil  ihe  restihs, 
and  sul;se(|ueiit]\-  with  exauiile  s(;lution  in  eireulation.  thus  L^ettiiiL; 
tut'ial  workitiL,'  ti'.^'ures  for  comparison.  The  important  ditfer- 
eiiees    are    ,i;i\-en    m    our    paiier    prrx'iouslv    referre(l    to 

\\  luit  IS  the  more  inexjilu  .d)le  iiart  of  this  ehan,t;e-o\-er  on 
the   Xew    (io.ii  mine,  is  tluil   with  :m  exactly  similar  phmt   at   the 


I  )\\iii  \  I  n>\  i\   I  III'   IK  \  \'-\-  1  I/. 


.{•j: 


Mi\ir  iV  I'lKirllun,  txtraonlmai  \  >iu  .  >  >-.  li.i>  inii  .U  l.iiiuil , 
wliiih  is  attested  hy  tlic  fact  that  tin-  Tiiana;,'ir  of  tlu'  niinr.  wlun 
showing  tlu-  muiiilicrs  uf  a  siit-ntifii'  soiioty  umt  tlic  iilaiii  at 
the  i'n<l  of  last  \i;tr.  sialcil  that  thr  extraction  tip  to  that  date, 
nearly  a  year  after  the  |il;mt  had  started  runninj,'.  was  it.'',.  We 
ma\'  mi'iition  that  with  tlie  former  plant .  our  extractions  a  vera(,'eil 
lielween  Mt  and  S.'.'  ,  (inh.  >o  that  ilie  new  plant,  accnrdint'  to 
the  offii-ial  stateiiu'ni  nl  the  in.itiaijcr.  is  responsible  tnr  hi', 
higher  I'XtraetJon,  at  .m  iiu  ii  mm  d  working;  cost  of  one  .sjiillmt.; 
per  ton;  the  net  result  iH-m;^  ti'oni  I  to  ."s.  ]ier  ton  ]>rotii  in  lavnr 
of  the  n(.'W  pi. int.  Our  estimate  rm  which  the  jilant  wa-.  I.uilt 
wa'-  a   nit    iniprost'iiu  nt    n|     I-.,    prr  ton   m   the  ])rotits. 

It  i>  interi'stinL;  to  (,l,s.  i-\c  that  the  (.'hairm.an  of  the  Xew 
(ioch,  who  is  alsii  Cli.iiiiii.iti  "I  the  Me\ei-  \-  Charlton.  Ntatcd  m 
his  annual  address  iii  I!iii7.  w  he!i  dealin.!.;  with  the  operations  for 
till'  jiast  \eaf.  that  "thr  laiLjir  protlls  roultini;  itroni  the  \car's 
workdia\r  more  th.ni  lUstitii.l  the  ixpriii  in  uir  uriuriiii  in  the 
additions  to.  and  Mllplo\  rtlU  tit  'i|.  the  Jihuit  "  He  tufthrf  >t.itrd 
that  "the  toiiip,in\  had  iifoilurrd  iiinrc  ;^i]ld  and  lanu  d  a  l.iii'.cr 
pfolit  tliaii  if.  anv  prc\iou->  M-ar."  the  aiitial  (i'.;iiri  ^  l.ntiL;  \Mth 
the  old  plant  U'V  MKI.",  a  ^jross  piotit  m|  /  !i'.i  7s|.  ati(|  with  the  iii-w 
for  the  year  I'.KHi  a  ijross  ]irij|it  oi  ;_  1  :i(),!Mi7.  i  rr  .m  iiu  rca>r  of 
o\cr  'Ml  |icf  cent. 

The  ijucslion  now  arise-,  win.  with  the  Me\ cf  iV  Charlton 
plant.  s;uh  ni;e_;ni!ieent  results  Ii,i\e  lieeii  secured,  .md  \'.  h\  at 
till'  .\ev.  (ioch  tlle\  have  ! 'eeil  sci  i  Iisappoiiit  iiiL;  as  to  v^ui.-  rise 
to  the  cnlii'isnis  ami  dainniiiL,'  staleim-iit  ■,  nl    \iiur  eon-es]ji  mdi'iit . 

We  ari'  in  i)osili(m  to  sa\'  tli.at  'hinte^'  the  tmie  wt  were 
in  eipntf"!  "I  the  plants,  we  made  cinplete  clean-ups  nt'  the  ticw 
Meei  f  \-  Charllon  plant,  tir-t.  t"  satisl'\  Mursehis  that  the  i;o|d 
called  tnr.  as  intwi'en  t!ie  sereeii  assax'saiid  the  residuc-assav's. 
was  111  the  plant,  and  suhseipient  h.  at  the  instance  i  if  the  Chair- 
man ot  tile  coinpain'.  on  ninn-  than  one  oecasi.ni.  to  satis!\"  his 
douht  on  the  mattei'.  The  cle,ail-U|>  was  m  each  case  a  com- 
plete \-iiiilic:itii  m  i  .f  ( mr  met  hods,  as  we  h.-id  in  each  case  .a  jilus 
extracti'iii.  In  the  face  uf  these  I'esults.  and  of  tie  actual  I'cc.iril 
of  tlu'  .MeN'cr  \-  Charlton  with  its  niw  plant,  for  I'.Mtti.  we  think 
that  \  nu  n  ust  at,'ree  that  \-oui'  correspondent's  strictures.  ;ind 
his  coiieluihti'^''  ohscr\"ation  that  "it  is  tortunate  tor  the  rest  of 
the    R.iiid     that     conser\',iti\  ('     counsels     pre\'.iilcd.   ami     that     the 


32S 


/v7-.(  i\  I  I  )\\ii>i   ri<  \i  i  h  /•; 


mint's  of  iitluT  >;ri.uii>  dul  iMt  take  ii])  tlic  iiutallikruiis  --i  li<  ii  .  ,  -.. 
I)orsistently  iironuilKatcd  |p\  the  Mi'ssrs.  Denny."  an-  unfair.  It  is 
ratlicr  iinfurtunati'  for  \-our  lorri'spomlcnt  that  this  final  stalciiu'nt 
vlioiiM    in  an\'  case,  so  inaiiuratfly  rc'])rfstnt  t ho  actual  situation. 

W V  Wen-  solely  rfsjMmsihli' for  the  inlnxhuiion  of  tulie-niijls, 
anil  tile  leailin),'.  if  not  the  only,  aiivoeates  for  fine-Krimlini;.  anil 
s.eoni!ar\'  anial),'aniation.  t)ur  jirincijdes  have  t  ei  n  aeeepteil 
ami  a  plant  to  earry  them  out  has  hecn  installeil  on  i  \ery  up-to- 
flate  mine  on  the  tielils.  We  are  a),'ain  solely  responsihli'  for 
l.'ie  introiluetion  of  tilter-presses  to  the  Rand.  Slowly.  l>ut  surely, 
1hesc  applianees  are  lieinvr  installecl.  ami  no  less  than  live  liij; 
mines  are  at  the  moment  i)Utt.n),'  thcin  in  We  are  solely  n>pon- 
sihle  for  the  introdnetion  to  the  kand  mI  a  new  form  of  mortar- 
liox.  in  which  llu'  water  fee<i  is  dejivt'red  tliriiUL'li  tlu-  lark  of  the 
box.  at  alujut  the  level  of  the  die.  We  learn  from  the  eonsultinj; 
metallur),'ist  to  the  leadini:  Jinmp  on  the  field,  that  the  same 
intth'id  li.is  l"fn  .eln]iti  d  h\    thitn   with  tiie  i;reatt'St  sui'cess. 

In  eonelusion.  wi-  wmild  s.i\'  tiial  when  the  wh.ole  cause  of 
•lissatisfaetion  with  our  ]il,int  is  lioiled  ilown  it  merely  n'fiTs  to 
the  tart  that  nn  a  p.iriirul.ir  nunc,  disappoiiitnients  in  the  >;olil 
yiidd  have  lui-n  cxpcrirm  id.  whirh  on  that  particular  mine  is 
no  ni-w  thini;.  W'v  assert  wiilmut  aiiv  ti  •  uf  i-ontradietion, 
that  I  hr  ci!il\  'iihir  iiiiiu  nn  wliu  li  wi  tn^tal  1  a  plant,  where 
the  dKNapiKiini  nil  111^  uidn  atrd  h.ive  luvir  rxisted.  a  conijilrte 
clean-uji  ot  the  plan!  li.i--  aUv.iv  •-  ^hown  r.ithir  more  .!,'"'1'1  than 
the  .screen-assay  i.illrd  lur,  Tlir  rcvir^l.i.  tn  the  so-called  de- 
e;int;itinn  sv>;teTn.  .ilinit  \\!iu  h  llir  Cliainiian  uf  th''  \'ew  Cunii 
and  viiur  innv  .pundrnt  li.ivr  hulh  iii;idc  --i  >  imu  h .  di»-.  :;.it  iii- 
vahdate  line  siiil;1i  prim  ipir  ul  mir  Mhenie.  mr  i  au--i  the  slij^ht- 
e>t  allcr.ili'  ill  ti  I  (Uir  jilaiil  ■-.  Ill  her  1  hall  the  sulislilutioii  uf  water  for 
Weak  rvaiiidr  Mihitiiiii,  and  ,i  dam  tur  reeriviiiL;  thr  shiiU'  and 
>"Uui(iii  iMini  iiur  vpiiMll\  drsi'.^'md  shine  plant  ^.  which  latter, 
as   a   iiiatti-v  uf  fait,   uc   pnividcd     licfuvc  the    plant     was  starti'd. 

'I'lie  wliiilc  uf  the  details  uf  this  scliclllc  wc  wuvkcd  uul  .  and 
succcsstullv  pr;i(  liscd  .at  llic\';in  Rvn  iiinn',  with  ;m  cfniipnicnt 
uf  Hid  stamps.  We  are  surrv  tliat  an  cx]ilanaliuii  ut'  the  I  rue 
pusitiuii  m  cuniiectiun  with  uur  plan!  has  neiessilatcd  ^u  nnu  h 
space,  hiK  We  lielieVf  it  to  he  due  tu  nur  friends  and  uui'sclvcs 
lo  state  liie  ]iusuii)n  lullv  and  lii^ariy.        i)i.\\v    i-ikiw  . 

Luiidnn,  June   27.  I'cr  (1,    .\     je-wv. 


'I'Lin-;  MIIJ.S  AT  C.L  AXAjlATo 

(AuKuit  17.   HKl"! 

The  Kilitor: 

Sir — As  to  nur  r\|nTictu-i'  witli  mui-  tul]^^:  Appari'titK  ii 
has  liifii  in;irkrill\  .htlcnnt  fmm  ilmt  of  a  j;(K)(1  T-.ian\-  pinplf. 
and  ur  ivall\'  do  not  umhTsiaiiil  tlic  na-^un  wliv.  as  \\v  h  »\f 
had  nu  dirtiiulty  whatsmn-jT.  asid<  ivnm  iduiinr  rfjilart'iiu'nts  in 
the  fiifht  or  nine  mnntlis  \vc  hnw  l.cni  running;  thnn.  Tlu-se 
mills,  a<  \(ni  knnw,  an-  llu-  AMm'  inilN.  t  ft    ti  in    \>\  I'd  ti  .  and  are 


haiidhiii;  almut   Ml  tun^ 
A  scrt'ei)   t(    ■   tiiadi' 


!   I'lilp  pi'V  'law 
III   pulp  '^oiii',,'  \i 


tlU'    till 


KfiiiaiiUMiJ 


M, 


■  ill 
I  li  I 

S(i 

■    Kill 

IJII 

Pa^^uij  IJII 

Mi>l-,turr  tiO  pii-  (  lilt 

TIk'   sirtrii    tr>t    nil    disi  hari,'i-pulp 

M,,li 

Ki'tn.iiiiti^  .  Ill       III 

.'ill 

I  ill 

Ml 

■■    inn 

■•    IJii 

I'a'~Mnij  r.'ii 


^liiiws: 

I',  r  I  I  nt 

I  I  J 

I  I  -• 

s  ;• 

in  n 

In  :{ 

jn  I 

'.t  7 


iT  I  I'ln 
II  .'i 
1    7 

J ,  n 

r>  n 

in  .' 

Ji   s 

.')|   J 


Mrclianicall\'  tlir  mill-,  hu\v  'j,\\vn  us  no  ti-nuMc  sinci'  their 
installatiun,  with  thv  t.'xrepticin  that  thu  tirst  piniun  shipped  ..ith 
the  mills  was  shrouded  and  the  distanee  between  the  shrouds  was 
not  suftieient  to  allow  tor  an\'  end  motion  whatsoe\er  of  the  mill 
as  a  whole,  and  the  >,'ear  ultimately  rode  the  shroud  of  the  jiinion. 
sniashin.i,'  hoth  the  ijear  and  the  pinion,  Imt  doin^'  no  further 
da!na,i,'e:  sinee  re'datint,'  with  a  pinion  wider  hetweeii  tlie  shrouiis, 
nn  ditfii  ultv  whate\er  has  been  liaii. 

To  limit  the  eii<l  motion  upon  this  t\pe  of  mill,  two  i,'uide- 
rollers  with  \ertual  a.xis  hear  upon  the  sides  of  the  suiipcirtinij 
tire  next  the  j,'ear  end,  and  a  j,'"')'!  <ieal  of  trouble  has  been  had 
by  earlier  users  uf  the  null,  we  understand,  on  aeeount  of  the  .en- 


3:«) 


i^r.cr.xr  <  v  wini-  i'i<  urn  i: 


lirllcx'  I't'  tile  !llill  t'l  run  riii'.wi^c,  liritiL;  ''U  scxrlT  t'lal  tlu'^r  uili'li-'- 
rulli'fs  Wen'  (niii  kl\  wi'Vii  mit:  the  AMi''  ('ninpain'  sui;i,'rsl<'l  In  us, 
hfturc  iiui"  tir^l  null  u:i>  installril.  tliat  it  was  jKissiKlr  to  rant  the 
friitinn-ri  ilUrs  upnn  whirh  tin-  tire  niuw-s  ianil  \\lii,'h  mn^litutc 
ttic  siippcirt  (if  the  iiulli  in  s\irli  a  \va\  as  tu  rausr  tlir  niaui  tuln- 
ti)  i;')  in  ritluT  (lirn  linn  iMn^ituilitiallw  ami  that  li\  ilcjiratc 
a'liu^lnicnt  (if  ^hi^  cantiiiL;.  it  .>li(ml(l  l-r  jossililc  to  i((nlnu'  tiic  mill 
fiitUvh'  tn  (inc  iKi'-ition  \>,itli((Ut  its  hearing;  undulv  hard  ( m  lithcr 
uf  the  •_;ui(lc  i-(illcrs.  W'r  cxi irrinu-ii tid  with  tlii>  aiM  within 
the  tirst  (la\"  (ir  two  alter  thr  null  wa'^  started  we  fdinid  it  ]in-silik' 
h\"  th.is  adiu>tnirnt  to  eausc  the  main  tuhf  to  'llnat'  tntn'(']\  free 
im  its  --u|(|i(  lining;  I'olKi'-^  withnut  tcucliini;  eillur  dt  ti^c  -m'ir- 
rdllns  at  all.  and  the  mill  ran  for  three  months  at  one  ti'ti"  witlioiu 
tdiiehiir,;  i  iliier  miide-rdller,  and  ncaralK  it  hardl\-  iduelie:  tlieni 
cinee  a  da\ 

'Idle  silex  liiiin;^  of  the  milU  ha>  L;i'."ei)   l; 1  sati^faet id;i ,  the 

tirvt  liniiie  runnini;  ei'^ht  nidUth-  hetcre  it  ha(l  Id  In-  rejilaeed, 
tlldUL^h  at  the  end  '  i|  ahout  --ix  molltlis.  three  or  four  (lefeeli\"e 
l(ld(k>   were  re]'!aee(l,   with   a   two  da\s'  ^hut-dd\.n, 

A  L^reat  deal  (ieiien(K  apiiai'enth"  ujidU  the  truth  d'  the  ^up- 
pdrtini;  'ire--  and  the  lidmdi;en(  it\-  of  the  material  edinpc^ini;  it, 
lieeau^e  it  in  these  tire--  the  sli',4h'est  ii'rcLjulan!  i;  dciu'-..  either 
as  an  ori'jinal  (leleet  or  as  the  result  cf  dperatioii,  liumpiiiL;  would 
rapi(il\-  ensue,  which  wnuld  eaU'^e  the  (le>truetidn  df  the  mill  and 
jierhap--  it-  fdiui'lal  ions.  Sd  true  i~-  this  that  w'(.  fdun(|  on  >tartini,' 
the  lirst  mill,  that  a  tilm  df  '  ,,,  of  an  iueli  of  ^and,  whieh  had  aeeu- 
nuilated  on  eertain  lilv  sp(.ls  (;ii  tlie  tire,  eauM'd  \iolent  Ijunipini,', 
until  t';e  mill  w.as  ^lopped  and  the  rim;  tire  earefulK"  ehaned  otf. 
We  keep  the^e  tires  at  all  timo  larefulK'  eleaned  and  a  little  oil 
is  pn;  on  the  surlaee  ot  the  tire  otiee  or  twiee  a  'la\  .  .'-inee  the 
tiro  were  tirst  eleane(l,  there  has  not  been  the  fainte-t  Imni]! 
or  \ihration  e\i(leiu  aliotit  either  mill,  the  mills  runniiiL;  a--  (piietlv 
and  sm(i((thl\  as  po^silile.  The  mills  are  kept  tille(l  vli.'ht'v  ahoxc 
lelltre  with  pelililes.  the  peM  de  wear  lieim;  approximatelv  J  111. 
per  toti  ol  ore  ireated.  '-Hex  liniiiLis  wear  ci',.;lit  months;  jiower  to 
start  the  mill.aliout  (ill  h  p  .  wliii  li  immediateh- drop--  to  1.'!  h.]). 
as  soon  as  at  riinniipi,;  spee(l. 

Trustim;  that  the  alnive  data  may  lie  of  interest  to  ^dUie  of 
'■(iiir  read(  in, 

I  iuanaiua".  i.  Mexii d.   Iul\    1  I. 


C,  \V.  \-.\\   L.uv. 


i().wi:\i.\(i  r.MLixc.  i.\  LAU.\i)i-:RS 

'Scilinilir      II.    I'.mjT 

Thr  i:.lit.,r: 

Sir  1  li.'ixc  rca'l  witli  imiih  intrrr<t  tlir  ilc  ^cripliDii  appcar- 
in.'.4  ill  vo'.ir  i-.>uc  "I  |uiu  '_VI.  cm  i  niu  t\  iiiv,'  lailiiiu  in  la'^t-irnn  pipe 
al  ( luatiaiuatii.  aK<i  the  furllin-  ^taunimts  cm  'A'.v  --anu'  -^uliji'i't 
In  Miv  \'aii  Law  in  llu  i  sue  (jf  |uiv  '_'(•,  Ila\in;j  in  the  la^t  two 
\  rai's  niaiK'  alniul  7.11(10  r\iici'iini-nt->  nn  tlic  larrxinL;  capacity 
III  launi!' ''s.  tln'  sulijcrt  is  nt  inursr  inlri'cstin.i,'  tu  nu-  in  niv 
t'X]i('nnirnl-.  i>n  tailin;4s  wliiili  wrrc  rKati  \'\\rr  quart/  ami  ipiartzitr 
t  ]iriilialit','  muih  inurr  ai),L,'nlar  and  sliarp  tliaii  tin-  tnati'vial 
at  I  luananiati  I  i  I  tiiiil  t';at  i  m  a  i;railr  nf  1."',  in  a  rirtani^ular 
launilrr  iin  niatcrial  i  it  the  tnn'ni.'ss  nuiitinnnl  in  '^nur  artii  Ir  unr 
pi  uniil  111'  wall  r  will  iinl\-  i  arr\-  ■  i!T  (l.d'J'J  11 1.  i|uart/. .  \\hrn  I  lie  launilcr 
has  the  innst  rn  n-'  iiniia!  \''i.ltli  I'nr  tlir  quantit\-  nf  mati-rial  rarrii'il, 

M\-  cxprrinirnts  alsn  slmw  thai  with  tin-  iiinst  rn  inuniiral 
wi  Itli  lit'  launilf-,  tlir  sanu'  niati-rial  with  water  m  the  pri  ipurtinn 
111'  ~\  tu  I  wunlil  rc(|uin'  a  1,'raili'  i  if  nearlx  ■".',.  Onlv^  I'li  al'^nhite 
slime  iliil  1  iilitain  lu-lter  results  :n  a  \'-sliapeii  lauiiiler  than  in  a 
ri'rtan.milar  une.  M\"  expi-rinient^  were  eheekeil.  snnie  twiee 
ami  SI  line  three  times. 

\\"h\-  mv  ri'snlts  are  su  inueli  luwer  than  tlmse  nieiiti- meil. 
I  wiiuM  '\kv  111  tiseertain  1  knuw  Mr.  \"an  Law  persniiallv"  ami 
kimw  the  lieiires  lu'  h.as  u;nen  i  an  lie  mitliini;  lull  enrreet.  and  tlu' 
ilil'lerenee  must  lie  wholh"  in  the  nature  nt  llie  Iwu  material.^  han- 
ilK'ii    (this  rel'ers  tu  the  issue  nf  June  J'.li. 

With  enur  |iernii-;sinn ,  and  liei,".^inL;  the  pardnn  nf  ni\"  lirnther 
em.^ineers.  i  ean  pnsiti\i'l\-  stale  that  the  "wetti-'d  pei'itiieler"  has 
iinthiii;^  whatsne\er  tn  dn  with  the  earrxini,'"  eapaeit\'  las  far  as 
snli  Is  i;n  I  nf  a  launder  I'lrsniialh',  I  was  I'nrnierh-  umler  the 
inipre^sj,,ii  that  it  had.  hut  ni\  e\]ierinients  ha\e  1 1  inelu.sividv 
]irn\-eil  that  we  lia\'e  all  been  wrninj;  in  this  assuiiiptinn.  l"nr 
exaiii|ile,  a  1  in.  laumler  usin^  2"  lie  water  ]ier  tiiin.  will  earr\' 
exaeth"  iinedialf  nf  the  lailiii'-;  i>\  a  '_'-in.  launder  UMiiir  •"()  lli,  water, 
and  nnetenth  nf  a  HI  in,  launder  umul;  J"(I  Hi.  water  per  iiiin., 
all.  nf  enur--e,  (in  tin-  --anie  i.;rade,  that  is,  the  earr\  ini;  eajiaeitv' 
in  sand,  etc  ,  is  prnpnrtiniial  tn  the  width  This  1  ean  ]irn\"e 
li\'  tiiiures  Irnni  almut    "110  aetual  experinieilts.       In  the  next  slate- 


:i:ij 


Kl-A  h.xr  I  ).\.\ll>l-:  I'KMilci: 


incnl  I  shall  pmliaKU   \s,v\  in\  self  iiitn  trmililr,  \<\\\  Mr,  \'aii  Law's 
I'xpcririuc    will    licar   inr   out. 

UiiiK-r  llir  I'l'^lU  I '  iiuluii  .IIS.  mali'iial  ran  he  t  rails]Mint'(l  in 
a  lii|n'.  ' 'n  a  tjrailc.  \m'  rmilil  nut  possihh'  trar.spcji'I  it  in  an  (ipcn 
laumKr.  lint  tlir  initial  i^raiK'  sIkhiM  lie  j^rcatcr  than  tiu-  1,'raiii-' 
at  till'  1 -nil  '  the  siiontr  til  iU'\  (.'Id]}  press  urn  whirh  in  an  i(]>i'!i  latnuli'r 
wmijil  l.i-  !ia<l  pravtiit'.  Hut.  as  a  rulf,  we  can  unlv  utilize  a  jiipe 
(in  \er\-  line  material,  aiiil  when  har.illini,'  i'(imparati\el\  larije 
(luanlities.  Tn  make  nuself  ilear.  it  wi'  attempt  tn  transpurl 
in  a  pipe  ^  in  material  at  the  rate  of  10  Ih.  per  mill,  mi  a  certain 
i;ra'i".  with  the  least  iiuaniin  nt'  water,  the  tlieuretieal  size  ut  jiipe 
reijuireil  wnuld  he  so  small  that  in  a  short  time  the  jiipe  wniiM  elnt,'. 
hut  to  transport  |(i(l-me>h  niateri.il  throui,'li  the  sanu'  pipe  W(ju1i1 
he  eas\-.  1  know  lull  well  that  pipes  used  in  mills  in  ])laee  of  launders, 
often  i;i\i'  nnieh  tr,  luhle  and  it  is  not  m\"  ]iurpose  to  reei  mi  mend  pipe 
ill  ])laee  of  launders,  except  for  carr\  int,'  otf  L;reat  ijuanlities  of 
com]iara' i\  el\'  hue  tailim,'.  'riure  is  riiort'  to  Mr.  \"an  Law's 
expro-ion.  which  I  will  quote,  than  most  of  us  i])roIiaM\'  even  him- 
self incluiledi  Would  think  "As  sooti  as  rirties  of  sand  are  formed 
so  as  to  cause  an  olistruetion  in  the  flow  .  the  pipe  develops  ludro- 
.static  head  alio\e  the  point  of  olistruetion  sullicieiit  to  force  the 
sand  tlli'ouv;h  "  That  is.  if  the  pipe  is  too  lari,'e  to  t;i\e  the  \'el(n.it\- 
of  water  that  will  keeji  the  material  in  sus])ension  lor  carr\"  it 
on  the  yracK'  ust'd '  ;!ien  nature  itself.  li\'  the  lillim;  in  ot  sand, 
reduces  tlu'  size  of  the  Jiipe  down  to  llie  point  where  tln'  x'cloeitx 
will  lie  !ii;4li  eiioui.;li  to  (  arr\-  the  material  off.  depositin;,'  it  ahe.ail 
aj,'ain  where  viloi  it\'  is  slower,  until  this  jioint  in  turn  reaches  the 
earrviiiL;  staije  and  so  on.  This  action  also  shows  to  some  extent 
in  a  launder,  hut  the  etfect  is  not  tlU'  same  as  in  a  pipe,  hecausi,' 
the  launder  can  ki'e]i  on  tillini;  up  and  water  still  Hows  on  top. 
without  increasini,'  its  \elocii\  at  that  point.  The  carrvinj.;  of 
tailing'  in  a  pijie  and  in  a  lauiKJer  are  two  eiitirel\'  dilTcrent  prohlenis. 
and  do  not  at  all  follow  the  same  laws.  In  tlii'  pijie  we  dejiend 
mostlc  on  the  head  developed,  liut  in  the  launder  on  the  rollinif 
and  sliding;  ai'tion  down  an  inclined  plane,  except  in  the  case  of 
exceedin^'h'  tine  material,  where  the  hvdraulic  condition  or  wi'tled 
ptrimeter  approximati's  the  ri},'ht  projiortion  of  a  launder.  I  liojie 
in  another  wnv  to  hnisli  ni\'  in\estii,'atior  in  ret^'ard  to  the  prohlem 
of  launder  lapacitx-  and  to  present  it  in  much  Letter  form  than  these 
raniLlini;'-, 

Salt  Lake  C  itv,  Auijust  '■'>' 


Ct.    A,   C)\  KUSTKOM 


('()XVKVIX(;    TAIL!\(;   IX   LAUXDERS 

,1  li  i..i.ir    1-',    imiT) 

Tlu'  Keillor: 

Sir  Tlir  lourtrnus  (|iur\'  U>\-  mnvv  lij,'lu  iti  \(iiir  i^sur  of 
Septfinhrr  14.  atvl  si,i;nr.l  li\  Mr,  ('■.  A.  ()\ crslrutii,  (Irsi'rvt-s  full 
(lata  in  answer. 

Tlu'  ((jmlilinns  arv  not  c|uito  as  Mr.  ( JNcrstroni  lakr^  tlu-in. 
'Thv  off  t-ruslu'd  is  an  cxcL-rdinj,'  har<l  tciu,L;h  quartz,  \silli  \cr\-  small 
admixture  of  ralcite.  ami  no  otluT  iianijuc;  it  is  tlurch.jre  very  sha"-]) 
anil  1,'ranular.  The  i-oarser  jiortion  of  llu'  ]iulp  which  results 
from  l)atter\'  erushin:^  throu,i,'h  2(1  mesh  2.s  wire  steel  screens  is 
tuhe-milleil,  ami  the  resultini;  sereen-lest  after  tulie-millinj,' 
is  as   follows: 

IHI.I'  WIIHX   USIXC.  TIHK-MILI.S 
Nh^li.                                                                                                     Per  CeiU 
KrinaiiiiiiL'  "11      111    '^    1 

■  .Vl 4    4 

••      (id -    >< 

••     80 4    1 

■■  100 4.:{ 

•■   i;>o 10  0 

•  1:^0 :i  1 

I'assiil}.;  1  ."iO    'iN  ^ 

Tlie  line  has  for  several  weeks  at  a  time,  however,  heen  run 
without  the  tube-mills  runnin.s,'.  therefore  takini,'  the  straij^ht 
batterv  produet,  sereen  test  of  whieh  is  as  follows; 

STRAIC.HT   HATT1:RV    PlLl' 
Mesh.  Percent 

Keiiiaininj;  on       10 •'    1 

■  :>n a   2 

■■     (io •">  :; 

■•      NO 'i    ~ 

■■    100 ^   •' 

■■    120 11    N 

■'     laO I  ." 

Passini;                  laO alt.  7 

The  normal  pmixirtion  of  water  that  tliese  ])ulps  contain 
in  the  ])ipe-line  is  about  ii\e  to  one  b>-  weij,'ht,  and  while  tr.vw 
is  no  doubt  that  the  Indrostatic  head  formed  behind  ritlles  of  sand 
in  the  pipe  when  sueh  oeeur  ^m-  ,itl\'  assists  in  jireventini;  the  eom- 
]>lete   eloLji^mi;   of   the   iiipe,   this   aetion    has   onlv    occurred    a    few 


.'{:!  I 


Kl-A  I:  XT  i  WWIDI:    l'/<  \(   I  It  /•; 


limes  in  ihr  ci;^!!!!'!!!  iiMtilh-.  liial  the  ]'\\>r  has  lii-rii  runniii'.;.  an. I 
n"nnall\-  has  nu  inllm-ni  r  wlialsMcxiT.  L'nilrr  nurnial  iMnililMns, 
I'liiliva'  iii'^'  all  liut  a  lew  li'unv  >inrr  the  hnr  was  nistalK-.l,  thrn- 
aro  IK]  viiilcs  w  hals,ir\  IT  in  the  line  aii'l  the  upprr  llivi'c-(|uartrrs 
111  thr  ]:\]iv  is  rntirrl\-  clear,  the  pulp  lli.win'^  m  a  siikimiIi  rapid 
stream  withdiit  ripples  or  'hstmiiaiiee  in  the  IdWer  iniartei'  of  the 
pipe.  preeisel\-  as  m  an  open  laumler.  I  ma\-  sa\-  that  since 
a^MiiiL;  the  seeoii.l  NO  stamps,  the  line  whieh  now  carries  piilji 
Irom    Kill  stamps  i,  riinniii;^  sh-hl  l\-  less  than  half  full. 

Mr.  (  )\erstrom's  ili!lienlt\'  in  reeoiieilin:.;  tiie  performaiU'e 
uitli  manv  detailed  e.xpennients  is  shared  l,\-  manw  Dm-im;  the 
time  oi  nistallatioii  of  the  line  the  "ilper  of  expert  opinion.s 
passed  upon  wiu'ther  it  woiihl  run  or  imi  and  hased  upon  experi- 
eiu-es  with  laundi'r.s,  \\-a.s  \-er\-  lar-e  and  \\;tli  one  solitar\'  exeep- 
tiiin,  tlatl\  unfa\oral.le.  We  had.  how,  \er  dem.  mst  rated  i^xperi- 
nientall'.-  that  pul].  much  thii  k.  r  than  that  now  hein'^  handled 
and  soinewhat  e,.arser,  wouM  rim  freel\^  in  an  ideiuieal  pipedme 
:inil  tl  lon'^  .m  a  21',  i;rade  ruimiiiL;  so  freel\-.  in  faet.  lliat  \\e 
lelt  instilled  m  -oin-  to  a  L'l',  erade  to  heller  lit  the  eontour  of 
the    loimtrw 

The  limitations  of  th>'  line  seem  eh'arl\-  marked.  With  the 
tul.e-mill  .  running;,  no  telldenev  lo  elo.^  has  e\<r  heen  .HseoVe'-ed. 
With  the  tul.e-mills  oi.it  and  on  straiirht  hatterx"  pulp  if  the  water 
is  rediiecd  to  less  I '.ill  li  \  e  to  one.  ri  tiles  of  sand  eommi-nee  to  h,rm 
at  a  point  ahout  "110  ft.  frotn  the  uj.per  eii.l  of  tlie  line.  ,u;i\in,- 
notiee  there  li\-  a  whistlitiL,'  tioise.  ,lue  to  the  air  disturhanee  in 
the  pipe,  whieh  i-sues  through  a  Mowdiole  plaeed  at  thai  point. 
The  restoration  (jf  the  proper  dilution  at  the  thiekenin.i,'  eone 
at  '  illee  eorreets  t  he  fault. 

The  I'eoiiomir  importailee  of  l,eiim  aide  to  transfer  tailiiiL; 
o\'er  L;reat  distance  at  sueh  small  :_:rades  and  al  praetiealK"  no 
cost  Ms  exideneed  iti  our  expense  of  |';{..",7  as  the  total  eharyes 
a-ainst  the  earrxiti-  of  1(111.0(1(1  totisot,,re  a  mile  it!  distaneio  is 
eoiisi  lc|-aMe.  henee  the  intrusion  upoti  \  our  space  with  the  fore- 
:-;oinL;  detail. 

'Idle  wi'ar  upon  the  line  to  dale  is  not  iiieasuraMe  after  ei,L,diteen 
months'  ser\iee. 

('.  W.  \',\\    i,.\w. 
Ciuanaiuato.  Septemlier  L's, 


1X1)1 


AKsiirption  of  Mftals _l  1 

Ainali,Minaliiin    I>1    "I. 

s:i.  HH,  1  IJ.  .'Ill 

An-ni-.  AIIhti  I'' 

Arfiii-   C.  A  l:i-' 

A---a\'  "I'  I'v.miiU'  S.  ■lutiMii  U,  .'.O, 

•Jill.  J.M,  jr,; 

Hink-,  r:.  i;  -'•"'■* 

Harrv.  11,  I'  ii7,  .':is 

Heilt.v.  C.  T  '■' 

Hlai-iiU-11  A;'iiaratii-~  -' 

H..S-.  M.  1'  :■.!_.  l''l 

Hi.~i  MI,  I'ran.  i~  1.   -''i.  -l-' 

:;'.i  .".I   ^:(,  \:w.  \7J.  1^1,  :iii-' 
Hra.lKv    \V.,1'.  r  \V  Jn: 

Hnn.Il.l'        ...  l'^'' 

Hr.  iVMi    R.  C.ilnian !•-',  !•>.  I-"'T 

Hrvan    MilN 1  I/. 

Hiill.Kk.  1..  \.  H  _';!!,  jr,.-. 

Hurt.  i;.luiii  117.  -':il 

H1UI1.TS,  (liarli---  ■"'■">,  ^-'.  -'"1 

Butter-  l-iltrr I  1,.   17-- 

I  s.-),  J 1  ;f,  J 1  \,  JJT,  J;i.'),  J  1 1 .  l2(i!i.  :i  I  £ 

Caotaui.  ( '■    ' '" 

Cas-.I.  H.  K     1" 

ChandUT.  1:.  I)  "'I 

Chia.kv.  AllVrr!  1-' 

ChiU'an  M1IU  ■'•7 

Chlorinath  11  '•>■' 

Clark.',   k-!HTi  -1'' 

Cl.-an-n,,  SK.Jlll 

Coarse  C.'M  ^t 

Coinliiualn'ii  Mill  ■'' '.  ''-    !•"_' 

Concent  rate.  ('\  annlati.  .n  .a.    .'J.  107 

Ci  aiiiii'v..'  li  ill  -••- 

Con-uin|ilion   of  ('\-aiu,le 11 

C.  ni\  .vniL' 'ratliii'-:   Inl'ipe  .l.'!i7.  :!'JII. 

:):!1.  :;.;:( 
C.il'l'ir  m  i'\aiii'le  Solution    (Ml.  l:;_', 

11;  I 

Co>l 

Hodie.     .     .  I'"' 

rilterinv  I'' 

rilt.T-  1"^' 

Col.ltiel.l                          laii.  l'--  l^:i 

Ciuanajual'  1 -''" 

Hoine-take 1^7.  iln'. 

Me'tiiK'  I'ri  eipitate                       .  I'W 

New    Zealanil.  '''•' 

Ran.l      .  .  •'•> 

Western  Australia  -H-' 

("rosse,  A  '^' 

Cru-hitii; ''■'• 


•:x 

I'aKO 
Cru^liini,'  ami  Cirimlini;  Praetieo 

at    Kali;oi,rlie      "•< 

I'vanulation  at  I'oliala  iVil 

lAaiinlation  (.t  ("n. nitrate     JJ  Iii7 

(vanHle  Notes.  .  .  ^'> 
i'\  anile  Practice. 

Ho.lu       '■'-' 

lop.,!,,  Jitl.Jlia 

CnjeiOe  Creek  '  7 

|;i    I  In,.    \Ie\U..  a.">.    11   I.    l-'-'l 

l-ae'.or  in  Ce.M  I'ro.ln.  iioii   _          11 

Ciiialiaiuati'  1-'.  -"-.  -al.  -'■>l'< 

lloinestake.  ^H,  17.'.  l^H,  all.' 

K,,l^;o.,rlie,  7:;.  I  Ml 

K.,re:i 1111.  jr.J 

Mereur '•'•' 

Xevaila    .  .  .     l^a.aa.  al.  SJ.    KHi    -lil' 

Salvailor  I'il 

S.utli  Ami..!  a'l.  .'iiii.  .'111.  -'117.  :;■-'.■_. 

Wailii  Mine ''",  -'■''■j 

\V,^-ern  Australia 17 

C\  .iin^le  Poi-onini; l.'-'> 

Ceani'le  Solution,  ('..pper  in.  '.m, 

i:ij.  nil 

l),.li\  .Iration '-'^i 

Deiinv    (i.  A.  ami  11.  S      ...  all.  :Mi7, 

:v.'J. :!.'.". 
|),..„.rt  (  Ir '^    ■rrea'ineti!  ol'         .'il.ti.'., 

NJ,:'I7 

Dulil  Proeis>  .'<».  7:i 

Hire.  I   'rreatnieni  ^- 

li,,\,icin    Cio,ifre\  "' 

Urn.  ker.  .\.  K.  11".  Itlikl^i;:; 

IKirant,  II.  1.    .  "• 

l-.si.eran/a  Mil!  1  HO 

ICNtraetion.  .-,:i.  Ill .  11 1,  s.', 

s'l.  111.-.,  1 1:;.  iJ'.i.  C'li.  \^^.  -'<■'.  '-'>' 

l-ilterin-  Co,t  111 

l-ilter-l're-.>  I'raeiue    .   !  ^.  .'7.  li  1 ,  tl.', 

■  IN    1 17    i:.:i.  17  1.  1S.J.  JCi.  -1^. 

.'21.  ■.'■-'7.  Jiir-.-Jll.  Jl'.i.  .'li'.i.  :il-' 

I'ine  C.rincliii.:  "'.  -■'■ 

■ju  :ll.  :'.7.  7;>,  Hi,  I'.ix,  -•">7 

Carirell     11.  W  l'>:5 

C.enlar.  11.  W  ^  -'^•J 

C.nn.line,  I'm,'  Hi.  -'.i, 

.'(I.  :n.  :'.7,  7:i,  HI.  I'.i^.  -■''7 

C.uanaiuato,  ( 'vaiml.it  loii  ,it.     I.'.'-'.', 

■J.".  l,2'.Mi 
ll.nnilton,  K.  M  .  .1-'.  1  (i  I,  2.-- 1. -'(ii) 
li.,hson.  1-raneis  ].  .  .  12.  22 

llonieslake  Mill...  :i02 


/-WAV 


1.7.  r.',  \'r,  niii 
irci 


Hun!.  Hirtr:mi 
Hiuitim;t"n  Mill- 
Ir..n  ;•.  W.mhI 

'tulum,  II 

K(.>sl,i-.  II     II 

Kill),',  I...,  hul  M 

Kirl.v.  A,  C, 

l.ainii,  Mark  K         l:i  I   ji:;  jis  _>  1 1 

I.aimilir^  I.  a-  r,  an  r\  iii;.,'  'railuiL;  :i:i  I . 

l.rai  hiili;  \'al-  ;ji| 

l.inu-  ll!l,:i(HI 

l.inniL'  I  a  Tnlii.'  MilK  fa;   li!) 
'■>r,,  IJI,  KiJ.  lliti    171,  1!HV  .'(17.  Jiis 

Ma.  I ),  aiald,  Aiij.:\i^l  u^  ■',;- 
Ma.  Donal.l.    Mirnar.l 

Ml  .\lik(  n.  S.   I)  |r,.> 

Ma.i;i'iiati,  Win      .ja 

Milliii),'  I'rci  iiat:itc    Itil    _m;  I 

MiTiurii-  Cvaniilc ■jii,", 

MiTrill,  C.  \V  i7-.>   :j(|.| 

.MtaalhirnKal  Di'va  K.iaiu m  .iii 

till-  Kami  ;,() 

Mcxiiaii    ('...Id    aiiil    Sihir  Ri- 

i'c.\aTy  ('[  aiijiaiu-  ij 

Mi\ir  ,V  t'liarll.ai  .Mil]  on   ;( '7 
Mill 

''"'iil'i'iatioii      iM    .-,■_.    inii 

l.-I'iTan/a                i:iii 

IliPiiU'Staki'            .-((i-j 

.Mi'\iT  \  ('harltnii (jll  .■{L'7 

Stan.lanl '    n> 

Millrr.  dram    I)  ')", 

Milling'  ;■.  Snultiii;;.  .  it 
MilN 

Hrvaii      


■J-Jt 
Jill 
i:i7 
1J7 
J7() 

;•? 

llllia 

J I .'. 
-"•.  i:.4 

-'l!l.  .'aL' 
Wt.    J(), 

wy  -'II.!  :i(it) 


I'hii, 


n;i 


Iran      ;{7 

lluniinatcn      ...  i-^d 

Mil.  lull.  DP  !  .  '     '      7s 

Mill 're  I'lltiT  i|j   i|,s 

174.  1st.  L'l:r.:il.' 

Muir.   D.iiii;!,!-;      ■_>.-,  | 

"^'""t'T.  K.'.X  17(1   J;  I 

'  l\  cT-tr.illi.   (;.    .\  ;j;j| 

<iN\L'cn  m  Cy.iniiic  S.ilutiiai  .         \:,.'> 
Pans  l..r  (Irniilini;  .'il    7s 

HI7.  liM.'.'i.-; 

1  ans  ;■.  Tiiln'S 7.S 

Parsons,  A.  R ;>27 

Pcricilatjcm    jd^ 

Pi'ttis.   1:.  S  J-j.-, 

I'lj.i'  1. .r  ('..in  t-yina  'railin,a    -JUT  :!_'il 


•'■'.-''■  P:ij;i- 

I'll .  ii'iLilinn  s(i   s!i 

l-'C.  l.i.'.  1:;  I,  :ilii 
I'r.  .jn--  111  C\  .mnl.ii  n  m  1,7    |  7a 

><•'    l-"-.|.    T.    .\  III      I.'.-,     _..-,)■  a,„", 

Kalu"Aa\     l-ihiT 

l\.  la-1 111a 

S,iiiiplin;j  T.iihia.; 

S.ilnl    lii,|,.\ 

Si  1  lliliirtll    I  .1    Slllllf 

Sri  lima  \'ai> 

Si].li..n    I.  ir    Ki-iii..\in.j    I" 

.MaliTial 
Slinu-  Diliniil 
Sliinc  I'llti  r. 
Slniu-  'rrr.iiiiu'iii 

lis.  .'III.  J.-.s. 
S..lini.,n 

.Xv-ax    .if  J  1(1    a- I     -j,.- 

'■'•I'l'ir   HI  .       .  I|||     l:(a      ,,;, 

Miur  17,, 

<  l.wi;,-!!  m.  1,-,-, 

Strnimh  nf  .s'l.  1  \]  iji;    M.", 

Stamlaril  Mill  '    <,a 

SirVfiis.   I'.   H  .'ls 

Stini's.   \i.nnan  1 '    ,■,() 

Sirrn.-lh  i.f  Si.hnii.ns..  si,    .11 

r.'ii.  H."i 
Siilphiilc  ( Ire.  Tn  .itiiunt  li)  14,s 

Tailina  Sani|il(rs  |  -,7 

Ta\s.  I-;.  A.  II ,s,| 

Thi.inas.  Jainc's  K j|() 

Trfutnicnt  nf  Di'siTt  ( In-s.    .  .  .".1.  li.", 

^'-',-47 

I  rratnunt  ..|  Sliiiif Hi   I'll 

1 '  >'.  -  I'-',  -'ax.  Jiiit.  ■jii:i.';-rofi 

Trratimnt  ..f  \'at  •>,;.) 

Tulii-Mills.  "   ~ 

I'alit'nrnia        ,  ,  iji    1 7-, 

'V';'^^"'"  '  .17^ 

Kalaiiiirlic 7s    li)] 

l-^"r'-:i  '  ]]() 

ianmi;  of,  ,-,,•,   ,;<( 

'■>■'>.  I-' I.  Kil'.  Kid,  171.  1(1(1.  -.'(17.  -J.-iH 

-■^l^^ii" .'i.'..  l.'d,  .'I.",   :{J!» 

\f\aila        1 4(1 

<  In  thr  kanil  -,i,   -{a^ 

Pcl.lilrs '  '  '  .VS 

\'an  Law  .  Carlos  W i.><.)7   ;ja,, 

...    ,,  •'-'■'.  '■^'■^'■^ 

Wallaio.  .\.   B    1  ,s 

Wianl.   ICiluaril  S J]  - 

Zmr  I  lust                 s(l.  'vM 

Zmr  Dust  :■.  Sha\  ina    .  S(| 

Zini.   Slia\ ma  s(i    1  Jfi 


(B  By  the  use  of  the  Garvin   Method 
the  values  in   your  ore  can   be   re- 
covered  in   one-third    the  time,   both 
economically  and  efficiently. 
(J  The  application  of  this  method   is 
not  only  to  gold  and  silver  ores, 
but  all  ores  which  can  be  successfully 
treated  by  wet  process. 
flj  Why  cling  to  the  old  time  system 
of  leaching  or  zinc  precipitation, 
when  you  can  save  one-third  the  time 
by    the    Garvin    Method    and    secure 
better  result"^  ? 

(V  If  you'll  allow  us  an  opportunity, 
"  we'll  prove  the  truth  of  the  above 
claims.  Better  send  for  a  copy  of 
the  Catalog,  anyway. 


Let  us  make  an  actual  working  test  of  your 
ore  to  demonstrate  our  claims  for  this  method. 

400  40I    EQUITABLE    BANK    SLOG.     LOS    ANGELES.    CAL. 

Garvin  Cyanide  Extraction  and  Development  Company 

186    MORRISON   ST.,  PORTLAND.   OREGON 

SS    WALL   STREET     NEW    VORK 


An  Ideal  Outfit  for  Refining  Cyanide  Precipitates 

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and  Melting  Furnace 


Cary  Hiirnt*rs  and  Furnaces      J 

arc  inailf    in    .several   .sizes. 

Send  for  our  New  Catalog 

"R."  the  most  fompreliensive  lnH)k  published  covering 

Metallurj^ical    Laboratory    Apphances    and    SuppHes. 


576-584  Mission    St., 
San   Francisco,   Cal. 


F.W.  BRAUN 


409-415  E.  Thlrd:st., 
Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


Steel  Cyanide  Tanks 


CONICAL    BOTTOM    STEEL    TANK 

Work  all  done  with  automatic  machinery  of  our  own 
desijjn.     Perfect  fitting  parts  guaranteed. 

Special  attention  given  to  shipments  for  mule  back 
transportation. 


ESTABLISHED   1872. 


35   YEARS'  EXPERIENCE 


WM.  GRAVER  TANK  WORKS 

STEEL   TANKS   AND   PLATE   WORK 

EAST   CHICAGO.    INDIANA 


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All  Sizes     Write  Us 
All  Purposes 


WARREN    CITY    BOILER    WORKS.    WARREN,    OHIO 


r 


The  Filtration  of  Slime 

by  the  Butters  Method 

gt[  Tlu     irLlTKRS    i>ATi:\r    V.\'  LTM    lll.rivK   i^    tin 

iii:;  a  prfM  1  nl  thrrc  vrars.  •  .n  a  nlirlliuus  low  -nuir  tailiii'^ 
(li|H,sit.  l.\  Mr.  ("liarUs  liuttirs  aii'l  ass.niatrs  al  his  work-, 
ill  \'ir:^itiia  ('il\  .  Xr\  a'la 

gn  Till-  HuUi-r-.  I'ilt'.r  will  imsitivrlv  iiurcaM'  tlic  cxtradioii 
^1  Ml  the  \alii.s  lul.l  in  solutions  of  slow  s.ttlin;.^  sliiiir, 
whi.h  ran  Kc  snnisst'uUv  an  otn|plislu-.i  witli'nil  tlic  ini- 
l,l,,\!iu'nt   ol  skillnl  lalioi-  lo  o|.'  rati'  unnrrrssarx    nia>  1        rx 

gB  Tlir  oprraUon  of  the  I'lltcr  is  lonlinuons.  tlu'  filter- 
^1  lra\.s  iTniaii;in-  in  tlir  lioxrs  for  months  at  a  tinir  wiili- 
oui  altrnlion  or  distnrliani  r,  thus  cHniinatinu  ''>c  (  xjh  i:sr 
of  rr|iralcil  lianilliuL;  and  nnncci  ssar\-  strain  to  tlif  ian\as. 
Til,'  lit'r  of  tlir  lillrr-lra\rs  is  uni  UK  siionaM\  lon.ncr  ami  tlu' 
prartUT  rlrani'r  ami   niorr  rttiiii-nt. 

|ff  An  adoption  of  a  Huttrrs  all-slinu-  tnaDiimt  jilanl  in 
^1  t!ic  (\anidation  of  vour  orr  will  also  iit-rinit  of  a  savin- 
,,f  .Sli  |.rr  >'cnl   less  tank  lai^atitx-   nnuircd. 


|Tr  Ila\in'4  provi'd  the  tiscfuliuss  of  the  i'ilter  wc  soluit 
nl  t!ir  fnllrst  in\<  sti;4alion  ot  Miniii'^'  Kni;inrrrs.  Suprrm- 
tnidi-nts.  and  Owner'    interested  in  e\  anide  treatment. 


£[[  We  are  ]irepared  to  desii^Mi  and  superintend  the  in.stalla- 
^1  ti.in  of  a  eoniplete  plant  for  \  on  that  will  he  hotli 
eeoiionneal  and   produetivi'  of  an   iiu  reased  extraetion. 

WE  ARK  WORKING  UNDER  VALID  AMERICAN  AND  FOREIGN 
PATENTS  AND  SHALL  PROTECT  OUR  CUSTOMERS 

Attention  iscalli'l  !"  ilif  aitiilc  on  Kiltration  ol  Slinic' 
in  this  v..himc  liv  !•;  M  H.imilKin.  for  a  history  of  the 
cUvr-loiiimnt  of  llif  Hiiltii-.  mcth'>il  of  Nlimc   IrraliiU'nt. 

The  Butters  Patent  Vacuum 
Filter  Company,  Inc. 

VIRGINIA  CITY,  NEVADA,  U.  S.  A. 

Apartado  1578,  Mexico  City,  Mexico 


jLl 


Ia  m  \  /J 


P^ 


The  Kelly   Patent   Filter   Press 

is  a  self-contained,  self-discharging  tank  pressure  filter, 
which  can  be  operated  by  any  convenient  means  such  as, 
gravity  where  sufficient  head  is  available,  compressed  air, 
where  montejus  are  preferred  ,  or  pumps  of  either  centrifu- 
gal or  plunger  type. 

Filtration  can  be  performed  at  any  required  working  pres- 
sure, up  to  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  pounds. 

Its  chief  points  of  superiority,  which  will  be  appreciated 
by  all  cyanide  mill  operators,  are: 

Absence  of  leakage,  accessibility  of  filter  diaphragms  and 
individual  discharge  of  filtered  solutions  therefrom,  quick 
discharge  of  slime  cakes  in  dry  and  compact  form  affording 
maximum  conservation  of  water  where  this  commodity  is 
scarce,  and  economy  in  operating  cost  as  the  result  of  merely 
nominal  amount  of  manual  labor  involved. 

FOE  FUETHEE  INFOEMATION,  WRITE  TO  ^^.m^ 

{^^  The  Kelly  Filter  Press  Company  ^^p 

4|h^    149-151  Pierpont  St.,  Salt  Lake  City,  U.  S.  A.  MifeJ^ 


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